THE ORCHID REVIEW

MILTONIA

BLEUANA NOBILIOR.

(See page 355.)

THE

REVIEW ORCHID
3Ut 3Uustv-nt<* Ittontljhj JMnroml

DEVOTED TO ORCHIDOLOGY

$
VOLUME
II

-ii
Mo. Bot. Garden,
1895.

PRINTED FOR THE PROPRIETORS BY

'EST,

NEWMAN, &

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Vol.

II.]

JANUARY,

1894.

[No.

THE

ORCHID REVIEW
Bn
3llustrate& flDontbty Journal,

DEVOTED TO ORCHIDOLOGY.

Laelio-cattleya

albanen.se

Orchids of 1893 Cattleya Victoria-Regina Lycaste X Imschootiana Laelia x Finckeniana (Fig.

Laelia

Calanthe X Veitchii a> a Do Cypripediums sport ?

The Eh

bridist

8
1 )

Laelio-cattleya

...

Gouldiana (Fig. 2) ... Laelia anceps Sanderiana (Fig. 3) -in -lanum turn M Cypripedium .he Jungle
^
1

9 10
11 11
;

Laelio-cattleya Lselio-cattleya

X Euma X Statte x Pallas

Masdevallia

X Doris

12
|

Miltonia

Bluntii var. Peetersiana

...

13
j

Cypripedium x Allanis Cypripedium x Eyermi Hermione

Calendar of Operations for Jam Orchid PortraitContinental Notes

Cultural Notes on Bollea and Pescatorea

14

rmaniana
Laelia furfi

15

NOTICES.
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ORCHID REVIEW
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XOW
III.-DENDROBIUM.

III

\l>\
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I.-ODONTOGLOSSUM. Price, 7 s. 6d. by po II. CATTLEYA and LZBLIA. Price. 10s 6d.
Price, 10s. 6d.

by post'
:

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THE ORCHID
NOTES.
At
the

REVIEW.

commencement

of this our second

volume we take the opportunity

numerous readers a Happy New Year. May our favourite Orchids flourish during the coming year more than in the one that is past, and may our second volume show a marked improvement on the one which
of wishing our

preceded

on our part shall be wanting to secure this desirable end. And we appeal to our readers to assist us by sending interesting notes and specimens, and by making the work known as widely as possible, both
it
!

No

effort

of

which

will materially aid in accelerating its progress.

One

interesting feature of our

is

first
it

volume, to which attention has

contains a record of the History
to the

already been called elsewhere,

of Orchid

that
its

Hybridisation from

commencement down
different hybrids

present

date,

and the origin and parentage of the ascertained by means of the Index.

can be readily

At the time of going to press we have not yet received the programme of the Royal Horticultural Society for 1894, s0 tnat w e cannot indicate
the date of the January meeting of the Orchid Committee.

Mr. H. A. Burberry, who has charge of the splendid collection of the Right Hon. J. Chamberlain, M.P., at Highbury, Moor Green, Birmingham, who will contribute our Calendar of Operations for 1894, is about to publish a book entitled The Amateur Orchid Cultivator's Guide Book, its
object being to give plain, simple, and fully written instructions suitable
for

at

young beginners in Orchid the commencement. The

culture,

who

often experience great difficulties

price

is

half a crown.

We

cordially wish

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

It
is

announced that Count Oswald de Kerchove de Deterghem, President of the Royal Agricultural and Botanical Society of Ghent, is about to publish a work entitled Le Livre des Orchidees, which will form a companion volume to the author's work on Palms.

The Journal
in

des Orchidees,
is

whose announced suspension was alluded

continued as usual, as we learn from

to
its

our previous issue,

to be
last.

issue of

December 15th

Consul F. C. Lehmann's Herbarium has been acquired by the Trustees of the British Museum, and will find a home in the Natural History Museum, South Kensington. Many new and interesting Orchids have
been discovered by Consul Lehmann, chiefly in Columbia and Ecuador.
curious malformation of the flowers of Cattleya labiata has appeared in the collection of Hamar Bass, Esq., Byrkley, Burton-on-Trent,
in

which the two lateral sepals have simulated the lip in form and colour, and the dorsal sepal has become a petal. Thus the flowers have three petals at the top and three lips underneath. It was imported by Messrs. F. Sander and Co., of St. Albans. The same form has also appeared with T. W. Browning, Esq., Carass Court, Co. Limerick. All the flowers on
both leads of the plant are alike.

specimen of Phalasnopsis grandiflora is recorded in the pages of the Gardeners' Chronicle, by "G. W. E., Henham," which carries a spike of forty expanded flowers, each over three inches in diameter, and some unopened buds. A plant of P. Schilleriana has also produced two flower- spikes, each of which bears a young plant. These have been mossed round, and when rooted will be cut off and grown in the usual way.
fine

An unusually

LiELIO-CATTLEYA

ALBANENSE.

At a meeting of the Orchideene of Brussels, held on December 10th last, a plant was exhibited by Messrs. Linden, L'Horticulture Internationale,
Brussels, under the

name

of Lselio-cattleya
It

x Stchegoleffiana, and received

as

a First-class Diploma of Honour.

was noted

a
It

supposed natural

was also exhibited at the meeting of the Royal Horticultural Society on December The 12th. plant is evidently a good variety of Lselio-cattleya x albanese {Orchid Review, i. p. 339), introduced by Messrs. F. Sander and Co., from Bahia, and a natural hybrid between Lselia grandis and Cattleya Warned. C.
labiata

hybrid between Lselia tenebrosa and Cattleya labiata.

and L. tenebrosa do not grow together, and the latter with C. Warneri yields Lselio-cattleya X Gottoiana (I.e., p. It is a handsome
338).
plant,

and

its

appearance in another collection

is

interesting.

R. A. R.

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

ORCHIDS OF
The

1893.

novelties of 1893 have been rather numerous, as our pages

month by

month have indicated, and, in conformity with custom, we may now glance at the more important ones, beginning with species, and then passing on to hybrids, which latter seem to increase in number and importance every year.

Among

the species the most important event of the year

distinct

is

the discovery

and introduction of the very

Charlesworth,
Shuttle worth

and handsome Cypripedium Charles-

worthii (of which a coloured plate appeared in our last number), by Messrs.

and Co., of Heaton, Bradford.

With

the

general habit of C. Spicerianum and a

dorsal
sepal,
it

new and unexpected

colour in the

is

sure to

become a very popular garden

the plants brought

plant.

Phaius
of

roseus, which flowered

among

home by

the Earl

Scarborough,
interesting

is

a small species with light rose-coloured flowers and a very

It
is

addition to the genus.

now known

to be a native of

Burmah.

Lycaste cinnabarina

is

another very striking species,

now

intro-

duced from Peru by Messrs. Linden, L'Horticulture Internationale, Brussels,

though dried species were collected by Warscewicz forty years ago.

laria striata is a large-flowered

Maxil-

Peruvian species introduced by the same

Albans.

firm.

Selenipedium Sargentianum was introduced from Pernambuco by

Co.,

Messrs. F. Sander and

of

St.

This firm also distributed

an importation of the remarkable Eulophiella Elisabethse, which, though not strictly speaking a new plant, had not previously been put into commerce.
pages.
Its history

has been referred to on more than one occasion in our

its

Stanhopea Lowii and

white variety Amesiana were introduced

Co., of Clapton.

from the Cauca by Messrs.

Hugh Low and

Brassia

Lewisii was introduced by Messrs.

W.

L. Lewis and Co., of Southgate,

who

also introduced Cynorchis grandinora.

Gongora Charlesworthii was

Co., of

introduced by Messrs. Charlesworth, Shuttleworth and

Bradford.

Heaton,

Oncidium unicolor appeared with Mr. William

Bull, of Chelsea,

some years ago, but has only recently been described.

Several interesting things have flowered in private collections.
Cirrho-

petalum robustum
lection of Colonel

is

a very remarkable species which flowered in the col-

Trevor Clarke, of Daventry, having been introduced by

that

gentleman's

nephew, Captain Clarke, from

New

Guinea.

Lselia

Lucasiana flowered both with Sir Trevor Lawrence, Bart., of Dorking, and C. J. Lucas, Esq., of Warnham Court, Horsham.
said to

Burford,
It is

now
the

have been introduced by Messrs. F. Sander and Co., from Brazil.

Masdevallia Burbidgeana both flowered
in

Aerides platychilum and

Royal Botanic Gardens, Glasnevin, under the care of Mr. F. W. Moore, A.L.S., the latter having been introduced by Messrs. Sander; Lycaste
Rossiana appeared
its origin

in the collection of

H.

J.

Ross, Esq., of Florence, Italy,

being unknown.

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

A number
of others described within the

year must be classed as botani-

cal Orchids,

though several of them are very interesting and pretty.

The

following five flowered at

cosus, Megaclinium

Kew : Angraecum

bistortum, Sarcochilus mus-

minutum, Bulbophyllum vitiense, and B. viride. Three flowered at Glasnevin namely, Physosiphon Lindleyi, Pleurothallis puberula, and Pelexia maculata, the latter having been introduced by Messrs.
;

Hugh Low and

Co.

Several others flowered with

Messrs. Linden, of
little

Brussels, as follows

: Neodryas

Sacciana, a very interesting

plant,

Oncidium zonatum, Coelogyne borneensis, C. tenuis, Cirrhopetalum Brienianum, and Bulbophyllum longispicatum. From Messrs. F. Sander and Co. came Bulbophyllum Sanderianum, Epidendrum Laucheanum, and E. pumilum. Messrs. Hugh Low and Co. flowered Luisia Amesiana and Epidendrum tricolor. Habenaria cinnabarina is an interesting Madagascar

Lewis and Co., while Pleurothallis rhombipetala appeared with Messrs. Charlesworth, Shuttleworth and Co. The following three species flowered in the collection of Sir Trevor Lawrence, Bart., Burford, Dorking Bulbophyllum racemosum, Oncidium
species which flowered with Messrs.
L.
:

W.

luteum, and Polystachya Lawrenceana, the latter having been imported by

Mr.

J.

O'Brien, of Harrow-on-the-Hill,

who

also flowered

it.

Polystachya

imbricata and Bulbophyllum spathaceum flowered with Mr. O'Brien, the

latter

from Messrs.

Hugh Low and

Co's importations.

Pholidota Lugardii

flowered with Sir John Kirk, of Wavertree, Sevenoaks,

who

received

it

from

Captain Lugard.

and

Warnham

Saccolabium Mooreanum flowered at Glasnevin, Burford, Court, from Messrs. F.Sander's importations; while Eria
Mr.
J.*

albiflora flowered with

O'Brien and at Kew.

few others which

list

have been described will probably go to swell the already too numerous of synonyms.

Among new
and D.
n.

varieties

may be mentioned

Dendrobium nobile Ballianum

F.

Amesis, introduced by Messrs.

Sander and Co.

Ansellia

milotica Rossiana, from the collection of H. Ross, Esq., of Florence J. Cattleya intermedia picturata, from M. M. Cappe et fils, Vesinet, France;

Cypripedium Bullenianum

Appletonianum, from the collection of W. M. Appleton, Esq., of Weston-super-Mare Cypripedium insigne Ernesti, from the collection of R. I. Measures, Esq., of Camberwell and several
var.
; ;

Five very interesting natural hybrids have appeared, as follows : Laelia x Finckeniana (see p. 9, fig. 1); Laelio-cattleya x albanense, imported by Messrs. F. Sander and Co. Cattleya x Patrocinii from M. A. A.
;

Peeters, of Brussels
of

Miltonia Joiceyana, which flowered in the collection

;

Major Joicey, of Sunningdale Park and Oncidium x Wheatleyanum, which appeared with Mr. F. Wheatley, of Ringmore, Teignmouth. The latter was probably derived from O. crispum and O. dasytyle.

The garden hybrids

of the

year are very numerous, some of them being.

THE ORCHID RE VIE IV.

childianum,
C.

from species not previously used by the hybridist, as Cypripedium Roths-

Sanderianum, Selenipedium Lindleyanum, Dendrobium bigibbum, D. tortile, D. Ruckeri, Cattleya Lawrenceana, and Disa tripetaloides.

hybrid

Vanda must

also be

added

to the

list.

Messrs. James Veitch and Sons, of Chelsea, as usual, head the

the following

list,

with

: Calanthe x

gigas (F.

C.V

Cattleya x Chloris (F. C), C.

Pheidona (A. M.), Cypripedium x ,Eson, C. x Arete (A. MA, C. x Euryades, C. x Melanthus, C. x Orion, Dendrobium x .Eneas, D. x Alcippe, D. x Euryalus, D. x Niobe (A. M.), Laelio-cattleya x Ascania
x

CO, L.-c. x Epicastal.A. M.), L.-c. x Eumaea,L.-c. x Pisandra (F. C), E.-c. x Statteriana (F. C), Phaius x amabilis (F. C), Phalaenopsis x intermedia var. Vesta, Selenipedium x Clonius (F. C), S. x Penelaus
(F.
(F. C.),

and

S.

Phaedra (F. C).

From

the establishment of Messrs. F. Sander and Co., St. Albans, the

following have appeared

: Cattleya x Lord

Rothschild (F. C), Cypripedium

x Fausianum, C. X Johnsonianum (F. C), C. x Joseph Donat, C. x Lawre-conco, C. x Lynchianum, C. x Massaianum (A. M.), C. x mulus, C. x Thayerianum, C. x Umlauftianum, C. x Watsonianum, Dendrobium x Sanderse, Lselia x Oweniana (A. M.), Laeliocattleya x Ingrami, L.-c. Krsenzlinii, L.-c. x Maynardii (A. M.), and L.-c. x Burberryanum,
C.

Messrs. Pitcher and Manda, of

New

Jersy,

U.S.A., have

X Constableanum, C. Cypripedium x Clinkaberryanum, C. x lutescens, C. x Mrs. Warren Hook, and Dendrobium Rceblingianum. M. Charles Vuylsteke, of Loochristy, Ghent, has raised Cypripedium X Erato, C. x Eucharis, C. X Germinyanum violaceum, C. x Murillo,
and C. x Zampa.

produced x Greyanum,

Messrs. Linden, L'Horticulture Internationale, Brussels, have flowered

Cypripedium
Messrs.

W.

X Leonse (A. M.). L. Lewis and Co.,

of Southgate,

have raised Cattleya x

Ashtoniana and C. x Johnsoniana, both from the same cross. Mr. James Cypher, of Cheltenham, has raised Dendrobium x chelten-

hamense, and D. X Rubens.

Madame O. Block, of Paris, raised Cypripedium x Mauriceanum. Mr. P. Mc Arthur, Maida Vale, has flowered Cypripedium x Tennyson. A considerable number have flowered in various private collections, as follows :Cattleya x Norman C. Cookson, Esq., Oakwood, Wylam-on-Tyne

Harold

(A.

M.), C. x William

Murray

(F.

C), Cypripedium x Bryan, C.

readily found

by means

of the Index.

6
vexill-Io,

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

Dendrobium Bryan
(F.

C), D. x chlorostele Ovvenianum (F.

C.) r

and D. x Sibyl (A. M.).

Ingram, Esq., Elstead. House, Godalming Cypripedium X compactum, C. x L'Unique, C. x T. W. Bond (A. M.), and C. x Vipani roseum. C. Winn, Esq., Selly Hill, Birmingham Cypripedium x Edith Winn,
C. C.

and C. x The Duke. T. Statter Esq., Stand Hall, Manchester Cypripedium x Ariadne, C.
Sylvia,

Daviesianum, C. x Statterianum (F. C), and Laelio-cattleya x Clive. Cypripedium H. Graves, Esq., Orange, New Jersey, U.S.A.

Edwardii (A. M.), C.

Gravesii.

Hebe, C.

x Tacita, and Phaius

Dorking
(A.

hybridus

Sir Trevor Lawrence, Bart, Burford,

Cypripedium
and

superbiens

(A.

M.),

C.

conco-Lawre

M.),

x cenoDendrobium x

burfordiense.

Captain Hincks, Terrace House,

Rushtoni,
delicatum.

M.

Richmond, Yorks Masdevallig. x Yeitchiano-Estradae, and Selenipedium x Ainsworthii

R.

I.

Measures, Esq., Cambridge Lodge, Camberwell

Cypripedium

enfieldense var. Hebe, C.

X Eyermanianum

var. Diana, C.

x Ganesa, and

C. x Indra.

R. H. Measures, Esq.,

The Woodlands, Streatham Cypripedium x

Dorchester

Fairieano-Lawrenceanum, and C. x Paris.

W.

E. Brymer, Esq., Ilsington House,

Dendrobium

Benita and Lselio-cattleya x Brymeriana.

The Royal Gardens, Kew Disa X kewensis and D. x Premier (F. C). The late F. L. Ames, Esq., North Easton, Mass., U.S.A. Masdevallia x Henrietta, and M. x Rebecca.
M.
Jules

Hye,

of

Ghent Cypripedium
of

giganteum, and

C.

triumphans.

From
F.

the collection

the

Emperor

of

Austria,

Schonbrunn, near

Vienna, Lycaste X schcenbrunnensis.

M. Burton, Esq.,
late J. C.

Highfield, Gainsborough

Cypripedium

suffu-

The

Bowiing, Esq., Forest Farm, Windsor Forest Cypripe-

dium x Paulii. M. Paul Darblay Cypripedium x corbeillense. Miss Joaquim, Singapore Vanda x Miss Joaquim. G. R. le Doux, Esq., Langton House, East Molesey Cypripedium x Ledouxis.

M.
rosea.

J.

Moens, of

Lede Cypripedium X

Clotilde

Moens

(A. M.).

John Riley, Esq., Hapton House, Burnley Phaio-calanthe x Sedeniana

Baron
Sir

Henry Schroder, The

Dell,

Egham Laslia

vitellina (F.

C).

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

H. Tate, Esq., Allerton Beeches, Liverpool Cypripedium x TryoniaG. F. Tautz, Esq.,

W.
W.

Hanger Hill, Ealing Cypripedium x Dibdin. Thompson, Esq., Walton Grange, Stone, Staffordshire Masdevallia
(A. M.).

x McVittiae
chellum.

Vanner, Esq.,

Camden Wood, Chislehurst Selenipedium x

Wansford Cypripedium x

pul-

Captain Vipan, Stibbington Hall,

ano-superbiens (A. M.).

Sanderi-

CATTLEYA VICTORIA-REGINA.
have received several communications respecting this Cattleya, which some of our correspondents regard with very mixed feelings, and

We

having now seen

it

again

Two

years ago a large

we are able to offer some further remarks about it. number of plants were distributed under this name,
St. Albans,

May, 1892, one of them flowered in their establishment, whose distinctness and beauty were at once recognised, as it received a First-class Certificate from the Royal Horticultural Society, and the plant was described by Mr. James O'Brien as a new species. But in the following autumn, when the plants began to flower in various collections, great was the disappointment to find an eruption of Cattleya Leopoldi, with some C. granulosa, instead of the coveted novelty. And last autumn a repetition of the same thing occurred. Two plants, however, have proved genuine, and there may be others which we have not heard of. A raceme has been produced in the collection of Hamar Bass, and Mr. Esq., Byrkley, Burton-on-Trent, under the care of Mr. Hamilton
by Messrs. F. Sander and Co., of

and

in

Stephens, gardener to William Thompson, Esq., Walton Grange, Stone,

Staffordshire, exhibited
tural Society on

two blooms

at the

meeting

of the

Royal Horticulall

November 28th

last.

Mr. Hamilton states that

the

other plants have proved to be Cattleya Leopoldi, with short leaves, while
C. Victoria- Regina has leaves longer than the bulbs.
are a foot long, the

The imported
it

bulbs

new ones made

If this is

in this

country eight inches, and the leaves

should be an easy
plant which flowered

ten and a half inches.

a constant character

matter to pick out the true plants.

with Messrs. Sander had lost
that he finds
it

The imported

all

its leaves.

Mr. Hamilton also remarks

and C. Mendeli, as in the warmer house the growths are weak, and the leaves fall over on account of
to do best with Cattleya Mossiae
their weight, thus injuring the

young growths.
it

Several correspondents

complain that their plants have proved to be C. Leopoldi, while another has
only flowered one plant out of several, but

proved to be only C. granulosa.

Another correspondent obtained several plants from another source, claimed

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

Victoria- Regina from an earlier importation, but
all

to be C.

of

them
?

pro-

duced flowers of C. amethystoglossa, and

altogether.

may

be

left

out of consideration
It
is

What

can be the explanation of these curious facts

well

the

known that Pernambuco

in the

Pernambuco
it,

district

Cattleya Leopoldi, or at least

C. labiata, and

variety of

grows
is

in

company with

we
Its

suspect that C. Victoria-Regina

a natural hybrid

between them.

general resemblance in shape to Cattleya

Mendeli

Z), to

C.

to Laelio-cattleya

X Chamberlainiana (C. x elegans (C. Leopoldi X L. purpurata,

its
is

X Harrisii (C. Leopoldi $ X C. Leopoldi % x C. Dowiana ), and

or the reverse)
is

too obvious to be overlooked, and

brilliant rose-purple colour

with a few

deeper spot, no less than the shape,

just

hybrid between the two species named.

We

what might be expected in a do not know if any one-leaved

hybrid
its

pseudobulbs have been observed.

If the plant is a natural

rarity

need not be wondered

at,

and

may

long continue.
is

We commend

the matter

to the attention of hybridists, for the plant

undoubtedly a very handsome

LYCASTE
This
is

IMSCHOOTIANA.
for

a distinct and

handsome Lycaste

Mont-St.-Amand, Ghent, received a at a meeting of the Orchideene of Brussels, on December ioth last. In the report of that meeting it is recorded as a hybrid from " Lycaste Skinneri
schoot, of
X

which M. Alfred Van 1mFirst-class Diploma of Honour

Maxillaria nigrescens."

It

was

also included in a

group exhibited by

Messrs. Linden at the meeting of the Royal Horticultural Society two

days
(p.

later,

and received an Award of Merit.

it

The

Gardeners' Chronicle then

756) recorded

as a

new Lycaste from Peru,

that
it

possibly a natural hybrid.

A week

later, in figuring a flower (p. 775, fig. 119)

they reverted to the

first-

named parentage, adding

M. van Imschoot, and suggesting L. Skinneri and L. cruenta as the parents. These contradictory records are unfortunate, and should be cleared up. We saw the plant on the last occasion, and, knowing nothing of its origin, suggested that it was a natural hybrid between L. Skinneri and L. cruenta, both natives of
raised by

was

Guatemala, which probably grow together

nigrescens
is

in

some
are
tips,

localities.

Maxillaria

out of the question.

The

sepals

light

greenish

fawn

colour, spotted

with purple, except near the

the petals similar, but

little

yellower, and the lip yellow, spotted with orange-red at the base and

on the callus.
as
it

The

flower

is

as intermediate between the two species

named

well could be, both in shape

and colour.

We

hope to see the origin

of this interesting plant cleared up.

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

L^LIA
This
Esq.,

FINCKENIANA.
W.
Fincken,
Mr. Milburn).
It

beautiful Lselia (Fig. 1) appeared in the collection of C.

Hoyland Hall, Barnsley

(gr.

received an

Award

of

Merit from the Royal Horticultural Society on December 13th, 1892, and was again exhibited at the meeting on December 14th last, when it received
a First-class Certificate.

Our

figure

is

taken from a flower kindly sent by

will be

Mr. Fincken. Its resemblance to a white form of L. anceps

apparent

on a glance

at Fig. 3

(which represents L. anceps Sanderiana), but the flowers

petals rather

are smaller and

more numerous, the sepals and

more spreading,

the front lobe of the lip differently shaped, the side lobes not meeting above

the column (instead of being overlapping), and the very characteristic broad
fleshy keel of L. anceps replaced by three

narrow acute ones, much

all

like

those of L. albida.

The

other characters pointed out are

modifications

io
in

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

the

same

direction,
I

and

after a careful
in

comparison of the respective

plants side[by side,

is

have no hesitation

saying that Lselia x Finckeniana

a natural hybrid between L. albida and a white form of L. anceps. The plant itself shows the same intermediate character, for though most like L. anceps, yet the bulbs are rather shorter, and some of them show a
distinct trace'of the ovoid

shape of L. albida.

The raceme on

the former

occasion bore five flowers, but on the present one six, the bracts being rather shorter than those of L. anceps, though otherwise similar. The
sepals and petals are nearly two inches long, and of the purest white. The ground colour of the lip is also white, but the apical half of the front lobe bears a transverse crimson-purple blotch, and the side lobes are closely

crimson-purple lines along the side next the disc. These are closer and more regular than in L. anceps. The keels are yellow on the front lobe, but behind this spotted and marked with crimson-purple,
while here the central keel becomes almost or quite obliterated. It is a chaste and very beautiful flower, and extremely interesting because of its natural hybrid origin. Mr. Milburn states that it came out of an
importation of Lcelia anceps made by the Liverpool Horticultural Company about four years ago, and that two years later it was picked out by Mr. Fincken, on the supposition that it was a natural hybrid, on account
of the distinct appearance of the pseudobulbs

striped with

radiating

and leaves.

It

is

likely to

remain

rare,

and

at present is
It is

Fincken's collection.
Lselias
of

only known by the unique plant in Mr. perhaps the best marked of all the Mexican
origin.

presumed hybrid
yet the
lip

The

characters
of

of
is

Lselia

anceps
in

decidedly preponderate,

the influence
keels,

L.

albida

seen

the

character of

and

as

well as in

the

smaller and

more

numerous flowers, and the habit of the plant. It would be an interesting and instructive matter if some of our hybridists would make a few experiments with these Mexican Laslias.
R. A. R-

L^LIA GOULDIANA.
and handsome Lalia was described as recently as 1888, having been introduced by Messrs. Siebrecht and Wadley, of New York, from whom part of the stock was acquired by Messrs. F. Sander and Co.,
distinct

This

Of St. Albans.

Its origin

is

still

a matter of
raised

originally described the question a variety of something else, or a

was

some uncertainty. whether it was a good

When
species,

that

it

natural hybrid, and Reichenbach suggested was possibly derived from L. autumnalis and L. anceps, and the

reverse cross of L.

x Crawshayana.

It

comes nearest to L. autumnalis,

but the flowers are

brighter in colour, the petals broader, the lip different in shape, and the bracts a little longer. These characters indicate

much

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

a slight

u
is

approach towards L. anceps, but the resemblance

It is
its

probably

deceptive.
is

now

certain that

it

exists in considerable quantities,

which
in

against

supposed hybrid

origin,

and as the numerous plants now

it

various collections are practically uniform in character,

distinct but local species.

is

probably a

Some

of the plants distributed as L.

Gouldiana

proved to be ordinary L. autumnalis, but whether they were found growing

with
it

has not been recorded, nor has anything definite been published
its

respecting

exact habitat.

It
its

is

one of the best

It
is

of

the group,

and

succeeds well

when grown with

allies.

a most beautiful

autumn
flowers,

and winter-blooming Orchid, and a plant has been recorded

of Sir

in the collection

Trevor Lawrence as bearing ten spikes and over

forty

presenting a mass of glowing colour at a particularly dull season.

figure (p. 9,
fig.

Our

2)

is

reproduced from a flower kindly sent by Mr.

Esq.,

W.
28

Stevens, gr. to

W. Thompson,
.

Walton Grange, Stone,

i.

Staffordshire.
fig.
;

f.

in G.xrd. Ckron., 1S88,

t.

p. 41

1890,
y;\.

i.

pp. 169, 171,

p. 23,

59

Orchid Album,

viii. t.

L^LIA ANCEPS SANDERIANA.

This
is

one of the best-known white varieties of Laelia anceps, but

is

specially interesting just

now, as some such form must have been one of

the parents of Laslia

was described

in

x Finckeniana, figured on a preceding page. It 18S5, and is said to have been discovered in a new locality

on the Pacific coast of Mexico.

anceps, but the colour
of the
lip,
is

The
in

flower has the shape of typical L.

white with a rose-purple blotch on the front lobe

size

which varies somewhat

(p. 9, fig. 3),

and depth of colour.

In

the

flower figured
Esq.,

which

is

from the collection of

W. Thompson,
in

Walton Grange, Stone, Staffordshire, it was small and very light colour. The figures are exact, being reproduced from a photograph.
Laslia

anceps var. Sanderiana, Rchb.

f.

in

Card. Ckron., 1885,

i.

p.

140

1887,

i.

pp. 280,

281,

fig. 59.

CYPRIPEDIUM VENUSTUM VAR. MEASURESIANUM.

This
is

a very pretty albino, in which

all

the brown and red of the typical

form has vanished, also the wart-like spots of the petals, leaving them
yellowish green, and the
lip

yellow veined with green.

The

dorsal sepal

is

about as usual. The replacement of the brown and red by yellow and green gives this variety a very bright and attractive appearance, and it
contrasts very effectively with the typical form.
collection of R.
I.

The

plant

is

in the rich

Measures, Esq., Cambridge Lodge, Camberwell, and

Horticultural

received

an Award of Merit from the Royal

last.

Society on

December 12th

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

NOTES ON ORCHIDS
Continued from

IN

THE JUNGLE.
336.)

Vol. I.

page

The

the Neilgherries and the adjoining ranges of mountains in Orchids of

Southern India are very interesting, and, as the geographical distribution of plants is always worth noting, there is an additional interest in the fact that
several of the Orchids in these hills are found in Ceylon.

At the top of Dodabetta, one

of the highest points in the

Neilgherry

range, growing in large masses on the rocks and sometimes on old stunted

stems of Rhododendron arboreum,

odoratissima.

ThnYplant

is

found the best form of Ccelogyne also found in Ceylon, but the bulbs are about
is

double the size of those of the Ceylon plant, and the flower spikes corre-

spondingly larger.
is

On account

of the delicious scent of its

white flowers,

it

a plant well worth growing. This species grows best in the coolest house,
is its

with the Masdevallias, and, indeed, this

collection, as in its native

natural position in an English

all

home

it

is

not at

unusual to find the plant

covered with hoar frost in the morning.

In most of the
hill forests in this
is

range Calanthe Masuca, another plant

occurs at from two thousand feet to
in the higher

common
six

also to Ceylon,
feet

found.

It

thousand

elevation,

and the plants

altitudes are

stronger than those growing lower down.

Ipsea speciosa, an

Orchid supposed to be confined to Ceylon,

hills

is

also

found in the Neilgherries, on the slopes of the

at the top of

Walla-

Ghaut,
the

at

about an elevation of four thousand

feet.

Colonel
I

first

to detect this variety as indigenous to India, but

its

Beddome was do not know

whether he has ever recorded

habitat.

an altitude of about three thousand feet, is found in great quantities Acanthephippium bicolor. This is another Ceylon Orchid, which I think is not noted by Wight as growing in the Neilat

Lower down Walla-Ghaut,

gherries,

and which has, so

It

far as

am

aware, not before been recorded as

existing in India.

grows high up on the banks of the stream, among the

it

decayed leaves and fallen

matter, and
selves to the
I

found

permeate this decayed vegetable comparatively loose, the roots not attaching themsticks.
Its roots
in great

On

ground underneath the decayed leaves. the huge granite boulders which stand up

masses

in the

middle of the Walla-Ghaut river is found, growing in great profusion, Ccelogyne corrugata, a plant we do not often see in English collections, but which is well worth growing. As this Orchid is found where there is a

tremendous

rainfall,

and considerable amount

It

of heat,

it is

not advisable to

grow

it

in too cool a house.

does very well in the intermediate house in

England.

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

About three thousand
precipices
is

feet

higher in the same

found Ccelogyne glandulosa.

as
it

This

is

very

difficult to collect,

grows on the steepest

This plant
is

rocks, clinging in great

masses.

The

plants are always kept wet at the roots by the water running

down the

face of the rocks.

found where there

is frost

in

winter, but considerable heat in the

The

rainfall at

Walla-Ghaut

is

summer. so enormous that

all

the coffee planta-

tions in this particular locality have been abandoned, ten inches a

day being

the usual rainfall during the monsoons, a volume of water which carries

everything before

it

directly the earth is disturbed.

is

hear that the road

I

down
visited
It

this
it.

Ghaut now
I

quite impassable

it

was very bad when

in

last

is

here that

found growing on the old coffee bushes,

of

great

luxuriance, the
Icones

Dendrobium album
Indue

Wight

(see his description in Wight's

in

Plantarum

Orientolis),

and as the plants were

grand

flower

when
I

the bushes
trees

came upon it, it was a beautiful sight. Until I got down to was much puzzled to make out what strange crop the old coffee
I I

had previously seen on the eastern slopes of these mountains an inferior variety, which is no doubt Lindley's Dendrobium aqueum, and both plants are now decided to be one and the same Orchid. The difference of rainfall on the two slopes of these hills easily accounts for the difference in strength and habit. The eastern slopes get little rain and the vegetation on that side of the mountains is scant. In many places this
annual
rainfall

were bearing.

being

only

fifty

inches,

while

the western

slopes

are

saturated by heavy rains, and are densely covered with tropical vegetation
of all kinds, the tree ferns [Alsophila crinita) being the finest
I

ever saw.

At Walla-Ghaut also grows a gigantic form of Dendrobium macros-

tachyum, with stems ten times the

mention as a curious
fact that
I

size

of the

Ceylon variety.

may

found Dendrobium macrostachyum in the

this plant a wider distribution

Andaman

Islands,

which gives

than was
the

hitherto suspected.

Walla-Ghaut is a spot of Walla-Ghaut river that leads

buffalo.

special interest to

sportsmen, as

it

is

into the plain below,

{To be continued.)

which

is

full of

wild

MILTONIA
eters,

BLUNTII VAR. PEETERSIANA.

of

This handsome Miltonia appeared in the establishment

of Saint
Gilles,

M. A. A.
known,

Brussels, where

it

flowered a short time ago,

is

well as on previous occasions.

Miltonia x Bluntii, as

now

well

a natural hybrid between

M.

spectabilis

and M. Clowesii, and the present

4
its

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

descent to the intercrossing of the

one owes

same two

species.

It

though a remarkmust one. The deep maroon-purple M. spectabilis Moreliana was ably distinct evidently one parent in the present case, for the hybrid has dull vinous
therefore be considered as a variety of the same,

purple sepals

on which the bars and blotches of M. Clowesii may be traced, the intervening spaces consisting of narrow lines of a lighter shade, most distinct when held up to the light. The pandurate lip resembles

and

petals,

the type in shape, but the colour

in front of the disc.

is

plum-purple, with some radiating lines

The

crest is light-yellow,
is

three keels, of which the central one

are short

and terminates in front in the shortest. The column-wings

and deep purple, and the face below the stigma yellow, terminating It is thoroughly intermediate between the two in a pair of erect teeth. species named, the colour inclining strongly towards M. spectabilis Moreliana,
while the shape
is

rather

more

like

M.

Clowesii.

It is

very handsome.

R. A. R.

CULTURAL NOTES ON BOLLEA AND

PESCATOREA.
These interesting plants generally prove very and we have therefore the greater pleasure in
if

intractable under cultivation,

publishing the two following

notes respecting their culture in Italy and in England, feeling certain that
it

were better understood they would be more frequently met with

;

in

collections

for

they invariably attract attention by their distinct colours

and singular structure, while some are undeniably handsome.

our correspondents for their interesting notes
" Bolleas, Pescatoreas and Stenias constantly in

We thank

:
with me, and some are

all flourish

flower especially Pescatorea Lehmanni, which is almost always in flower. I grow them all in wooden baskets, with drainage of broken potsheds, over which lycopodium-root, chopped roughly and mixed with living sphagnum, is placed, and finally a thick layer of living sphagnum. They are hung up in the East Indian house, close to the
glass,

near

Phalaenopsids,

are

kept

well

shaded during sunlight, and

thoroughly moist.
of pure air

Abundant ventilation must be given, as without plenty they will not grow. They must also be carefully guarded

against thrips.

mention that I had trouble with Zygopetalum rostratum, which hung with the Bolleas, but dwindled away. I then tried it on the back wall, to the north of the East Indian house, behind the Phalaenopsids.
I

"

may

also

This house
south,

is

a long one, and ten feet

and on the

bricked up, to give

higha span running north and north side are the boilers. The north end is entirely the Phalaenopsids more warmth and shade. This wall


THE ORCHID REVIEW.
is

15

very damp, and here Zygopetalum rostratum flourishes, as does also " H. Galeandra nivalis. Ross. J. " Florence, Italy."

" Having been

fairly successful in

growing and flowering several Bolleas,

a few remarks as to the treatment they receive here

may

be interesting to

your readers.

Our

plants were imported in July, 1892, and were shortly

fibre

afterwards potted up into a compost of polypodium

and sphagnum

moss three

parts of the former to one part of the

latter.

The

pots were

thoroughly well drained, and the plants grown close to the roof glass in a

low structure with

Cattleyas

and

other

Orchids.

Ordinary

Cattleya

temperature suits them.

During growth they should be copiously supplied with rain water at the roots, and the atmosphere kept moist, but after the growths are made up the amount of water should be considerably reduced.

Some growers

find

it

difficult to

keep these plants healthy

a free

for

many

years

together, but ours are in good condition up to the present,

making strong

healthy growth.

Bollea Whitei

is

flowering species, having this

season eleven flowers on one specimen.

at

B. Patini, which was described

is

page 322 of the

last

volume of

The Orchid Review,

very interesting

indeed.

" D.

Masterton.

" Hazelbourne Gardens, Dorking."

As these plants grow in moist and shady situations, and have no pseudobulbs in which supplies of nutrient matter are stored up, it is obvious that the compost should never be allowed to become dry, even during the period of inactivity. They grow freely enough at home, and
there seems no reason
if

why

they should not succeed in our Orchid houses,

only the conditions under which they grow in a wild state are borne

in

mind, and imitated so far as their essentials are concerned.

Ed/

LvELIA EYERMANIANA.
A
there
writer in the Gardeners' Chronicle for
is

November 18th

(p.

628) asks

if

any good reason why the plant called Laelia Eyermaniana, by Reichenbach, in 1888, and supposed by him to be a natural hybrid between L.
majalis and L. autumnalis, should not be called simply L. furfuracea
?

We

answer, yes

The two

plants are quite distinct, and ought not to have

is

been confounded.

L. furfuracea

much

dwarfer in stature, and the short

It

scapes bear one or very rarely two flowers.

has broad, ovate-elliptical,

lip

nearly sessile, acute petals, and acute sepals, while the keels of the

are

covered with a dense white mealiness, not seen in

its

allies.

L. Eyer-

maniana has
in colour, less

tall

scapes with numerous flowers, which are usually lighter

acute sepals, and blunt, rhomboid petals, which are attenuated

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

The two
little

towards the base.

there seems to be

are

quite different

in

general aspect.

But
is

grounds for the suggestion that L. Eyermaniana

larger and the

a hybrid, and
flower
it

still

less for the suggested parentage.

it is

In the shape of the

approaches L. albida, though

It

colour
is

is

light

rosy purple.

appears to be a good species.

L. Marriottiana

synony-

mous with

it.

L^ELIA
This
is

FURFURACEA VAR. ASHWORTHI/E.

a large and brightly coloured variety of Ladia furfuracea, which

has flowered in the collection of E. Ashworth, Esq., Harefield Hall, Wilmslow, Cheshire, and for
sepals, petals,

which the above name has been proposed.

The

being paler,
mealiness.

and front lobe of the lip are bright rose-purple, the basal part and the keels, as usual in this species, covered with a white
petals are

two inches long, and one and a quarter inches broad. It has the small bulbs, leaves, and short, one-flowered scapes of L. furfuracea, of which it is an unusually well-developed form. Although
introduced to cultivation as long ago as 1838, L. furfuracea seems to have

The

always been a rare plant

cultivate,

in gardens.

It

has also proved rather

in

difficult to

though

it

will

succeed

if

grown

well-drained pans and susis

pended near the glass in the cool house. This the plant grows at an elevation of 7,500 to 8,500
of Oaxaca, Santa Barbara,

an important point,

as-

feet in

the neighbourhood
localities in
is

San Juan

del Estado,

and other

Mexico, but invariably at a very high elevation, where the climate essentially a temperate one. It requires a light airy position, and

an,

abundance of water during active growth.

PLEIONE MACULATA ALBA.

an albino of a very charming little plant, of which a good specimen, with numerous flowers, was exhibited by G. W. LawSchofield, Esq., of New Hall Hey, Rawtenstall, Manchester, at the Drill Hall, on November 14th last, when it received an Award of Merit. It differs from the type in having lost the deep purple markings on the lip, leaving the flower white with a lemon-coloured disc. There remain, however, a few faint purple lines on the sides of the throat, if the
is

This

forms a very pretty contrast with the typical form. Yellow seems to be a very persistent colour, as compared with the various shades of purple and crimson, for there are
It

flower

is

closely examined.

many

other albinos

in

which the yellow

present variety
is

disc

remains,

notably in

the

various Cattleyas.

The

very rare.

THE ORCHID RE VIE

CYPRIPEDIUM MASTERSIANUM.
The
subject of our fourth figure
in
is

a very rare species which

was described
Materials for
of Chelsea,

by Reichenbach,

1879,

as

a plant of Sundaic origin.

description were supplied by Messrs.

James Veitch and Sons,

It
is

who

state that

they received the plant from the Royal Gardens,

to

Kew

and here the record seems

Rchb.
though
f.,

be

lost.

allied to

C.

Bullenianum,

the staminode especially being almost identical in shape and size,

in

other respects they

are

quite

distinct.
;

The

leaves

of

C.

Mastersianum are very obscurely tessellated

the dorsal sepal

much broader

and the petals more spreading and less narrowed at the base. C. Hookers: is readily distinguished from both by its far larger staminode, and other characters. C. Mastersianum has a green dorsal and a broad yellowish white margin brownish red petals, which are spotted with black on the lower half of the superior margin and a light brownish red lip, which is spotted with dull purple on the side lobes; and a light green staminode with darker
;
;

sepal, obscurely veined at the base,

centre.

It

is

now known

to be a native

of Java,
it.

from whence Messrs.

figure is reproduced

Hugh Low and

Co., of Clapton,

have imported

Our

,8

THE ORCHID REVIEW

G
in

from a photograph taken by Mr.

about three-fourths natural size.
Cypriped
lib.
f.

I'Anson, of

Gard. Chron.,

ORCHID HYBRIDISATION.
am Review
I

extremely pleased to see in last month's

that you intend publishing
all

number

of

The Orchid

practical details that

you can gather

trust that your

orchid cross fertilising and hybridisation, so that your readers relative to

may learn how to hope that those

may
be realised.

proceed to operate successfully

readers of your magazine

and

who

gather experience in their

varied attempts will communicate to you the results of their observationsI

have every reason to believe that

erroneous conclusions

this

want

of

knowledge
inti-

sometimes gives

rise to

for

instance, you have

mated in a former number (p. 17) that it is not possible to cross-fertilise Dendrobium fimbriatum oculatum with another species. My own experience enables me to combat this theory. Some few years back I successfully
obtained four or five fine seed-pods, which,

when

fully ripened,

produced good
a
of

and apparently fertile seed, when viewed through the microscope, from plant of Dendrobium fimbriatum oculatum crossed with the pollen

Dendrobium primulinum giganteum. Again, I now have ripening on a plant of Dendrobium nobile two fine seed-pods from flowers fertilised with the pollen of Dendrobium fimbriatum oculatum. But although these two
attempts have been successful, I had numberless failures when trying to obtain the same result. I found out, however, in the course of my many experiments, that certain conditions were necessary to ensure a good result,
the principal one being that the plant should not be shaded in any way, and

the fertilised flowers not too exposed to a burning sun. Again, the temperature should not be a low one, or the atmosphere a moist one, as many of

caused by the damping or turning yellow of the young seed-pod, owing to excess of moisture. When the seed " sets " the
plant must be watered constantly and sparingly constantly in order to cause the pod to swell, and sparingly to avoid excess of moisture from rapid

my

failures were, I found,

evaporation at the base of the plant.

My

deductions, therefore, are that for

Dendrobium crossing

certain things are absolutely

necessary sunlight,

dry atmosphere, and heat.

Some time ago you

suggested that an interesting result might be obtained

by crossing the Chimaera section of Masdevallia with that containing Harryana, Lindeni, etc. I have effected that. I have obtained seed-pod

and seed from M. Harryana crossed with M. bella, and from M. Lindeni crossed with M. Houtteana, but try as I may I cannot obtain any seed-pods
the reverse

way

i.e.,

with species of the M. Chimaera group as seed parent.

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

Again, some people assert that
it

19

is

impossible to cross Selenipediums

with Cypripediums.

I,

however, have seedlings making sturdy growth of

callosum crossed with Selenipedium caudatum. Whether I Cypripedium One thing, however, could obtain the reverse cross is another question. which the above teaches me is, that if different species will not cross one
way, they often
is still

may

blend of the two " bloods the reverse one, and thus a

"

obtained.

people entertain the idea that Selenipedium x Sedeni is I believe some not fertile, either as pollen or seed parent, and yet I fancy that a new hybrid was recently exhibited which had Selenipedium X Sedeni as Selenipedium

one of

its

parents
is

There

no doubt whatever that the

field for

observation of the proper

aspect of the plant in the house, atmosphere, best season, temperature, and pollen parents, is an extensive one, and offers a most species for seed
fascinating and interesting occupation to the horticulturist
in the front

who wishes

to be

rank of successful hybridisers.

Stanley G. Lutwyche.

Eden Park, Beckenham.

Dsndrobium fimbriatum oculatum with D. The success in crossing primulinum is interesting, and we hope that on a future occasion seedlings But we merely recorded the failure at Burford successfully raised. may be
without stating, or even thinking,

have no record of whether it was also used as the pollen parent. Many years ago Messrs. Veitch effected a cross between Cypripedium barbatum and Selenipedium
it

impossible.

We

the seedlings appear to be intermediate in character. Long caudatum, and their full development, but cannot be induced to flower, ago they reached

have been tried to induce them to do so. Selenipethough various plans Sedeni is one parent of the beautiful S. x Schrcederse, and of dium X some four or five others, as we shall presently show. Ed.
<

CALANTHE

VEITCHII AS A WILD PLANT.

x Veitchii flowered for the first time in December, The beautiful Calanthe Mr. Dominy, by crossing C. rosea (then 1S59, having been obtained by These two plants grow of C. vestita. called Limatodes) with the pollen
a most interesting matter to note that after together in Burmah, and it is hybrid should have been detected in a wild a lapse of over thirty years the Mr. Boxall, who observed a plant growing state. The discovery is due to
question, which he felt certain was a together with the two species in consequently he secured it and brought it natural hybrid between them
;

home.

flowered in the establishment of Messrs. It

is

Hugh Low and

Co., of

Clapton, in January, 1893, and

so nearly identical with the artificially

2o

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

common
is

raised one as to leave no doubt of their

is

origin.

The one

difference

that the wild plant has a crimson-purple eye, something like C. vestita
well known, has a white eye.
identical,

rubro-oculata, while the garden plant, as

In other respects, shape,

but the wild
distinguish
it.

size,

and colour, the two are practically

in

plant

might be called C. x Veitchii oculata,

order to

That Calanthe x Veitchii should occur as a natural hybrid is a very interesting matter, and the wonder is that it was not detected before. It must, however, be remembered that the parent species are so easily propagated in gardens that they are not often imported, and it may
k

be very rare in a wild state.

DO CYPRIPEDIUMS SPORT?
This question is raised in a recent number of the Gardeners Chronicle by " P. W." (1893, ii. p. 753), who mentions a plant of Cypripedium X
Dauthieri,

The

Albino, in the collection of

R. H. Measures, Esq., The

Woodlands, Streatham, which is continually varying. It is described as bearing the same relation to C. x Dauthieri that C. insigne Sanderas bears
to ordinary insigne.
will be C.
It

appears that at one season of flowering this plant

x Dauthieri pure and simple, while at another it will revert to Its origin does not its original character, and become an albino again. appear to be known, but is apparently very near, if not identical with C. x
Dauthieri var.

Poggio Gherardo, N. E.
of

Br.,

which originally appeared

Gherardo,
Florence,

in

the

collection

H.

J.

Ross,

Esq.,

Poggio

Italy, as a sport

from C.
It

Dauthieri, but which Mr. Ross, in a letter

just

received,

accompanied by a flower, states

has kept true for

five

successive years.

may

be briefly described as a light green variety,

with a slight bronzy tint on the outer half of the petals, and remarkably
different

from the ordinary form.

f.

the variety Rossianum, Rchb.

flowers are irregularly striped
lip,

X Dauthieri is curiously sportive, for (syn. marmoratum, HorL), in which the

little

and banded with purple brown, even on the

previously, in this collection.
half yellow, half

appeared about the same time, or a

third

Mr. Ross has also a

Harlequin-coloured sport,

chestnut, which he has called variety Janet Ross. This, too, seen, and it is like nothing else among Cypripediums. This

we have
sportive

character of C.

x Dauthieri

is

very curious, seeing that

it

it

has the same

parentage as C. x Harrisianum, of which coloured variety. Sports may be expected

may be considered a lightamong some of the hybrids of much mixed parentage which are now being raised. The following are references to the forms mentioned above :
Cypripedium X Dauthieri,
var.

Rossianum, Rchb.

f.

in

Card, C/iron., 1888,

i.

p.

425

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

tl

THE HYBRIDIST.
L.ELIO-CATTLEYA X EUMCEA.

Various attempts have been made to cross the Mexican Laelias with the South American Cattleyas, but for a long time without result. At length

we have a
hybrid,

55uccess to record.

Messrs. Veitch succeeded

in crossing
is

Cattleya

Trianse with the pollen of Laelia majalis, and the result

seen in the present

which was exhibited

last.

at a

meeting of the Royal Horticultural Society

It is

on October 24th

We have

now received

the flower from Messrs. Veitch.

it

smaller than

that of the Cattleya parent, but

has the same general shape.

The

sepals

and petals are clear

light rosy

mauve, also the

side lobes of the lip, while the

front lobe of the lip is rosy crimson, with a few small longitudinal purple-

crimson blotches on the nerves in front of the

large obcordate, pale lemon-yellow blotch,

disc.

The

throat contains a

which passes
is

into buff-yellow along

the disc.
colour.

The
It is

influence of the Laslia parent

seen in the modified shape and

very pretty, but apparently not yet fully developed.

L.ELIO-CATTLEYA X STATTERIANA.
This
is

a very

handsome hybrid
is like

raised in the establishment of Messrs.

James Veitch and Sons,

labiata .

of Chelsea,

The

flower

from Lselia Perrinii % and Cattleya a much enlarged and improved edition of the

former, the sepals and especially the petals being

influence of the Cattleya parent.
Perrinii,

much

broader, owing to the

in Laelia

The

lip is larger

and broader than

but almost identical in colour.

The

large white throat forms a

most

effective contrast

with the bright purple front lobe and the somewhat

It is

lighter-coloured
Perrinii, with
It

sepals and petals.

it

a great improvement on Laelia

lip.

which
last.

can best be compared, owing to the character of the

received a First-class Certificate from the Royal Horticultural Society on

November 14th

L.ELIO-CATTLEYA X PALLAS.
Lselio-cattleya

x Pallas
It

is

a very

handsome

hybrid, for which Messrs.

Veitch received a First-class Certificate from the Royal Horticultural Society

on December 10th, 1SS9.

was derived from Laelia crispa ? and Cattleya Dowiana f. On November 14th last, the same firm exhibited the plant again, which now with increased strength shows decided improvement. It is a great beauty. The plant bore a raceme of three massive flowers. The sepals and petals are very pale yellow suffused and mottled with light blushpink, the latter being long, falcately curved, and crispo-undulate. The lip is

long, beautifully crispo-undulate,

C.

Dowiana

in the latter

and very richly coloured. respect, but the crisped margin

It

approaches

is lilac,

and the

22

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

In the colour of the
especially the
it

yellow veins are confined to a small area near the base.

petals
recalls certain light forms of Cattleya

x Hardyana,

one called Massaiana.

Masdevallia x Doris.
Captain Hincks, of Terrace House, Richmond, Yorkshire, has now added The to his already numerous successes with this interesting genus. present one is his second seedling from M. triangularis, the pollen parent
being M. racemosa Crossii.
a living flower of the pretty

We
little
it

have received a photograph, together with

plant.
It

combines well the characters

is

ot

the two parents.

In habit

is

about intermediate, but the scape

not

much
flower

longer than the leaves, and, at present, one-flowered.

is

In shape the
half an inch

most

like that of the seed parent, as the perianth is

in length,
is

broad and the same

while the lobes and tails each measure half

an inch.

The

colour

light orange-red, slightly

puberalous with minute

iridescent violet hairs, slightly darker

on the nerves.
lip

The

petals are white,

with a small brown spot at the base, and the

white, minutely spotted

tip.
is

with brownish violet, and with a brown keel-like cushion at the

distinct

It is a

and elegant

little

plant,

and
in

will probably

improve,

it

only

weak

at present.

The

seed was

sown

August, 1890.

second scape has since

been produced, which bore two flowers.

Cypripedium x Allanianum.
This new and distinct hybrid was raised in the United States Nurseries, at Short Hills, New Jersey, between Cypripedium Spicerianum % and C.
Curtisii
<J.

The

leaves are broad and short, tessellated with

green,
size,

the peduncle about six

five

two shades of inches high, and the flower of enormous

measuring nearly

inches across the petals.

The

dorsal sepal

is

broadly rounded, somewhat recurved at the base, and infolded at the apex
the lower half of a greenish colour, through which extend lines of darker
green, the

mid nerve purple and the upper half white.

The

petals are broad

and spreading, very hairy on the edges, yellowish green

at the base,

shaded

with darker green, and spotted with minute purple spots towards the apex.

The

lip is

very large, longish, and with a wide opening, the colour greenish

brown, shaded and lined with

much

darker green.

The staminode

is

large,

roundish, and of a beautiful lilac colour.

It is well

intermediate between

the parents, the lip being most like C. Curtisii, while the dorsal sepal and

staminode rather approach C. Spicerianum.

It is
of

named

in

honour

of

Mr.

David Allan,

of Boston, Mass.,

an ardent lover

Cypripediums.

Cypripedium x Eyermamanum var. Hermione.

Another form
of

Cypripedium x Eyermanianum has appeared,

this

time

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

in the collection of

23
It

Reginald Young, Esq., of Sefton Park, Liverpool.

was
is

and C. barbatum Warned $. The scape dwarfer than usual, being about six inches high, and the flower brightly
raised from C. Spicerianum %

coloured, with

by Mr.

J.

more white than usual on the dorsal sepal. O'Brien as C. x Hermione in the Gardeners

It is

described

Chronicle,

Dec.

2nd, 1893, p. 682.

CALENDAR OF OPERATIONS FOR JANUARY.

The
writing of the Calendar of Operations for the ensuing year
I
is

an honour

which

accepted with some reluctance, being fully conscious of

inabilities in

On the other hand, however, it pleasure to be able to do all in my power for the present and future welfare of the aristocratic Orchid, as I am always ready and ever anxious to do. I therefore enter on the pleasurable task of stating my experiences to the
Orchid culture.
readers of this valuable journal, trusting they will receive

my own gives me

them with

the

kind consideration which

my humble
me

efforts will require.

In the
that

first

place allow

to congratulate the

Orchid-growing public

we have

at length a periodical devoted entirely to the plants

all

we

love,

and to express the hope that

will

growers, whether amateur or professional,

from time

to

time send such valuable information as they

;

may deem
and and which

important to the welfare of Orchids generally

for

each giving the other credit

to foster

knowing

"

something "

and each therefore doing something

strengthen the mutual and progressive feeling already existing,

must necessarily exist if the general success of Orchid, culture is to be The amateur can often teach the professional something, and assured.
In

commencing my Calendar,

feel

compelled to reiterate
I feel

much

of

what
be

was

said by

my

predecessor last month, as

light,
air,

that the importance of

such valuable agents as

warmth, and

moisture,

cannot

impressed too often upon the minds of new beginners.

Of course old and experienced growers have already learnt their great value, and the importance of utilising them to the fullest extent, yet with discretion, well knowing the bad results which follow if any of them are abused.
I

feel

that

new

beginners, however,

who perhaps do

not

know

the

character of the plants, are sometimes indifferent to the value of paying

strict

attention to these details, and

it

frequently happens that

Orchids

themselves are the chief culprits, for thus misguiding their would-be cultivator. It happens in this way. The beginning is mostly made (or should
be) with strong, healthy,
is

newly imported, or semi-established plants, and

it

known that many of these, such as Cattleyas, Dendrobiurns, Oncidiums, and some others, grow freely at first when subjected to almost any
well

24

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

living, as
it

treatment;
vigour
is

were, upon themselves.

When
of little

this extraordinary

observed, the beginner

may

be excused for coming to the concluis

sion that so

much

talk about air, light, etc.,

moment, though

sooner or later comes the time of reckoning.

their native stamina, with

The

plants having used up

health, and are of but

little

no opportunity to replenish it, fall into failing The grower then may say that further service.
cultivation,

Orchids

deteriorate

under

and
well

discontinue

to

grow them,

thinking, of course, that no fault could be attributed to the conditions,

because once they grew so well.

It

is

known, however, that but

it

few Orchids deteriorate under favourable conditions. Light is an important factor. A plant well exposed when

is

making

become drawn and make weak pseudobulbs. On the contrary, it will be sturdy and robust, of about the same proportions as growth formed in its native habitat. Often it has a rich ruddy colour, which is health plainly written. Having thus brought the growth to perfection,
growth
will not
let

us not suppose our duties end here, and allow any position to do for the

plant
light

during the dark days of winter.

during

One

position

may

give

enough

summer

but insufficient during winter, in

it

which case the

its

plant loses the vitality

is

has acquired, to regain which a considerable time

occupied during the following spring before the plant can assume

natural functions, which often

is

makes

it

late in the

autumn

before growth

when the plant is in active growth. In contemplating the building of new Orchid houses, let light and simplicity of structure be the object in view while those who grow Orchids in houses built at a period when the value of light was not so
completed.

Light

is of

equal importance during rest as

known, should endeavour to rectify the evil by raising the stages during the winter, or resorting to any method which best presents itself to them,
well
so that the plants

may

get the full benefit of the light.

Air is another valuable agent, which all good growers allow to assist them in every possible manner. The value of air to build up strong constitutions in the plants cannot be over-estimated.
best

Any

reflection as to the

means to procure a circulation of pure thereon, amply repays the cultivator. The
principles, or those of a

fresh air, or

work expended
air,

application of

however,
scientific

depends not so much upon whether the ventilators are on the most
easily be defeated
if

more remote pattern, for their aim and object may managed by incompetent hands, without thought or
one of the greatest
difficulties

system.

Inefficient ventilation is often

an

Orchid grower has to contend against when leaving his plants for a period to those under him. The facts to bear in mind are, that a continual circulation of fresh air both day

and night

is

advisable

that rarely

two successive

days admit of

manner; that cold direct draughts must be avoided and that the atmosphere must remain moist and genial. With simple intelligence, a method is soon hit upon, and it is
its
;

being applied in the same

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

leeward
side,

25

usually done by well noting the outside conditions, and ventilating on the
the top or the bottom, or through the open doors, as
I

may

be

most advisable.

would advise

also that the air having been once admitted,

should be allowed free circulation round the plants, which can be secured by

having open wood-work stages, and these well up to the

moisture-retaining

light.

Any

other

air-obstructing obstacle in the way, other than closed stages with

some

material

on them, should

be

conspicuous

by their

absence.

Warmth
bad
results.

and Moisture, again, may be used and followed by good or If healthy Orchids are desired, not only should the thermois is

meter indicate the right temperature within a degree or two, but, what equal importance, care should be taken to see that the atmosphere

of
of

a genial nature, from which the plants can best draw support and thrive.

dry fiery heat

is

good

to

no plant, nor

is

that close, moist, mildew-pro-

ducing warmth which can be had by keeping the ventilators closed in order With too great an amount of warmth and moisture fungoid to save fuel. growths in their many forms are produced, while, on the other hand,
noxious insects and general debility follow in the train of the other extreme. Aim at the right temperature, and endeavour to maintain it evenly balanced

with moisture and

houses, brings to

air.

The

winter, however, together with

difficulties,

unsuitable

many

gardeners great
hot-water

but difficulties must be

surmounted, and where there's a

In case
of insufficient

will there's a

way.

pipes,

which require

to

be be

made
used

very hot to keep up the temperature,

a thick

covering should

outside on the roof of the house, so that less

suffice.
I

warmth

in

the pipes will

have occasionally

left

the house so covered a whole day in very

it

tempestuous and cold weather, finding

from cold or excessive
it is

better for the plants than to suffer

fire heat.

It is best to

have enough pipes, so that

not necessary to

make them
is

too hot.

A
pipes,
is

nice moist atmosphere

generated by placing over the hot-water

tiles,

and about

six inches

above them, a row of slates or

on which

placed from time to time a few undecayed leaves, which, together with
off

the floors and side walls, syringed once a day, will generally give

enough

moisture for this time of year.

The temperatures for glossum house Day, 50

this

month should be
,

as follows
;

: The Odonto.

The Morning, 45 to 58 Mexican houses Day, 58 to 65, with sun Cattleya, Intermediate, or or East Indian house Day, 65 to The warm Night, 58 ; Morning, 53 Morning, 6o. 70 with sun Night, 65 must be done at all seasons with Watering is an operation which
with sun
;

Night, 50

intelligence,

and

especially so at this

time of the year.

are resting should receive enough only to

shrivelling, and those which are growing

Those plants which keep them healthy and from

require

will

but

little

at

this

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

:

well

think

it

is
it,

a bad system to be afraid to repot valuable Orchids

when

they require

and

it

comes round. Many which takes years to re-establish, through allowing the compost to get into a decomposed state. It is also bad to be continually disturbing the roots of
done thoroughly well, the compost should last for two years, sometimes three, in good condition. Very little repotting, however, is needed this month, but a good supply of sphagnum moss and
potting
is

promptly done when the proper season a valuable Orchid has got into a bad state of health,
should
be"

Orchids.

When

best fibrous peat should be got at hand, and prepared in readiness for use,

as the season

is

close at hand,

and then but

little

time can be spared.

Pleiones are best repotted directly after they have finished flowering; therefore if P. lagenaria or P. maculata are not already done, they should

employing a mixture of fibrous loam and peat in equal proportions, adding a little leaf soil and coarse silver sand. Steady the pseudobulbs upon the surface with neat wooden pegs, surfacing the compost between the pseudobulbs with a layer of sphagnum moss. Keep
in

be taken

hand

at once,

them

just moist only at the root,

and suspend the pans

in a light, cool house.

When

further advanced, and strongly rooted, Pleiones delight in a liberal

;

supply of water

they grow very well in a very light position

is

in the cool

house, but perhaps the intermediate house

preferable.

Odontoglossum crispum, O. luteopurpureum, O. triumphans, and other allied species, if in good condition and thriving, will be producing flower spikes, which must be protected against slugs and thrips. Fowler's tobacco powder is the best to use where thrips are troublesome, and a pinch taken

and dusted down the new growths or on the flower spikes

dislodges thrips,

effectually

without causing injury to the plants; neither do slugs care to travel over tobacco powder. Odontoglossum crispum sometimes

gives trouble, and refuses to

become strong under the kindest of treatment. Under such circumstances do not allow them to linger on. If it is thought
is

that root action

this early

faulty,
If

have no hesitation
is

in repotting the

whole, even in

month.

the ventilation
if

at fault, give

more

air at the

bottom,
position

and have open wood-work stages, of the house may not be suitable.

these do not already exist.

The

Try another,

as

Odontoglossums are too

lovely to linger in the back ground.

Prominent amongst the flowering Orchids

in this

month

will be

Lalia

anceps, which, like other subjects of the Mexican house, delights in a wellventilated, bracing atmosphere. Cattleya Percivaliana and C. Trianae are

coming on apace, and should be placed at the warmest end of the Cattleya house, and great and sudden fluctuations of temperature avoided, or the
flower buds a
large

may

turn yellow and

fail

to appear, or
will

may

be deformed to
the next few

extent.

The

beautiful

Dendrobiums

also for


THE ORCHID REVIEW.
months make a great show,
been rested cool
these plants
ture,
;

27

especially those

which delight

to be

and have

and

further reiterate

my predecessor's remarks respecting

during the time the flowers are
or turn to growths.

namely, to avoid excitement, either by an over warm tempera-

or over
to

coming

much water at the roots, maturity, or many may drop off

ORCHID PORTRAITS.
BOTANICAL MAGAZINE.
Eria meirax, N. E.
Br.

very singular
It is

little

Orchid, discovered by the

Rev. Mr. Parish in the Moulmein Hills.

extremely dwarf, with depressed

globose pseudobulbs, and a pair of small oblong leaves, which die away
before the sessile purple-brown solitary flowers appear.
It flourishes

on a

block in the tropical house.

It

belongs to the section Porpax. t. 7329.

Eulophia Zeyheri, Hook. f. A native of S.E. Africa, which flowered with H.J. Elwes, Esq., of Colesbourne, Andoversford, Gloucestershire, in April last. The flowers are large, light yellow, with purple-brown side lobes to the lip and some brown on the hairy crest. It is allied to E.
ensata, Lindl. t. 7330.

GARDENERS' CHRONICLE.
Stanhopea Lowii,
Cauca,
Rolfe.

remarkable species introduced from the

New

Grenada, by Messrs.

Hugh Low and

S.

Co.

It

was
is

figured and

described at p. 177 of our last volume.

variety of the

Amesiana, Hort.,

probably a

same. Dec. 2nd, 1893, pp. 688, 689, fig. 107. Cattle ya Walkeriaxa, Lindl., var. nobilior. A very
is

fine variety,

which

excessively rare in gardens and rather difficult to cultivate suc-

cessfully for

any length
it

of time.

In the collection of Lord Rothschild, at

Hill.

Tring Park,
plants are

has been successfully grown for years by Mr.

The

grown in pots, which stand on a ledge of brickwork at the end of the house where Vanda teres is grown, and close to the glass end of the house, where they have plenty of light. Each year they increase in size, and the pseudobulbs, old and young, are stout and plump, and they flower Dec. 9th, freely. Lselia crispilabia thrives under the same treatment.

l8 93> PP- 7*2> 7*3,

rig-

iS-

Lycaste x Imschootiana, Hort.

Dec. 23rd,
p. 775, fig. 119.

(See p. 8 of our present issue.)

GARDENERS' MAGAZINE.
Cvpripedium x Fairieano-Lawrenceanum.
p.

This was described

at

307 of our last volume. A plant bearing a two-flowered scape was exhibited by T. Statter, Esq., at a meeting of the Royal Horticultural Society on

November 28th

last,

and received an Award

of Merit.

We

do not know

if

28
it

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

is

from the same source as Mr. Measures' plant.

fig.

Dec.

2nd, p.

with

JOURNAL OF HORTICULTURE.
L^lia anceps Amesiana.
Lycaste x
L.elia X Finckeniana.
1893, pp. 549, 557,
fig.

Dec. 7th, 505, Imschootiana. Dec. 21st, 1893,

p.

fig. 73.

p.

549,

fig.

79.

(See p. 9 of our present issue.)

Dec.

80.

CONTINENTAL NOTES.
By Ch. de Bosschere.

At

December monthly meeting at Ghent M. Jules Hye exhibited a very beautiful hybrid, Cypripedium x fascinator, derived from C. Spicerianum $
the

and C. hirsutissimum

$,

which received a

Certificate of Merit

by acclamation.
This

The

dorsal sepal most resembles C. Spicerianum, and the petals C. hirsutislike the

simum, both, however, being modified,

rest of the flower.

Orchidist also exhibited a beautiful Laslia Gouldiana.

The Orchideene
10th, at

of Brussels held a

most successful meeting on December

part.

which fourteen exhibitors took

magnificent inflorescence

of Cattleya labiata with six flowers

was sent from the collection of His Majesty King Leopold II., by Mr. H. Knight, for which a First-class Cultural Certificate was awarded. M. Alfred Van Imschoot obtained a First-class Diploma of Honour for Lycaste X Imschootiana, said to have

been derived from Lycaste Skinneri and Maxillaria nigrescens $. Lycaste Lucianiana from the same exhibitor also received a similar reward. It is
allied to L. lasioglossa,

but has flowers minutely spotted with rose on a light

ground.

award was made to Lselio-cattleya x Stchegoleffiana, Cypripedium a supposed natural hybrid, exhibited by Messrs. Linden. Parishii x Lowii, from Messrs. Linden, and C. x villoso-Harrisianum, Maxillaria sp. and from M. Pourbaix also received the same award.
similar

Catasetum tabulare
Certificates.

var. virens,

from Messrs. Linden, received Botanical

obtained the award of a First-class

Certificate of

Among the Orchids which Merit may be mentioned

Cattleya Warocqueana marginata

and C. W. flammea, from Dr. Van Cauwelaert; Odontoglossum crispum amplissimum, Cypripedium bellatulum magnificum, Stenia fimbriata, and a group of Cypripedium insigne montanum, from Messrs. Linden; Lycaste
Skinneri alba, Cypripedium x selligero-Harrisianum, Oncidium Phalsenopsis

and Restrepia striata, from M. A. Van Imschoot Odontoglossum tripudians, from M. de Lansberge; Cypripedium x selligerum, from M. Ch. Van
;

Wambeke;

and Odontoglossum crispum, from M. de Moerloose; Odontoglossum crispum maculatum, from M. le Comte de Bousies; and O. guttatum sulfureum, from M. M. Vevraet et Cie.
Cattleya
labiata

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

29

In one of the houses of M. A. A. Peeters, of Brussels, about twenty-five metres long, may be seen at the present time over 3,500 flowers of the
beautiful Cattleya labiata, one of
:

them nearly

as dark as C. Mossiae Peetersii.

Other good things in flower are the rare Odontoglossum crispum Peetersii, 0. sceptrum superbum, Cypripedium x Senator Montefiore, C. X Niobe, C. x vexillarium superbum, C. x Arthurianum, and others.

ORCHIDS AT THE

ROYAL HORTICULTURAL
SOCIETY.

By John Weathers.

The

display of Orchids at the Drill

Hall,

James

Street, Victoria Street,

Westminster, on November 28th, 1893, was

nevertheless highly interesting.

less extensive

than usual, but

W.

R. Lee,

Esq.,

F.R.H.S., Beech Lawn, Audenshaw, Manchester,

exhibited,

besides

Cypripedium x Leeanum

superbum, the pretty C. X

Mary Lee ;C. x Leeanum? x C. x Arthurianum^), which received an Award of Merit. Mrs. Haselfoot, Moor Hill, West End, Southampton (gr. Mr. N. Blandford), contributed

(C.

some fine spikes of Cattleya labiata. Messrs. H. Low and Co., Clapton, exhibited Cypripedium X Pluto x Boxalli % x C. x calophyllum t) and Selenipedium x Ainsworthii.
C.
J.

Lucas,

Esq.,

F.R.H.S.,

Warnham

Court,

Horsham

(gr.

Mr.
(gr.

Duncan), exhibited the rare and interesting Dendrobium D'Albertisii. Walter Cobb, Esq., F.R.H.S., Broadwater Down, Tunbridge Wells
C. x Sallieri^).

Mr. Howes), showed Cypripedium x Cobbianum (C. Lawrenceanum % x

was given to Cypripedium insigne illustre, shown by R. I. Measures, Esq., Cambridge Lodge, Camberwell (gr. Mr. H. Chapman). This is a distinct yellowish variety, with deep brown spots on sepals and petals.
of Merit

An Award

Messrs. F. Sander and Co., St. Albans, exhibited several hybrid Cypri-

pediums,
C.

among them
$),
).

being C. X Pryorianum (C. x

x Harrisianum
of Merit.

and C. x Lynchianum (C.

pretty Calanthe

Lathamianum % x Spicerianum $ x C. x

selligerum majus

The

x Victoria-Regina received an
(gr.

Award

Its flowers are light blush-pink.

Thos. Statter, Esq., F.R.H.S., Stand Hall, Whitefield, Manchester

Mr. Johnson), obtained a First-class Certificate for Laelia anceps Amesiana,

having white segments tipped with crimson, and a deep purple-crimson

lip.

Lawrenceanum $ x C. Fairieanum $) received an Award of Merit, and is much the way of a large C. X vexillarium. A plant named C. x Engelhardtse seemed to be a pale C. x Leeanum.
Cypripedium Fairieano-Lawrenceanum
(C.


30

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

A
spike of Cattleya Victoria-Regina

came from W. Thompson,

Mr.

Esq.,

F.R.H.S., Walton Grange, Stone,

Staffs, (gr.

W.

Stevens).

Mr. H. A. Tracey,
Cyperorchis Mastersii.

Amyand Park

Nurseries,

Twickenham, exhibited

Messrs. J. Veitch and Sons, King's Road, Chelsea, received an Award of Merit for Cypripedium x Minos (C. Spicerianum % X C. X Arthurianum $),

and a Botanical
ciliaris,

Certificate

for

the

remarkable
size

orange-red

Habenaria

a North American species.

Besides these were also shown Seleniin

and purity more and more Laelio-cattleya X Cornelia (L. pumila g x C. labiata $), and Catasetum Gnomus, which latter was given an Award of Merit under the erroneous
improves

pedium x Cleola

which

name of C. Darwinianum a rare and totally distinct species. An Award of Merit was granted to a beautiful hybrid Calanthe x
Upper Holloway.
Considering the season of the year, there was a remarkably
of

Mylesii

with creamy white flowers, shown by Messrs. B. S. Williams and Son,

fine display

Orchids at the Drill Hall on December 12th, 1893. E. Ashworth, Esq., Harefield Hall, Wilmslow, Cheshire, sent a specimen of the beautiful Laelia anceps Amesiana.

His Grace the Duke of Northumberland, Sion House, Isleworth (gr. Mr. Geo. Wythes), exhibited a splendid mass of cut Calanthes, for which a

Medal was awarded. An Award of Merit was granted to Cypripedium X Sallieri aureum, from the garden of J. F. Ebner, Esq., The Woodlands, Beckenham (gr. Mr.
Silver Banksian

A. Waite).

A
by C.

First-class Certificate

W.

was awarded to Laslia Finckeniana, exhibited Fincken, Esq., F.R.H.S., Hoyland Hall, Barnsley (gr. Mr. J.

Milburn).

The

plant bore six beautiful white flowers, with a deep purple

and had certainly improved since first shown and granted an Award of Merit on December 13th, 1892 (see p. 9 fig. 1). H. Hainworth, Esq., F.R.H.S., Kirton, St. John's Park, Blackheath,
stain on the lip,

exhibited a strong plant of the rare Cirrhopetalum ornatissimum, which had only been imported about twelve months. It was certificated on

October 24th, 1893. M. Jules Hye-Leysen, La Coupure, Ghent, exhibited a beautiful Cypripedium x fascinator (C. Spicerianum $ x C. hirsutissimum ), which received
a First-class Certificate.
It is

the reverse cross of C. x Ceres.

to Messrs. Linden, L'Horticulture

Silver Banksian

medal was awarded

Internationale, Brussels, for a choice collection.

An Award

of Merit

was

given to Lycaste x Imschootiana, a distinct plant with large flowers, having soft greenish brown sepals dotted with purple clear yellow petals with red spots at base, and a yellow lip with orange-red blotches at the base. A
;

Botanical Certificate was given to Lycaste Luciani, a large flowered species

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

3t

having pink speckled flesh-coloured sepals; whitish rose-spotted petals, and a rose and white lip with a hairy callus. Odontoglossum crispum

Thompsonae (named

in

compliment

to Mrs.

W. Thompson, Walton

Grange,
for

Stone, Staffordshire), received an

Award

of Merit,

and was remarkable

the large white flowers with regular blotches of deep red on the sepals.

Other
crispum
var.

noteworthy things

in

the

group were

the

fine

Odontoglossum
a

amplissimum,
2),

Laelio-cattleya x Stchegoleffiana,

supposed

natural hybrid (see p.

with finely shaped flower, Catasetum tabulare

Co., Clapton, received a Silver

virens and a good spike of the scarlet Cochlioda Noezliana.

Messrs.

Hugh Low and

in

Banksian medal

for a fine group,

which Cypripediums were conspicuous, among them being the new and highly-coloured C. x Smithii (C. Lawrenceanum % x C.
ciliolare ).

C.

J.

Lucas,

Esq.,

F.R.H.S.,

Warnham

Court,

Horsham

gr.

Mr.

Cypripedium x Warnhamense (C. Curtisii % x C. philippinense.?), which is close to C. x Clinkaberryanum, and received an Award of Merit. Plants were also shown of Comparettia macroplectron,

Duncan), exhibited

lwo

varieties,

Phaius maculatus, and Dendrobium infundibulum.

I.

From

the rich collection of R.

Measures, Esq., Cambridge Lodge,

Flodden Road, Camberwell (gr. Mr. H. Chapman), came a beautiful paleyellow form of Cypripedium venustum, called Measuresianum, which
received

an Award of Merit, and the remarkable Pleurothallis scapha, which obtained a Botanical Certificate.
Messrs. F. Sander and Co.,
St.

Albans, received a Silver Banksian medal

for

an attractive collection, in which varieties of Laelia anceps, such as Sanderiana, Percivaliana, Oweniana, Barkeriana, etc., were highly notice-

able.

An Award

of Merit

was given

to a

good specimen of Zygopetalum

rostratum.

In addition

may

be mentioned Aganisia ionoptera, Cypripedium

x Ridolfianum, C. X Masonianum, Lselia Gouldiana, L. x Crawshayana, and Chysis Oweniana. Baron Schroder, F.R.H.S., The Dell, near Staines (gr. Mr. H. Ballantine),

exhibited

fine

trusses
crispa ?

of

the
C.

deep-velvet

purple

lipped

Laelio-

cattleya

x Nysa

(L.

Warscewiczii $)
antherotes

First-class

Certificate,

while

Brassia

which received and a huge spike

C.

a
of

Cymbidium Tracy anum obtained a Botanical

Certificate

and a Cultural
i.

Commendation, respectively. Cypripedium insigne Sanderae, derianum, and C. X Galatea were also shown from the same

San-

collection.

Stand Hall, Whitefield, Manchester (gr. Mr. R. Johnson), exhibited an unnamed hybrid, obtained from Cypripedium villosum $ x C. x cenanthum superbum $).
Statter, Esq., F.R.H.S.,

Thomas

W.

Vanner,

Esq.,

F.R.H.S.,

Camden Wood,

Chislehurst
(S.

(gr.

Mr.
S.

Robbins),

exhibited

Selenipedium x pulchellum

x grande? x

Sedeni candidulum^), and C. x Io-Spicerianum.

32

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

Messrs. James Veitch and
Sons, King's Road,
Chelsea,

obtained

Banksian medal for a collection of good things. An Award of Merit was given to Cypripedium X (Enone (C. Hookerae % X C. superbiens^); and a Botanical Certificate signified the committee's opinion of the new Dendrobium glomeratum, with drooping clusters of deep shining The following were also shown again Cattleya X leuflowers. purple coglossa (C. Loddigesii? x C. x fausta^) C. X Pheidona (C. intermedia? x
Silver
:

C.

maxima
)

anum
and

Cypripedium x Thersites (C. x Sedeni $ x C. Lindley$), Dendrobium Stratiotes, Oncidium divaricatum, O. cheirophorum,
Bloomfield,
Sale,

a fine specimen of Sophronitis grandiflora.

M. Wells, Esq., F.R.H.S.,

Manchester
(gr.

(gr.

Mr.

Hinde), exhibited Laelio-cattleya X exoniensis. F. Wigan, Esq., F.R.H.S., Clare Lawn, East Sheen

Mr.

W. H.
to

Young), sent the distinct Cypripedium X Wiganianum supposed derived from C. X Harrisianum and C. X Ashburtoniae.

be

Messrs. B. S. Williams and Sons, Upper Holloway, received a Silver Banksian medal for a large collection, in which were many fine Cypri-

pediums, as well as the pure white Calanthe X Mylesii, Laelio-cattleya

Blesensis, Laelia anceps and varieties,

Oncidium obryzatum, and

others.

CORRESPONDENCE,

&c.

Appleton, Esq., Tyn-y-Coed, Hill Road, Weston-super-Mare, sends a flower of M. lutiful \ uriety of Dendrobium Phakenopsis, for which he received an Award of Merit The front half of the lip and upper half of the petals are bright last. ober 24th
t

of the flower

be referred to O. X deltocc U m flowers are light sulphur, spotted with chestnut, and the sepals lightly The gl The other flowers are Dendrobium superbiens and Bulbophyllum suffused with purple.
small hybrid

Odontog

sends an inflorescence of Esq., Hurst House, Midhurst, Susse: C Eastwick- Field, The pedicel in which the two flowe rs are curiously fused togethe: r. Odontoglossum jrande, to the peduncle and then to throughout its en er is united upper flower, and thus the two flowers are placed back to back at the the pedicel of the The other flower is Dendrobium bigibbu free. apex, all the par ts remaining r Holloway, X. Williams and Son, Victoria aind Paradise Ni Messrs. B. S. Cypripedium X Pitcherianum, Williams' 1 send a flower f
<.,
<

Also a flower of a hybrid between Phaius grandifolius a nd Calantha X handsome Veitchii, which agrees precisely with Phaic >-calanthe X Sedeniana van rosea {Orchid
hybri< 1

Powers Swanswell, Coventry, sends a large form of Mrs.

,

Laelia

anceps together with a

flower of L. a.

larkeriana.

P. 359, line 23, for P. 371, line P. 375, line

for

Cypripedium

ERRATA. C. D. X "M
rs.

Owen

"

read C.

" Mrs. G. D.

Cypripedium X " Chloni us" read C. X " Clonius." i 5, from bottom, for Cypripediur n X "Adriadne " read C. X " Ariadne."

TO LET.

THE ORCHID ALBUM

Comprising Coloured Figure- and Descriptions of

NEW, RARE, AND BEAUTIFUL ORCHIDACEOUS PLANTS

Conducted by ROBERT WARNER, F.L.S.. F.R.H.S.. Author ,,f Select Orchid; Plants;" BENJAMIN SAMUEL WILLIAMS, F.L.S., F.R.H.S., Author of Orchid Growers' Manual," &c. HENRY WILLIAMS. F.L.S.. F.R.H.S. WIU GOWER, F.R.H.S. and THOMAS MOORE, F.L.S, F.R.H.S. Coloured Figures by JOHN NUGENT FITCH. F.L.S. Dedicated bv permission to H.R.H. the Princess of Wales.

HUGH

Yolumes

I.

to X.

can be supplied, bound complete, with

gilt edges, price

6s.

<

B. S.

"WILLIAMS & SON,

N.

VICTORIA AND PARADISE NURSERIES,

UPPER HOLLOWAY, LONDON,

TO LET.

ORCHIDS
A SPECIALITY.
Messrs.

ORCHIDS!
ORCHIDS!!
ORCHIDS!!!
ESTABLISHED & IMPORTED.

Ckrlesworth,
INSPECTION CORDIALLY INVITED.

Shuttleworth&Co.
Heaton,
Have

BRADFORD,

HUGH LOW & Co.,

Upper Clapton,

a large and fine stock of establish*

INSPECTION INVITED.
Iv

LONDON.

>'
1

lame's

Orchid

Protector.
j

ORCHID
AZALEt WALKER
IXtt
<

.:."

E LT.

,*,.,.,.

& HALL.

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Contractor a
to

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weeks
Public Bui

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ROYAL POTTERIES,

To Her Majesty, H.R.H. the Prince of Wales, H.M. Government, Admiralty 1 Royal Hort. Soc. Royal Botanic Soc, Farks and
Patentees of the Duplex Upright Tubular Boilers.

WESTON-SUPER-MARE.

ORCHID HOUSES
A SPFXIALITY.

Erected for

W. M. APPLETON,

Esq.,

WESTON-SUPER-MARE.

FOR PRACTICAL AND EFFICIENT ERECTION OF

HORTICULTURAL BUILDINGS

HEATING APPARATUS.
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CRISPIN, F.R.H.S., & SONS,

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FEBRUARY.

1894.

THE

ORCHID REVIEW
Bn
3Uustratefc>

flDontbty Journal,

DEVOTED TO ORCHIDOLOGY.

Notes

53
var.

Odontoglossum crispum
Dies Orchidiame

Thomp54
35

Cypripedium x Io grandc Orchid Hybridisation

Novelties

(Fig.

Pleurothallis maculata, etc....

The Warnham Court

Collection

57
39

Scaphosepalum microdactylurr
Masdevallia pusilla Polystachya Buchanani

Cypripedium insigne Bohnhofianum...

Laelio-cattleya

x triophthalma
(Fig.
-,)

40 40
41

Cyrtopera papulosa

Cypripedium insigne Sandene

The Hybridist
Cypripedium x bellinum,
Laelio-cattleya
etc.

*..

42
4:

X leucoglossa hella... im X Tryanowskyanum,

pul-

43 4^

Cypripedium x Arthurianum

The

chellum, etc History of

(Parti.)

44 Orchid
Cultivation

Trichocentrum albiflorum ... Oncidium Sanderianum Sobralia pumila Cypripedium Poyntzianum... Calendar of Operations for Febn Orchid Portraits Continental Notes Orchids at the Royal Hortici
Society
...
"
,

44

Correspondence, etc

PRICE ONE SHILLING MONTHLY.

WEST.

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Editors invite short communications on interesting subjects, which written on one side of the paper only, also portraits etc., of rarities.

The The

ORCHID REVIEW

is

published regularly on the

first

of each

month.
should

All communications and Books for review, should be addressed : The Editor the Orchid Review, Lawn Crescent, Kew. and should be sent as early in the nth as possible. Advertisements and late news should be received not later than the 20th of the

WEST, NEWMAN, & Co., 54, Hatton Ga rden, London, E.C. IN COURSE OF PUBLICATION. Illustrated with Maps and numerous
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ORCHIDE^

JAMES VEITCH & SONS,

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ROAD, CHELSEA, S.W.

THE ORCHID
NOTES.
The show
of Orchids at the Drill Hall,

REVIEW.

Westminster, on January 10th

last,

was probably the best ever seen there at this particular season, no doubt owing to the mildness of the weather. Some seventy subjects passed before the Orchid Committee. The leading feature of the show was a splendid
group of white forms of L^elia anceps from Messrs. F. Sander and Co., of St. Albans, which bore about two hundred and twenty flowers on sixty
spikes.

particularly fine specimen of

to

by Mr. Perkins, gardener

the

Dendrobium x Cooksoi -as ex hibited ksoni Hon. W. F. Smith, M.P., Gre ilands,
pi; lants,
.

Henley-on-Thames,
did not

in

a miscellaneous collection of

a nd

th erefore

come under

the notice of the Orchid Committee,

its

The

plant

was

in

splendid health and carried hundreds of

beautiful flow

Dendrobium atroviolaceum. which was exhi ibitedbyMr. W. H. Young, Orchid grower to F. Wigan, Esq., Clare Lawr East Shee n, is a n,
rare

The

very distinct and beautiful species from

Certificate

New

Guinea,

for

Fin it-class
yea: rs ago,

was awarded.

The raceme

bore eight flowers s.

it

Foi ir

when

originally introduced by Messrs. Veitch,

was

or nly the .ught

worthy

of a Botanical Certificate.

The remarkable Mormodes Rolfeanum was

Lawrence,
Bart...

also exhibited by Sir

Burford, Dorking, and received a Botanical Cer The flowers are perhaps the largest in the genus, and of a peculi reddish purple shade.

The next meeting of the Royal Ho February 13th, when the Orchid Commit
twelve o'clock noon.

34

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

The October-November number of the Kew Bulletin, which appeared some time ago, contains a seventh decade of New Orchids described by Mr. Rolfe, nine of which are in cultivation. They are more particularly noticed
on another page.
Mr. Adolphus H. Kent, A.L.S., of Chelsea, has been awarded a Silver Medal by the Veitch Memorial Trustees for his valuable researches in connection with the Manuals of Orchidaceous Plants, and of Coniferse, published

by Messrs. James Veitch and Sons, of the Royal Exotic Nursery.

The

figure of Laelia

x Finckeniana published

in

our last issue has aroused

Flowers have been sent from three different collections which were thought to bear some resemblance to it, but all are white forms of L. anceps. The former is so different in the shape of the lip and
keels as to be unmistakable

a good deal of interest.

when once

seen.

have the pleasure to announce the marriage of Mr. H. G. Moon, the well-known artist of the Reichcnbachia, with Miss Sander, only daughter of Mr. F. Sander, of St. Albans. The employes at the nursery presented Miss

We

Sander with a handsome bronze-mounted clock, which bore the inscription, " Presented to Miss Sander on her marriage by the employes of F. Sander and Co., with hearty good wishes from all. Wednesday, January 17th,
1894."

Tne

bride carried a bouquet of white Orchids.

The

last part issued of the

Orchid

Album completes

the tenth volume,

and contains a general index to the whole work, which its use as a means of reference.

will greatly facilitate

The

Gardeners Chronicle for Janury 20th, in alluding to the pretty

little

Odontoglossum Krameri album in the collection of Walter Cobb, Esq., of Dulcote, Tunbridge Wells, speaks of one plant at Tring Park and another at Burford, " which probably enumerates the number in cultivation." There is also one at Kew, as pointed out at p. 200 of our last volume.

ODONTOGLOSSUM CRISPUM VAR. THOMPSONS.

Odontoglossum crispum are almost endless, and a large number of them have received distinctive names. O. crispum Thompsoniae is a form of great merit, for which Messrs. Linden, of Brussels, received an Award of Merit from the Royal Horticultural Society on
flowers are nicely spotted with purple, the petals very broad and beautifully undulated, and the sepals suffused with rosy
last.

The

varieties of the beautiful

November 14th

The
It

lilac

on the margin.
Esq.,

is

dedicated

to

Mrs. Thompson, wife of

W.

Thompson,
tion
it

Walton Grange, Stone,

Staffordshire, into

whose

collec-

has passed.

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

35

DIES ORCHIDIAN^E.
What
a

number
in

of interesting events in the Orchid world have followed

each other

rapid succession during the last few years.

The

rediscovery

which has quite transformed the aspect of our Orchid houses during the autumn months; the introduction in quantity of the superb Dendrobium Phalaenopsis, fortunately as amenable to cultivation as
it

of the long-sought Cattleya labiata,

is

beautiful;

and the discovery

of the three fine Cypripediums,

Rothschildianum, Chamberlainianum, and Charlesworthii, which have doubtless secured a permanent place in our collections. The advent of Cattleya
Victoria-Regina, C. Alexandra? and Lselia tenebrosa
tioned,

may

also be

men-

though the former has proved disappointing, owing to so many of the supposed plants proving to be something else. Cymbidium Tracyanum is

also a superb novelty,

whose

origin

is

a mystery, as only a single plant

is

known fit companion

Fairieanum.
popularity.
I

for the equally mysterious

and beautiful Cypripedium

It is

evident that Orchids are not yet past the zenith of their

confess to feeling a

little

disappointed in Cypripedium Chamberlainiait

num.

It is certainly distinct

enough, and very pretty, but does

"

quite bear

out what

was written about

.

it ?

Dorsal sepal yellowish white with six rosy-

purple lines,

petals beautifully spotted with crimson."

?

Why

no men-

Another description speaks of "numerous flowers coloured rosy-purple and white, in form not unlike those of C. spectabile," which suggests one of the Sedeni group. The racemes may bear from twelve to twenty flowers or even more on a raceme, but ap-

tion of green, or purple-brown

remember when a fine dried specimen of Masdevallia racemosa was exhibited at the Sale Rooms, its long racemes with a flower at every bract. Why will the plant persist in only producing them one or two at a time, in strict succession ? It would be far more imposing if the ingenious collector's idea were carried out in Nature. The moral of it all is, however, that a description should at least bear some resemblance
I

parently not at the same time.

to the plant.

it

Cattleya Alexandras has just been mentioned. The following note about " This is undoubtedly a distinct species of deserves to be reproduced
:

Cattleya, and while

some

of the forms are dull and unattractive in colour,

others

possess

all

the qualities of a first-rate garden Orchid."

This

is

interesting, as the writer formerly expressed very different views, first sus-

pecting
group.

it

to be C. Victoria-Regina,

It is

little

perplexing to

and then one of the worst of the guttata the ordinary layman when some botanist

describes a
to discredit

new
it.

plant possessing novel features, and

some one

else hastens

And

it

must be equally unsatisfactory

justice

to the introducer,

who
the

doubtless

greets

such tardy

with language

appropriate

to

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

Several interesting novelties have recently appeared from Peru.

The

brilliant scarlet

Cochlioda Noezliana was one of the

first,

but Stanhopea

Moliana, the very distinct Trichocentrum triquetrum, and Maxillaria striata,

all

afford evidence of a region

which has been

little

touched by collectors.

Odontoglossum prasstans, though collected here many years ago by Warscewicz, has very rarely been seen in gardens, while the brilliant Lycaste cinnabarina, also met with by the same collector, has only recently been introduced to cultivation. Other interesting things may be expected
from recent importations.

The

short spell of frost seems to have given place to thoroughly mild

weather, and with the gradually lengthening days, and the increase in the
sun's power,

many Orchids

are

showing signs

of

renewed

activity.

Odonto-

glossums

fairly bristle

with flower-spikes, and promise a profusion of their

exquisite blossoms

indeed
colour,

some

of the crispums

and Andersonianums are

already out.
latter!

What

a range of variation they present, more especially the

Form and

and the

size

and disposition of the spots, seem

to be the subject of endless caprice.

Several species of Phalaenopsis will soon be

of

making

a brave show,

some

them being well advanced, and a few already expanded. Fortunately we have not been much troubled with fogs up to the present. Cattleyas Percivaliana and Trianae are fast bursting their sheaths, and a few of the latter

already begin to brighten up the house.

Ccelogyne cristata and

its

varieties

are also pushing their spikes, and will soon be a

What

a brilliant effect

it

must produce
it
!

in its

mass of snowy whiteness. native home, where in certain

will

localities the rocks are

covered with
will

Dendrobiums
a

soon be a blaze

of colour,

and

for

weeks

furnish

succession

of bloom.

Phaius

Wallichii, Lycaste mesochlcena, various Cypripediums, and other plants, are

also pushing

up strongly, and weeks

It is
I

afford indications of the near

approach of

another brilliant season.

For the
anceps and

last six
its

have been revelling

in

an abundance of Lselia

numerous
!

varieties.

How

they do brighten up the house at

this dull period

curious to note

how numerous

the white varieties

have become during recent years, while formerly the coloured forms alone were obtainable. Schroederiana still seems to be the premier form, while Williamsii and Stella are both very good, the former being noticeable for its Sanderiana seems to be very variable, and some of the forms very purity.
good, though not equal to Dawsoni, the earliest

known

of the white forms.

The

discovery of this species in a

its

a great stimulus to
close,

cultivation.

and

it

would be interesting

new locality on the Pacific coast gave Some of the forms run each other very if next year some one would give us an
Argus.

outline of the principal variations.

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

37

THE WARNHAM COURT COLLECTION.

At
all

times of the year a

visit to

Warnham

Court, Horsham, the residence

of C. J. Lucas, Esq., affords the lover of Orchids very great pleasure, as not only are the more showy and gorgeous species and varieties well represented,

but the owner, and his head gardener, Mr. G. Duncan, take exceptional
interest in botanical beauties

and

curiosities, to

which considerable attention

There are seven houses entirely devoted to Orchids, several being of large dimensions, and well filled, both on roof and stage, with the plants best suited to each. Taking the collection throughout the plants are well cultivated generally, and reflect great credit on Mr. Duncan, who not only has charge of this extensive and valuable collection, but has heavy responsibilities in all

other branches of modern gardening.

is

In

one division there

a beautiful

display of deciduous Calanthes,

consisting of

many well-grown

plants of C. vestita lutea, C. vestita rubra,

and the hybrid

Veitchii.

Arranged with them were a quantity of wellbrilliant

flowered specimens of the old Cypripedium insigne, intermixed with various

Adiantums, the whole group giving the house quite a

at this dull season.

appearance

Dendrobiums are well represented here. Many plants at this period are showing well for bloom, and will soon make a fine display. One particularly fine specimen of D. aqueum, generally known as D. album, was especially
noticeable, having

made

thirteen splendid new-flowering stems, with over

two hundred flower buds.

Another equally well-grown plant, with an

D. x splendidissimum var. grandiflorum

abundance
(D.

of flowers showing, is

aureum x D. nobile). This beautiful Orchid is certainly one of the best Dendrobium hybrids yet raised; other crosses have been made with the same parents, which produced such pretty examples as D. x Ainsworthii and D. X Leechianum, but neither are equal to the first mentioned, owing
no doubt to the
fact that only the best varieties

were selected of each species

that formed the parents of this splendid acquisition.

An

exceptionally well-

bloomed plant

of

D. Findlayanum was standing out conspicuously among

it

the other inmates,

being one of the best cultivated plants of this species

we have

In the same house a handsome batch of the showy Australian Dendrobium bigibbum was making a grand show. Intermixed with these
seen.

were several well-grown plants of D. superbiens, their rich crimson-purple

flowers being

exceedingly attractive.

sanguineum, also D. Macraei, merianum, D. nobile var. nobilius, D. fimbriatum oculatum, the perpetual blooming D. x Rhodostoma, and many others, were particularly remarkable
for their strong healthy condition.

The beautiful Burmese D. alboD. Wardianum, D. crassinode, D. Bry-

Cypripediums are not general favourites

at

Warnham

Court, but several

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

noteworthy specimens may be found, including C. x Lathamianum, and a strong piece of the new C. Chamberlainianum which is now sending up
a fine spike.

Also several Selenipediums, as S. x grande, S. x Sedeni,

to the

and

its

pretty variety candidulum.

We

now come

house where the Phalaenopses are cultivated.

To

these plants special attention has been paid by Mr.

Duncan

for several years,

and now, by steady perseverance, he has found the treatment suitable for them, many at the present time being in luxuriant health. The plants are grown in teak baskets, suspended midway between the roof-glass and the This is covered with small shingle or gravel, in which many small stage.

growing

plants

root

freely,

as

Pilea
little

muscosa,

Pellionia

Daveauiana,

Panicums, and Cyrtodeiras.

of moisture,

These

plants throw off a certain

amount

which the overhanging plants seem to revel in, as may be seen by the healthy foliage and strong flower spikes. In the same house the varieties of Miltonia Roezlii are growing exceedingly well, making clean healthy growths, and quite free 'from those destructive pests, thrips, which so often attack and injure this tender
species.

Saccolabium bellinum, with two strong spikes, Angrsecum Sanderianum,

with three very fine spikes, A. pellucidum, A. bilobum, A.
exceptionally well done.
Ellisii,

the sweet-

smelling A. fastuosum, and A. Leonis, also the ivory-white A. sesquipedale,

are
all

Not

often do

we

see this section of Orchids

growing and producing their flower spikes with so much freedom. Sanderiana is also quite at home in this division.

Vanda

The

cooler or intermediate

of plants, too

numerous to prominent was a fine healthy specimen of Ccelogyne cristate hololeuca, which is no doubt one of the most beautiful of white Orchids known. Several plants were in bloom in this house, an Oncidium tigrinum, and Phaius maculatus. Also a pretty little Dendrobium, allied to D. Wattianum (Rchb. f.), which may be described as having a decided
resemblance to a small D. infundibulum. It would require too much space to refer to all the occupants of the Odontoglossum house, though a few may be mentioned as being in flower
at the time of our visit.

house contains a miscellaneous collection mention, but amongst which we noted as most

Oncidium cheirophorum, O. ornithorhynchum, O. lamelligerum, Masdevallia amabilis, M. Davisii, M. polysticta, and especially noticeable was a neat specimen of M. tovarensis with about forty spikes, the majority of them bearing three flowers on each, and on one
spike

we counted

four.

Several pans of the scarlet Sophronites grandiflora

roof,

were very

effective,

hanging from the

Odontoglossom crispum. These latter many are showing well for bloom.
Cattleyas and Lselias
are

will

among the white forms soon make a good display,

rare

of

as

extensively cultivated,

and superior

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

varieties
in
all

39

only

being admitted to the collection.

Cattleya

Trianae

will

probability soon

make

a fine

display, as the flower buds are fast

Laelia anceps

pushing up through the numerous sheaths.

Several splendid plants of Oncidium

and

its

many
on

white and rose-coloured varieties are well represented.

Lanceanum were growing

freely

the shady side of the house, no disease or spot of any kind being observable.

These plants have been here for some considerable time, and at present show no signs of exhaustion. Hopes are now entertained that this species
will continue to

conform to the rules of

artificial

treatment.

Here, too,

is

a large specimen of Platyclinis glumacea,

;

many

of the

pseudobulbs producing three growth from each Zygopetalum Mackayi, with five strong spikes fine plants of Epidendrum radicans, Coelogyne
;

Dayana, and Ansellia africana. One plant which stands pre-eminent the end of one house is Sobralia Lucasiana, a variety which we believe
Another house
is

at

to

being specially prepared at

Warnham

Court, under the

personal supervision of Mr. Duncan, for the cultivation of Odontoglossum crispum, for which, from its position and internal arrangements, a pros-

perous future

may

be anticipated for this delightful cool-growing Orchid.

BULBOPHYLLUM AURICOMUM.
This very graceful little Bulbophyllum is extremely rare in cultivation, consequently we are the more pleased to find that a good plant of it is now
flowering in the collection of

W. M.
its

Appleton, Esq., Tyn-y-Coed, Hill

it

Road, Weston-super-Mare, and, as that gentleman has well pointed out,

makes a very

pretty plant, with

eight or ten gracefully arching spikes of

It is a native of

highly fragrant flowers, especially at this dull season.

Burmah, and the Rev. C.

the Burmese, and that
their hair, as
it is

F. Parish states that

is

it

is

called Ta-zeen-ban by

it

a great favourite with the girls,

who

put

it

in

pleasantly fragrant, like

new-mown

hay.

raceme from

Mr. Appleton
colour,

is

nine inches long, and bears thirty-six flowers.

The
in the

sepals

are pure white, four to five lines long, the petals very small, and of the

same

and the

lip

bright yellow.

It

succeeds well on a block

warm

house, treated

like

a Cirrhopetalum.

The bulbs

are ovoid-oblong, about

three-quarters of an inch apart on a creeping rhizome, and

of oblong

bear a pair

leaves,

flowering.

which are deciduous, and drop off before the time of Altogether it is a very graceful and pretty little plant, although
Hook.

a " botanical " Orchid.

Bulbophyllum auricomum, Lindl. Gen. and Sp. Orch.,
v.

p. 50.

f.

FL

Brit. Ind.,

p. 765. B. Foenisecii, Parish,

ex Rchb.

f.

in Bot. Zeit., xxiii. p. 99.

Dendrobium

tripetaloides,

Roxb.

FL

Ind.,

iii.

p. 47.

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

CYPRIPEDIUM INSIGNE BOHNHOFIANUM.

have already called attention to several fine and distinct varieties of Cypripedium insigne, and now another very distinct and handsome form
has reached us, this time from the collection of Henry Graves, Esq., of Orange, New Jersey, U.S.A. In spite of its long journey across the Atlantic, the flower arrived quite fresh, thanks to skilful packing on the part of Mr. R. M. Grey, Mr. Graves' gardener. It is apparently the variety Bohnhofianum, for
1891,
ii.

We

it

quite agrees with the description of that form (Gard. Chron.,

p.

586).

In shape

it
ii.

comes nearest
p. 655),

to

the variety Macfaiianei

(Rolfe in Gard. Chron., 1890,

the dorsal sepal being scarcely over

one and a quarter inches broad, but the colour is totally different. The ground colour is bright yellow, but the lower part of the dorsal sepal is of a uniform bright deep brown, and the petals and front part of the lip are also
strongly suffused

with the same colour.

is,

The staminode

is

rich yellow.

The upper
rich

part of the dorsal sepal

It

of course, white, and there are no

spots anywhere about the flower.

is

a striking and
it

handsome form, the

brown colouring and absence

is

of spots give
it

a thoroughly distinct

appearance, and there

not

nothing with which

can be confused.

We

do
for

know anything

of the
is

unfortunately nothing

whereabouts of the plant originally described, stated about its origin.

L^LIO-CATTLEYA
Two
Dell,

TRIOPHTHALMA.
Schroder, of

plants only of this beautiful and very distinct hybrid are said to have
in

been raised, one now being

the collection of Baron

The
us

Egham,

the other in that of the late Mr. F. L.

Ames,
It

of Boston,

U.S.A.

two-flowered raceme from

the former

has just

reached

through the kindness of Messrs. Veitch,

who

raised

crossing Cattleya superba with the pollen of

was obtained by Lselio-cattleya x exoniensis,

it.

and was described

in

1883.

The

lip is

three-lobed, the side lobes smaller

and more obtuse than

though otherwise similar, and the front lobe broadly elliptical-oblong, and about an inch long. The sepals are light blush-pink, and the petals considerably darker. The side lobes of
the
lip

in Cattleya superba,

are as light as the sepals outside, but inside suffused

and veined with

is

rose, the tips being deep purple-crimson.

The

front lobe

of the latter

colour, but tipped with white,

its

and a transverse yellow band extends across

base.

Thus
x

the characters of both parents are well represented in the

hybrid.
Laelio-cattleya

triophthalma, Rolfe in Gard. Chron., 1891,

i.

p.

80

->

ii.

p.

155

Orchid

Review,

i.

p. 101.

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

CYPRIPEDIUM INSIGNE SANDERS.

The
have
history of this beautiful variety probably the most valuable Cypri-

pedium known

was briefly

much

pleasure in

363 of our last volume, and now we presenting our readers with a portrait of it, which has
iven at
p.
I.

been reproduced from a photograph kindly sent by R.

Measures, Esq., of

Cambridge Lodge, Flodden Road, Camberwell (gr. Mr. H. Chapman). It was described by Reichenbach in the autumn of i88S,when it flowered with Messrs. F. Sander and Co., of St. Albans, out of an importation of the so-called It is simply a C. insigne montanum, which has proved unusually variable.

light yellow variety in

which only the very

faintest trace of spotting

remains

on the dorsal

sepal.

On November
for

14th of that year a small plant with

a single growth and one flower was sold by auction at Messrs. Protheroe

and Morris' Rooms

seventy guineas, Baron Schroder being the purchaser.

other half of the plant passed into the collection of R. H. Measures, Esq., The Woodlands, Streatham, it is said for the same sum. In the following year the latter plant was divided into two., one half being sold to

The

42

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

Measures' brother for one hundred guineas.

Mr.

year later the re-

mainder was divided into three, one of the plants passing into the collection of F. L. Ames, Esq., it is said for one hundred guineas. In November, 1890, Messrs. Sander are said to have been glad to get back one of the remaining
plants for the

sum

of

250.

Baron Schroder's plant

its

is

said to be

still

intact.

The

rarity of the variety,

added to

great beauty, naturally enhanced its

it

value, but, being a plant which can quickly be increased,

will doubtless

Other yellow varieties have since appeared, as Macfarlanei, Sanderiana (figured in our last volume, p. 145, fig. 10), and Ernesti [I.e. p. 362), all of them, however, differing from the original one in

soon become more accessible.

Cypripedium insigne Sanders, Rchb.

f.

in

Card. Chron., 1888,

ii.

p. 692, also p.

606

THE HYBRIDIST.
Cypripedium x bellinum.

This is a pretty hybrid, raised in the establishment of Messrs. F. Sander and Co., of St. Albans, from C. x vernixium $ and C. x Harrisianum $,
themselves both of hybrid origin. Its parentage might be briefly expressed thus : C. villosum I, C. barbatum }, Argus f It has much of the

general character of C. X vernixium, with the addition of some dark brown spots on the dorsal sepal. The ground colour is very light olive-green, veined and spotted with dark brown, and narrowly margined with white, the sides much reflexed. The petals are horizontal, light shining brown, and obscurely spotted with dark brown towards the base.

The

lip

is

rather long and narrow, and light shining brown in front, and the staminode pale with a small green tubercle. As might be expected, the hybrid is most like C. villosum, though modified in shape and colour by the influence of the other species, whose distinctive characters,

hov

quit

rated.

Cypripedium x Crossianum, Castle Hill variety.

the result of crossing Cypripedium x Crossianum with the pollen of C. insigne Chantini, and thus, strictly speaking, is not a variety of C. X Crossianum, but an example of a hybrid again crossed with one of its own parents, analogous with Selenipedium x calurum and S. x cardinale. The plant is more yellow than C. x Crossianum, the dorsal sepal having a
is

This

broad white margin, with some bright purple spots. It was raised in the collection of G. C. Rafael, Esq., Castle Hill, Englefield Green.-O'Brien in Gard. Chron., Nov. 25th, p. 648.

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

LiELIO-CATTLEYA X LEUCOGLOSSA

A
gesii

very pretty hybrid of rather complex parentage, raised by Messrs.

of Chelsea.
$,

James Veitch and Sons,

It

was derived from Cattleya Loddiits

$ and Leelio-cattleya x fausta cally expressed :

Lcfilia

and

descent

may

be thus graphi-

C. Loddigesii ?

>

On November
glossa.

ist,

1892, the typical form received a First-class Certificate

from the Royal Horticultural Society, under the name of Cattleya x leuco-

This had rose-pink sepals and

petals,

and a white
lip dull

lip

with some
received a

yellow in the throat.

The

variety bella, of which

we have now

flower, differs in having the front lobe of

the
it

violet-purple above
of Lselia

the light yellow throat, in which respect

crispa.

shows the influence

The

general shape of the flower

lip is

is like

that of Cattleya Loddigesii,

but the front lobe of the

crispo-undulate.

rather larger, orbicular, refuse, and elegantly

is

Technically the plant

is

a Lselio-cattleya, and although

the Laelia parentage

only represented to the extent of one-eighth, yet there are four small pollen masses in addition to the four large ones, as in other

members

of the group.

The resemblance
is

to Cattleya Loddigesii

is

easily

explained by the fact that this species

extent of three-fourths.

represented in the hybrid to the

Cypripedium x Tryanowskyanum.
This
St.

Hunter, Esq., North H.J. Andrew Street, Edinburgh, with the information that it was raised in the
is

a very pretty hybrid, received from

establishment of Messrs. F. Sander and Co., of St. Albans, between Cypripedium insigne Chantini $ and C. x Io grande $. The flower is large and
well formed, and shows a rather curious combination of colours.

The

dorsal

sepal

is

spotted

much

in the

way of

C. insigne, while the petals and

lip recall

a light form of C.

X Harrisianum

in their shining

purple-brown colour.

No
is

trace remains in the petals of the remarkable spotting of C.

Io,

which

rather curious.

The

effect of the contrast of colour is very pleasing.

Cypripedium x turpe.
barbatum Crossii $ and C. Argus , A hybrid raised from Cypripedium of M. Godefroy Lebeuf, of Argenteuil.OrehidophiU, the establishment
p.

in

1893,

169.

44

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

CYPRIPEDIUM
X

ARTHURIAXUxM pulchellum.

At page 305 of our first volume, when figuring the interesting Cypripedium X Arthurianum, allusion was made to the variety pulchellum, which also

was

raised in

the

establishment of Messrs. James Veitch and Sons,

of

Through their kindness we have received a flower of each, and can compare them side by side. C. Fairieanum was the pollen
Chelsea.
parent
in

each

case,

but

the

seed

parent

of
C.

the

variety

pulchellum

was

C.

insigne

Chantini, instead

of typical

insigne.

The

variety

has a proportionately broader dorsal sepal, being only two inches long instead of two and a half inches, as in the type. The spots are fewer
in

number, nearly twice

as

large,

and

rather

darker

brown.
are

They
in

also

extend rather nearer to the apex, and those which occur

the
also

white area are purple instead of

as

dark

brown.
the
little

The

petals

much
is

shorter

as

is

the

dorsal

sepal,

nerves
larger.

rather

darker

brown, and the spots on the inner half

sepal
also

The
the

lower
are

shorter

and

broader.

In

other

respects

two

remarkably

alike.

With

regard to C.

X Arthurianum

typical,

we may
the form

note that the

spots are rather less confluent in lines than in

shown

in

our illustration.

Cypripedium x Mrs. Tautz.

This
raised,
is

said to be one of the

most beautiful and striking hybrids ever

though unfortunately there is no record of its parentage. It is compared with an improved C. insigne Chantini, and from the description
apparently allied to C. X nitens. O'Brien in Gard. Chron., Dec. 30th,

is

THE HISTORY OF ORCHID CULTIVATION.

The
History of Orchid cultivation, from
its

commencement

over a century

and a half ago to the present time, is an extremely attractive subject, and is crowded with details of the most interesting kind. The circumstances
attending their introduction, the various difficulties which had to be overcome before their cultivation was properly understood, and the long roll of
illustrious

tend to

names who have each played their several parts in the drama, all make it one of absorbing interest to every cultivator of Orchids. We

have therefore decided to publish a series of articles upon the subject, and hope it will prove as welcome to our readers as the History of Orchid
hybridisation, which appeared in our last volume.

which appears to have been cultivated in England was Bletia verecunda. There is a fine coloured plate in Martyn's
first

The

tropical Orchid

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

beautiful

45

Plantarum Rariorum (1728-1735), under the name of Helleborine americana (p. 50). According to Martyn, a dried specimen was sent from Providence Island, Bahamas, to Peter Collinson, in 173 1, the sender not being recorded. Collinson, not despairing of there being life in
Historia
in a

the tubers, sent

warm

garden of one Wager, where they were placed bark bed during the winter, and, recovering health, they produced
to the

them

flowers during the following summer.

Miller also gives a representation of

Plants, in 1760 ft 145).
in cultivation prior to

the

same Orchid

in his Figures of the

Most Beautiful

Two
1737,

of the

North American Cypripediums were

that

when the first edition of Miller's Gardeners' Dictionary appeared. In work we find Helleborine virginianum flore rotundo luteo, the Virginian
;

Lady's slipper with yellow flowers, and H. canadensis sive Calceolus Mariae,
the Canada Lady's slipper
the former apparently representing either C.
is

pubescens or C. parviflorum (the description

say which), the latter C. spectabile.

not sufficiently explicit to

Miller states that plants of

them have
In the

been sent to England, which thrive and produce flowers every year.
second edition of Aiton's Horfus Kewensis, C. spectabile
as cultivated by
is

said to have been

is

cultivated by Philip Miller before 1731, but C. parviflorum

only mentioned
is

him

in

1759, while the introduction of C. pubescens

in 1790.
It is

ascribed to Sir Joseph

Banks

therefore clear that these dates

cannot be absolutely relied on.

The last-named work

V. planifolia.
of the plant.

also records Vanilla aromatica as introduced by

it

Miller in 1739, though from Miller's note

is

certain that the species

was

He received a sample packet, containing pods and branches The leaves were all rotten, but the stems, appearing fresh,
in

were planted

small pots and plunged

in a

bed of tanner's bark, and soon

put forth leaves and roots.

The

plants are noted as difficult to keep alive

without their natural support.

in

In his eighth edition, however, published,

1768, he mentions a Vanilla axillaribus, which

in

was

sent to
in

him from
flowers

Carthagena

New

Spain (New Granada), and flowered

its

the Chelsea

garden, but, wanting

proper support,

it

lived but

one year.

The

are described as shaped like those of the

Bee Orchis, but

is

longer, the galea

or helmet of a pale pink colour, and the labia purple.

The date

is

not

mentioned, nor
In 17S9 the

is it

clear which species of Vanilla

intended.

first

edition of Aiton's Hortus Kewensis appeared, in which

fifteen exotic species are

enumerated as being

in cultivation at

Kew, besides

number

of British ones.

They comprise

four tropical species, six North

American, three South African, and two European. We may here enumerate their modern names in cases where the ancient ones have been them, using
verecunda, Epidendrum superseded. the No fragrans, E. cochleatum, and Phaius grandifolius spectabile, C. acaule, Liparis liliifolia, Calopogon pu Cypripedium

The

tropical

species

are

Bletia

Habenaria fimbriata,

and Arethusa bulbosa

the South African


46

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

coriifolium,

and Bartholina pectinata

fifty

and the European

Serapias Lingua and Nigritella angustifolia.

Before the close of the century about

tion in England, as

exotic species were in cultiva-

may

be seen by the second edition of Aiton's work,

published in 1813.
Prior to 1758 only three or four exotic Orchids appear to have been in
cultivation, but in that year the

North American Liparis liliifolia is recorded and the beautiful Calopogon pulchellus is as cultivated by Peter Collinson This also is said to have been cultivated by William Malcolm before 1771. North American. The year 1775 appears to have witnessed the advent of the first Epidendrum, E. conopseum, which was introduced from Florida by John FotherTwo years later Habenaria fimbriata was sent from Canada by gill, M.D. In 1778 Epidendrum fragrans is said to have William Pitcairn, M.D. been sent from Jamaica by Francis Goldney, and a year later the European Nigritella angustifolia appeared, being introduced by the Rev. S. Good;

enough.

The

first

Cymbidium imported was

the Chinese C. ensifolium, which

is

John Fothergill, M.D., before 1780. Arethusa bulbosa was sent from North America by William Young, in 1784; and In the latter year two Cypripedium acaule by William Hamilton, in 1786. West Indian species were imported Epidendrum cochleatum by Alexander Anderson, and Bletia florida by R. A. Salisbury. In 1787 Pogonia divaricata was sent from North America by John Fraser; while Satyrium carneum, S. coriifolium, and Bartholina pectinata were sent from the Cape of Good Hope by Francis Masson, during the same year. The beautiful Phaius grandifolius was imported from China about the year 1788, by John Fothergill, M.D., and a fine coloured plate appeared in
said to have been cultivated by

the

first

edition of Aiton's Hortus Kewcnsis in the following year, under the

name

of

Limodorum

Tankervillae.
in 1788,

Orchis papilionacea was also introduced

from South Europe

by John Sibthorp. In 1789 Cymbidium pendulum was sent from China to Messrs. Loddiges, of Hackney a firm destined to exert an enormous influence on the cultivation of Orchids in the early part of the present century. Serapias Lingua

was also introduced from South Europe during this year by Sir Francis Drake while the North American Habenaria herbiola is recorded as being
;

cultivated before 1789, by

John

Fothergill,

M.D.

decade of the century witnessed a very great development, as no less than twenty-five species were introduced, the number thus being about doubled. Seven species appeared during 1790, all from the West
last

The

Indies,

and
:

five

of

them representing

additional

follows

Ornithidium

genera.

They
;

are as

rhynchus speciosus,

coccineum, sent by Alexander Anderson Stenoby Sir John Boothby Sauroglossum elatum, by
;

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

;

47

John Fairburn; Lycaste Barringtoniae, Coslia Baueriana, and Epidendrum fuscatum, by Lord Gardner and Epidendrum ciliare, by Edward Elcock.

The last-named gentleman added four additional genera during 1 791, these also being West Indian, as follows : Oncidium carthaginense, Pleurothallis ruscifolia, Stelis ophioglossoides, and Isochilus linearis. The European Orchis globosa was cultivated by W. Pitcairn, M.D., before 1792. Nine additional West Indian species appeared in 1793, including four additional genera. Ponera prolifera was sent by Edward Elcock; Broughtonia sanguinea by Walter Ewer; and the remainder by Rear-Admiral William
Octomeria graminifolia, Epidendrum elongatum (secundum), E. umbellatum, E. nutans, Oncidium altissimum and O. triquetrum. Cymbidium sinense was also introduced
cucullata,

Bligh,

as

follows

: Brassavola

about the year 1793, by George Seaton. In 1795 Elleanthus capitatus was introduced from the West Indies by Sir Joseph Banks; in 1796 Spiranthes cernua was sent from North America by William Hamilton,
while

Habenaria

ciliaris,

from the same country,

is

said

to

have been

cultivated by R. A. Salisbury before 1796.

Lastly, Pterygodium volucris

was introduced from the Cape of Good Hope in 1797, by Sir Joseph Banks. We may now note a few of the species figured before the close of the
eighteenth century, noting the conditions under which they were grown. Miller, in 1768, wrote of the genus Epidendrum, " There are nearly thirty

which grow naturally upon trees in America and both Indies, but, as the plants cannot by any art yet known be cultivated in the ground, it would be to little purpose the enumerating of them here, though, could the plants be brought to thrive by culture, many of them produce very fine flowers of very uncommon form. I had three species of them sent me from America these I planted with care in pots, which were placed in a stove, where they came so far as to show their flowers, but the plants soon
species of this genus,
;

afterwards perished."
the century.

Some

slight progress

was made

before the close of

Calopogon pulchellus, which dates from 1771, was again accidentally introduced in 1788, and is interesting as the first Orchid figured in the
Botanical Magazine.
this

The

third

volume bears date 1790, and

:

at

t.

116
Its

plant
is

is

figured

under the name of

history

recorded by Curtis, as follows

"

Limodorum tuberosum.
For
this

rare

plant

am

indebted to the very laudable exertions of a late gardener of mine, James Smith, who, in the spring of 1788, examining attentively the bog-earth

which had been brought over with some plants of the Dionaea muscipula, found several small tooth-like knobby roots, which, being placed in pots of the same earth, and plunged into a tan-pit having a gentle heat, plants the ensuing summer, two of which flowered, and from produced the strongest of these our figure was taken."' next plant figured in the Botanical Magazine was Epidendrum The

48
fragrans, in 1792.

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

At
t.

appears under the erroneous cochleatum, whence we learn that " Commodore Gardner,
152
it

name
in

of E.

the year

1789, presented to the Apothecaries

Company some

roots

of this plant,

taken up with great care, and which being successfully treated by Mr.
Fairburn
in

their

garden

at Chelsea,

one of them threw up a flowering

It

stem
vated

last

February, from which our drawing was made."

was

culti-

in pots of earth

composed

of rotten

wood and decayed

leaves,

and

plunged

in a tan bed.

The name was afterwards

corrected, at plates 543

and 572 of the work. Cypripedium acaule was figured in the same work in 1793 (t. 192), having flowered with Messrs. Grimwood and Wykes, nurserymen, of Kensington, when planted in pots of loam and bog-earth or leaves, and C. album was also given at t. 216 of the plunged in a north border.

of

Cymbidium pendulum was figured at t. 3S7, in 1797, under the name Epidendrum aloides. Curtis remarks that " a few years since my friend
of

Mr. Vere,
of

Kensington, received this plant from India, by the kindness

J.

his

neighbour,

Devaynes,

Esq.
it

Placed

in

pot

of

earth,

and

plunged

in the tan-pit of the stove,

grew, increased, and

now

flourishes,

but has not blown.

in the tan, they set
its

With
it

Messrs.

Kensington, the plant has flowered

Grimwood and Wykes, nurserymen, this summer instead of plunging it

;

on the
is

flue

of

the stove, and to the variation in

to

treatment

its

flowering

perhaps

be attributed."
(t.

In 1799 Epidendrum ciliare was also figured

note
:

" The

463), with the following

of the
in

rare

and singular species here represented, a native

West

Indies, flowered with Mr. Whitley, nurseryman,

Old Brompton,

February, 1799, and at irregular periods before that time. He informs us that it is not constant as to the time of its blooming, and that though the
plant flowers with

him

it

never assumes a fine healthy green appearance.

its

He

propagates

it

by dividing

limbs or branches, which often put forth

small roots.

The
is

plant grows in a pot, in a mixture of loam and peat or

bog-earth, and

kept constantly plunged in the tan-pit of the stove."

The
infancy.

foregoing details and

we have gone

into

them

pretty fully show

its

that Orchid culture at the close of the eighteenth century was only in
of our subject,

Excluding the hardy kinds, which scarcely come within the limits

we

note that the countries from which Orchids

came were
officers,

the

West

Indies, China,

and the Cape

travellers,

of

Good Hope.

The

plants were
in

chiefly brought

home by

and by naval and military

slow sailing vessels,

in too

many

cases to be killed soon after their arrival

it

by improper treatment.

Orchid culture as we know

was non-existent.

great development took place during the next quarter of a century.

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

49

CYPRIPEDIUM
Cypripedium x Io
collection of
is

IO

GRANDE.
first

a very beautiful hybrid, the

one raised

in

the

Oakwood, Wylam-on-Tyne. Its parents are Cypripedium Argus and C. Lawrenceanum, the former being the seed bearer, and its resemblance to both parents is sufficiently obvious, though in general shape and in the markings of the petals the characters

Norman

C. Cookson, Esq., of

somewhat preponderate. The variety here figured is known in gardens under the name of C. x Io grande, though we do not know if it was raised in the same collection as the original form, on which
of the

mother-plant

it

is

considered to be an improvement.
Little, Esq., of

photograph taken by H.
from a plant

Our figure is reproduced from a The Barons, East Twickenham,

is

in his collection,

which, as

well

known, contains a large

number

of very fine varieties.

Mo,

Bot. Garden,

1895.

5o

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

ORCHID HYBRIDISATION.
The
work
raising of
in

new Orchids from

seed

is

undoubtedly the most fascinating

which the cultivator of these charming plants can engage. The gradual maturing of the capsule, the germination of the minute atoms in which so much potential beauty may be hidden, and at length the unfolding
of the

blooms as the flowering period

interest
to

is

reached, are

all

matters of the
the
is

deepest

the

enthusiastic

operator.

Who

can describe

moment when
and,
fearful

the resulting capsule from some carefully effected cross

its

seen to be opening, and the operator, lens in hand, examines

of finding

contents,
of

nothing but chaff,

to the soil,

detects

number
?

plump

embryos, each wrapped away

this

in its curiously

wrinkled testa

And, after

minute dust
for

is

committed
signs

who

shall describe the careful

watching

the

first

of

germination, and the care bestowed on

?

the young seedlings until

the perils of infancy are past

;

Ask not our

cross.

Sedens and Cooksons and Maynards

rather

let

it

be described by the
first
is

humble follower who has

just been successful with his

The

interest felt in the subject of Orchid hybridisation

apparent from

recent communications to our columns, besides which several other corre-

spondents have expressed a wish that we should publish a series of articles on the subject. With this request we will endeavour to comply, and, as all
of our readers are not experts,
it

will

be best to begin at the beginning.

The

materials to work with naturally resolve themselves into such as

are readily accessible to the operator; plants flowering in his collection at

the same time,

or, in

some

cases, pollen

may

be obtained from a neigh-

bouring collection.

The beginner

will probably be

content to

commence

with some easy subject, whether the cross has been made before or not,

and thus gain confidence. But every cross should be made with some definite object in view, and an effort should be made to break new ground wherever possible. Our last volume furnishes a nearly complete list of the crosses which have flowered up to the end of 1893, and by consulting it

many

repetitions

may
is

be avoided.

Some good
If

hybrids,

however, are

excessively rare, and the crosses might with advantage be repeated.

The

next question

how

to proceed.

any of our readers should not

for the details are

be familiar with the structure of an Orchid flower, they should pull two or
three to pieces, and thus familiarise themselves with
so different from those of an ordinary
it,

flower a

lily for

example that

at first

sight the stamens and pistil would appear to be wanting altogether.

But

the veil of mystery has long been rent asunder, and the old-time gardener

who grew Orchids and

stamens and
pistil

Cacti because they were " the only plants that those

fiends the hybridists could not touch," no longer hugs his fond delusion.

The

are present, but changed out of

all

knowledge, being
distinct

united into one fleshy body called the column.

Two

types of

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

structure will be observed

51

the

one peculiar to Cypripedium and Seleni-

pedium, the other

common

to the great bulk of the order.

The column
node, or sterile

Cypripedium consists of the large shield-shaped stamistamen, in the centre of the flower, a second shield-shaped
of
is

organ underneath, which

stamens.
stance,
fluid,

the stigma,

and a pair of small roundish

lip,

stalked bodies vsituated at the basal

openings of the

which are the

The

latter organs secrete a sticky

brownish or yellowish subin order to

the pollen, consisting of single grains immersed in a glutinous

which must be removed and smeared on the stigma

is

effect fertilisation.

In other Orchids the structure of the column

very different.

Mere

we

find a single fertile anther situated at the top of the

column, and the

pollen

grains

variously

aggregated
little

in

masses,

the

pollinia,

which are

generally hidden under a

cap, the anther-case.

On

the face of the

column near the top will be observed a little cavity, covered with a sticky exudation, and this is the stigma. The anther-case may be detached by a slight touch, and if the pollen masses be applied to the stigma, they
will

adhere firmly to the sticky surface.

It
is

well

known
in

that the majority of Orchids are incapable of

in a state of nature they are

self-

fertilisation,

and that

dependent on the

visits

of

insects,

who,

search of food, involuntarily carry the pollen

it

from

flower to flower, leaving

on the stigma, where required.

The

hybridist,

though with a different object in view, still works in the same way. Assuming, then, that the necessary materials are at hand, we may next
describe the operation.
first

The

flower intended as the seed-bearer should

have the pollen carefully removed, which may be effected by means Care should be taken of a pair of forceps or a pointed pencil or stick.
not to injure the remaining parts, also that the pollen does not come in Now take the pollen from the second flower, contact with the stigma.
place
it

on the stigma of the

The

reverse cross

may

and that stage of the work is complete. effected at the same time if the pollen from the be
first,
it.

until the second one is ready to receive first flower is laid aside

the details of every cross should be carefully It is very important that pocket-book should be kept for the purpose. The recorded, and a small consecutively, and a small ticket with the crosses should be numbered

corresponding number tied on should be recorded the date of the site the number in the pocket-book then a space should be left for cross and the seed and pollen parents,

to the stalk of the fertilised flower.

Oppo-

such as date of sowing the seed, etc. future use, during which the chief thing necessary Now comes a period of waiting, and over-stimulation, so that is to keep the plant healthy, avoiding checks
the capsule with
of
its

crosses will

fail

mature properly. A certain percentage contents may this may be large when experimenting to take, and

52

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

with very distinct species, but the enthusiast will not be deterred by a few
failures,

which will only stimulate him to renewed exertions. Perseverance and a good stock of patience will prove of the utmost service to the Orchid
hybridist.

The
there
is

selection of parents

is

a most important matter, and one in which

room

for the exercise of

much

individual taste and judgment.

in view.
in

few cardinal points, however, should always be kept

of the hybridist
shall be
is,

The

object

or should be, to raise a plant

its

which

an improvement on
It

parents or shall exhibit

some respects some new and

attractive feature.

may

be desirable to introduce increased vigour into

it

some

particular plant, by crossing

with another which has the desired

best effected by using the stronger
is

quality.

Generally speaking this

is

grower as the seed parent, though this rule

not

an invariable one.

None but
parent
;

healthy, well-established plants should ever be used as the seed

and the best possible varieties of both should always be selected. Colours which neutralise each other are also best avoided. Several examples might be cited in this connection, but one will suffice Cattleya citrino:

intermedia was derived from the species whose

not very attractive in point of colour.

name

it

bears,

and though

extremely interesting because of the great difference between the parents,

is

A
nitis

few groups single themselves out

for special

mention.

Thus Sophro-

grandifiora might be crossed with almost any of the Cattleyas and

;

Laelias
of

which flower at the same time of year the rare and remarkable Laelia Digbyana.

and the same may be said

L. pumila
is

also a very

Cypripedium Fairieanum has been used many times, and always with good results; while C. niveum, C. concolor, and C.
promising parent.
bellatulum are also very promising plants for further experiments.
Seleni-

pedium Schlimii has been a potent factor in the development of those charming plants S. X Sedeni and its allies, of which more will yet be Dendrobium nobile has a very good record in this respect, also heard. Cypripedium Spicerianum, and a variety of others could easily be
enumerated.
Several recent introductions are worthy of attention, on account of good
qualities they possess
;

indeed,

we

believe several crosses have been

made

which may

yield

noteworthy

results.

have themselves been used as parents, and from the best of these, combined with judicious selection, some striking
of hybrids

considerable

number

acquisitions

may

be anticipated.
is

Much
its

as has been done,

we

believe that

Orchid hybridisation

yet in

infancy, and the next few years

may

witness some remarkable developments

among

the thousands of seedlings

now

progressing towards the flowering stage in various collections.

53

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

NOVELTIES.
Pleurothallis maculata, Rolfe. A small
to

Brazilian species presented

by Messrs. Shuttleworth, Carder and Co., of Clapham, which flowered in September, 1891, and again subsequently. It is allied to P.
recurva, Lindl., of the section Brachystachyge, and has short racemes of

Kew

purple flowers.
to

which the

The leaves are irregularly name is given. Kew Bulletin,

spotted with purple, in allusion

1893, p. 334.

Pleurothallis unistriata, Rolfe. A very small species allied Guatemalan P. marginata, Lindl., belonging to the section Apodas
tosae,

to the
caespi-

which has flowered

at

Kew

on several occasions.

Its origin is not

recorded.
the petals

The flowers are semipellucid white, with a purple mid-nerve to and some similar colour on the lip. Kew Bulletin, 1893, p. 334.
native of British

Pleurothallis pergracilis, Rolfe. A

Honduras
flowers

which has been cultivated at Kew for a long period. It is preceding, though quite different in various structural details.
are
light

allied to the

The

yellowish white, with a purple mid-nerve to the petals.

Kew

Bulletin, 1893, p. 334.

Scaphosepalum microdactylum,
to S. ochthodes, Pfitzer,

Rolfe.
at

A singular

little

plant, allied

which flowered

Kew

during 1890, and again last

October.

The

flowers are light greenish yellow with a suffusion of light

purple-brown on the upper half of the dorsal sepal.

The

tails are

very

minute hence

the

name.-fe

Bulletin, 1893, p. 335.

Masdevallia pusilla,

Rolfe.

The
It

smallest-flowered

species of the

Saccolabiata group at present known.

flowered at Glasnevin in August,

under the care of Mr. F. \V. Moore, and on subsequent occasions. It 1891, is allied to M. troglodytes, E. Morr., and has pale yellowish green flowers
densely speckled with dark purple-brown. Kew Bulletin, 1893,
p. 335.

Polystachya Buchanani, Rolfe. A native of the Zambesi district, E. Tropical Africa, whence it was sent to Mr. James O'Brien, of Harrow-onIt flowered at Glasnevin in September, the-Hill, by Mr. John Buchanan.
and on subsequent occasions. It is allied to the well-known P. 1889, Hook., from Tropical America, and the Mascarene P. mauritiana, luteola,
Spreng., of

which

it

may

be considered as the geographical representative.

Kew

Bulletin, 1893, p. 335-

Rolfe. A Natal species recently imported by Mr. Cyrtopera papillosa,


54

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

before from dried
at Burford, in

James O'Brien, though known long

in the collection of Sir

Trevor Lawrence, Bart.,

August, 1S92.

Kew

The

side lobes of the lip are purple-brown

Bulletin, 1893, p. 336.

and the

rest of the flowers yellow.

Trichocentrum albiflorum,

Rolfe.

curious

little

species sent to

Kew, from Mexico, by Mr. Finck. It flowered in the collection in September, It is allied to the Guatemalan T. candidum, 1892, and again last year. Lindl., being the only other species in which the spur is reduced to a very
short sac.

Kew

Bulletin, 1893, p. 336.

Oncidium Sanderiaxum,

Rolfe.

A handsome Peruvian species belongf.,

ing to the section Microchila, and allied to O. annulare, Rchb.

and O.

monachicum, Rchb. f., which have the peculiarity that the petals remain clasped together by their crisped tips, forming a ring. The flowers are chocolate-brown and yellow, and bear some resemblance to those of O.
falcipetalum, Rchb.
f.

Plants have recently been imported by Messrs. F.

Sander and Co., of

St.

Albans, but have not yet flowered

in

cultivation.

Kew

Bulletin, 1893, p. 337.

Sobralia pumila, Rolfe. An unusually dwarf species, native of Marajo Island, Brazil, of which a dried specimen has been sent to Kew by E. S. Rand, Esq., of Para. It forms small tufts, scarcely six inches high, the flowers being bright canary-yellow and produced in profusion. It is allied to the New Granadan S. fimbriata, Lindl. Kew Bulletin, 1893, p. 337.

Cypripedium Poyntzianum, O'Brien.

specimens of C. callosum, Rchb.
f.,

This appeared

among imported
Reginald Young,

in the collection of

Esq., of Sefton Park, Liverpool, after

whose gardener it is named. It is suggested as being a natural hybrid between C. callosum and C. Hookerse the one from Siam, the other from Borneo, by the way. It would be interesting to know how the pollen was got over. From the description,
it

is

probably C. callosum var. sublseve, Rchb.

f.

(Gard. Chron., 1888,

i.

p. 331),

and C. siamense, Rolfe (I.e., 1889, i. p. 192), the latter being the correct name, for the plant is quite different from C. callosum, Rchb. f. especially in the shape of the dorsal sepal and petals and is nearer C.

javanicum, Rchb.
defined

f.

C. callosum var. sublave,

Rchb.
the

f.,

is

only vaguely
but the

as " a callosum
is

without any

calli

on

disc,"

type

specimen, which
lands, Streatham,

in

the collection of R. H. Measures, Esq.,

The Wood-

shows what was the plant intended. Gard. Chron., Jan.

13th, p. 36.

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

55

CALENDAR OF OPERATIONS FOR FEBRUARY.

Ihe temperatures
for this

month should remain

as advised for last, except

that a rise of a few degrees, with sun-heat should be allowed, as the sun gains more power. It will also now generally be necessary to damp down

twice a day, and especially so during bright, clear weather, and

large

when

amount

of fire-heat

is

required.

good deal of caution should be

exercised at this season

entering upon a period

when giving air, remembering that we are now when cold winds and bright sunshine are apt to
the
possibility

come simultaneously, thus rendering

draughts extremely great
;

of injury

by cold

also, that Orchids, in

consequence of darkness

and general confinement during the winter months, are more susceptible to injury from this cause now than at any other time. Potting. There are many plants that may now be potted or topdressed as the case may demand, and this work should be pushed on where

it is

possible to do so.

Time may then

be had to do such work thoroughly

well,

which

is

a great point in favour of good cultivation, and the importance

and carefully potting an Orchid must never be under-estimated. I have yet to learn of a better potting compost than good English peat and
of well

sphagnum moss,

in equal parts, with a small proportion of

it is

broken charcoal

and, except where otherwise mentioned,

to these materials that I refer

when mentioning
that he
is

the subject of potting.

It

sometimes happens, however,

price of best Orchid peat,

that one gets such rubbish under the

name and

tempted

to

try

anything which

may

be

recommended

as

Polypodium roots are largely advocated, but this material should not by any means take the place of good fibrous Orchid peat.
substitute.

The plants of the East Indian house should now be overhauled, giving new sphagnum moss to such species as Aerides and Saccolabium. Those
Cypripediums which have passed out of bloom may also be potted. This genus delights in a compost of rather more body than most Orchids require.

For instance, the peat need not necessarily be of the best fibrous quality, and a small portion of fibrous loam may be used, with a few not too much decayed leaves, some coarse silver sand, and broken charcoal should be added, to keep the whole porous. These materials, of course not omitting the sphagnum moss, make a good compost in which to grow the majority
of Cypripediums.
to this rule, C. bellatulum
if

growing better
I

and the near allied species are exceptions given a mixture of stiff, yellow loam and
to

small lumps of chalk.

remember once being highly recommended

mix

bones with the compost and crocks of Cypripediums, but I have broken cannot be employed with any certainty of success, the result found they uncertain, as decaying bones are much too powerful for Orchids being most
in general.

56

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

The Phalamopses may
also be

gone through and removed this month.

It is

not advisable to ruthlessly pull these plants

away from the baskets

in

which they are

so firmly established, unless there are good reasons for so

doing, but the old

moss must be carefully removed from between the roots, and sweet new moss again carefully worked in. Should any plant prove to
be in poor condition, not having
its

roots firmly fixed to the teak rods,

it

may

be taken out and placed in another basket, without fear of causing a

It

check.

would most

likely be beneficial

if

a smaller basket were used,

position,

care being taken to

make

the plant firm in

its

and not

to confine
to

roots beneath the surface of the

sphagnum which were formerly exposed

were previously confined

the

air,

nor to leave those roots which

is

fully

exposed, as the result

that they will perish in either case, which greatly

re-basketing,
it

weakens the

plant.

When

is

best to peg the aerial roots

down

to the moss,

which they enter

of their

own

accord

when re-commencing

to grow.

The same rule also applies to all other Orchids having aerial roots. Vanda ccerulea, for instance, sends forth a large number of such roots, and this is a suitable season to supply new sphagnum moss; but it is a
great and fatal mistake to cut the plant down, and to suddenly confine these roots in a pot, in order to get rid of the long bare stem and be more

pleasing to the eye.

The

plants will never survive such treatment.

In

dealing with Vandas, Saccolabiums, Aerides, Angrsecums, and others of a

like

growth, due regard should be paid to Nature, and

if

the old stem

;

is

alive

and has
in

living roots at the base

it

should be

left

unmolested

and the
I

better the cultivation the sooner will

new growths appear from

the base,

which

course of time will re-clothe, or rather hide, the bare stems.

find that

Vanda

ccerulea succeeds best in a light and airy position in the

Mexican house, during both winter and summer, shaded slightly from the fierce rays of the sun, and plentifully supplied with moisture from March
to September, but during the

remaining months kept somewhat dry.

one where we grow principally Mexican Orchids, such as Laelia anceps, Gouldiana, autumnalis, and others and it is kept
is
;

The Mexican house

at intermediate

temperature at
is

all

times, except in sunny weather, and then

to a high degree,

scarcely any shading

used.

The thermometer runs up

always well tempered by the admission of large quantities of air and frequent dampings down. Of course it is best to set apart a house for Orchids delighting in such treatment, but where this is not convenient the
but
is

same conditions may be secured by leaving exposed

the ordinary Cattleya or intermediate houses.

to the

sun a part of
also be pro-

The

potting of

many Oncidiums and Odontoglossoms may

ceeded with now.

Odontoglossum grande, having been at rest, will now be showing signs of activity, and must be repotted if necessary and grown in an intermediate temperature. In fact, the proper time for repotting

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

57

Oncidiums and Odontoglossoms is directly the new growths commence to push from the base of the pseudobulbs, plants newly potted should be
watered carefully for a few weeks, as the roots, having been disturbed, are

Dendrobiums should be examined as they pass out of bloom, and all necessary work done to ensure healthy root action, afterwards placing them in a nice genial temperature, not too hot at first, so that the plants are able to recover from the weakening effect of flowering
liable to rot if kept too wet.

before being hurried into growth. D.

Wardianum

is

a plant that suffers greatly

in
is

from repotting.

It

should be grown in the best possible compost and

very small pots or baskets, so that frequent disturbances at the root

unnecessary, owing to the absence of a mass of decayed matter around them.

In repotting Orchids of any kind the pots should be well crocked,
filling

them

half or three parts

full,

according to their size, with clean crocks and

charcoal, so that the water can pass

away

quickly.

Another point to keep

infested with

in

view

is

cleanliness.

No

Orchid can thrive

subject,

if

any

of the
life

many

parasites to

which Orchids are

to

and

which

live

upon the

sap of the plants.

Our Phalsenopses were once

the naked eye,

attacked by minute

little

insects, only just discernible

but having great powers for causing disfiguration of the

new

leaves.

All

kinds of insecticides were tried in their turn, but none seemed to have the
desired effect until tobacco powder
leaf

was

resorted

to,

and this as the new

grew was kept well down in the axil, the result being that the plants were soon rid of the pest. What is worse in the Cattleya house than the fly which deposits its eggs most extraordinarily into the very centre of the young breaks, and the presence of which it is impossible to detect until the growth is about two inches high, when it becomes abnormally thick at the base, tapering rather sharply to a point, and does not grow kindly ? On the removal of such growths a cavity is found in the centre, containing maggots
in a

Not one of such growths should escape the vigilant eye of the cultivator, for it is difficult to say what mischief a nest is capable of doing the following season if allowed to come by resorting to this one and only means, the to maturity. Fortunately,

more or

less

advanced stage

of development.

growth, these pests are quickly exterminated, but removal of the infected to the collection it is well to be on the when new additions are made
alert.

Dendrobiums have an equally dangerous foe

in the

form of a beetle, or

nearly as large as an ant, which attacks shot-borer (Xyleborus perforans), These should be cut away and burnt the pseudobulbs both new and old.
observed, or the damage may become as soon as
serious.

The presence

of

neatly-bored holes, wherein the larva this depredator may be detected by It has a tissues to quickly decay. is deposited, causing the surrounding section, D. Dalhousianum, and decided preference for the D. Phalaenopsis not confine itself to these species. but does

D. formosum giganteum,

58

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

exist,

Should this pest

exterminated.

a sharp look-out must be maintained until

it

is

At

this season

it

is

also wise to look over all the plants, so that the

spider,

early traces of thrips, red

preventing their increase

the beginning.

as this

and aphides may be discovered, thus they quickly do if not held in check from
is

As
it

a preventive, fumigation
is liable

advisable, but as a

means

of killing insects

to cause injury,

and therefore should not be

attempted with that view.

moderation
directions,

In these days there are

tions for fumigation, all of which, like tobacco,

;

many patent preparamay be good if used in

would advise growers to take particular notice of the using these patent chemicals under rather than over proof until
but
I
life,

well acquainted with the standard strength.

known

to be inimical to insect

used

in

The pure tobacco The various ways.

leaf is well

continental

grower takes advantage of the cheapness of this article, and places a quantity under the stages, not far from the hot-water pipes. This is continually getting damp, and in drying sends forth an odour which is agreeable
to everything but insect
in
life.

must
if

also advise growers to be very careful

the use of liquid insecticides.

My own

opinion

is

that the less

these the better for the plants, and

to

the grower had sufficient

we use time or men

sponge with clear water only, so much the better would it be for the general good health of the plants. Great care should be taken with such
plants
as

Stanhopeas, Catasetums, Houlletias, Chysis, and others with

similar cup-shaped

new growths,
recommend
in

as these very quickly rot

if

insecticides

are allowed to remain in them.

I

conscientiously

a house set apart for the better showing

off of

Orchids

when

bloom.

Many

persons object to the term

"show

house," and perhaps do so for good reasons.

notice where the mention of a

Instances have come to

my

thought to mean a greenhouse or were placed, and to which the flowering Orchids have been taken straight

show house has been misconstrued, and conservatory, where other flowering plants

away, with the result that many species have suffered greatly. It is not to such places that I refer as being suitable for showing off Orchids, but]to a house having an intermediate temperature, such as where ferns are grown
;

the condition would then suit both the ferns and the flowers, being neither
too dry nor too moist, and nicely shaded from the sun.
I

could point out

lovely

no better place.
effect

No

one who has

not

tried

can

imagine the

produced by the arrangement of flowering Orchids with Adiantum cuneatum, and other ferns, either by day or night. In fact, I think, when seen by the electric light, the colours of many species are even more

charming than by daylight.

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

59

ORCHID PORTRAITS.
BOTANICAL MAGAZINE.
Sobralia xaxtholeuca, Rchb.
habit. t. 7332.
f.

A handsome Guatemalan
S.

species with

yellow flowers, rivalling those of

macrantha.

The

plant

is

dwarfer in

GARDENERS' CHRONICLE.
LMIAA x Finckeniana
pp. 805, 806,
fig.

(See our last issue,

p. 9, fig.

1). December 30th,

123.

GARDENERS' MAGAZINE.
Hexisia bidentata.

rare and interesting

little

plant allied to Epi-

dendrum, with
p. 19,

fascicles of bright orange-scarlet

flowers.January 13th,
with pure white

with

fig.

Warscewiczella Lindeni.
flowers, recently introduced
p. 19,

A handsome

species

by Messrs. Linden, of Brussels.January 13th,

with

fig.

Cypripedium x Clotilde Moexs. This beautiful hybrid was described It was raised by M. J. Moens, of Lede, from at p. 284 of our last volume. Leeanum $ and C. Haynaldianum , and received a First-class CertifiC. X the Royal Horticultural Society on September 12th last, when cate from
exhibited by Messrs.

Linden. January

20th,

p.

34, with fig.

JOURNAL DES ORCHIDEES.

Lycaste X
Imschootiana, L. Lind. and Cogn. (See
fig.

p.

8 of our last

issue).January 15th, pp. 328, 329,

72.

JOURNAL OF HORTICULTURE.
illustre. December 28th, p. 587, fig. 83. Cypripedium insigne var. rostratum. January 4th, p. 7, fig. 1. Zygopetalum of our first volume).January L^lio-cattleya x Nysa (See p. 307
nth, p. 31, fig- 5x Fairieaxo-Lawrexceaxum (See Cypripedium volume). January 10th, p. 45, fig. 7p.

307 of our

last

LINDENIA.
handsome hybrid raised by M. J. Cypripedium Claudii, L. Lind. A vernixium ?. t. 397, fi g- l from C Spieerianum $ and C. x Moens, of Lede, Rchb. f. t. 397, fi g- 2 Cypripedium x Latham ianum, A handsome hybrid raised x Weathersianum, L. Lind. Cypripedium Leeanum superbum ? and Brussels, from G. x
-

'

by Messrs.

Linden,

hirsutissimum $.-t. 397, fig. 3. of our last volume).- 1. 398. striata, Rolfe (See p. 265 Maxillaria Hort. A brightly coloured Aclaxdi.e, LindL, var. salmoxea, Cattleya
variety.

t.

399.


6o

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

Aganisia lepida, Lind. and Rchb.
f.

This

is

a very

charming plant,
ago
i

native of Rio Negro, which

1865, but

was introduced

to cultivation as long

was soon

lost sight of,

and has only recently re-appeared.

Tl

flowers are white, with yellow crest, and the base of the column violet-

ORCHID ALBUM.
hjELlA ANCEPS SCHRCEDERIANA.
1.

473.

Odontoglossum prionopetalum, O'Brien. One of the forms of O. Wilckeanum. t. 474. Vanda teres Andersoni. A brightly coloured variety. t. 475. Pleurothallis Roezlii, Rchb. A rare New Granadan species wi

f.

racemes

of largish

purple-brown flowers.

Oncidium sarcodes, Lindl. t. 477. Phaius x Cooksoni, Rolfe. t. 478. Trichopilia hymenantha, Rchb. f.
seen in cultivation. t. 470.

t.

476.

pretty

little

species

now

seldo

Catasetum atrati jm,

species.
p. 36,

Lindl.

The male
s

flowers

of a

very

For

descripti* 3n of the females,

r<

see

Rolfe in Gard. Chron.

other sex

as the editors

smark, "

We

canm 3t say what the

-t. 4S0.

REICHENBACHIA.
Part 5 of volume
ii.

of the second series contains Rolfe.

Arachnanthe Clarkei,
growing
at six

A handsome
A
fine species

species

from Sikkim,
t.

thousand to eight thousand

feet elevation.

p. 35,

65.

Zygopetalum Burtii, Hemsl.

t.

from Costa Rica.

p. 37,

66.

Cattleya x Parthenia, Bleu. A handsome hybrid derived from C. X fimbriata $ and C. Mossise %, by M. Bleu, of Paris. p. 39, t. 67. PHALiExopsis Sanderiana, Rchb. f. p. 41, t. 68, fig. 1. PHALjENOPSIS X INTERMEDIA VAR. PORTEI. p. 43, t. 68, fig. 2.

CONTINENTAL NOTES.
The
close of the year 1893

was characterised by

a greater

demand than ever

for cut flowers of Orchids,

which evidently proves that these charming and curious flowers are becoming more popular every day.

Many

interesting and unpublished hybrids have flowered in the estab-

lishment of one of our principal cultivators, M. Ch. Vuylsteke, of Loochristy.

Cypripedium X Jupiter, derived from C. Boxalii atratum % x and C. hirsutissimum $, has the dorsal sepal very dark, with a light green apex, and the ciliated margin white, the petals strongly undulated, yellowish green in their

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

basal portion, the remainder purple, and the
lip

61

most resembling that of the

C. x
Its

seed parent.

The peduncle has

also the long hairs of this species.

in recent years.
,?.

Eurydice

is

one of the most beautiful hybrids raised

parents are C. X
is

Leeanum superbum
is

% and C. hirsutissimum

Its

growth
C.

robust; the dorsal sepal

most

like that of the

mother, but more beauin

tiful,

and the

rest of the flower

about intermediate

form and colour.

x Zampa and C. x Erato are two other beautiful hybrids now in flower, which were described at page 118 of your last volume. M. Vuylsteke has
also

two beautiful

Odontoglossums, introduced
is
is

from Columbia, which

Coelogyne cristata.

appear to be natural hybrids, one

a perfume of hyacinths, the other

much

like

O. x Wilckeanum, and has

like

dark and smells

to be

abandoned on account of the cold, but that of the Orchideene of Brussels was one of the most brilliant yet held by that Society. Eleven First-class Diplomas of Honour were awarded, as follows : To Maxillaria Lindenias, Cypripedium x Madouxiat

The January meeting

Ghent had

anum, Epidendrum Wallisii

yerani,

var.,

and Cattleya hybrid unnamed (Mossia; x

Cattleya amethystoglossa var.
Tre;

Percivaliana), from Messrs. Linden;

and Cattleya hybrid unnamed (gigas x Trianae), from M. Treyeran Cypripedium x Denisianum, from M. Madoux C. hybrid unnamed, from
;

M. G. Warocque

C.
;

from M. Dallemagne

from M. G. Miteau Odontoglossum sp., and O. Wambekeanum, from M. Van Wambeke.

Paulii,
;

Other exhibits were numerous and many of them extremely good.

ORCHIDS AT THE

ROYAL HORTICULTURAL
SOCIETY.

By JOHX WEATHERS.
the unseasonably mild weather, there was a splendid Owing, no doubt, to Royal Horticultural Society's meeting at the Drill display of Orchids at the

Westminster, on January 16th. Hall, James Street, was awarded to the President, Sir Trevor A Silver Banksian Medal
White), for a group of rare plants. An Lawrence, Bart. (gr. Mr. W. H. Dendrobium x Hebe (D. Findlayanum $ x D. Award of Merit was given to variety with a pale primrose lip, and a white-blush x Ainsworthii
t),

the totally distinct D. x Dido a form derived from the same parents as deep maroon blotch in the white rosewith rose-purple segments and a was awarded to the deep brown-red A Botanical Certificate tipped lip. Epidendrum polybulbon, a species with Rolfeanum, and also to

Mormodes

Fine specimens of Coelogyne and yellow segments and a white brown Calypso, Oakwood variety, were also graminifolia and Cypripedium X
lip.

shown.

62

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

W.

U. Appleton, Esq., F.R.H.S., Tyn-y-Coed, Weston-super-Mare, exhibited Cypripedium Bullenianum Appletonianum, and flowers of Lselia albida and its variety sulphurea as well as two distinct forms of Cattleya
;

Walkeriana.
F. A. Bevan, Esq., F.R.H.S.
sent the Trent Park variety of
violet
(gr.

Mr.

W. H.

Lees), Trent Park, Barnet,

Dendrobium Phalanopsis, a white form with

(gr.

marks on the
C.

lip.

Norman
Mr.

Cookson, Esq., F.R.H.S., Oakwood, Wylam-on-Tyne

W.

Murray), exhibited Calanthe x William Murray (C. vestita rubro-

X C. x Williamsii $), with white segments and a dark crimson and C. x Bryan (raised from the same parents), having creamy white lip An Award of Merit was granted to each plant. flowers with a purple eye.
oculata $
;

De

Barri Crawshay, Esq., F.R.H.S., Rosefield, Sevenoaks (gr. Mr. S.

Lselia
varieties of

x Crawshayana, and some glossum x Ruckerianum and O. X Andersonianum. A Bronze Banksian Medal was awarded to Mr.
Cooke), exhibited

Odonto-

Crispin, F.R.H.S., J. Fishponds, Bristol, for a fine collection of thirty varieties of Cypripedium.

W. H.
C.

Evans, Esq., Ford Abbey, Chard, Somerset

Fincken, Esq., F.R.H.S.,

(gr.

Mr.

J.

Crook),

sent a few spikes of Lselia anceps.

W.

Milburn), contributed varieties of

Hoyland Hall, Barnsley (gr. Mr. Odontoglossum Rossii majus and Laelia

anceps Schrcederiana.

An Award
Welwyn,

of Merit

was given
J.

C. x Veitchii $) shown by Mr.

Calanthe x Florence (C. X bella $ X H. Fitt, F.R.H.S., The Frythe Garden?,

to

the flowers being mottled with purple and white, and having a

deep purple eye.

G. H. Goulten, Esq., Somerset Villa,

strong plant of

Camley Park Road, exhibited a Cypripedium x Goultenianum (C. Curtisii $ X C. callosum $),

which had the lip of C. Curtisi and the sepals and petals of C. callosum. Mr. W. Head, F.R.H.S., Crystal Palace, exhibited Cattleya Trianae
albens, which has almost pure white flowers.

A.

J.

Hollington, Esq., F.R.H.S., Forty Hill, Enfield

(gr.

Mr. Ayling),
sent

exhibited several

W.
A

R.

new hybrid Cypripediums. Lee, Esq., F.R.H.S., Beech Lawn, Audenshaw, Manchester,

a specimen of Cypripedium x Leo.

distinct

form of Cypripedium insigne and flowers of the Southgate

variety of Cattleya Percivaliana

Side, Southgate.

came from Messrs. Lewis and

Co.,

Chase

Long

after the

Orchid Committee had dispersed, came a consignment of

with a bright yellow

plants from the Pare Leopold, Brussels, sent by Messrs. Linden.

large, white-flowered Maxillaria Lindenia;,
lip,

The may

perhaps be best described by saying that

it is

M. venusta greatly enlarged.

Zygopetalum Clsesianum having deep green segments blotched with blackish

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

purple and a white
lip

63
of

veined with deep violet

two splendid specimens

fluffy

the rare and soft pellucid yellow Stenia fimbriata with a

silken lip;

and

charming

variety

of

Odontoglossum
to

x deltoglossum
Messrs. H.

and

O.

Silver Banksian
for

Medal was awarded

in

Low

and Co.,

Clapton,

which Saccolabium bellinum and its variety album, Angraecum caudatum, several Cypripediums and Miltonia Roezli were conspicuous. R. I. Measures, Esq., Cambridge Lodge, Camberwell (gr. Mr. H. Chapa

group

man), obtained a Silver Flora Medal

fine

for a collection in

which 'were many

C.
Spiceri-

Cypripediums, including the charming pale yellow C. insigne Ernesti,

illustre,

C.

x Leeanum
$)
;

C.

Buchanianum

(C.

Druryi ? x

anum
F.

also the remarkable Masdevallia cupularis,

and Pleurothallis

punctulata.

Moore, Esq., F.R.H.S., Botanic Gardens, Glasnevin, Dublin, exhibited splendid spikes of Cyperorchis elegans and Bulbophyllum como-

W.

Flowers of Dendrobium nobile came

from

Mr.

J.

T.

Richardson,

F.R.H.S., Grindon Hall Gardens, Sunderland.

A
St.

Silver Gilt Flora

Medal was awarded

to Messrs. F.

Sander and Co.,

Albans, for a large collection, consisting chiefly

of

numerous white
to L. a.

varieties of Laelia anceps.

First-class Certificate

was given

Ash-

worthiana, a large, distinct, and charming form, pure white, with pale violet

on the side lobes of the expansive lip, the front lobe of which has a few violet marks and a deeper blotch on each side of the bright yellow crest. An Award of Merit went to Phaio-calanthe x Arnoldiae
(not rose-purple) lines

(Calanthe Regnieri $ x Phaius grandifotius

flowers.

),

a hybrid with pinky-buff

Odontoglossum ramosissimum was shown by A. H. Smee, Esq., F.R.H.S., The Grange, Wallington (gr. Mr. Cummins). Thomas Statter, Esq., F.R.H.S., Stand Hall, Whitefield, Manchester (gr. Mr. Johnson), exhibited Laelia x Euterpe and several hybrid Cypripediums, among the latter being a superb form of C. x Edwardii with

fine spike of

flowers deeply suffused with rose.

W. Thompson,
Mr.

Esq., F.R.H.S.,

Walton Grange, Stone,

Staffordshire (gr.

Odontoglossum Rossii, several O. x Andersonianum, and the Walton Grange variety of Laelia a lovely white form with a tinge of yellow in the lip, and showing anceps,

W.

Stevens), exhibited

Stevens's variety of

absence of lines on the side lobes. an entire Veitch and Sons, Chelsea, exhibited Dendrobium x Messrs. James EpidenSophro-cattleya x Veitchii variety roseum euosmum, and its
;
;

drum x

Endresio-Wallisii

Cypripedium x

Niobe

and C. x Morganiae
).

langleyense

(C

superbiens

? X

C. Stonei platytaenium

The

latter

64

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

received a First-class Certificate, and seems to be identical with a good

form of C. X Morganiae.
F. Wigan, Esq., F.R.H.S., Clare

Young), exhibited the rare

with a deep violet

Lawn, East Sheen (gr. Mr. W. H. and very distinct Dendrobium atroviolaceum,
Certificate.
It

which received a First-class

lip.

has greenish yellow flowers

Silver

Banksian Medal was given

to Messrs. B. S.

Williams and Son,

Cypripediums,

Upper Holloway, for a group containing several Oncidium Forbesii, Dendrobium Wardianum, etc.

distinct

CORRESPONDENCE,
W. M. APPLETON,
of Laelia furfuracea. in which
the
it

&c.
place being

Esq., Tyn-y-Coed, Weston-super-Mare, sends a very

dorsal

sepal

is

absent,

its

(apparently) a single petal for

sepals
.u,.; lip

distinctly arises

from the

interior whorl.

are normal, but the

column

is

little

flattened.

ments

to the flower.

Four growths each bear a

single flower,

There are and all are

rather curious, and suggests that the peculiarity hi

characteristic white mealiness of this species.

Two
lip.

ana are

also enclosed, one

much

darker

in

colour than the other, and with a broader

Reginald Young, Esq., Sefton Park, Liverpool, sends a photograph of a splendid specienclosed
is five

inches in diameter and the sepals i^ inches broad.

The

plant

was purchased

Mr. Young remarks that it is a constant source of pleasure. Laelia anceps Williamsii and L. a. Sanderiana are also very fine, the latter bearing five flowers on the Maxillaria grandiflora. Lycaste tfoungii, Cypripedium X Williamsii, and Odontospike.
nine others.

glossom X Humeanum, also afford evidence of good culture. The other Cypripedium is perhaps nearer C. X discolor than C. X meirax, but both are believed to have the same

flower of Laelia

X Crawshayana, from one

of the type plants,

comes from De Barri

Crawshay, Esq., Rosefield, Sevenoaks. The spike bore four flowers. Two other plants bear spikes of three each. Odontoglossum x Ruckerianum, Crawshay's var. is a bright and prettily coloured form. O. X Andersonianum lobatum is peculiar in the development of the side lobes. The one with yellow ground is apparently a form of O. X baphicanthum with

Cypripedium callosum var. Rossianum, sent by H. J. Ross, Esq., of Florence, is a very fine form, with long rather narrow and very falcate petals, which bear two or three spots in the centre as well as on the outer edge. A fine form of Odontoglossum crispum has eleven flowers on the spike, the segments broad and of the purest white, and a few very light cinnamon spots on the front of the lip. Selenipedium Klotzschianum is correct. Laelia anceps Sanderiana, one form unusually small. Many thanks for painting. T. Rawlings, Birches Green. The Cattleya Trianse bogotensis is a good light-coloured

and 2, Laelia anceps Sanderiana 3, L. a. Williamsii Odontoglossum ramosissimum Cypripedium X Ceres C. X fascinator may be considered a fine variety of the same Laelia anceps typical, a fine dark form. Photograph of Cypripedium Godefroyte leucochilum received, with O. O. W., Bury.
F. B. Walmsley, Mossley Hill,
;

TO LET.

THE ORCHID ALBUM

Comprising Coloured Figures and Descriptions of

NEW, RARE, AND BEAUTIFUL ORCHIDACEOUS PLANTS

cultivated in this Country.

ROBERT WARNER, F.L.S., F.R.H.S., Author of " Select Orchidaceous Plants BENJAMIN SAMUEL WILLIAMS, F.L.S., F.R.H.S., Author of " The Orchid Growers' Manual," &c. THOMAS MOORE, F.L.S., F.R.H.S. HENRY WILLIAMS, F.L.S., F.R.H.S. and WILLIAM HUGH GOWER, F.R.H.S. The Coloured Figures by JOHN NUGENT FITCH, F.L.S. Dedicated by special
Conducted by
;
;
; ;

permission to H.R.H. the Princess of Wales.

It is issued in

Royal Quarto, and the Text comprises English Botanical Descriptions of the Plants

figured,

B. S.

WILLIAMS

PUBLISHED BY

&,

SON,
N.

VICTORIA AND PARADISE NURSERIES,

UPPER HOLLOWAY, LONDON,

TO LET.

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MANUAL OF ORCHIDACEOUS PLANTS,

IN

CULTIVATED UNDER GLASS

GREAT BRITAIN.

NOW READY:Part I. ODONTOGLOSSUM. Price, 7s. 6d. by post, 7s. ad Part II.-CATTLEYA and LjELIA. Price, 10s. 6d. by post, Part IIIDENDROBIUM. Price, 10s. 6d. by post, 10s. gd. Part IV. CYPRrPEDIUM. Price, 10s. 6d. by post, 10s. gd. MASDEVALLIA and allied genera. Price, 7 s. 6d. Part Part VI.C02LOGYNE, EPIDENDRUM, &c. Price, 10s. 6d Part VII. PHALiENOPSIS, AERIDES, VANDA, &c. Price, Part VIII. ONCIDIUM and MILTONIA. Price. 10s. 6d. b; Part IX. CYMBIDIUM, ZYGOPETALUM, L
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544. KING'S

ORCHIDS
A SPECIALITY.
Mersrs.

ORCHIDS!
ORCHIDS!!
ORCHIDS!!!
ESTABLISHED & IMPOETED.

Charlesworth,
INSPECTION CORDIALLY INVITED.

SlmttlewortMCo.
Heaton,
Have
a large

BRADFORD,
fine stock of establishes

HUGH LOWS Co.,

Upper Clapton,

and

and imported Orchids.

INSPECTION INVITED.

LONDON.

<

>

fame's

Orchid

Protector.

ORCHID PEAT.

[ALL.

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THE ORCHID
NOTES.
At

REVIEW.

the last meeting of the Royal Horticultural Society, held on February

13th, there

was a magnificent display

kingdom.
for

of Orchids, sent

from about thirty

fifty

collections throughout the

Six groups and over

subjects

were entered

the consideration of the Orchid Committee.

report

appears on another page.

Two

meetings of the Society will be held during March, on the 13th and

27th, respectively,

when

the Orchid Committee will meet at the usual hour

The Williams' Memorial Fund

Memorial Medal
for the best

trustees have decided to offer a Williams'

at the

group of Cypripediums exhibited

Temple
and

Show

of the

Royal Horticultural Society, to be held on

May

23rd, 24th,
are,

25th next.

These plants are becoming so numerous, and

moreover,
flowering

extremely popular, so that an interesting exhibition of the

kinds and a spirited competition

summer

may

'be

anticipated.

fine plant of the

is

remarkable Cycnoches Loddigesii, the original species

of the genus,

now

flowering at Kew, one raceme bearing four fine male

flowers, while a second

It
is

one

is

pushing, which will flower somewhat later.

to

be hoped that the females, formerly

known

as C. cucullatum,

may

appear

now

that the species

is

is

again in cultivation.
p.

The very

interesting

history of the species

*

given on

165 of our last volume.

at

Speaking of structural alterations

Kew, the February number

of the

Kew now

Bulletin states that the Masdevallia Pit has been reconstructed,

and

is

span-roofed, and on a level with the adjoining range of private Orchid

66

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

Cypripedium spectabile is noted by Mr. Nicholson, in the Kew Bulletin for February, as one of the features of interest in the garden of Mr. H. H. Hunnewell, of Wellesley, Mass. It thrives exceedingly in the bog garden,

and a large mass

of

it

has produced a considerable number of double-flowered

The good

old

Phaius grandifolius
in

plant which has enjoyed over a

century of uninterrupted existence

grown with the greatest success in the collection of T. W. Swinburne, Esq., Corndean Hall, Winchcombe, Cheltenham. Some of the many spikes are five feet high, and have remarkably fine flowers. One of them is curiously abnormal, and consists of only four segments. As far as can be made out, the dorsal sepal
is

European gardens

is

absent, and a fragment of the

is

lip is

united with one of the petals.

The

column

imperfect, and the spur nearly suppressed.

Mr. Swinburne has also over half a dozen plants of a hybrid between Cypripedium Lawrenceanum $ and Selenipedium x Sedeni $, which he
hopes to flower soon.

This

is

interesting, as

many

people have tried to

to have

cross the two genera together, without success.

Messrs. Veitch, however,

have a hybrid between C. barbatum and

flowered long ago, but
it

S.

caudatum which ought

steadily refuses to do so.

At the Great Horticultural Exhibition to be held at Antwerp on

Orchids will occupy a prominent place, and,

May

13th, 14th, and 15th next, in connection with the Exposition Universelle,

among

other prizes, twelve gold

medals are

offered, of the value

of three hundred,

two hundred, and one

hundred francs.
At the International Exhibitions to be held at Tourcoing on May 19th, and at Lille on June 3rd, Orchids will also occupy a prominent place.

The February number

" Orchids," by Mr.

W.

Magazine contains an article A. Styles, Editor of Garden and Forest.

of Scribner's

entitled

OBITUARY.
We regret to
attention
to

learn of the death of Mr. Frederick George Tautz, of Dibdin

House, Ealing, which took place on February 1st last, in his 49th year. The deceased gentleman was an enthusiastic Orchidist, and paid special
Cypripediums, the collection which he formed at Studley House, Hammersmith, which was dispersed a few years ago, being then

one of the best

in existence.

In his

considerable collection, including

not yet flowered.

His name

is

new home he had again got together a a large number of seedlings which have commemorated in Cypripedium x Taut-

zianum, the beautiful hybrid raised by Messrs. Veitch from C. niveum and C. barbatum.

THE ORCHID REVIEW,

f>

DIES ORCHIDIAN^.
We
this.

Britishers are excellent growers of Orchids, as

is

well

known.

Our

splendid specimens and admirable

show

of

bloom

afford sufficient proof of

Yet our houses are badly lighted, and

insufficiently ventilated.

ventilators are too few, too small, and are hardly ever opened.

Our Sometimes

they are covered with perforated zinc, through which hardly any air passes,

and sometimes too little top air is afforded. Our temperatures at least for Odontoglossums and Masdevallias are excessive. We usually keep our
plants too dry
plants,

in fact,

and attach so that we keep our Orchids extremely dry even during their growth. Almost everywhere we cover our stages with a thick layer of coke or charcoal, which does not allow the air
to circulate

we trust entirely to the much importance to it

resting season to ripen our

between the pots. that vigorous growth which

Belgian methods.

more slender floral repose, and especially they give more

And what is the result ? There is not seen is shown in plants grown according to the Our Orchids are less green, have fewer roots, and much stems. The Belgians water much more, give a less long
air,

of the thousand little matters of detail

and are most attentive observers which are of such great importance.

rub

my
it

eyes in astonishment, and wonder

is in

can

have been dreaming?

No

there

black and white, a rather tremendous indictment of the

English Orchid-grower and his methods, by his Belgian compeer. But are our houses so badly lighted and ventilated? And have the Belgians a monopoly of open stages, and of the knowledge that light and air are
necessary for the
strange indeed
if,

successful

cultivation of

these plants

It

would be

after preaching these truths for so

many

years,

we should
in

cease to practise them.

I

But the proof

I

of the

pudding

is in

the eating, and

do not hesitate to say that

have seen Odontoglossums cultivated

England with pseudobulbs larger than the imported ones, with foliage of the richest green, and with flowers of a size and substance which some of our Belgian friends would like to beat, while the size of the inflorescence left nothing to be desired. There are English collections in which Odontoglossums are not well grown, just as there are Belgian ones. On the other
have seen exceptionally well-grown ones from both countries, and 1 have yet to see Belgian specimens superior to those of our best English
hand,
I

collections.

The

Belgians,

it

is true,

matter of cheap tobacco.

have one important advantage over us in the Thrips are a terrible pest to many Orchids, and

Odontoglossums form no exception to the rule, while it is doubtful whether any antidote has been discovered of equal value to tobacco. In England, however, it becomes an expensive article, as the refuse which the Belgians

68
utilise so largely

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

cannot be had, and some of the substitutes are either less Fogs, again, do not trouble efficient or sold at an almost prohibitive price. the Belgian cultivator, or at all events not those highly charged with smoke

and deleterious gases, as

large towns.
If

in the

neighbourhood of London and some of our

all

our Belgian friends can beat us, by

first

means

let

us

know

why, but

let

them

send us the proofs.

Last month

alluded to Ccelogyne cristata and

its

varieties.

They

are

now
of

literally

one blaze of colour

if

the term

may

be applied to an Orchid
all

such spotless purity.

Orchids, not
nobile,
if

Surely this must be one of the very best of

cultivated

even surpassed by Odontoglossum crispum and

it

Dendrobium
into

the ease with which

of
its

can be cultivated be taken

clear

consideration.

Two

varieties

stand out

and

distinct,

namely, alba and Lemoniana, though one or two others also possess certain
distinguishing characters.
I

have been rather curious to learn the origin of

first-named
is

these two fine forms.

The

an albino

white Orchid known

hololeuca.

and was described

perhaps the purest

in

by Reichenbach

1881 as variety
for at
le; st

But

it

had then been known under the name of alba

two years, and how much longer I am unable to say, for it is recorded in 1879 by Mr. J. D. Richards that two large plants of it were in flower at Oakley House, Gledhow, Leeds, and that it bloomed later than the ordinary
form under the same treatment.

This was certainly not

can

its first

appearance.

Perhaps some of your

readers

throw further

light

on the point.

Lemoniana is stated to have appeared in the collection of the late Sir Charles Lemon, many years age certainly long before 1881, when two or It has three records appeared. It was named after Sir Charles Lemon.

though which is the older name I am not This recalls to my mind an amusing incident about it. Mr. Ridley, sure. in a paper read at the Orchid Conference at Liverpool, remarked that the Lemoniana was unobjectionable, " though the error made by its name
also been called variety citrina,
original
call

namer,

in

imagining that Lemoniana meant lemon-coloured,

expense."
I

may

up a laugh

at his

cannot repress a smile, but

it

is

not at the

expense of the original namer.

observe in the Gardeners' Chronicle for February 17th, an appreciative article on Cypripediums at Stand Hall, over the signature of " A." It is
I

undoubtedly true that these plants are coming to the front, and that the want of colour and variety about many of the exotic species is rapidly
being obviated by cross-breeding and hybridisation, which has given an immense impetus to the formation of collections in general. But I am
afraid that the writer does not read his Orchid Review very carefully.

He

makes Cypripedium Spicerianum one

of the parents of C.

X Edwardii,

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

instead of the rare C. Fairieanum.

69

one of the Veitchian hybrids,

x Desboisianum is spoken of as whereas it was raised by Messrs. Vervaet.

C.
ciliolare is called C.

The
is

cross between C.

niveum and
for

x Halaighi, which
C.

presumably does duty

C X

Aylingii, its proper

it is

name.

Sanderianum
is

also mentioned, but from the context

certain that that species

writer,

not

intended, but C. insigne

Sanderianum.

The

however,

is
its

correct

about C. X Lucienianum, which evidently had C. insigne for one of

parents,

and not C. bellatulum or C. x cenanthum superbum, as originally described.

When
x

saw the hybrid

Alas
!

immediately recognised

it

as a variety of

C.

nitens.

that the crop of

errors should be so prolific.

Dendrobium
derived from
it,

nobile and
are

its

numerous

varieties, togethei with the hybrids

now

flowering in great profusion

all

round, and

am
of

much

struck with the great

itself
still

amount
form,

of

variation they r iresent.

Even

D. nobile
nobilius,

we now have
premier

a large

number
in

of

dist: inct

varieties,

as

the

ccerulescens,

Schoede irianum, elegans,

Sanderianum, the charming Ballianum,

is

which the m; iroon of the disc

absent, the beautiful albiflorum and the very similar Amesia?, to say

nothing of the curious sports, Tollianum and Cooksoniar mm.

And

others

have received distinctive names

bewildering.

in fact, so

And

the

hybrids, their

many exist as name is legion.

;

to

become rather First come the

D. x Leechianum, and D. x splendidissimum

then those with Falconeri

;

also Venus and D. x Cassiope, respectively D. x Dominianum, from Linawianum, and D. X euosmum, in which the hybrid D. x endocharis played a part. Truly we have a wealth of beauty

and

japonicum,

D.

in

these charming plants.

Cypripedium Charlesworthii has appeared

flowering

in

force,

and an extensive

may

be anticipated next autumn.

Besides the original importa-

tion of Messrs. Charlesworth,

Shuttleworth and Co. we have a small one

distributed by Messrs. Lewis, and

now

Messrs.
five

Hugh Low and

test, for

Co. have
for sale.

received a

lot,

and the other day offered

hundred healthy plants

the

Its value as a decorative plant will

soon be put to the

numerous
its

plants which

have seen are doing well, and

will doubtless flower freely

when
C.

their proper season

comes round.
if

It will

be interesting to observe

range of variation and see

distinct varieties appear.

The mysterious

Fairieanum, however,
it

still

eludes our collectors.

raise
it

Why
?

do not the

hybridists take

in

hand and

true from seed

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

NEUWIEDIA LINDLEYI.
Probably very few Orchid growers are acquainted with the remarkable Malayan genus Neuwiedia. Indeed, it is doubtful whether any of the
species were introduced
to

Europe

until

two or three years ago.

Now,

however, one of them has flowered at Kew. The floral organs of most Orchids are so profoundly modified that all resemblance to those of an ordinary monocotyledon seems to be lost but those of the present genus
;

form a most instructive exception. Here we find three nearly free stamens, with linear anthers, and a slender style characters which at first sight seem incompatible with those of an ordinary Orchid. The plants have

the habit of Curculigo and bear erect spikes of yellow flowers, not unlike those of Calanthe curculigoides, but longer, narrower, and without a spur.

The ovary

is

precisely that of an

Orchid or,

at least, that of Selenipedium,

being three-celled with axile placentation and the seeds are also similar, both in structure and appearance. And as to the other peculiarities, appearances are rather deceptive. Closer examination reveals the fact
that the stamens and style are united into a short column at the base,

and also that the three stamens are those present

the dorsal one
is

in

Cypripedium, though
In both

not modified into a staminode, as in that genus.

the three stamens are situated on the back of the flower, while the three

on the front are suppressed, which ordinary monocotyledonous flower has

is

an interesting

peculiarity.
in

An
alter-

six

stamens, arranged

two

nating whorls of three each, one within the other. Occasionally either the outer or inner whorl is absent, but in the present instance the suppressed stamens are two of the outer whorl and one of the inner,

which accounts

for the

remaining three being

all

on one side of the flower.

The

present genus, together with Apostasia, were formerly considered as representing a distinct family, the Apostasieae, and there are those who
still

would

keep them apart.

is

The
retained

fact

Apostasieae are
of their simple

ancestral

Orchids plants which

have

monocotyledonous structure, while many of their brethren have become profoundly modified and a brief examination of their characters affords a wonderful insight into the mysteries of

much

the

family generally,

for

all,

however

highly specialised,

are

simply

modifications of the

same

type.

character in which Orchids differ most from ordinary monocotyledons, and to which no exception can be taken, is in the structure of the seeds the minute homogeneous embryo with wrinkled testa but this

The one

they possess in

common

with Burmanniaceas.

The. latter Order, howstamens may be present

Orchids are invariably

ever, has regular flowers, in

which both whorls

of

or the outer or inner one entirely suppressed.

irregular in structure at least in the arrangement of the stamens

and

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

here again
is
is

71

an absolute difference.

The

first

subdivision of the Orchideae

two or more stamens the Diandrae and only one the Monandrae the former with simple pollen latter having them united in fours, or still further aggregated The Diandrae are further divisible into two marked tribes, and Cypripedieae, whose differences may be briefly defined. In
into those with

those with
grains,
in

the

masses.

Apostasieae Apostasieae

the perianth

is

regular or nearly so, the column very short, the anthers

;

elongated, the pollen dry, and the style very slender

while in Cypripedieae

the perianth

is

highly irregular by the modification of one petal into a

pouch, the column more developed, the anthers globose, and the pollen
grains

agglutinated
all

together

by a viscid exudation.

There

are

other

characters, but

are liable to exception.

For example, Apostasieae have

three-celled

ovary with axile placentation, but so has Selenipedium,

while the dorsal stamen

may

be modified into a staminode in Apostasieae,

though

it is

never shield-shaped, as in Cypripedieae.

we find three distinct types of structure, which evidently represent the same number of genera. In the first the three stamens are all perfect, and this characterises Neuwiedia, a genus of six known species.
In Apostasieae
In the second type the dorsal stamen
is

modified into a subulate staminode,

in the third the

and the anthers are linear-oblong with unequal bases, but

dorsal

stamen

is

entirely suppressed,

and the anthers are equal and cordate

at the base.

The second
it

type

is

that of the genus Apostasia, as originally

described, and the third

to distinguish

was

called Apostasia section Adactylus, in order

from the original.

But

it

is

evidently a good genus, which

may

bear the latter name.

Apostasia, as thus limited, comprises four

species, three

Indo Malayan and one tropical Australian, while Adactylus

Iatifolius

has three, A. nudus, A. Lobbii, and A.

respective

(which formerly bore these

names under Apostasia),

all

of

them Indo-Malayan.
development of the same
retained

In the Cypripedieae
structural
type,

we

find simply a higher

and one

of the

two genera

Selenipedium has

the

more ancestral Apostasies. To separate Apostasieae as a distinct Order, while at the same time including CypriThe gap which pedieae among Orchids, is simply to ignore the facts. separates Monandrae from Diandrae is far wider, but, taking all things into consideration, I should consider the two as distinct suborders only. In the Monandrae the aggregation and displacement of parts has been the carried much further, and the dorsal stamen of the outer whorl
ovarian

character of the

staminode of Cypripedieae is alone perfect, though others are potentially In present as wings of the column and other staminodial appendages.
addition to the

compound
pistils

pollen-grains,

it

is

in this

suborder alone that

becomes modified into the rostellum, while the two remaining ones are represented by the stigma. This highly specialised group has grown and multiplied exceedingly, and comprises the four great
one of the three

72
tribes, Neottiese,

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

Ophrydese, Epidendreae, and Vandese, and

tribes

in fact, the great

is

bulk of the Order.

original

This

rather a

digression from our

starting

point, but

so

many
this

people take an intelligent interest in the structure and economy of

remarkable family that no further apology

may

be offered.

Further

particulars
twenty-fifth

may

be found in

my Review
of

of the Apostasieas published in the

volume of the Journal Neuwiedia Lindleyi is a native

in

of the Linnean Society.

Borneo and the Island

p. 232,
t.

of

Penang.

Neuwiedia Lindleyi, Rolfe

Journ. Linn. Sac., xxv.

48, figs. 10-12.

R. A. Rolfe.

DENDROBIUM ATROVIOLACEUM.
This
is

a very beautiful species from

New

Guinea, which was introduced

by Messrs. James Veitch and Sons, of Chelsea, about four years. It is allied to D. macrophyllum, A. Rich., though readily distinguished by the
absence of the green moss-like covering to the ovary, and the much brighter

and more handsome

a few green markings.

flowers.

The

sepals

and petals are pale primrose-

yellow, spotted with dusky brown, and the lip very deep violet-purple with

Fortunately

it

has proved amenable to cultivation,

Esq., Clare
of the

and a healthy plant East Sheen (gr. Mr.

cultural
Certificate.

was exhibited by F. Wigan, W. H. Young), at the meeting

16th
last,

Lawn,

Royal HortiFirst-class

Society on January

when

it

received a

One growth

carried a

raceme
It is

of eight flowers, while a second

one had four buds not yet expanded.

Dendrobium atroviolaceum, Rolfe
in

a very handsome species.

i.

Card. C/iron., 1890,

p. 512.

CHYSIS BRUENNOWIANA.
At the Royal Horticultural Society's meeting held on December 12th
last,

a very distinct Chysis was exhibited by Messrs. F. Sander and Co., of

St.

Albans, under the provisional

name

of C.

Oweniana.
also

It has,

however,

proved to be

C. Bruennowiana, a species

described in 1857 from dried

species collected by Warscewicz, in Peru,

whence

Messrs. Sander's

plants were obtained.

for

It

would appear
it

to

have been

in cultivation before,

Reichenbach spoke

of

as likely soon to flower in the collection of

Hen

Briinnow, of Berlin, but

it

was probably soon afterwards

lost.

It

has the

general habit of the genus, but the flowers are borne several together in a

raceme, and are prettily suffused with pink on a light-yellow ground. forms an interesting addition to the genus.
Chysis Bruennowiana, Rchb.
f.

It

and Warseew.

in Bot.

ZJt., xv. p. 157.

R. A. R.

WILLIAM WESLEY &

Scientific
28,

SON,

Booksellers
Street,

anfc

publishers,

Essex

Strand,

LONDON.

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VOL.
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PART

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;

mostly Coloured, large 8vo

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of the Cape Peninsula; a Sketch of the Flora of

ppiee 21s, nett.

In no part of the world are the members of this distinguished family of plants South Africa. of more varied form, and Few. as yet have been made at home in the conservatories of Europe, both because they have been little known, and because the cultivation of the many terrestrial makes a greater demand upon the skill of the 5] J ies which abound in that region spe< ies. But when once these difficulties are overn do the ivaior t rith its lovely pure blue come, it seems probable that the flowers, D.ferruginea, D. porrecta (all here figured), besides the pale blue D. /,'/;/< 1

come

as deservedly popular as that unrivalled Queen of terrestrial orchids, the Disa Nearly all the species here figured have been drawn on the spot from gra idifli ra. < to delineate them accuspecimens trul

rately

For the botanical student, careful dissections are in every case given, and every care has been bestowed upon the nomenNine new species are here described and of the great maclature a;td synonymy. the 51 S] ies here figured, no figures have ever previously appeared. jorit] A second part is in course of active preparation.

and

to describe their native haunts.

<

From

THE GARDENERS' CHRONICLE,

i

Sept. 30, 1893.

especially

(For Orchid

ICONES
I

ORCHIDEARUM.
I

coloured

drawings given, a

English, are given even to the most minute details, and the

affinities

and

'\-'"'y}-."--

"

ept four) plates are given,

'

and they are remarkable

'

for

-~

-.
i

:.

.'

:
.

;:

'

.:

..

..h
.

-,-.

\Galpini. Brownleea
::
'-

Turning

to the figures of the plan

'

'
.

::.

>:/-/

;;

'
;

';

-.

..
^

-..:.,
"'

'''.'.

'

'V

'

"

'''

'

.'"'.::

.,

..

. .

it

with the plant." f "*

'

lantl whidTar serve to occupy,

^d*

" gardeners ' the

r'

cxampk^Disa

home-raised hybrids of fine quality take, for instance,

1 >i

'

'

;
'

..

.......

forward for Us successors, which

we

sincerely trust

its

talented author will have leisure to elaborate.

From
These
fifty

JOURNAL OF BOTANY.
en

November, 1893.
,,

excellent pi r 1 ne species select

F]ora are indeed welcome

and we
is

the order

order a task for which he

lld

confcr

\ s &,

Flora Cafensis,

ct

flowers so complex in detail from a soppy mess.

W. Wesley and Son,

>

The auth
London.

28,

Essex

Street, Strand,

r
ICONES ORCHIDEARUM.

:,-......

:
.

'

:
.

.fa ik-w
}

>|ic l -i L-s

and

its

variety, wa/fl/-.

/)/.

supphc

a h, Kll

,,...,.

,,.

,th

gum-

lab-

27 59 being

ducted

to

Herbarium a />^/a collected by Zeyher (No.

1584), CT

figured in the

Mm NATURE, Nov.
plat
-.

16, 1S93.

tan nig

rigi r t-s

- text

comprises

:
1

'

:''.

<-e\eral

points of interest about the work, one or two of which

.-'.-..
-

may be mentioned

ter

and now,

after a lapse off

tot

has discovered

W. Wesley and Son,

28,

Essex

Street, Strand,

London.

ICONES ORCHIDEARUM.

"

..
-.

"

'

\
-

'''t':\
.-.
.

.''
.;.

:'yr

''

''

':'
' . :

::
"
.

'

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'

^'''
.

..

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;
'

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v

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.:"

: '

plant

Am

...

g wartz

.-

n( -j

From

THE ORCHID REVIEW,

September, 1893.

W.
reign
sale,

WESLEY & SOX

works in all is entitled

be glad to receive offers of, and orders for, English or departments of BOTANY. Their Catalogue of Botanical works,
will

BIBLIOTHECA BOTANICA,
NTENTS:Vtut I. Geographical
Botany.

General Works

Arctic Flora

Flora of Europe

Mirations, Transactions an
Part III.-

C
:

Fu :

h(&
AN D SON,

Desmids and Diatoms igi ; Mosses and Flepatic

;

Part

IV.

-S
-EY

and General Botany.

Agriculture:

Gardenii

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; ;8,

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ano publisbers,

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ESSEX STREET, STRAND, LONDON.

ORCHID LITERATURE.
1

Babington (C. History and Ge neral Treatment of Orchidaceae Bainbridge (B.)

C) On

the Neotti a

gemmipara

of Smith, with plate ,4to(P.),i844,6d

Baldwin (H.) The orchids of N< >w England, Bateman (J.) Second Century

Svo, cloth,

New

Yort
i

from the Subjects

published in Curtis's " Botani< 100 coloured plates, royal 4to, cloth, 1867, s 5 s Monograph of Odontogl ossum, a Genus of the Vandcou: Section of Orchidcoloured pla tes, and engravings, imperial fol., doth, 1874, ^6 1 6s 6d aceous Plants, 30 Bauer (P.) Illustrations of orcr liclaceous plants, with notes and
;

J.

Lindley, fructification, pla-

\&

5s

Beitraege zur Morphologie und Biologie der Orchid) Beer (J. G.) and engravings, folio, \Vien, 1863 (pub. 1 10s), 13s bd plates 2s 6d 7 Bentham (O.) Notes on orchideae, Svo (P.), 1881, Orchids of the Cape Peninsula, with 36 plates, partly coloured, S Bolus (HO The

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}a

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.

Cogniaux (A.) Orchidaceae 1893,^2

.

--

14

Darwin (00 Va
Godefroy-Leheuf (A
and N. E.

which orchids are

fertilized

by

insects,

15

Brown A Monograph
,

of Cypripedium, in Frer

History,
16

Cultural Treatment,

Part

I.,

with an account .of their Origin Botani 8 coloured plates, large 4to, Argente

Hemsley (W. BO Svnonvmv

W. Wcsu-.

of the Orchidaceous Genus Didymoplexis and O. pallens after Flowering, plate, Svo (R), 1883, is Elongation of the Pedicels of

London.

6
17

ORCHID LITERATURE.
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Practical Treatise

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18

on the Cultivation of Orchidaceous Plants, with Geographical Distribution, and Catalogue, coloured frontispiece,
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ultivated species,

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epiphyt. Orchideen, 8vo, Heidelberg 1877,

<

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G
and 35 engravings,
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plates

Wien

1881,

2
1886,

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27

Morphologische Studien uber die Orchideenbliithe, 8vo, Heidelberg

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THE ORCHID GROWERS' MANUAL.

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THE ORCHID REVIEW.

LYCASTE SKINNERI ARMENIACA.

Tin;
eautiful

Lycaste Skinneri

armeniaca, one of the ornaments of the colle

of Sefton Park, Liverpool, from

of Reginald
1

Young, Esq.,

whom we

re

the photograph, together

with a fresh flower and the following interesting remarks

:
was

"The photograph

represents a portion of the original plant which

Committee of the Royal Horticultural Society on March n, 1890, when it was awarded a First-class Certificate (votes unanimous), under the name of Lycaste Skinneri, Young's variety. It was at the same time well and tersely described ;inet\

exhibited before the Orchid

Fi-

the counterpart of the best form of Lycaste Skinneri alba, but the Iabellum

has over

it

a shade of pinkish orange or apricot colour, and the petals the

faintly

same hue more variety.' It was

displayed.

It

is

a very charming and unique

name
and
I

of

and described in Reichenbachia, under the Lycaste Skinneri armeniaca. In March, 1892, it bore six blooms,
also

figured

in February, last year, only two.

It

was then
for

decided to try the

it

effects of hybridisation.

Looking around
in

something to cross
at
all

with,
to

could

find

nothing

my

collection

which appeared

likely

produce a prettier or more beautiful flower, and taking into consideration


74

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

itself, I

the rarity and value of the variety

determined to cross one flower

with the pollen of the other.

is

The

seed pod as depicted in the photograph

the result.

The

flower was fertilised on February 20, 1893, and about

ripe.

eleven months later the pod was fully

in

The

seed has

now been sown

two

pots, Maxillaria grandiflora

and Lselia elegans."

It is certainly

a superb variety, though the photograph gives no idea

It
is

of its elegant colour.

also considerably reduced, but the following

are

the dimensions of the flower

: It measured
lip

slightly over six inches

from

tip to tip of the lateral sepals,

and each sepal was over one inch and

are rather less spreading than in

five-eighths broad.

The

petals

and

some
the

varieties,

and their

light apricot tint, so well

commemorated

in the

name, imparts
feature
into

to the flower a great of this

fine

charm, and contrasts

effectively with

other varieties

plant.

The

capsule

introduces a novel
well in

the illustration, and

we

think Mr.

Young has done

seed.

seeking to increase this unique variety by the method adopted.

interesting to observe whether
it

It will

be

comes true from

LYCASTE SKINNERI ALBA.

would be very interesting to readers of The Orchid Review if Mr. Young would state his mode of treatment, as really his success (see page 64) makes one's mouth water. I was in Paris last week, and saw in a
It

shop close to the Grand Hotel two plants of ordinary Lycaste Skinneri, each with twenty-four blooms, some spikes bearing two flowers. This
struck

me

as being exceptional, but a plant of the variety alba with twenty-

four blooms

must be a

sight worth seeing.

W. W. Palmer.
[We were much
have reproduced
last
it

struck with the beauty of the photograph, and should

but for the circumstance that

fig.

we gave

a figure in our

volume
list

(p.

113,

8) which, by
sepals.

the way, was accidentally omitted

from the

of illustrations at the

end of the volume.

Mr. Young's photo-

graph shows a form with broader

Ed.

NOVELTIES.
L^lia anceps
It
is

var. Hollidayana, O'Brien. A white

district,

variety, intro-

duced from the Orizaba

petals, but a shorter

by Messrs. F. Sander and Co., of St. Albans. evidently very near the one called Dawsoni, having similar broad
with a carmine-crimson blotch on the Gard. Chron., Feb. 10th, p. 166.
lip,

and broader

square front lobe.

75

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

Odontoglossum
lection of

Imperatrice de

Russie. A supposed natural

hybrid between O. Hallii and O. polyxanthum, which appeared in the col-

M. Dallemagne,

of Rambouillet, France.

The

flowers are said to

iv.

be intermediate, both in shape and colour.

p. 360.

L.

Lind., Journ. d. Orch.,

Lycaste LUCIANI, Van Imsch. and Cogn. A Guatemalan species imported by M. A. Van Imschoot, of Ghent, with L. Skinneri, and extremely
near L. Iasioglossa, Rchb.
f.

It is

noted at page 30 of our January number.

Journ.

d. Orch., iv. p. 361.

Catasetum

Finetianum,

L.

Lind.

and

Cogn.

Introduced

from

Columbia by Messrs. Linden, L' Horticulture Internationale, Brussels, but apparently a form of the very variable C. tabulare, Lindl.Journ. d. Orch.
iv. p.

362.

MAXILLARIA Lixdexi.e, Cogn. A beautiful species apparently allied to M. venusta, Lindl., which is dedicated to Madame L. Linden. The flowers
are large, the sepals and petals acuminate, the colour white, with reddish
stripes

on the lateral lobes of the

lip,

and yellow
Onh.,
iv. p.

in front.

It also

was

introduced by Messrs. Linden.

journ.

d.

362.

Maxillaria mirabilis, Cogn. A brilliantly coloured species near M. fucata, Rchb. f., with the same origin as the two preceding. Journ. d.
Orch., iv. p. 363.

THE HISTORY OF ORCHID CULTIVATION.

Part
EI.

(Continued from page

48.

Our
This

last

paper brought us down to the end of the eighteenth century.

its

One
1797.

work, however, commenced before

is

close, deserves a passing mention.

first

Andrews' Botanist's Repository, which

saw the

light

in

The first volume contains figures of Stenorhynchus speciosus (t. 3), Epidendrum cochleatum (t. 13), Habenaria ciliaris (t. 42), and Liparis liliifolia (t. 65), all of which have already been mentioned. The drawing of the first was made in the collection of Lady Archer, of Ham Common the two next in Messrs. Lee and Kennedy's Nursery, at Hammersmith and the last in
;
;

the collection of the Marquis of Blandford.

relates to Orchis globosa, a

record previously overlooked

European

species, said to

have been cultivated

by the

before 1792, by William Pitcairn,

M.D.

The

early years of the

present century were overshadowed

Napoleonic wars, consequently we find that only about thirty additional

76

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

1813,

species were introduced up to

when

the second edition of Alton's

Hortus Kewensis appeared.

These we may now consider. The year 1800 appears to have witnessed the advent of the first East Indian species, when, thanks to the exertions of Sir Joseph Banks, three and species of Geodorum G. citrinum, G. dilatatum, and G. purpureum

Acampe

multiflora were introduced.

Aerides odoratum was also obtained

from Cochin China through the instrumentality of the same gentleman,

while Ponthieva glandulosa was introduced from the

West

Indies by Mr.

Woodford.

Vanilla planifolia was also re-introduced by the Marquis of

it

Blandford, and this time evidently with more success, for soon afterwards

was

well figured by

Andrews

(Bot. Rep.

viii., t.

538) from the collection of

the Right Hon. C. Grenville, of Paddington, the plant being recorded as the
finest in

England.
first

The

Australian

Orchid introduced was

;

obtained by Sir Joseph Banks in 1801

In

in

Dendrobium speciosum, which year the North American

pubescens appeared, being
intro-

Orchis spectabilis was introduced by Francis Masson.

1802 the

North American
the

Goodyera

credited to

H.R.H.

Duke

of

Kent; while Bletia hyacinthina was

duced from China by T. Evans, of the India House. The next addition was Cyrtopodium Andersonii, which was sent from St. Vincent in the West Indies, together with many other fine plants, by A.
Anderson,
in 1804, and,

according to Andrews, flowered

in

the collection of

T. Evans, of Stepney, in 181 1.

The year 1805 was more

glottis picta

prolific,

as seven novelties are recorded.

Sarco-

was received from Trinidad by T. Evans, while another West Indian species, Stelis micrantha, was introduced by the Marquis of Blandford. Disa cornuta and D. spathulata were introduced from the Cape of Good Hope by G. Hibbert. Calypso americana was introduced by R. A. Salisbury from North America, and Habenaria bracteata by Messrs. Napier and Chandler. Lastly, the North European Habenaria hyperborea was obtained by the Right Hon. C. Grenville. Brassia maculata was added to the list in 1806, being introduced from Jamaica by Sir Joseph Banks, and Stenorhynchus orchioides by Mr. WoodHabenaria cristata was also introduced from North America by ford. John Fraser, and Serapias cordigera from South Europe by the Marquis of
Blandford.

In 1808 Cypripedium arietinum was introduced from North America by

Messrs. Chander and Buckingham.

The year 1810 witnessed an

ing six were sent from

irruption of Australian species, as the follow:

Thelymitra
P. obtusa.

ixioides,

South Wales by George Caley Diuris aurea, Caladenia alba, Glossodia major, Pterostylis major, and
also introduced

New

Dendrobium linguiforme was

by Rear-Admiral

Bligh.

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

The
latest introduction recorded in Aiton's
in 1S11.

77
is

work

Oncidium

bifolium,

which appeared with Messrs. Loddiges

figured in the Botanical Magazine
(t.

1491),

The following year it was whence we learn that Messrs.

"

from a gentleman who informed them that he brought it from Monte Video, and that being hung up in the cabin without earth it continued to flower the greater part of the voyage home. We further read
it

Loddiges received

It

seems

to propagate readily

by the bulbs, and promises to be a great

the Botanical Magazine
of the

A
of

succession of figures appeared in

and the

Botanist's Repository,

whence we obtain occasional glimpses

methods

cultivation

followed.
to

One

of

the

first

collections

in

which special

attention

Orchids was that of Mr. Woodford, of Vauxhall an "inexhaustible source of curious plants" whose gardener, Mr. Watson, is said to have been more than ordinarily successful in their management.

was paid

we may note, commencing in 1801, Brassavala cucullata {Bot. Mag., t. 543); Epidendrum cochleatum (t. 572), said to be " now not very uncommon, considering the difficulty
attending the culture of plants naturally parasitical "
;

Among

species figured from his collection

E. elongatum
of the

(t.

611),

which
scens

" continued

in

bloom during nearly the whole

(t.

summer "
1374)
;

Oncidium carthaginese
(t.

a " very rare species " 777),

;

Cypripedium pube(t.

911, as " C. parviflorum")

(t.

Stenorhynchus speciosus

and

Mr. Watson recommended that they should be placed in a shady position in the bark stove, and that the roots should be protected with knobs of old tan, and only sparingly watered, but the air should be kept hot and damp.
1568).

Spiranthes cernua

Another celebrated collection was that of Mr. G. Hibbert, of Clapham Common, where the following drawings were made : Cymbidium sinense
{Andrews' Bot. Rep.,
or leaf
t.

216), "cultivated in one part

(t.

loam and three

of peat

Phaius grandifolius (t.426), noted as a magnificent species which flowers annually in the tan bed from November
;

mould

"

C. ensifolium

344)

compost of drum fuscatum (t. 441).

to April, in a

rich earth

and frequently watered

and Epiden-

From
citrinum
[Bot.

the collection of Mr. T. Evans, "of the India House," Stepney,

Bot.
(t.

we note Satyrium ochroleucum {Andrews'

(t.

Rep.,
;

t.

315);

Geodorum

626)
t.

Cyrtopodium Andersonii
of

651)

and Sarcoglottis picta

Mag.,

1562).

The

collection
it

Messrs. Loddiges, of Hackney, afterwards became

it

famous, hence

is

interesting to note any facts about

in these early days.

Bletia verecunda

was

figured in 1806 (Bot.

Mag,
(t.

t.

930), while Ornithidium

coccineum

(t.

1437) and Oncidium bifolium

of

1491)

came

six years later.

Under

t.

[437, speaking

the

difficulty of cultivating the

"parasitic"
in a

Orchideai,

we read
chiefly

that
of

"

of late years, however, by planting

them

mold

composed

decayed wood, and covering the surface with large


78

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

some
cultivators have succeeded to admiration with

pieces of bark,

many

of

them."

few other figures are worthy of

1807 (Bot. Mag.,
t.

mention.
1036),
is

Thus Stenorhynchus
noted as a rare and

orchioides, figured in
beautiful species

which flowered in the collection of Mr. E. J. S. Woodford, of Rickmansworth Bletia hyacinthina (t. 1492) flowered with Messrs. Lee and Kennedy, of Hammersmith Satyrium carneum (t. 1512) with Mr.
;

Griffin, of

South Lambeth

and Cypripedium arietinum

(t.

1569) with Mrs.

Whitley.

These
the
first
;

facts indicate pretty clearly the condition of Orchid culture during

thirteen years of the present century, the period covered by Aiton's

work

also the location of the principal collections.

The

success attained

by these early pioneers was very moderate, though they were evidently not
lacking in enthusiasm, and indications are not wanting of an attempt to
attain a rational system of culture,

imperfect knowledge of
in their native habitats.

which was largely hampered by a very the natural conditions under which the plants grew Some of them, however, were evidently well-grown,
in

even in these early days, for

first

1815 the following paragraph appeared in the

(t.

volume

of the Botanical Register

17),

under Epidendrum nutans

to find substitutes

"

The

cultivation of tropical parasitic vegetables

it

was long regarded as

for the

hopeless with us;

appeared a vain attempt

effect,

various trees each species might

within the limit of a hothouse.

But

experience has shown, not only that they succeed as easily as any other
plants from the

same climate, but

that,

from the

little

space they occupy,

they are peculiarly well suited to the stove, for which their curious structure

and beauty render them the most desirable acquisitions.

We

are told that

they should be planted superficially in proportionate pots of hazel loam, and

placed on the shelf or the flue of the hothouse, but never plunged into the

bark bed."

Thus the foundations of modern Orchid culture were gradually being laid. Our next paper will show a striking advance in the development of the "cult."
(To be continued.)

CATTLEYA LABIATA PEETERSII.

A
ment
very remarkable form of Cattleya labiata has appeared in the establishof

M. A. A. Peeters, St. Gilles, Brussels, of which we have received the flowers. The colour is an intense rose-purple the darkest we have
seen

but irregularly variegated with

The
It
is

a lighter shade, which gives

it

a very

striking appearance.
streaks.
to

colour even extends

C.

down

the ovary in irregular

somewhat analogous with the description for we have not seen it.
and handsome.

Mossise Peetersii, according

present form
is

The

both very

distinct

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

79

THE HYBRIDI ST.

L.ELIO-CATTLEYA X
DORIS.

Another

extremely beautiful hybrid from Laelia cinnabarina has appeared.

This species has proved eminently satisfactory to the hybridist, having

lent its aid in the

development of a novel and very pleasing colour, which

Laelia

may
L.-c.

be described as a sort of Indian yellow or flame-colour, passing into

shades of orange.

x flammea, Laelio-cattleya x Hippolyta and x Phoebe are examples. Our novelty was obtained by crossing the
species with

same

the pollen

of

Cattleya Trianae,

in

the collection
(gr.

of

Norman
Murray)

C.

Cookson, Esq.,

Oakwood, Wylam-on-Tyne
for the sterling quality of

a collection
in

famed
It

Win. the hybrids which

Mr.

have originated there.

four inches

has

now

flowered for the

first

time on a very
It

small and juvenile plant, a single flower being produced.

diameter, the
sepals and
petals

measures

spreading, of a brilliant

saffron-yellow or light orange, and the petals over an inch broad.

is

The

lip

obscurely three-lobed, strongly undulated, and the front lobe oblong,

slightly

recurved and well expanded.

The

colours

are charming.

The

side lobes are light yellow, also the disc of the front lobe, the latter being

very broadly margined with bright rose-purple.

It is

a most striking thing,

and when the plant has become stronger,

Laelio-cattleya

after

one or two more seasons'

It is

growth, will certainly develop into a great beauty.

comparable to
but
that

X Phoebe,

raised

in

the

same

collection,
lip.

has

flowers of a

much deeper orange and

CYPRIPEDIUM X

a quite distinct

MORGANI.E LaXGLEYEXSE.

This interesting hybrid Cypripedium was exhibited by Messrs. James Veitch and Sons at the Royal Horticultural Society's meeting at the Drill
Hall on January 16th.
It is

the

first

that has

flowered
in

in

which the

As the parent seed is C. superbiens, the resulting progeny is so near C. x Morganiae, raised from C. Stonei and C. superbiens, that it must bear the same name, but, as might be expected, some of the characteristics of the pollen parent are distinctly discernible in the hybrid, which differs chiefly from the
remarkable C. Stonei platytsenium has participated
the parentage.
original C.
all

x Morganias
;

in the following particulars

The

flowers are larger in

their parts

the spots on the petals are more isolated and of a brighter

lip
is

colour;

and the

also

more brightly coloured.

It

was deservedly

awarded a First-class

Certificate by the Orchid

Committee.

Cypripedium x Robinianum
This
is

specially interesting as the first hybrid derived from

Cypripedium

Parishii, being obtained

Lowii.

It

by crossing that species with the pollen of C. has the dorsal sepal almost of the former and the petals of

80

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

The
lip

the latter, both, however, being slightly modified.

like

also

is

much
It

that
at

of C. Lowii.

The staminode
in

is

broadly obovate, with a small

tooth

the

base, as

both

parents.

The

flowers are racemose.

was exhibited by Messrs. Linden, of Brussels, at the meeting of the Royal Horticultural Society held on December 12th last. It is named after a son of R. H. Measures, Esq., of The Woodlands, Streatham.

Cypkipedium x Niobe, Short Hills var.

This
is

a distinct and

handsome
i.

variety,

which

differs

considerably from
is

the typical form {Orchid Review,

p. 7, fig. 1).

The

dorsal sepal

veined

throughout with purple, even to the apex, leaving only a very narrow white margin the petals spread at an angle of 45 from the perpendicular, and the pouch of the lip is very short, measuring only three-quarters of an inch
;

in front.

It is

a dark and
Hills,

handsome form,
in

raised by Messrs. Pitcher

and

Manda, Short
flower,
in

New

Jersey, U.S.A., from

spite

whom we
long

have received a

excellent

condition,

of

its

journey across the

Atlantic.

Cypripedium x Niobe magnificum.

another beautiful variety, of the same origin as the preceding, and received with it. In shape it is almost identical, but in colour remarkis

This

ably different, for the purple veining of the dorsal sepal

rather limited to the broad deep purple median band.

is

quite absent, or

The

basal third

is

very light green, the remainder being pure white.

It

is

also a little broader

little

and shorter than

still

in

the preceding.

The

petals are also a

broader and

more spreading, the lip equally short, and the staminode wholly bright purple except a narrow white margin. It is a chaste and very beautiful

Cypripedium x Horneri.
This
is

a rather distinct hybrid raised by Mr. H. Horner, gardener to

.

Colonel Marwood, of Flowergate, Whitby, from Cypripedium Boxallii

and C. Argus $. Thus it bears a general resemblance to C. X vernixium (C. Argus $ x C. villosum ) in shape, but the petals and dorsal sepal are
rather heavily spotted with dark purple-brown on a light green ground. The dorsal sepal has a narrow white margin, and the superior halves of
all

the petals are suffused with a light purple

slight

tint.

The

lip

is

pallid with a

suffusion
tubercle.

of faint

central
plant.

and the staminode bears a dark green In general appearance it most resembles the mother
purple,

Cypripedium x Laurie.

pretty
le

hybrid

Cypripedium has

been raised

in

the collection of

Doux, Esq., of Marlfield, West Derby, Liverpool, from C. villosum $ and C. x superciliare , which has been dedicated to this gentleman's wife. It bears some little resemblance to C. X Harrisianum,

Richard

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

as would be expected from the fact that the pollen parent
is

81

a hybrid from

C. barbatum $ and C. superbiens $. The dorsal sepal is green veined and spotted with very dark brown and a white margin. The petals are brown on the superior halves, the remainder being green, and the basal part densely spotted with very dark brown. The lip is light-coloured, somewhat

resembling C. superbiens, and the staminode broadly obcordate.

Cypripedium x Graveside.

The Cypripedium shown

t

in the

annexed

figure

is

a fine hybrid raised

in

H. Graves, Esq., of Orange, New Jersey, U.S.A., by Mr. M. Grey, from whom we received the photograph with descriptive
collection of

have been derived from C. Argus ? and C. niveum $. Mr. Grey considers it one of the finest hybrids of the group which he has seen, and compares it with C. x Paris {Orchid Review, i. pp. 87, 88,
It is said to
fig.

notes.

6).
is

Its

general

character

is

well

shown

in

the figure.

The

dorsal

sepal

described as one and

three-quarter inches

broad, white shaded

with vinous purple on the sides, the centre veined with light green nerves

which are dotted with brown. The petals are bright vinous purple shading to white at the base and heavily dotted with purple, the basal nerves being

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

The
lip
is

ale green.

suffused
It is

with purple in front, paler behind, the

erves being light green.

3

named

in
is

compliment

to

Mr. Graves.

It

evidently a fine thing, but the colour

it

suggestive of some parent with

lore purple in

than C. Argus.

Cypripedium Inspirator.

A
n
>

beautiful hybrid raised in the collection of

M. Jules Hye from Cypri$,

iedium Spicerianum superbum % and C. tonsum

the character of the dorsal sepal.
25.

and most

like the

former

Kerchove

in Rev. Hort. Beige, Feb.,

NURSERY NOTES.
The
species of Phalaenopsis are one of the features of the Clapton Nursery,
as Messrs.

Low have long cultivated them with great success. During February
off

they are a sight worth seeing, unless, as occasionally happens, the flowers

have been cleared

by

fogs.

At a recent

visit

we found some

five

hundred

spikes of P. Schilleriana, of which nearly half were in bloom,

been cut and others

usual

still in

bud
is

the

whole forming a

some having charming sight. As

is

when

a large batch

grown, a considerable range of variation

observable, both in shape and colour, and a few of the plants were particularly

warm

in tint.

Interspersed with

them were a number

of P. Stuartiana,

grandiflora,

and Aphrodite, but the two latter had suffered by fogs some time
spikes were completely
lost.

previous, and a
P.

number of the x leucorrhoda was also in

The

hybrid
P.

flower, together with the pretty little

rosea and P. denticulata

the latter

evidently a free grower, and in several

cases

we

noticed sturdy well-rooted young plants growing from the racemes.

The

plants stand on an open

wooden

stage, so that the air can circulate

is

freely

among them,

but some distance below

a second solid stage, covered

with a layer of broken bricks, which, being kept well watered, help to
preserve a
of

humid atmosphere,
hundred
plants
of

so essential to their well-being.

batch

Angrsecum citratum were showing for Miltonia Roezlii also is grown in quantity and succeeds admirably, flower. a large number of plants being in flower, and very charming they looked. Four plants of Lselia glauca carried eight fine flowers, while two plants out of a batch of Cattleya Percivaliana showed unusually deep golden-yellow markings in the throat. Many Cypripediums were in flower, one called C. x Smithii, derived from C. Lawrenceanum and C. ciliolare, being particularly good. Many Vanda Amesiana were still out, and a fine batch of Oncidium ampliatum in bud. Besides which, several Dendrobiums, Odontoglossums, and other plants helped to brighten up the houses. We also saw
over a

a large importation of Cattleya labiata, only twenty-three days in transit,

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

another of C. Trianae, containing some w
third of the

new and

interesting Cypripedii

ORCHID HYBRIDISATION.
{Continued from page
52..

We

may now assume

that our hybridist has a fine

plump capsule

fast

approaching maturity, and the next question is what to do with it. Hitherto all has been comparatively straight sailing, but now his troubles begin. It is a much easier matter to get plenty of plump capsules than to get the seed
germinate, and bring the young seedlings safely through the perils of infancy. Difficulties, however, must be met and overcome, and the
to

hybridist, having travelled so far on the road to success,

lightly turned aside by a

is

not likely to be

few obstacles.

very interesting paper on Orchid Hybridisation, read at the Orchid Conference (Journ. Roy. Hort. Soc, vii. pp. 22-36),

Mr. H.

J. Veitch, in a

Royal Exotic Nursery, states that every method that seemed at all favourable was tried blocks of wood, tree-fern stems, strips of cork, and the moss of the pots in which otherOrchids were grown but only with moderate success, while at first failures were innumerable. The latter method is the one now generally adopted.
at the

speaking of the early experiments

made

Not every capsule, however, by a long way, contains good seed, and to sow chaff and expect to reap a subsequent harvest is as futile as it would be
in

the case of the agriculturist.

is

the aid of a good lens

perfect.

Orchid seeds, however, are so minute that necessary in order to determine whether they are

As soon as the capsule shows the least sign of bursting, it should be cut off, and placed in some receptacle to prevent the seed from being lost.

When

the valves open, the seeds appear almost innumerable.

They should

then be examined with a lens, or a few of them placed under a microscope. If the elongated and wrinkled testa is plump in the centre, and shows a

darker rounded embryo inside, all is well, but if only an empty husk appears, it may be thrown away without hesitation. But it is necessary to proceed with caution, as a very few good seeds may be present among an
intolerable deal of chaff.

Generally speaking

it

may

be said that not oneis

tenth

of the seeds contain an

embryo, and frequently the proportion

seeds are present.

infinitesimal, even

when some good

little

care and

experience will soon enable one to judge whether the contents are of any

Every hybridiser now knows that many an apparently good capsule contains nothing but chaff, and practical cultivators do not sow chaff. Hundreds of capsules, however, are said to have been sown without any
value.
result, but
it

is

at least probable that

many

of

them never contained any

good seeds.

84
If

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

any good seeds are found, they should be sown upon the compost of some growing plant which requires the same treatment, always selecting one in which the materials are in healthy condition, and can be left for Such minute It is now that the difficulty arises. months undisturbed.
seeds are very easily washed away, and to obviate this
it

is

customary to

keep the compost moist by partial dipping, and by very lightly spraying
with the syringe, where possible.

The atmosphere must

also be kept in a

healthy condition, both with regard to warmth, humidity, and proper ventilation. The embryos now begin to swell very gradually, and pass into what

termed the thalloid stage, in which they remain for a considerable period, frequently several months, before roots are produced. This is the critical period. A little neglect in watering or keeping the compost too wet may be fatal. A few hours of London fog, or a succession of dull sunless days will
is

cause considerable mortality, though these conditions are not under the
control of the cultivator, as are the others.

Undue

stimulation must also

Indeed the cultivator must exercise discretion and patience, remembering that during their early stages these plants are liable to be injured by little irregularities which would have no susceptible effect on
be avoided.
older plants.

Seedlings

of

Phalamopsis, Calanthe, and Cypripedium are

said to be especially liable to injury during this thalloid stage. With proper care, however, the young seedlings will gradually progress,

and

in

due time roots and young leaves

fair start

will begin to push.

When

these

have made a

the young plants

may

be pricked

off,

or potted singly

small pots, care being exercised to avoid bruising the delicate tissues in into This operation safely performed they will gradually progress any way.

towards maturity, and must be treated in

all

respects like older plants.

the whole operation a few cardinal points should not be lost Throughout In a wild state when the capsules burst the seeds fall, or are sight of.

The scattered near the parent plant, and are subject to like conditions. cultivator who can grow any Orchid successfully need not despair of raising
from seed, provided only that healthy seed can be obtained. The same it of treatment must be followed, for Nature is much the safest guide course The conditions to follow, and her behests cannot lightly be set aside.
under which Orchids are grown
from those which obtain
light during the winter
in

our houses at

home

are very different

in their natural habits, especially

with regard to

months, but this affects both seedlings and older plants, though perhaps not in the same degree, so that if one can be grown successfully there is at least a good chance for the other. Slugs are especial enemies to the hybridist, and must be kept under at
all costs.

Many

a time have they ruthlessly dispelled the fondest hopes of

Mr. Veitch records an instance of Dendrobium nobile nobilius crossed with D. aureum, from which a single seedling only was This was naturally highly prized and tenderly cared for, and it had raised.
the
cultivator.

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

grown
snail
in

85

to a height of about

one and a half inches, when, one night, a vulgar

at a single

devoured the precious morsel

meal.

Another case occurred

Messrs. Veitch's establishment.

single seedling

from a pod of Phalsenopsis Aphrodite crossed with P.

particularly anxious to save
origin of P.
it

had been obtained rosea, and they were

it

because

it

was hoped

that

might solve the

x intermedia, a suspected natural hybrid with this parentage. The plant had developed three healthy leaves, and stood on an inverted
flower pot in a pan of water, but one morning, to Mr. Seden's great dismay,
it

was discovered that

a slug had eaten two of the best leaves.

It

was

A marauder was caught the plant was doomed. strict watch was therefore kept for hours, and the moss was repeatedly ducked in water to unearth the delinquent. At length the culprit issued
certain that unless the

from his hiding place, and here the curtain

a dreadful tragedy
the
story

falls,

though we doubt not that

tell

was enacted.
that

namely,

We
who

may add
desire

that the plant lived to

those

plants

of

Phalaenopsis

intermedia have only to set about crossing the two Philippine species P.

Aphrodite and P. rosea.

Slugs must be ruthlessly hunted down, but as a

further safeguard any choice seedlings should be stood on inverted pots in

Thrips are terrible pests, even to established plants, and from their

minuteness
to

are

difficult
is

to

cope with.
It is

But when they attack young

is sufficient
if it

seedlings the case

serious.

recorded that a single thrip

compass the death of a young Odontoglossum heart. A constant watch must therefore be kept must be kept in check by the usual remedies.

once gets into the

these pests, which

for

Speaking of Orchid Hybridisation,

notice in Frederick

Boyle's very
stress

charming book About Orchids, page 241, that he lays great

necessity of exposing the ripening seed to the
full

on the

blaze of the sun.

I

Now,

my

best results have been

obtained in the shade, and

know

of others

whose experience is the same. I will cite one instance, I crossed a flower of Cypripedium x politum with the pollen of C. Boxallii atratum, both plants being grown in a house where the sun's rays rarely penetrate. The
seed pod ripened in January, 1892, the plant remaining
all

the time in the

same shady

spot,

and the seed was sown on a pot

Seedlings were
first

similarly situated.

noticed in

and since then I have potted off some fifty plants, their appearance as late as last December. remark that apparently two years I would here
despair of success.

x chloroneurum June of the same year, fresh seedlings making

of C.
at least

may

elapse

without visible result, before the hybridiser need after sowing the seed

86
I

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

do not wish to pose as an authority on hybridisation as I have far too short an experience, but possibly a few facts that have come unde

own

observation

may

be of

some

interest to readers of the

Orchid Rev Reginald Younc

[We hope

other correspondents will favour us with their experienc

this interesting

subject. Ed.]

GRAMMATOPHYLLUM SPECIOSUM.
A
18th
fine plant of

Grammatophyllum speciosum
It is

in the

Botanic Garden at

Penang forms the

(p.

subject of a note in the Gardeners' Chronicle for

November

622), by Mr. C. Curtis.

over forty-two

feet

in circumference,

and

produced twenty-four spikes from seven to eight feet long, and bears over a thousand flowers. It grows on a mound three to four feet
high, in the
full

this year has

sun.

Once

or twice a year half a cartload of leaf-mould

is all

is

scattered about

its roots,

which

the attention

it

receives.

It is said to

be widely distributed in Malaysia, though apparently nowhere abundant, and the finest plants are generally found high up in the forks of not very
leafy trees,

where
on at

it

gets an abundance of light.

useful to those
this country

who

are cultivating the plants at

These hints should be home. It has flowered in

to possess
it,

least

two occasions, though few people care

CALENDAR OF OPERATIONS FOR MARCH.

By H. A. Burberry,
Highbury-,

Moor Green, Birmingham.

:

The

temperature for this month should be as foilows

to 6o
;

the cool house, by

day, 55

night, 53

morning, 4S
;

The
; ;

Intermedia, Cattleya, or
.

Mexican house, by day, 63 to 68 or East India house, by day, 70

bright,

night, 63
to 75

morning, 5S
;

The warm
.

night, 68

sunny weather the day temperature may these figures, and if the outside conditions are exceptionally cold, a few degrees below, both night and day, will be preferable; but should the
conditions be

morning, 65 In go a few degrees above

favourable

for
it

free ventilation,

these figures should

be

guide.

On most days now

will be necessary to

damp down

three times,

morning, noon, and night.

Orchids are strange plants; their peculiarities often take one a long time to fathom, which is the chief cause why the occupation of Orchid growing is so extremely interesting. To many a cultivator the great beauty of the flowers is but a secondary consideration. He becomes so

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

great
fascination
in
is

87

deeply absorbed in their culture and general welfare, that in time the
to

note

how

this

or

that plant behaves in a

new

position, or,
for
to

other words, to find out the exact conditions necessary

the

culture of
it

some Orchid which has hitherto

skilful

baffled
it

all

attempts

keep

alive for long together, not to

mention cultivating

successfully.

grower has plenty of scope in this direction, as there are many old and well-known Orchids which have yet to be actually conquered, in addition to strangers which are continually
arriving.

The most experienced and

Sometimes the best way

complete success
painstaking
is

to

treat

an Orchid

is

found out by mere

are

accident, but often years pass by, and attained,

many experiments

made
or, in

before

when

it

frequently becomes apparent

how
other

we have been

to despatch

our plants by kindness,

words, by "coddling," or by depriving them in our ignorance of something

which

is

essential to their welfare.

This, at least, should point the moral

if
it

that a plant should not be allowed to remain in one position

does not

grow

sometimes make a great improvement. Let us take the beautiful genus Dendrobium, as few are more useful
well.
slight alteration

or easy to cultivate.

There are some that succeed best in the Cattleya house, both during the growing and resting season. These are principally those from the east coast of Australia, and amongst them may be mentioned D. speciosum, D. Kingianum, D. tetragonum, and D. linguiforme. Then there are some which delight in the temperature of the cool house, such as D. Jamesianum, D. infundibulum, D. longicornu, D. amoenum, and When D. Jamesianum is newly imported it is observed D. Falconeri.
that the plants

grow on branches
of

of trees in their native habitat.

of trying to

And

this accounts for the general practice

of

wood.
the

This system

grow them on blocks Orchid culture on blocks of wood usually

surprising

ends in
tion

failure,

and

it

is

not

when we take
the
living

into

considera-

important

differences

between

branches of trees
;

and our blocks of wood, which must necessarily be dead also in the conditions of their native habitat from those of our glass natural climatic
structures.
It is
;

or perhaps two

grow an Orchid in then the block decays, and with

possible to
transfer

this
it

manner

for a year,

the plant.

Supposing

that

it

were possible to

the

plants without

injury to the roots

green blocks of pear, or apple wood, then, no doubt, every year to new would grow better. But this trouble is unnecessary, as many species

sphagnum moss and newly-dug fibrous peat the nearest freshly-gathered the natural green wood answers the purpose approach we can get to
are " alive," and remain so for a considerable admirably, for these materials The plants should be grown in period, and when spent should be renewed.

small pans or baskets.

The most

healthy plant of

Dendrobium Falconeri

that

have seen, and

88

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

in size

one which actually increases

fern,

year by year,

is

grown

in the

tempera-

ture of a greenhouse the whole year round on the stem of a living tree-

and naturally shaded by its large fronds. The beautiful D. Falconeri giganteum is best grown in the Intermediate house.

Most
light,

other

species

of

Dendrobium, however, require strong heat,

it

and an abundance of moisture when growing, but when at rest

becomes again necessary

suited in
is

them one temperature and some

for

to
in

part company,

some being

better

another.
to

now

nearly over and

new growth about

Suffice
it

But as the resting season commence, this point may

be

left for

the present.

to say, that

on the character of the rest

given the behaviour of the plants during the forthcoming season of growth
largely depends.

grown should be rather a lofty structure, so that the plants may occupy positions high up near the glass, where the warm, moist air can freely circulate round about them. The possibility of the young new growths damping off is then at a minimum. Dendrobes grow really satisfactorily in a low-built I have never seen the atmosphere must be as lively and buoyant as possible, and structure The this is more likely to occur in the former than in the latter house.
Dendrobes
are
;

The house where

many
also

lovely varieties of D. nobile

beautiful hybrids

owning

it

one of the best) and the many as a parent, are now making a grand display
(still

the

sweet-scented

D. aureum, the delicate D. Findleyanum, the

crassinode,

and their various hybrids. After the flowering period is past, a genial temperature of between 6o and 70 is warm enough until the days lengthen and the sun's rays become more
stately D.

Wardianum, D.

powerful, and then a hot moist temperature

is

most advantageous.

There are other genera of Orchids sometimes spoken of as intermediate, but which really require hot treatment during the growing season, and no better place can be found for the following than alongside the Dendrobiums,

same cultural conditions, both while growing and at rest, is advisable. These include the following: Stanhopeas, Catasetums, Mormodes, Cycnoches, Chysis, Coryanthes, Gongoras, Schomin fact, the

suspended near the glass

burgkias, Galeandras, Cyrtopodiums, and

Spathoglottis.

very pretty

species of the last

named

is

S.

Viellardii

(Angustorum), whose lovely

flowers are of a dark, bright rose colour, and produced on a tall spike, in a
cluster of ten to fifteen, from October to January.

As the
It

first

flowers fade

and pass away, new ones continually take their place. as above mentioned, in pans or baskets.

should be grown,

pretty Orchid in

bloom just now

is

Aganisia ccerulea.

It

is

well

worth growing, and succeeds best in a sunny position in the Dendrobium house. On the other hand, a shady position in the same house is most suitable for Paphinia grandis, a very curious and sweet-scented species now blooming, both of which should be kept in the warmest house during

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

winter.
is

very pretty Orchid which delights

Roezlii.

in the

same warm treatment

is

Miltonia

The
It

best

position

can recommend for this

a
is

naturally

damp

one.

often happens that the foliage of the plants

in

covered with moisture at early morning

one part of the East Indian

house more than

will flourish
if

in

another.

It

is

in

such a place that Miltonia Roezlii

I

not too heavily shaded, and such a position

find also suits

M. Weltoni.
Phaius tuberculosus
fresh living
is

sometimes troublesome

to "grow;
It

it

does best

with us side by side with the last-named species.

should be potted in
or as soon as

compost once a year, which must be done now

the flowers have faded.

slight syringing

overhead occasionally Joes no

of

harm, but

to be continually
is

drenching these species with a view

keeping

down

commended. At the same time, thrips must not be tolerated, for no Orchids suffer more from their ravages than does Phaius tuberculosus, and tobacco powder dusted down the young growth is all that is necessary to protect them.
yellow thrips
not to be

light

and airy position

all

in the Cattleya

house

is

most suitable

for the

other Miltonias, and

that are pushing

in

new growth from

the base of the

pseudobulbs should be taken

is

necessary.

M.

spectabilis

hand and re-potted or re-basketed, if that and its variety Moreliana are amongst the
most popular
It
is

earliest to start.

M.

vexillaria is a

species,

and

is

also best

suited in the position just

mentioned.

not a good practice to wet

as, if so, or if

the foliage, or to keep the plants too wet at the roots,

in

grown
is

a too cold, or badly-ventilated house, the leaves decay from the apex
do.

downwards much more than they would otherwise

greatly assisted

Strong growth

by occasional waterings with liquid manure, made by soaking cow-dung in water. This species has been termed the happy hunting-ground for thrip, but if tobacco-powder is employed there is no
is

" dipping " difficulty, and

cultivation, as the plants,

never required, which

is

productive of better

when undergoing
in full beauty.

this latter operation, are

always

shaken and broken

in a greater or lesser degree.

is

This old but beautiful species Ccelogynes, as a rule, are not rested long and dry surpass. is not easy to them grow and flower well, and during that dormant enough to make Not many, however, will temperature. period they delight to be in a cool
Ccelogyne cristata

now

degree as C. cristata, which is quite safe, and indeed, stand the same low in a temperature averaging about 45, a good the better for it, if wintered
rest is

most essential

to the species of this genus.

pushed on wherever it can be done. The potting of Orchids must be Such species as L. Laslias off hand. This month should see the Mexican
anceps, and
its

numerous white

varieties,

L. autumnalis, L. albida, L.

species require less direct sunlight than the furfuracea (the two last-named having been kept over moist since flowering, former), and L. Gouldiana, not

90

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

now
be pushing forth

should

new

roots in profusion, which (supposing they

require re-potting) are

best to

enter direct

the fresh
in

compost.

Water
is

carefully afterwards for a few weeks.

often

About once

two or three years

enough

to re-pot these species, unless the

leading pseudobulbs are

over the rim of the pot.

What
and

a lovely display these have

made

this year,

owing, no doubt, to the last exceptional summer, which must prove conclusively that heat, light,
air are

good

for

them when growing.

Cattleya Trianse, too, should be attended to as they emit Cattleya gigas and
its

new

roots.

These must not be disturbed at this season, but should occupy a high, dry, and sunny part of the Cattleya house, enough water only given to prevent
varieties are

now pushing from

the

base.

shrivelling for about six weeks, otherwise they

Lselia

may
is

not flower satisfactorily.

best

Boothiana

is

another shy bloomer, and

grown

manner

as Cattleya gigas.

The same may be

it

said of

same C. Warneri, which

in the
is

starts to

grow

early, but

should not on that account be given extra

warmth
then

or moisture

other

than this house affords.

It

preferable to
it is

retard the growth as

much

as possible until later in the season, as

much more

easy to flower than

when

started too soon.

ORCHID PORTRAITS.
GARDENERS' CHRONICLE.
L^lia anxeps
var.

Ashworthiana.

fine

white variety, introduced by

the Orizaba
district,

Messrs. F. Sander and Co., St. Albans, from

which

received a First-class Certificate from the Royal Horticultural Society on

January 16th

last.

The
fig.

petals and front lobe of the lip are very

broad.

Jan. 27th, p. 103,

10.

Dendrobium atroviolaceum,
Jan.
27th, pp. ii2, 113,
fig.

Rolfe.

(See p. 72 of our present issue.)

12.

Lselia anceps.

fine

specimen of one of the white

supplement.

varieties,

Tring Park.

Feb. 10th,

grown

at

p. 172,

GARDENERS' MAGAZINE.
Dendrobium atroviolaceum.
3rd, p. 36. supplement.

(See p. 72 of our present issue.) Feb.

Cypripedium x Aphrodite. A handsome hybrid raised from C. niveum % and C. Lawrenceanum $ by Messrs. Veitch. Feb. 10th, p. 76,

with

fig.

L-Elia anxeps Sanderiana. Feb. 17th,

p. 88,

supplement.

Catasetum Gnxmus.
p. 89,

remarkable Brazilian species.

Feb.

17th,

with

fig.

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

JOURNAL OF HORTICULTURE.

91

Saccolabium cgeleste. Feb. 1st, p. 87, fig. 13. Cypripedium X Adrastus. A handsome hybrid, obtained from C. x Feb. 8th, Leeanum superbum % and C. Boxallii Z by Messrs. Veitch.

p. 103, fig. 16.

L^LIA ANCEPS ASHWORTHIANA. Feb.

15th, p. 125,

tig.

10).

LINDEN IA.
Aerides Lawrences, Rchb. f. t. 401. Cattleya Eldorado, Lind., var. Treyerax.e, L.
coloured variety.
Lind.

fine blush-

t.

402.
L. Lind. et

Catasetum Imschootianum,

Cogn. A
t.

light greenish yellow

flowered species, allied to C. Hookeri, Lindl., native of Brazil. t. 403.

Cypripedium philippinense, Rchb.

f.

404.

ORCHID ALBUM.
Cypripedium
x Sedeni candidulum.

A form

with

more highly-

coloured flowers than the true plant of this name, and probably obtained

from another cross.

t.

481.
species,

CHYSIS

LJBVIS,

Lindl. A brightly-coloured Mexican

which
fifty

originally flowered in the collection of Mr. Barker, of Springfield,

some

years ago, having been introduced with C. bractescens.

Basket culture

is

recommended for it. t. 482. Cypripedium x selligerum majus. t.

native of Central America.

4S3.
f.

Trichocentrum tigrinum, Lind. and Rchb.

Block culture
is

pretty

little

species,

recommended, with a small

at the cool

portion of sphagnum moss about the roots, and a shady position

end

of the Cattleya

house. t.

484.

REVUE DE L'HORTICULTURE BELGE ET ETRANGERE.

A Cypripedium fascinatum. Spicerianum magnificum % and C collection of M. Jules Hye from C. variety of C. x Ceres, raised by Messrs. hirsutissimum $, and thus a fine Veitch. February, p. 25, with plate.
very handsome hybrid, raised
in

the

CONTINENTAL NOTES.
The
February meeting
at

Ghent was

especially

by the renowned hybridist, M. Jules the exhibition of some hybrids obtained

92

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

Cypripedium x Madame Jules Hye, derived from C. Spicerianum superbum $ and C. tonsum % is a form of the front rank, which flowered for
the
first

Hye.

time in November, 1893.

C. X triumphans also was exhibited,

felicitations of the jury.

and both obtained a Certificate of Merit, with

latter first flowered in the

The

August previous, but on its second flowering shows a marked improvement. C. x Albertianum rubrum has the dorsal sepal more brightly marked with purple than in the type. C. x excelsior, derived from C. Druryi % and C. Spicerianum Z combines well the characters of the parents. C. X miniatum was probably obtained from C. Spicerianum and
C. Fairieanum, on account of
to the crossing of C.
its

characters.

C.

X aureum owes
is

its

descent
like

X
all

Sallieri

Hyeanum
same

with C. Spicerianum, and,

collection,

the others, which were

tion.

raised in the

a decided acquisi-

From

the

same

collection

came Miltonia X Bleuana, which received

a Certificate of Merit, and a fine Odontoglossum with branched spike of

yellowish white flowers spotted with brownish red.

At the meeting of the Orchideenne, of Brussels, about one hundred and sixty examples were presented by sixteen exhibitors. Among the most

remarkable novelties

were Maxillaria

mirabilis from Messrs. Linden, the

;

an Odontoglossum called O. x Harvengtense from the Comte de Bousies, like an improved O. x

flowers a rich mixture of bright yellow and red excellens var. dellense
;

Cattleya

Wambekeana from M. Van Wambeke

Odontoglossum x Imperatrice de Russie, a supposed natural hybrid from O. Hallii and O. polyxanthum and Dendrobium Wardianum Lindeniae, a
;

white form with a yellow spot on the

lip.

Among

other interesting plants

may be mentioned Cypripedium x Harrisianum superbum, Odontoglossum crispum, O. x Ruckerianum, and Cattleya Trianae, from M. Madoux
Ruckerianum and Cattleya Trianae, from the Comte de Bousies Laelia anceps Dawsoni, Odontoglossum Rossii maximum, Cypripedium Boxallii atratum and C. x Sallieri Hyeanum, from G. Warocque Cattleya Trianas from M. Treyeran Cypripedium x Iris (C. x javanico-superbiens x ciliolare) and the beautiful Vanda Cathcartii from M. Bleu; a pretty white Cattleya Trianas from Dr. Van Cauwelaert, and the very pretty Dendrochilum glumaceum, from M. Cahuzac, of
Pleurothallis Roezlii, Odontoglossum
;
;

Bordeaux.

ORCHIDS AT THE

ROYAL HORTICULTURAL
SOCIETY.

A large number
and flowers
in the Drill

of visitors

came

to see the exceedingly fine display of fruits

at the

Royal Horticultural Society's meeting, on February 13th, Hall, James Street, Victoria Street, Westminster. Orchids were

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

in great force,

9S

specimens being exhibited from about thirty different collections in all parts of the kingdom. A Silver Flora Medal was awarded the President, Sir Trevor Lawrence, Bart., Burford, Dorking (gr. Mr. W. H. White), for a fine group, in which several beautiful hybrid Dendrobiums and Cypripediums were represented, in addition to a magnificent specimen of Sophronitis grandiflora,

Bulbophyllum mandibulare, B. Careyanum, Masdevallia

irrorata

and

M.

Schrcederiana (which appear to be identical), Angrsecum odoratissimum, Epidendrum x Endresio-Wallisii and Cymbidium eburneum. A Botanical

was granted to the white variety of Dendrobium purpureum, to the bristle-lipped Catasetum barbatum spinosum, and to the pretty little
Certificate

Masdevallia picturata, with yellow, purple-spotted flowers. Mrs. Armstrong, Woodslea, near Brighton (gr. Mr. E. Meachen), exhibited what appeared to be Dendrobium x Ainsworthii under the name of D. x Armstrongi (D. aureum ? x D. nobile ccerulescens $).

Norman
purple
lip.

C. Cookson, Esq,, F.R.H.S., Oakwood,

Wylam-on-Tyne

(gr.

Mr. Murray), sent a spike of Calanthe X

Wm.

Murray, having a deep redof Cattleya Perci-

Mr.
valiana.

W.

Denning, Hampton, exhibited a good form

Mr. J. Fitt, F.R.H.S., Panshanger Gardens, Herts, exhibited a splendid specimen of Cypripedium x Germinyanum under the erroneous name of
C.

x Roberti.

believe

it

is

the reverse cross of the original C. x Ger-

From

the

Royal

Botanic

Gardens,

Glasnevin,

Mr.

F.

\Y.

Moore,

F.R.H.S., sent

flowers of the

deep-coloured

Vanda

tricolor grandiflora,

and the paler-lipped variety insignis, Lycaste plana, the white-flowered Angrascum (Listrostachys) porrigens; and Selenipedium Lindleyanum, with
three flowers open, and cut from the top of a scape six feet in length.

A
E.

finely-spotted

Odontoglossum

supposed to be a natural hybrid came

(gr.

from Lord Haddington's collection, Prestonkirk, N.B.

Mr. Brotherston).

W.

Hamilton, Esq., Charter, Sunninghill, Ascot

(gr.

Mr. G. F. Cole),

exhibited a splendid specimen of

with an aggregate of

Dendrobium speciosum, bearing five spikes, about three hundred and fifty creamy flowers, two of

the spikes arising from one sheath.

Messrs. Heath and Son, Cheltenham, exhibited some Cattleya Trianae

Ernesti, Cypripedium concolor, and a batch of seedling Cypripediums, which

and purposes C. villosum in appearance. C. L. N. Ingram, Esq., Godalming (gr. Mr. T. W. Bond), exhibited Cypripedium x Captain Lendy (C. Boxalli $ x C. x Charles Canham Z), a fine hybrid with a large upper sepal, deep, shining, blackish purple, mottled
were
to all intents

with green, and having a white and rose-flushed margin.

It

received an

Award

of Merit.

94

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

Messrs. Laing and Sons, Forest Hill,

among

other things, staged several

leaves,

white-flowered

Goodyera

discolor,

with dark velvety sap-green

midrib
;

ornamented with a

brilliant

silvery-white

several

Cypripedium

Dendrobium Wardianum, &c. Messrs. W. L. Lewis and Co., Chase Side, Southgate, N., were awarded a Silver Banksian Medal for a group containing some fine Trichopilia
Boxallii, C. villosum, C. callosum,

suavis, Lselia harpophylla, L. anceps Sanderiana,

Odontoglossum Pescatorei,

O. triumphans, and Phalaenopsis Stuartiana punctatissima.

Silver Flora
E.,
for

Medal was awarded

a

to Messrs.

H.

Low

and Co., Upper

Miltonias,

Clapton,

large

group

of

Cattleyas,

-Phalsenopses,

Saccolabiums, Cypripedium Chamberlainianum, Lselia glauca, Oncidium ampliatum, and Odontoglossum gloriosum. Special mention must be made of the really gorgeous specimen of Cattleya Percivaliana, of which
the deep

mauve

flowers, with conspicuous golden

lip,

attracted considerable

From
Duncan),
R.
(gr.

C. J. Lucas, Esq., F.R.H.S.,

Warnham

Court,
P.

Horsham

(gr.

Mr.

came

some

tine

Phalaenopsis Aphrodite,

Stuartiana,

and

Cypripedium Argus.
Measures, Esq., Cambridge Lodge, Flodden Road, Camberwell Mr. H. Chapman, F.R.H.S.), obtained an Award of Merit for CypriI.

pedium x Fraseri a hybrid with a

distinctive wine-red colour throughout,

the petals being studded with black warts.

Botanical Certificate was

granted to a strong plant of Pleurothallis Roezlii, while Cypripedium Argus Mcensii and C. x Kaloe (C. Argus % x C. barbatum superbum $) the
latter with a pointed green, white-and-rose

upper sepal were also shown.

specimen of Dendrobium atroviolaceum, bearing about twenty flowers, was exhibited by G. D. Owen, Esq., F.R.H.S., Selwood, Rotherham (gr. Mr. M. Watts).
fine

Messrs. Paul and Son, Cheshunt, contributed a mass of the best varieties
of Ccelogyne cristata, remarkable for their vigorous growth and purity of

Silver Flora

Medal was awarded

to

to Messrs. F.

Sander and Co.,

St.

Albans, for a large group containing

Certificate

many

choice Orchids.

First-class

was given

new and vigorous

xanthina
lip

Laelio-cattleya,

Hon. Mrs.

Astor (C.

Gaskelliana $ x L.

yellow flowers, having a tubular

which bore two large pale with a deep yellow base, and the front
),

Other noticeable plants were Odontoglossum Wattianum with seven flowers, O. facetum, O. Edwardii with two spikes each four feet long, Catasetum fimbriatum, Angrsecum Chailluanum,
Cattleya amethystoglossa, Arachnanthe Cathcartii,

washed with rose-purple.

Cymbidium eburneum,

Lycaste lanipes, and Ancectochilus Boyleanus a plant with deep velvety green leaves, charmingly veined with gold. Several unnamed Orchids belonging to the Neottieae were also shown.

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

A
of

95

First-class

Certificate

was granted

to

Calanthe x Baron Schroder

from the collection
Mr. H. Ballantine,

(C. vestita gigantea 2 X C. Regnieri

and

vice versa),
(gr.

Baron Schroder, F.R.H.S., The

fine

Dell,

Staines

F.R.H.S.) a

hybrid, with large, dark, crimson-purple flowers, with

slight specks of white

on the sepals and petals.

(gr.

Thos. Statter, Esq., F.R.H.S., Stand Hall, Whitefield, Manchester

Mr. R. Johnson), exhibited a plant of Lycaste Skinneri alba, with fourteen flowers arising from one bulb, for which a Cultural Commendation was
given
;

and Cypripedium X Bragaianum

atratum
Esq.,
$),

(C.

hirsutissimum ccerulescens % x
its

C. Boxallii

a fine hybrid, intermediate between

Allerton

parents.
(gr.

H. Tate,
of C.

F.R.H.S.,

Beeches,
fine

Liverpool

Mr.

J.

Edwards), exhibited a vigorous plant of a

Cypripedium, under the name

..

X tenebrosum (C. x Harrisianum nigrum ? x C. Boxallii atratum t A Silver Flora Medal was given to Messrs. Jas. Veitch and Sons, King's Road, Chelsea, for a collection in which hybrids greatly predominated. An Award of Merit was granted to Laslio-cattleya Tydea (L. pumila $ x C.

a deep rose-purple hybrid, and to Cypripedium x Godseffianum, $), Among a distinct and striking hybrid, which is now pretty well known.

Trianae

be mentioned two magnificent plants of Cymbidium x eburneo-Lowianum one with a spike of six and the other of four very large,
other things

may

creamy-yellow flowers, slightly tinged with rose .Eonia polystachya, and Cypripedium x Cretheus (C. Spicerianum $ x C. Argus $), with white bordered upper sepal very much reflexed, and dotted with black petals
soft,
;

yellowish green, black spotted

lip

large,

copper-green, with

rosy flush

spike

of

Vanda

teres

alba

came

from

Mr.

Whillans,

Blenheim

Gardens, Woodstock.

Medal was gained by Messrs. B. S. Williams and Son, Upper Holloway, N., for a large collection, in which were represented Rothschildianum, C. x Morganiae, C. x Sallied aureum, Cypripedium

Silver Flora

Measuresianum, Laelia anceps Sanderiana, C. X Williamsianum, C. x Oncidium bifrons, several hybrid Dendrothe very distinct L. a. Fitchiana,
biums, &c.

E.

H.

Woodall, Esq.,

F.R.H.S.,

St.

Nicholas House, Scarborough,

Rothschildianum, to which a Cultural Comexhibited a fine Cypripedium

mendation was given. Dulcote, Tunbridge, received an Award Walter Cobb, Esq., F.R.H.S., Devoniana, in addition to which he of Merit for a fine spike of Galeandra
exhibited several spikes of Phalaenopsis. Nursery, St. Albans, exhibited a Mr. G. Young, Keyfield

new

Phalae-

Youngii, which obtained an Award nopsis speckled with red at the sides and tinged with rose, the lip being
of Merit.

The

flowers are white,

front.

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

CORRESPONDENCE,
Cypripedium Vvylam-on-Tyne
with with

&c.

Oakwood var., sent by Norman C. Cookson, Esq., Oakwood (C. Boxallii atratum x C. Spicerianum), is a bold and handsome hvbrid a general resemblance to C x Lathamianum, but the dorsal sepal veined and spotted purple, except at the margin. The median band is very broad and dark.
Calypso,

brownish maroon spots-a chaste and very beautiful variety. The two Cypripediums are C. Bullenianum, Rchb. f., and its variety Appletonianum, Rolfe {Orchid Rcviezn, I. p. 135). The latter has also been distributed under the name of C. O'Brienianum, and is remarkable for the absence of tessellation in the leaves, though the flowers show no difference. The leaves sent show well the remarkable difference between them. The roots of Cattleya amethystoglossa from plant purchased J. H. Lane, Colesborne. last autumn are infe ith the larvae of the Cattleya fly (Isosoma Orchidearum), as may be seen by cutting the swollen gall-like growths. The only remedy is to cut off and burn the affected parts, and thus prevent the spread of the pest for if the gnat-like insect be 6 U " fU% ''* '' "'" at P l8 f c^rTa^
< . 1 .

O. O. Wrigley, Esq., Bridge Hall, Bury, sends a fine raceme of Oncidium splendidum well answering^to its name, the lips measuring over x\ inches broad; and an equally fine aiuiduuni i^iuuuum, wiin nowers 4 inches across, and t the flowers pure white with the exception of the veil is, hich are a couple of light

vow"

'

^^

^ ^ ^^ ^^^

^^

'

Odontoglossum X elegantius, a natural hybrid between O. Pescatorei and O. Lindleyanum. One of the multitudinous forms of O. x Andersonianum. The Dendrobiums sent form a very beautiful series, and comprise D. nobile nobilius, flower D. n. Sanderianum, a smaller brightly-coloured variety 4 inches across the chaste D. nobile albiflorum D. n. Cooksoni, the two petals lip like D. Wardianum album the beautiful D. x Venus, D. X Ainsworthii, and D. x A. roseu'm D. x Leechianum, very fine and D. X splendidissimum Leeanum, which is more like D. nobile than the
; ;
;
;

W.

Stevens, Stone.

original

C. Eastwick-Field, Esq., Midhurst,

fused together, a peculiarity occasionally

form of Cypripedium insigne. G. Roberts, Arddarroch. Apparently Cypripedium x Ledouxiae {Orchid Review, p. 117), which also was supposed to be derived from C. callosum and C. x Harrisianum. De Barri Crawshay, Sevenoaks, sends Lycaste mesochloena with a two-flowered
USUal
"

I.

scape
two'

bri-htl

^cobmed form Cypripedium x Mrs. Canham,

^^

& S d 0donto S lossum

x Andersonianum and

peculiar elongation of the tip of th

superbum, and is very fine. H. A. B., Highbury. Dendrobium

var. albiflorum.

beautiful Laslia
J.

D. superbum, darker x flammea is also enck

Dale, Aikenhead, Cathcart, X.D., there "from the same parentage as C.

petals
it

much resembles
also enclosed.

C. villosum, while the dorsal sepal

1

is

is

very pretty.

majus H.

nearer"c venus good Odontoglo:

is

J. R.,

Florence.

Cypripedium,
ithout

any

clui

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\OW READY:Part I. ODONTOGLOSSUM. Price, 7s. 6d. by post, 7 s. 9 d. Part II.-CATTLEYA and L^ELIA. Price, 10s. 6d. by post, Part III.-DENDROBIUM. Price, 10s. fid. by post, 10s. od. Part IV.-CYPRIPEDIUM. Price, ros. 6d.; by post, 10s. od. Part V. MASDEVALLIA and allied genera. Price, 7s. 6d. ; t Part CCELOGYNE, EPIDENDRUM, &c. Price, 10s. 6d. Part VII.-PHAL^ENQPSIS. AERIDES, VANDA, &c. Price, Part VIIL ONCIDIUM and MILTONIA. Price. 10s. 6d. ; by Part IX. CYMBIDIUM, ZYGOPETALUM, LYCASTE. &c.
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ORCHIDE^

JAMES

1Ro\vil Erotic VEITCH SONS, 544, KING'S ROAD, CHELSEA, S.W.

&

Bursas

[No.

ORCHID REVIEW
Hn
3llu$trate& flDontbty 3ournal,

DEVOTED TO ORCHIDOLOGY.

Notes Cypripedium insigne Sanderae Cypripedium insigne Bohnhofianui

Dies Orchidianse

Group of Dendrobiums (continued) Dendrobium X Rolfese roseum

(Fig- 10)

The Cambridge Lodge Collection Phakenopsis X F. L. Ames ...

Novelties

Dendrobium Dendrobium Dendrobium Dendrobium

(Fig- 14)

nobile (Fig.

n)

nobile albiflora(Fig.i2)
nobile nobilius (Fig. 13) nobile Sanderianum

Lycaste Skinneri alba

Notices of Books

Dendrobium
(Fig. 15)

nobile

Cooksonianum

The

Hybridist

Selenipedium x Stella

Odontoglossum x deltoglossum StevOrchid Hybridisation Calendar of Operations Orchid Portraits

Continental Notes

Cypripedium x calloso-Argus Cypripedium x Echo, etc. ... Lalio-cattleya x Hon. Mrs. Astc Odontoglossum excellens x

for April

Orchids

at

the

Royal
etc.
...

Horticultural

Society

Correspondence,

PRICE ONE SHILLING MONTHLY.

Post Free 12- per Annum, Pa\
-

THE ORCHID

REVIEW.

he remarkable Eulophiella Elisabeths, we

are able to announce,

is

now

flowering with Messrs. F. Sander and Co., of St. Albans-probably for the first time in this country. have just received a beautiful raceme, which shows the flowers to be over one and a half inches across, pure waxy white, tinged on the back of the segments with reddish pink, and the disc of the lip deep yellow, while the base of the lip and column are marked with deep orange. The raceme and bracts are deep reddish purple. It is suspended in a warm, moist house, and grows freely, and thus should become a popular favourite.

We

of the Royal Horticultural Society on March 13th highly successful one, and noteworthy on account of the award

The meeting

was a

of a gold

medal

to the magnificent

Odontoglossum crispum apiatum exhibited by

Baron Schroder.

report appears on another page.

till

The

report of the

meeting held on March 27th must stand over

next month.

Two
On

meetings

will

be

held

during April,
will

on

the
at

10th

and 24th
Botanical
will

respectively,

when
in

the

Orchid Committee

meet

the usual hour.

is,

the latter occasion the subject of the afternoon lecture

Exploration

Borneo," by Mr. F.

W.

Burbridge,

M.A., which

doubtless contain interesting references to Orchids.

The Orchideene of Brussels celebrated its fiftieth meeting on March nth, when the members marked the occasion by a
presentation

and

and organisers of the Societv, MM. Jean and Lucien Linden. It took the form of the cartes-de-visite of the members, seventy in number, arranged together and mounted in two large and handsome frames. The .recipients were also presented on their arrival

dejeuner

to

the founders

98

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

The meeting was
a very brilliant

with two superb bouquets of Orchids.

one, and the exhibits

numbered one hundred and thirty-three, and W. Thompson, Esq., Stone, Staffordshire, was chosen president of the jury. Their labours over, the company retired to the Grand Hotel, where an elegant dejeuner was served. Suitable speeches followed and the healths of the gentlemen in whose honour the fete was held were proposed and
suitably acknowledged.

Several species of Phalaenopsis are splendidly grown at

Henham

Hall,

Wangford, the seat of the Earl

of Stradbroke, by

Mr. Eden.

plant of P.

Aphrodite last October produced a flower stem with several branches and about fifty fully expanded blooms, and now it has yielded a second spike
of fifteen flowers, each over three and

three-quarter inches in diameter,

and

of the greatest beauty.

M. Th. Durand,
entitled,

of

Brussels, announces the

preparation
of

of a

work

Census

Orchidearum,
this

an

enumeration

the

various
brief

species,

varieties

and

hybrids of

extensive

family,

with

particulars

respecting them.

CYPRIPEDIUM INSIGNE SANDER/E.

One some of
mistake respecting this beautiful variety which has got into the books, and was reproduced in our account at page 41, deserves
little

to be corrected.

Mr. R.

I.

Measures

is

said to have paid to his brother

one hundred guineas for half of the plant, but Mr. Measures informs us that it was obtained in exchange for other plants. are also glad to learn

We

that the plant in Mrs. F. L. Ames's collection

is

in thriving condition,

and

under Mr. Robinson's management increases twofold each year.

CYPRIPEDIUM INSIGNE BOHNHOFIANUM.

In reference to your note on the above at page 40, that nothing was stated in the original description about its origin, I may say that the omission was probably an oversight on Mr. O'Brien's part. The first

appearance occurred

in

our nursery in November, 1891,

" type,

among an importa-

tion of the popular "

beauty and phenomenal appearance won the admiration of R. H. Measures, Esq., who secured half the plant, and it has since found a home among his numerous treasures at
its

montanum

when

remains intact at St. Albans, and we have no knowledge of its equal excepting Mr. Measures' plant and the one mentioned in your February issue, both of which I have lately seen
still

Streatham.

The other

portion

flowering with their respective owners.

A. Dimmock.

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

DIES ORCHIDIAN^E.
Last month
I

called

attention

to

the

English

Orchid-grower and his

are formed under

methods, as detailed by his Belgian compeer.

Our French cousins have

now

received a

little

attention.

Those collections which

English influence,

we

learn, are generally in a very ordinary, not to say

mediocre, condition.
similar

The
and

plants resemble those grown in England, in a

stuffy

overheated

atmosphere.

Those

collections,

on

the

contrary, which are established under the influence of the Belgian school

are in a state of remarkable prosperity.

And why

this disparity

Because

the Belgian uses open stages, which allows the fresh air to circulate freely

among

the pots, and opens the ventilators freely as often as the outside

temperature permits.
cool Orchids."

" Behold here

is

all

the great secret of the culture of

it

The remark
in

decidedly ingenious, considering that

has
as

been practised
such.

England before even a Belgian school was heard

of,

Must

prove

my
;

assertion?
at 45 the

When

the external air

is at
;

40 Fahr.
at

air should be

admitted

amount should be increased

50 the
;

bottom ventilators should be wide open and the top ones partially so 6o as much air as possible should be admitted minimum temperature
;

at
in

winter 45

maximum

in

hot weather, the lowest possible

avoid

fire

heat

whenever possible. This is a condensed epitome of our hot stuffy treatment as applied in the best collections. And what is the result ? A single example shall suffice. An Odontoglossum crispum flower measuring five
inches across
inches broad.
its
I

broadest diameter, and the petals one and three-quarter

may have

occasion to recur again to the subject.

I

Where
under the

are

we going ? imposing names

Victorias.

observe in the Gartenflora two

of

new
II.

Orchids,

Grammatophyllum Guilelmi
Shades of Linnaeus!
?

and Denimmortal
appear,

drobium Augustas

Is this thy

binomial system of nomenclature

By and by

a variety will

which too must be distinguished. Fancy such a name as Grammatophyllum Guilelmi secundi variety Poggio Gherardo. And the thing is clearly not impossible. Some time ago a learned committee met to consider this nomenclature question, and after profound deliberation at

many

sittings

recommended

that

names

of Orchids

should be given in

accordance with botanical usage, but trivial varieties in the vernacular. If the above are specimens, I should say that simplicity is not a strong
point in

modern nomenclature.

Sirhookera

happily

The same

school has given to the world a

not an Orchid.

should think a treatise

Judging by recent developments, I on nomenclature must surely rival Mr. Pickwick's

celebrated theory of Tittlebats.

good deal of advice has

at various

times been given respecting the

"
ioo

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

is

culture of Phalaenopsis, but the latest essay on that subject

perhaps the

most

startling

which

have yet had the good or

ill

fortune to

come

across.

Writing from the Java Botanical Gardens on the promising subject of " the Phalaenopsis at home," Mr. W. T. Lefebre, in the Gardeners' Chronicle, remarks : " I venture to think that in Europe a Cattleya house is not fit
for

Phalaenopsis, that, for instance, an

Odontoglossum house would do

better,

and that growing them under cooler conditions will ensure greater success." Can the writer be aware of the temperature of our Odontohouses ? The folio purpose
:

places where Phalaenopsis grows abundantly, the temperature never exceeds 75 Fahr. in the daytime; it falls to 55 at night (Aug.). Most plants

bloom from October till May, and some do not stop flowering at all during the dry months (in West Java damp weather prevails;. The trunks to which their roots cling are amply mossed, the atmosphere being moist one
;

handful of that heterogeneous mass of rotten leaves, bark debris, &c, seems sufficient for a whole group of them. They are partially shaded for a few hours daily (in the morning); they bear sunshine very well. They seldom

occur

in

the gloomy and moist forests,

...

but always in open places,

full light,

often amidst thin-crowned single trees,

coffee

groves (a
I

number

of

which admit the them were growing on the

or in old

coffee trees

them-

selves)."

believe these conditions are substantially in agreement with

the practice of our most successful cultivators.

further note that Phalaenopsis grandiflora

is

said to have been " found

by Dr. Blume in Java, 2,000 feet above sea-level." Now I have always understood that it was known long before Blume's time, and on consulting the authorities my impressions are confirmed. Rumphius detected it in
first

the island of

Amboyna, and published an account

of

it

in his

Herbarium

Amboinense as long ago as 1750, though under another name. And two years later Osbeck discovered it on New Island, at the western extremity of Java, and brought specimens home, which were forwarded to Linnaeus and described in his famous Species Plantarum, in 1753, as Epidendrum amabile. Osbeck was on his voyage home from China, and touching there essayed to land in a boat, though the water was so full of corals that he had to be carried ashore by his people up to their breasts in water. On landinhe was rewarded by finding this beautiful Orchid growing on the branch! of trees on the shore. The plant," he remarks, ' hath great white odoriferous flowers such as I never observed before." Horsfield found it in 1800 at no great distance from the ocean, and even Blume met with it "in woods near the coast. His account was published in 1825, three-quarters of a century at least after its original discovery.

name adopted,

the

new

Phalaenopsis amabilis was the genus commemorating its fancied resemblance to a

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

moth.
east as
I

101

It is

said to

grow

in

Java, Borneo, Celebes and the Moluccas, as far

Timor

laut, generally at

low elevations not very

far

from the coast.

should not counsel your readers to make experiments in the Odonto-

glossum house.
I

read with

much

interest the chatty article on " Orchids "

by Mr.

A. Styles, Editor of Garden and Forest, in Scribncrs Ma^a'.inc for February,

but found

my

sense of gravity considerably upset by the detailed story of

the discovery of Eulophiella Elisabeths.

How

the Madagascar chief had

dispatched his

sister's

husband with

a royal retinue to guide

and protect

the collector from the dreaded Protocryptoferox madagascariensis, which

lies in

wait for his prey upon the branches of the trees in the dense woods
;

where the Eulophiella grows

Orchid, with
its

crouching

among

the great

tufts of

the

tall

arching spikes of white and lurid purple flowers.

How
had

the husband of the princess

was

rent to death, and

the collector

to face the dread alternative of death or

latter,

matrimony, and promptly

of appeasing the spirit

chose the

thinking

it

a more pleasant

way

of the dead than being greased and burnt.

How

the truculent brother-inis

law

is

now

protecting a few

little

plants until the collector

ready for

them. And, lastly, how the confiding editor of a great horticultural journal " sees no reason to doubt the veraciousness of the victim's narrative." Are
they not
all

duly chronicled in the book of Scribner

for
in

What

a subject

it

would have been Madagascar lion

course
it

Mr. Paul de Longpre to have added this

terrible
!

his lair to the list of his

charming

illustrations

Of

is

the collector's story, though not told in

civet
it
!

all its

grotesqueness.
sufficiently

Poor

little

terrible,

that

was not thy name of Cryptoprocta must be thus garbled, and the number
?
1

ferox

of letters exactly

doubled, save one

prefer not to subject the matter to further analysis.

it,

The method
The

is

unsuited to

and the result might be disastrous.

Gardeners' Chronicle

would

like

to

see a

monograph
But does

of

Orchids
it

constructed on the plan of their leaf-structure, because of the evidence

affords as to the conditions of their suitable growth.
afford
it

invariably

such evidence

have seen Orchids with widely

different leaf-

structure growing under identical conditions, and those with very similar

structure

under diverse ones.

the

Nor am
air

sure

that

any peculiarity

of

that leaf-structure could be detected which would lead

species of Goodyera
in

me

to plant

one
I

open

and another
is

in the

stove,

were

ignorant of their natural habitats.

Minute anatomy

doubtless interesting,

but

fancy other facts will

come more

readily to the aid of the cultivator.

Argus.

ia

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

THE CAMBRIDGE LODGE COLLECTION.

Cambridge Lodge, Flodden Road, Camberwell,
enthusiastic Orchidist, in the person of
is

the residence of a very

R.

I.

Measures, Esq.,

who has

brought together an exceedingly rich

people would expect to find so fine Station at the present day. The terrors of

and interesting collection. Few a one within a short walk of Vauxhall

London
it

fog and the encroachit

ments
afield.

of the builder

might be supposed
it

to
;

have long ago driven

thrives, or,

further

But not only does

exist there

the purpose, the plants do.

more to They are healthy and vigorous, and afford

is

what

evidence of the care and intelligence brought to bear on their cultivation by Mr. Measures' gardener, Mr. Henry Chapman, who has no light duty
to perform.

There are eighteen houses devoted

to Orchids, being generally

compact and well adapted

to the requirements of the plants, of

which there

are about six thousand, exclusive of unflowered seedlings.

Cypripediums occupy the leading position, and number about sixteen hundred plants, including nearly all the cultivated species and the majority
of the hybrids.

They
though

are not
six

grown by themselves, except perhaps

in

of the houses,

others are largely or partly devoted to

two them,

and thus the requirements

of the different kinds are easily provided for.

A
is

considerable
not so

number
to

are in flower at the present time, but our purpose

to say

much

enumerate these as

something about the collection

generally.

In the two houses devoted exclusively to Cypripediums are many fine specimens, which have been grown on from small plants. Among them may be mentioned, C. x Harrisianum with over ioo growths, C. X cenanthum with 60, C. x oenanthum superbum with 50, C. x vexillarium

and C. x

x orphanum with 2 6> C. x marmorophyllum, C. X Charles Canham, C. x Morgania?, and C. x euryandrum, of somewhat smaller size, three plants of C. x Winnianum with 10 to 14 growths each, and many others of smaller
each, C.

Leeanum superbum with 30

dimensions.

we note, C. Mastersianum, C. X tessellatum porphyreum, and C. Lawrenceanum Hyeanum showing for flower; also plants of C. x Greyanum, C. x microchilum, and C. x fascinator.
rarities

Among

Selenipediums are equally well represented, and comprise S. x cardinale, and its more brightly coloured variety rubicundum, each with 50 growths, S. X albopurpureum with 40, S. x leucorrhodum with 33 S. Klotzschianum with 20, and two plants of S. x Schrcederse with 12 and 15 each. Also two fine specimens of S. x Sedeni candidulum in No. 1 pots S. x Lindleyanum with a fine flower-spike of ten flowers and buds together with many large plants of the common species, and smaller ones of the rarer hybrids. In fact, Mr. Measures, in July, 1888, issued a neat little catalogue of the
, ;

species, varieties

and hybrids

of

Cypripedium

in his collection,

number-

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

ing upwards of three hundred, and
extensive addition to the
In the third house
plants of Miltonia
for flower
;

103

now

his

MSS.

additions indicate an

list.

we observed a healthy batch of about three hundred vexillaria Cymbidium Devonianum, two plants showing
; ;

Pleurothallis Roezlii bearing an eight-flowered raceme of large

vinous-purple flowers
its

the rare

Dendrobium

senile,
;

remarkable
a

in

having
of

pseudobulbs covered with long woolly hairs

;

very fine

plant

Oncidium ornithorhynchum album the beautiful C. insigne Sanderae and C. i. Ernesti C. X Arthurianum with 25 growths the yellow C. venustum Measuresianum, remarkable not only for the absence of purple from the
; ;

flower, but also

from the underside of the leaves

Selenipedium caricinum

with 40 growths; and various other interesting Orchids.

Masdevallia
is

a genus in which Mr. Measures takes a special interest.

catalogue issued in June, 1890, uniform with that of Cypripedium, shows

it

that

contains most of the species, varieties, and hybrids

at the

in cultivation.

few pages
that

end are devoted

to Pleurothallis

and Restrepia, and show

of the latter are in the

some

forty species of the former

and eleven

collection.

The next house

smaller Masdevallias, for

and contains most of the the Saccolabiate section and the scarlet-flowered
visited
is

a cool one,

M. O'Brieniana, allied to M. simula, but with broader leaves and larger flowers; M. elephanticeps, M. torta, M. Arminii, Mr. cupularis, M. Mooreana, M. X Courtauldiana and M. X Hincksiana, the latter flowering almost throughout the year, and as the flowers open deep buff and fade to cream or nearly white, it looks Odontoglossums grande as if two plants were mixed in the same clump. and Harryanum are also grown here.
group are elsewhere.
the rarities
note,

Among

we

The next

is

a small house containing Laelia anceps, Ccelogyne barbata

into another chiefly devoted to

and Cypripedium insigne, whence we pass and

its varieties Sallieri,

C. villosum, Boxallii, insigne and the cooler hybrids.

Here are C. x nitens

Celeus, and others, C. x Godseffianum,

many

plants

of C. Boxallii

and

C. villosum in flower, including a richly-coloured C. v.

aureum.

Hanging from the

varieties

roof are fine plants of Masdevallia Chimaera

in

and

its

and

allies,

robust health, a splendid

clump

of

the

remarkable M. muscosa with

two

hundred

leaves;

also

Pleurothallis

Grobyi, and the singular P. ornata, with three spikes.

The

large Cattleya house contains

some two hundred plants

its

of Cattleya

labiata, a fine lot of C. Trianae

and

varieties, with fifty flowers open,

among which
and
varieties.

C. T. Ernesti

is

conspicuous; also C. Mossiae, C. Mendelii

and C. Warscewiczii

(gigas) in variety, together with various other species,

Cattleya citrina crossed with Laelia purpurata has developed

a fine capsule, while the same species fertilised with C. Schrcederae and the

reversed cross were

will be obtained.

both equally promising, and

we hope

that seedlings.

io 4

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

The
next house contains a miscellaneous collection, including Ccelogyne
;

tomentosa with 50 bulbs

largest with

three enormous plants of C. Massangeana, the

;

120 bulbs

C. pandurata

several

C.

Dayana

a batch

of

Miltonia Roezlii, and numerous plants of Cypripedium Victoria-Marise and

C. exul.
It
is

interesting to note that the latter species, as well as C.

all

bellatulum and C. x Arthurianum, have

been crossed with the beautiful

other

yellow C. insigne Sanders.

The

Lselia

house contains a

fine

batch of L. purpurata and

species, also

the natural hybrids Lselio-cattleya

X elegans and

L.-c.

and a large batch of Cattleya Lawrenceana, in robust health. Cypripedium niveum and -its allies, C. concolor, bellatulum, and Godefroyse are grown in quantity on the shelves, in a compost composed of broken limeThere are stone and fibrous peat, in which they evidently luxuriate. also three very large plants of Selenipedium x calurum in No 1 pots.
Schilleriana,

In the Lycaste house

may

be seen a large batch of L. Skinneri, intogether with various other species

;

cluding eight plants of L.

Bifrenaria Harrisonise and

S. alba,

Epidendrum vitellinum

while suspended from

the roof
square.

is

a very large plant of Ccelogyne cristata alba, on a raft three feet

The next house

like

contains Cypripedium barbatum and

its

allies

more heat

also C.

Sanderianum, some plants

six

of

C.

exul,

which and C.

them showing flower. One plant shows the somewhat curious phenomenon of having the lowermost bracts coloured precisely like the sepals. Among plants of C. Stonei was a fine one with 30 growths also a large Selenipedium caudatum, and
Rothschildianum, with 10 to 14 growths,
of
;

various kinds of Phalaenopsis-

The Dendrobium house contains a variety of the leading kinds, D. nobile and some of the hybrids from it being in flower and bud. A good plant
of D. nobile Cooksoni with 36 bulbs and 20 flowers
is

very effective, also

D.

Sanderianum and D. x Ainsworthii, D. Farmed with 60 bulbs, D. densiflorum with 70 to 80, and the chaste D. Dearei with 30, are also
n.

noteworthy.

The Cymbidium house contains

its

large specimens of C.

Lowianum and
C.

yellow variety concolor,

C.

grandiflorum,

and several plants of

eburneum, coming into flower. Suspended from the roof are some large specimens of Masdevallia Chimaera and its varieties, also M. bella with
250 leaves, M. leontoglossa with 100, M. gargantua with 40, also the rare M. Lowii. A cross has been effected between M. leontoglossa and
Pleurothallis Roezlii which

may

yield

some curious

results.

next houses are chiefly devoted to Aerides and Vanda. V. tricolor and V. suavis are present in variety, and several of them finely
in flower.

The two

the glass,

Some time ago but Mr. Chapman

the plants were very leggy and had reached boldly cut them down and repotted them, with

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

the happiest result, as they are

105

now

furnished with leaves

down

to the pots

and apparently as healthy

of Stauropsis

as

if

they had not been touched.

large plant

lissochiloides

is

throwing up a spike;

Aerides expansum
is

Leoniae shows 26 growths, and

Vanda Denisoniana
also

represented by a

good plant.
in

In short, both genera are represented by

health.
is

many

tine plants

robust

This house

contains

large plant

of

Laslia

superbiens, which

bearing a spike five feet long with nine

large

and

handsome flowers. The Masdevallia house proper contains a large collection of plants in the most robust health, as is proved by their vigorous growth and deep green colour. The house is a lean-to, with the most ample provision for ventilation, which is utilised to the fullest extent whenever the weather
During the winter a temperature of 50 is maintained as nearly as possible, with a minimum of 45 in extreme weather; but Mr. Chapman
permits.

considers that so low a temperature, except for a very short period,

risky

is

very

unless the
i

plants

are

comparatively dry.

Great care should be

exercised

n watering
possible by

ng the winter, but even then they should not

be allowed

During warm weather the temperature is kept y available means. The result is excellent, as
1

the plants are healthy

the
well 1,

vigorous, and will doubtless flower freely

when

season arriv

plant of M. ignea

was already pushing up

osa with 80 leaves is one of the healthiest we and a large M. ra have ever seen. M. Harryana in its numerous varieties is represented in
quantity, as also
100,
is

M.

ignea.
50,

M. X Measuresiana
list.

M. Carded has 70 leaves, M. gemmata and M. irrorata 60. But it is unnecessary to

Pleurothallis punctulata, with
its

prolong the

The unique

remarkable

glaucous leaves, has 18 growths, while Restrepias and Scaphosepalums are

represented in variety.

The Odontoglossum house

varieties.

contains a thousand plants, and

flower

many good
tine

Among

those in

may

be mentioned a very

O.

triumphans, and several forms of the O. x Andersonianum group. The last house is used as a resting house, and Mexican house

in

summer, and may thus be briefly be dismissed, as but little space remains for the hybrids, which form one of the most interesting features of the
Hybridising
is

carried on to such an extent that

it

is

difficult to

know
of

where

to begin.

Perhaps some idea may be formed by the

Mr.

fact that already

during the

present year

Chapman has sown

their turn.

capsules, and has 60

more waiting

36 Those which mature during

the

contents

the winter months are stored up in paper until the return of more genial

weather, because the risk of loss

is

considered to be diminished by this

To enumerate

the

crosses already

made would be

a formidable task

io6

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

when they come
:

but they are carefully recorded in a book, so that the information

available
to
flower.

A
;

few interesting

may ones may

be be

mentioned as a sample Cypripedium Lawrenceanum crossed with Parishii, which will probably flower before long C. ciliolare x bellatulum, and the
reverse;

C.

villosum

bellatulum,
;

and the reverse; C. superbiens X

;

bellatulum, and the reverse

C. Curtisii
;

C. Boxallii atratum x bellatulum

;

x bellatulum, and the reverse C. callosum x bellatulum; C. bellatulum

;

X Mastersianum C. Curtisii X Chamberlainianum, and the reverse C. Curtisii x Rothschildianum and C. Rothschildianum crossed with Selenipedium x leucorrhodum. The last-named cross deserves a passing mention. It is only one of a series made between the two genera Cypripedium and
;

Selenipedium,

though hitherto without any practical

results,

for

while

numerous capsules have been obtained, no seed has ever

to germinate.

yet been induced

large

number

of seedlings are gradually progressing towards maturity

some have already

flowered, and a considerable

number

of

others will
It
is

probably arrive at this stage within the next year or two.

necessary to add that some interesting novelties

hardly

may

be anticipated.

There

is

a genuine pleasure in going through this interesting collection,

where

all

the work seems to be undertaken systematically.

Besides the

ordinary label, each pot or basket has a small leaden one, on which a

number

is

punched, while the particulars are entered

of

in

a book under the

facility.

corresponding number, and can thus be consulted with the utmost

Mr. Measures has also water-colour drawings

many

of his favourites,

more particularly of Cypripedium and Masdevallia, which are available for He has also reference and comparison when the plants are not in flower.
a small duplicate collection contained in five houses at his country residence
in

Hampshire.

May

the day be far

distant

when

the remainder of the

collection has to follow

them

PHALiENOPSIS
This
is

F.

L.

AMES.
whom we
have now

a very charming and distinct hybrid which flowered in 1888 with

Messrs. James Veitch and Sons, of Chelsea, from

received a raceme.
It

was obtained by crossing the Malayan P. amabilis (Blume) with the pollen of P. x intermedia, itself a natural hybrid between
P.

Aphrodite and P. rosea, from the Philippines.

The

flowers are about

lip

intermediate in shape and size, the sepals and petals white, but the
suffused

and marked with a peculiar shade

of reddish purple,

which

affords

a very effective contrast.

colour of the lip
is

The

tendrils are well developed.

The

peculiar
it

quite distinct from that of any other, and renders

It

an

interesting addition to the group.

was dedicated
-

to the late

Mr. F. L.

Ames,

of

North Easton, Mass., U.S.A.


THE ORCHID REVIEW.
107

NOVELTIES.
Ccelogyne cristata, Woodlands variety. Another
beautiful

variety

of the

Ccelogyne cristata has appeared, this time

in the collection of

R.

H. Measures, Esq., The Woodlands, Streatham. It has the shape and size of C. c. Lemoniana, but the disc, instead of being citron yellow, is very pale primrose. Compared side by side the two are very distinct in the character
pointed out.
It
is

very beautiful, and adds variety to the forms of this

useful garden Orchid.

We

have seen nothing

like

it

before.

Laelio-cattleya X Pittiana.
F. Sander and Co., of
St.

A
it

natural hybrid imported by Messrs.

is

Albans,

said,

from the neighbourhood of

C. amethysto-

Pernambuco.
glossa)

It is

compared with Laelio-cattleya X Schilleriana, and the

(*..,

parents are conjectured to be Cattleya guttata Prinzii

and Laelia grandis neither

of

which, by the way, grow at Pernam;

buco.

The pseudobulbs

are diphyllous

the raceme three to five-flowered

the flowers are four inches in diameter; the sepals and petals creamyand the white, tinged with rose and having a few minute dots of crimson
;

lip

nearly entire, the front lobe and tips of the side-lobes rich amethyst-

purple, and the rest nearly white.

Laelio-cattleya

x albanense

in

shows much resemblance to shape, but the two-leaved pseudobulbs show

The

figure

that

it

cannot be a variety of

it.

We
March
II.,

should suggest that

3rd, pp. 264, 265,
fig.

it

came from

Bahia. O'Brien

in Gard. Chron.,

27.

Grammatophyllum Guilelmi
allied to

Kranzl. A new Guinea species

Fenzlianum, Rchb. f., but larger, the racemes over a yard long G. and bearing from twenty to thirty-five flowers about three inches in diameter. introduced by Messrs. F. Sander and Co., St. Albans, through their It was
collector Micholitz

GarUnjtora, March

1st, p. 114.

Dendrobium AuGUSTiE VICTORIA, Kranzl. A

origin

species with the

as

the preceding,
It

which has flowered

Albertisii,

in

the collection of
is

same Herr

Karnbach, of Berlin.

belongs to the section Antennata, and

allied to

D. Mirbelianum, Gaud., and D.

raceme
is

Rchb.

f.

The

sepals are white,

the petals pale yellow, veined with purple, and the tip rose-purple.

The

long and many-flowered.

Gartcnflora,

March

1st, p. 115.

LYCASTE SKINNERI ALBA.

In the
inquires

March number as to my method

if

of

The Orchid Review

to

(p. 64),

a correspondent

of

growing Lycaste Skinneri alba.

Let

me

say

at once that

any credit attaches

my

successful cultivation of this

io8

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

it

Orchid,

rightly belongs to

my

gardener, Mr.

Thomas Poyntz, who has

by 10 inches,

had

sole

charge of

my
it

houses for the past eight years.

is

The
it is

plant referred to
to suit
its

grown
it

in a teak basket, 15 inches

which seems

admirably.
is

making

new

growths,

During the summer months, and while suspended in the Odontoglossum house,

a structure which

is

completely shaded by
It is

my

residence for the whole of

the day except the early morning.

afterwards removed to the Mexican

house, where the Lselias, such as anceps, autumnalis,

&c,

are grown, and

here

it is

allowed to complete the formation of

to flower.

its

bulbs, to

throw up
it

its

spikes,

and

No
moss
to

artificial

manure

of

any kind has ever been used, and

has had to

gain sustenance solely from the compost of good fibrous peat and
in

sphagnum
It

which

it is

placed, and from rain-water, air, and light.

appears

me

that the removal of the plant from one house to the other at the
its

period stated contributes largely to

of the

well doing, the shade and moisture

its

Odontoglossum house helping

light obtainable in the

early growth, while the drier air

Mexican house ripens up the bulbs and ensures longer flower stems than if kept to the cool house altogether. I do not say that some slight stimulant in the way of manure might not
and greater
induce
it

to

flower more

freely,

but

personally

prefer

to

let

well

Reginald Young.
Fringilla, Sefton Park, Liverpool.

NOTICES OF BOOKS.
About Orchids:
Ltd.,

Chat.

By Frederick Boyle.

Chapman and

Hall,

London, 1893.

This work, as the author tells us, consists of a series of collected articles, which have appeared in various periodicals The Standard, Saturday Review,
St.

James's Gazette, National Review, and Longman's

Magazine brought up

to date

by additions, especially about hybridising. The essays are nine in number, and " profess to be no more than chat of a literary man about
Orchids."

They

are written in fascinating style, and the reader

will not

who combefore

mences the book

improbably be loth to lay

little

it

down again

reaching the last cover. from the pages of Rt 'u

_

Eight charming
.-"

chromo-lithographs, reduced

'.

\ also

embellish the work.

The

essays include such subjects

as My Gardening An Orchid SaleLost Orchid An Orchid

Orchids, Cool,

Warm, and Hot The

Farm-

Orchids and Hybridising together with a short preface. From the latter we gather that the author's object is to popularise Orchid growing.

"Savants and professionals," he

Orchidology
all

tells

us,

to themselves as yet.

"have kept the delights of They smother them in scientific

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

treatises, or

109

commit them

to

dry earth burial

in

gardening books.

Very

few outsiders suspect that any amusement could be found therein.

are environed by mystery, pierced

Orchids

now and again by a brief announcement that something with an incredible name has been sold for a fabulous number of guineas which passing glimpse into an unknown world makes
;

it

more legendary than were dispersed."

before.

It

is

high time such noxious superstitions

"

And
to

to disperse

them

the author proceeds forthwith.

It is

astonishing

me," he observes, " that so few people grow Orchids. Every modern book on gardening tells how five hundred varieties at least, the freest to

flower,

and assuredly as beautiful as any, may be cultivated without heat

for seven or eight

months

of the year."
fire

A
at

little later

we

are told that " the

cool house, in general, requires a

night until June 1."

Here the
call in

average outsider will certainly

call

a halt, while the novice

may even

the aid of the local expert with a character to lose.

We

would

refrain

from looking

at a

book of this kind too

critically,

though the author's remark that "hardly a statement needs correction" is, to say the least, superfluous. Of Odontoglossum we learn that "no one in England has raised a plant from seed that we may venture to say
definitely."

And

yet the fact has been recorded over and over again that in

June, 1890, Messrs. Veitch flowered Odontoglossum x excellens raised from hybrid seeds obtained in their establishment. And Messrs. Heath have

same home by Gardner was C.

since performed the

feat.
1.

The legend
is

that the Cattleya labiata sent

Warneri

equally wide of the mark, and Mr.

Boyle might easily have satisfied himself that Warneri flowered for the first time in England just twenty-two years later. Numerous other cases could
be pointed out, but

we

refrain.

sometimes led away.

attention they

Many

Mr. Boyle writes as an enthusiast, and is Orchids are easily grown if treated aright, but

must have,

other plants.

And
1

satisfactory than " bit of glass " the novice will soon discover that every

or they will not prove

more

Orchid House.

The Amateur Orchid Cultivator's Guide Book.

By H.

A.

Burberry, F.R.H.S.

Blake and McKenzie, Liverpool, 1894.

most useful little work, which we commend to all who contemplate growing Orchids. Its purpose is to give " in plain words, easily
This
is

understood instructions on important points belonging to every-day work " in the culture of Orchids. It is a book for beginners, though many who are

more or
of

less experts will find

numerous

useful facts in
potting,

its

pages.

It treats

heating,

ventilation,

shading,

watering,

diseases
fact,

and insect
very

enemies, treatment of imported Orchids, seedlings

able subject on

in

almost every
in

which the grower requires information, and

no
handy form.

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

Even such a subject as stoking the
fires
is

not neglected.

The

different

houses necessary, their structure and position, with the

;

varieties suitable for each, are treated in detail

besides which

we

find a

Calendar of Operations for every month of the year.

which are reproduced from photographs, are of a novel and very useful character. They include Cattleya and Odontoglossum, as imported, and after being potted, with a section showing the method of
illustrations,

The

Dendrobium and Cypripedium potted, the former also pan and basket A Model Orchid house, with outlines Section of Boilers and arrangedrainage
in

ments

for shading.

The charge brought

against
all

some

of the text-books that

they are written for the initiated does not at

events apply to this one.

We

recommend

it

to our readers with the

utmost confidence.
is

The

cqndition of

the splendid collection under Mr. Burberry's charge

the soundness of the advice given.

One or two
in

slight

ample guarantee of details of nomenclature

It

we should

like to see

amended

a future edition.

forms a suitable

pendant to the preceding work, and those who are induced to commence the
cultivation of Orchids should
first

master the details of this useful

little

book.

THE HYBRIDIST.
Selenipedium x Stella.

The

rare Selenipedium vittatum has been pressed into the service of the as

hybridist,

Messrs.

F.

Sander and Co., of

St. Albans,

have recently
light

flowered a very pretty seedling derived from this species and S. Schlimii,

the latter being the seed parent.

The

sepals and petals are

rose

colour behind, and light blush in front, with some darker spots near the

base of the petals.

The

lip

is

light rose in front with darker veins,

much

paler behind, and round the orifice light yellow densely spotted with brown.

The staminode
coloured apex.

is

nearly semicircular, pubescent, and blush white with rose-

It

approaches S. x Sedeni
is

in shape, but

has rather smaller

flowers and shorter segments, and

notably different in the yellow spotted

It is a

with brown at the

genus.

orifice of the lip.

very interesting addition to the

Cypripedium x calloso-Argus.
hybrid derived from C. Argus $ and C. callosum , which has flowered in the collection of H. Graves, Esq., Orange, New Jersey, U.S.A. The
flower
is

most

like C.

callosum

in

shape

the dorsal sepal white with bright

green veins;

the petals deflexed, nearly three inches long, bright green

flushed with vinous purple near the apex, and studded with blackish purple
callosities

on the superior margin, the

lip

vinous brown, with the infolded

and spotted with brown, and the staminode translucent and reticulated with green. The leaves have the markings of C. Argus.
side-lobes yellowish

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

Cvpripedium x Echo.
This
is

ill

handsome dwarf-growing hybrid raised from Cypripedium Hookerae $ and C. insigne $, in the same collection as the preceding. The
a very

leaves are greenish white, netted with light green, and about three inches

long by one and a half broad

hairs, flower three

flower scape one foot high, brown, with purplish

;

and a half inches across

dorsal sepal oval, mucronate,

apical third greenish white, remainder pale green with a few purple dots

near the base, the whole beautifully tinged with rose-violet petals very broadly spathulate, rose-violet shading to green at the base, and faintly
;

dotted with violet, ciliate

on the margins

lip

shining, rich

brown with
hirsute,

darker veining, paler beneath, infolded side-lobes pale yellow with purple
dots, ciliate on the

margin of aperture; staminode semi-orbicular,

primrose yellow.

Cypripedium x Beheensianum.

A
and

very pretty hybrid raised in the establishment of Messrs. F. Sander

Co., of St. Albans, from C. Boxallii ?

and C. x Io grande

$.

It

might

almost be described as C. Boxallii with the petals narrowed and covered with large dark purple-brown spots almost to the apex, and the staminode approaching that of C. Lawrenceanum in shape. These modifications are

due

to the influence of C.

Io grande.
their

The

spots
as

Lawrenceanum and on the petals come

that

C. Argus, the parents of C. chiefly

is

from C. Argus, while due to the combined

shape, as well

of the staminode,

influence of this species and C.

Lawrenceanum.

small green tubercle on

the staminode, the shape and colour of the dorsal sepal, and the details of the lip show the influence of C. Boxallii.

Cypripedium x Pandora. A charming hybrid raised by M. Anton Joly, from C. Argus and C. Dayanum, the latter presumably the pollen parent. It most resembles the
former, but the dorsal sepal has more white on the margin, and the petals

more spreading, and the

in

lip

somewhat approaches
p.

C.

Dayanum. Kranzlin

Gard. Chron., Feb. 24th,

230.

L^lio-cattleya" x Hox. Mrs. Astor.

hybrid raised in the establishment of Messrs. F. Sander and Co., of St. Albans, from Cattleya Gaskelliana $ and Laslia xanthina $. In shape it most resembles the former, though the colour is more like that of L. xanthina. The sepals are clear light yellow, the petals white tinged with
sulphur, and the front part of the
lip

A handsome

bright rose-purple with lilac margin

and the throat streaked with purple and yellow. It flowered when five and a half years old. O'Brien in Gard. Chron., Feb. 24th, pp. 230, 231, Fig. 24. L.elio-cattleya x Doris. In the description of this handsome hybrid
at p. 79
it

was inadvertently
allied

stated that Laelia cinnabarina

was the seed

parent.

The

L. harpophylla should have been given.

ii2

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

Cypripedium x mulus. By an oversight we omitted to state the It origin of this hybrid when describing it at page 244 of our last volume. was raised by Mr. Maynard in the establishment of Messrs. F. Sander and
Co., of St. Albans.

ODONTOGLOSSUM
This
is

EXCELLENS VAR. HARVENGTENSE.

le

the beautiful Odontoglossum for which M.

Comte de Bousies

received a First-class Diploma of

of Brussels, on

Honour

at the

meeting of the Orchideene

and which has been mentioned in various reports as a natural hybrid between O. crispum and O. sceptrum. Through the kindness of M. A. A. Peeters, of Brussels, I have seen the inflorescence, and find that the plant is a fine variety of O. x excellens, a hybrid between 0. Pescatorei and O. triumphans. Shape, colour, column wings and crest of lip are absolutely in agreement, and quite different from those of O. X Wilckeanum, of which the first-named parentage would have made it a variety. The inflorescence is very fine, and the largest flower measures three and a half inches across its longest diameter, while the petals are fourteen I have seen a form of lines broad, and the lip and dorsal sepal ten lines. this hybrid with longer segments, though they were narrower, having more of the shape of O. triumphans. The flower has a very light yellow ground with many minute light cinnamon spots on the petals and larger ones on the sepals and lip. It is not so heavily spotted as the O. x excellens dellense in Baron Schroder's collection.
February
last,

nth

R. A. Rolfe.

DENDROBIUM
A
series of

EUOSMUM AND

ITS VARIETIES.

forms of this beautiful hybrid has reached us from Messrs,

James Veitch and Sons, of Chelsea. It will perhaps be remembered that it was originally obtained by crossing Dendrobium x endocharis (D. japonicum x aureum) with the pollen of D. nobile, and that the name is given in allusion to its fragrant flowers. The flowers are white with a mediumsized maroon-purple disc, and each segment lightly flushed with pale, rosy
purple.

The

variety leucopterum
is

is

larger and of the purest white, except

the disc, which

little

paler than in the original form.

Another pure

white form has been called variety virginale, and chiefly differs in having rather narrower and more acute sepals and petals. The variety roseum is
a beautiful rose-coloured form, but
is

remarkably

like

D.

x Dominianum
it

(D. nobile x Linawianum), and

stray seedling from that cross.

we cannot
If

avoid a suspicion that

is

is

not the resemblance

very remarkable.

D. x

euosmum and

its

varieties are very floriferous

and beautiful.

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

A GROUP OF DENDROBIUMS.
The Dendrobiums
represent

here

illustrated

some

of the variations to

form a very interesting group, and which the beautiful D. nobile is subject,
it

together with a garden hybrid raised between

supposed natural hybrid of the same origin.

represented, for the simple reason that

and D. primulinum, and a The second parent is not

obtain a fresh
are about half

flower of

it

when

the

we were unable to photograph was made. The figures

F. Sander and

Co., of St. Albans, from D, primulinum % and D. nobile $, and was described two years ago {Gard. Chrcn., 1892, i. p. 522), on the occasion of its flowering for the first time. It was described as being much like the pollen parent, both
in habit
little

and

in the general
tips,

shape of the flower

the sepals delicate blush, a

darker at the

but white at the base

the petals white with rosy

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

purple
tips,

and the

lip

sulphur-yellow and white tipped with bright rose.

As

in the case of the seed parent, the

deep maroon blotch

is

absent

but

close to the base, on either side of the pinkish white fleshy disc, are a

number
well

of

radiating deep

maroon

lines, just

where some

lighter streaks

occur in D. primulinum.

With the exception

of colour these characters are

shown

in

our

figure.

This flower was taken from a plant from the by Messrs. Sander, but
it is

same batch
shaw,
small

of seedlings, kindly sent

not equal

to the original form,

now
is

in the collection of

W.

R. Lee, Esq., of Auden-

Manchester, having
the difference
the resemblance

both

smaller flowers
say.

and

narrower petals.
surprising

Whether
is

permanent we cannot

It is

how

which

this hybrid bears to the seed parent, the

may only obvious character being the absence of the maroon disc. point out that the dark throat of the lip seen in our figure arises from shade,
this being one of the

We

drawbacks

of the photographic process,

though

it

is

more than compensated for by superior accuracy in other respects. D. x Rolfese is as free growing and floriferous as D. nobile, and is a very charming
plant.

x Rolfe.e var. roseum. Fig. io represents a very interesting plant from the collection of Major-General E. S. Berkeley, of Bitterne Park, Southampton, who informs us that it appeared among some imported D. nobile sold by Messrs. Protheroe and Morris about three years ago. It was a tiny little piece, but produced a flower on the imported stem, and
D.

though weak
hybrid.
it

it

was

at

once seen to be very

distinct,

and probably a natural

Like the preceding,

It

has

now developed

into a respectable plant.

lip,

has no maroon blotch on the

while the radiating lines near the base

It

are also very similar, and the habit quite that of D. nobile.
a substantial agreement in character with D.

shows such

Rolfese as to leave little

doubt of
are

its

being a natural hybrid derived from the same two species, which
to

known

grow together

in

Sikkim.

The

present form

is

considerably
is

brighter in colour than the original, and, as the figure shows,

like

also

more
to

D. nobile in the shape of the

lip.

The segments would appear

fact that the flower

be

less spreading, but this is partly

due to the

as fresh

when photographed.

It is

a very beautiful variety,

of variety

was scarcely and owing to its

brighter colour

may

bear the

name

roseum.
Fig.

Before the preceding

nobile.

was known
flower,
is this

it

might perhaps have passed as a variety of D.

is

Dendrobium nobile
species
is

represented in

n a

good well-shaped

though not quite identical with the original Chinese form.

excessively variable, and

The

fact

we have

received from Messrs.

Sander

at least a score of

forms from recent importations, no two of which

here represented.

are alike.

One

of

them

is

figured are from the collection of

The remaining four varieties W. Thompson, Esq., Walton Grange,

Stone, Staffordshire, kindly sent by Mr.

of the

W.

Stevens, gardener, with a few

more typical forms.

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

D. n. albiflorum (Fig. 12)
is

115

pure white with the exception of the deep

maroon disc, and is invariably smaller than most other forms, even when grown under the same conditions. It has long been known, though we have failed to trace its exact origin. A much larger white form, which appeared last year with Messrs. F. Sander and Co., of St. Albans, is known as D. n.
D. x. xobilius (Fig. 13)
is

the largest and most richly coloured form

was originally purchased by Mr. James, of the Castle Nursery, Lower Norwood, at one of Stevens' sales, nearly twenty years ago, and was afterwards acquired by Messrs. Rollisson, who exhibited it at the Ghent Quinquennial Exhibition, in 1878, though it suffered so severely by frost during transmission that it was nearly lost. All the plants in cultivation have been propagated from the original one. The flowers are
It

which has yet appeared.

four inches in diameter across the petals, which latter are an inch broad.

The segments
had
D. nobile

are

more spreading than shown

in the figure, but the flower

lost a little of its rigidity

when photographed,
(Fig. 14) is smaller
is

as in the case of Fig. 10.

Sanderianum

and not quite so dark

It

in

colour as the preceding, but

a very handsome form.

appeared with

Messrs. F. Sander and Co., of St. Albans, a few years ago.

D. nobile Cooksonianum (Fig.

observed
in the collection of

15) is a curious sport,

which was

first

Mr. Theodore Lange, Heathfield House, Gates-

head, but afterwards passed into the collection of N. C. Cookson, Esq.,

Oakwood, Wylam-on-Tyne. The petals bear a deep maroon blotch at the base, and thus show a tendency to become metamorphosed into lips. Curiously enough, the sport has since independently appeared in two other
collections.

Several other varieties of this beautiful and popular

received distinctive names,

Dendrobium have
is

among which D.
The maroon
is

n.

Ballianum

one of the

most

distinct.

Some

flowers received were, unfortunately, not fresh enough

to be included in the group.

blotch

is

replaced by a soft pink

area of the same size

tip is flushed

round this

a pale sulphur-white area, while the

sepals and petals are tipped with the
It is

with blush pink.

The

same

colour, but blush white below.

a very charming form.

ODONTOGLOSSUM
This
is

<

DELTOGLOSSUM STEVENSII.
Esq., Walton, Stone, Staffordshire
(gr.

a very striking variety of Odontoglossum x deltoglossum from

the collection of

W. Thompson,
The
panicle

Mr.

W.

Stevens).

bears three basal branches, and altogether

carries over thirty flowers.

The ground

colour

is

light yellow,

and the
few bear

sepals each bear several large red-brown spots, in a few cases aggregated
into

two broad bands, while the petals are nearly unmarked.

n6

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

two or three small spots, and there are generally one or two narrow iim the extreme base. The lip is yellow, with a large red-brown blotch
the

and has the usual deltoid shape. The strong contrast betweer sepals and petals gives it a very bizarre and elegant appearance,
tip,

dedicated to Mr. Stevens.

R. A. I

ORCHID HYBRIDISATION.
[Continued from page
85.)

Last month we

left

our hybridist warring with

slugs

and

thrips,

and

generally striving to safeguard his fondlings against the adverse circumstances which oppose their progress from infancy to maturity, in which

we

may hope

he has been successful.

And

the next question

is,

How

long

must he wait before reaping the fruits of his labour ? This depends largely upon circumstances. It may be as little as two or as much as nineteen years, though both extremes are exceptional. Calanthe x Dominii, the first hybrid which reached the flowering stage, was only two years old when that event took place, and now Disa x Veitchii and D. x kewensis have successively broken the record by flowering in twenty-one and eighteen months respectively, from the time the seed was sown. Cypripedium x Arnoldianum, too, flowered when under two years old.
It

may

be interesting to give a few particulars under this head.

list,

Disa

and Calanthe probably comes next, as the average period of reaching maturity is from three to four years. Cypripedium, Selenipedium, and Dendrobium, follow closely, then Masdevallia, Chysis, and Phaius crossed with Calanthe, about four to five years. Zygopetalum
evidently heads the

and Lycaste require rather longer to reach the flowering stage, and last of all comes Cattleya and Laelia and the various crosses between them, for

which seven

to ten

years

is

perhaps about the average, with four years

illustrate this point.

few more exact details will further

Calanthe

Alexandri flowered within three years, and one or two other cases of equally rapid development are on record for the genus. Cypripedium x Juno flowered in three years and eight months after the seed was sown, and

Dendrobium x Cybele

in six years.

longifolium flowered in
verse cross required six.

Selenipedium Schlimii crossed with S. four years, according to Mr. Veitch, while the re-

Zygopetalum maxillare crossed with Z. Mackayi (by the way was not this Z. intermedium ?) flowered in six years, but the reverse cross in nine. Cattleya x William Murray flowered when four years old Laelio-cattleya x Aurora, L.-c. Proserpine and L.-c. Tresederiana in seven
years
;

L.-c. Cassiope

and

L.-c. Stella in eight

L.-c.

x Arnoldiana

in ten

;.

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

L.-c.

117

x Mylamiana in thirteen, which was also the period required for the development of Cattleya x Mitchellii while Laelio-cattleya x caloglossa brings up the rear with a period of no less than
in

x Cassandra

eleven

L.-c.

nineteen years

an
also

inordinately long period to wait

though
after

fortunately

quite exceptional.

The time
is

required for the

is

maturing of the capsule

the

flower

fertilised

subject to considerable variation.

Calanthe requires

from three to four months, Masdevallia four, Phalaenopsis and Zygopetalum

six, Laelia

Dendrobium, Chysis, Anguloa, Cypripedium, and Cattleya are mentioned by Mr. Veitch as requiring about
purpurata nine, while
a year before the seed
is

ripe.

Usually the seed

begin to swell.
it

is

sown as soon

as ripe, and before long the seeds

forth within five or six weeks, or
it

tiny leaf

may push

may

require as

many months,

or even longer, but

off

is

on record that
other

some cases the young plants have been pricked months from the date of sowing the seed. This
in

within two or three

as well as most

details

is

subject to great variation, and

many

of the facts are not yet on

record, though

we hope

that

now

that our pages are open to the subject

they will soon be forthcoming.

From

the foregoing considerations

it

is

clear that the hybridist cannot

hope to see the results of his labours until some three or four years have elapsed since commencing his experiments, though after that time a succession of events may be anticipated. Meantime, the pleasure of watching their gradual development from the minute seed is sufficient
reward.

To-day

my

gardener has shown

me

eight different lots of Cypripedium

seedlings which are just germinating.

The
is

seed was sown, in every instance

on a pot
any

in

which a Cypripedium plant

growing, and the compost consists

of pure fibrous peat, without the addition of any

living

sphagnum

at

all,

nor

is

sphagnum allowed

to

grow on the surface

the seed
;
:

of the peat.

The
first),

following are the various crosses (the seed-parent being placed

and the exact date

when

tulum, sown August 14th, 1893 insigne x Spicerianum, sown October

;

C. callosum x bellawas sown C. a second lot sown October 13th

;

sown October 13th C. Dayanum Lawrenceanum X Boxallii atratum, sown November 4th C. LawrenceC. anum x bellatulum, sown November 14th and C. barbatum giganteum x Druryi, sown November 25th.
; ;

callosum x venustum, x insigne Chantinii, sown October 13th

10th
;

C.

All the seed capsules were ripened in

my

Cypripedium house, which

is

Jean-to with an eastern exposure, and the plants which bore these capsules

n8
were never exposed
with a
for the
fairly thick blind

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

to the full heat of the sun, but

were carefully shaded

well being of

whenever the sunlight was considered too strong the plants, no special thought being given to the

ripening of the seed.

full

may

say that

neither believe in the necessity of

in the

sun exposure for the ripening of Orchid seed, nor

blinds
to produce perpetual shade for the

constant use
in

of thick

same end, but

rational treatment

which permits either Cypripediums

or other Orchids to

enjoy as

much

sunlight as they can bear without injury to the leaves,

or the stunting of their growth.

Bridge Hall, Bury, Lancashire.

O. O. Wrigley.

CALENDAR OF OPERATIONS FOR

The
day
;

APRIL.

temperature of the cool house for April should be as follows: 6o a

.

by-

with sun, 65 ; by night, 55 ; morning, 50 These figures should be maintained as nearly as possible, freely admitting air through the ventilators

accordance with the outside conditions, and keeping a regular supply of moisture on the paths, stages, and other surfaces, by thoroughly dampingin

down

at least three times a day.

But

little fire-heat will

now
it

be required in
best to have

this house, but

sometimes the nights are

in order to

cold,

and then

is

the pipes

warm

maintain ventilation.

The

repotting of Odonto-

glossom crispum and others of the same type should now cease until early

autumn, otherwise, as the hot weather

pseudobulbs will occur.

sets

in,

much

shrivelling

of the

The
is

repotting of other

cool Orchids should be

pushed on wherever
shine.

it

necessary.

Shade the plants from bright sunand Cattleya houses should be 65

The temperature

of the intermediate
;

by day; with sun, 70 ; night, 63 morning, 6o. The plants in these houses, too, should now be shaded during the day in bright weather, and
full attention

paid to ventilation, always being watchful during changeable

at the

and trying weather; see that the atmosphere

lack moisture
;

same time does not

damping down three times a day will not be too often as a general rule. Repot any plants before the new growth is too far advanced, or the new roots get too long, which then results in an unnecessary check. The Mexican house should be kept at the same temperature as the last named, but, of course, having no shading now, and very little at any time. The sun runs the thermometer up to a high degree during the day in bright weather, and this warmth must be tempered by large quantities of air and frequent damping down.

The East Indian and Dendrobium houses should

be kept at 73

by day

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

with sun, 83
shading,
;

119
will also require

night, 68; morning, 65

These houses

Guard against overand a very moist atmosphere kept up. watering the Dendrobiums just as they start into growth, more especially D. Bensonise and D. superbum, or the growths will damp off. Let both species be placed at the hottest possible part of the house, and keep a watchful eye for red spider on the first-named species, and likewise D.
aureum, as
it

is

these species which this pest generally

first

attacks.

As

stated last month, these figures are intended only as a guide; temperatures
will vary according to the outside conditions, and, except for the cool house,

do not advocate a finger-and-thumb, cut-and-dried temperature; but, at the same time, it is not advisable at this season to let it fall much below
I

that which
last

is

recommended.

fresh supply of hard tree leaves saved from

be brought in and placed under the stages, as advised in a former calendar, which throw off a nice moisture impregnated with

year

may

ammonia, and

is

feeding to the plants.

of Calanthe

The new growths

x Veitchii and

C vestita,

if

water has
an

been withheld since blooming, and the plants rested

intermediate temperature, will
inches high and

in a dry position in

new

roots
I

now have new growths from one to two pushing from the base, and when in this condition
find that the nature of the

they are best repotted.

compost for these is not of so much consequence as one might suppose, but what is of far greater importance during the season of growth is the position the plants occupy and the careful use of the watering-can, especially directly after Ours are potted in a mixture of good turfy loam, broken in repotting. small pieces not chopped), to a bushel of which is added about a gallon each of broken charcoal and coarse silver or river sand, and well mixed up
together.
all

The

pots are one-third

filled

with drainage, and the bulbs, having

the old roots trimmed
is
off,

the old materials shaken

away and

are re-

potted into this new, sweet material, which

pressed

down

rather firmly.

The

base of the bulbs

is

inserted about half an inch, and secured in that

position by a small stick, to

which the top

of the bulbs are tied.

;

Calanthes

succeed best

if

grown
is

in pots singly or in pairs

full-sized

pseudobulbs will

want a 32-sized

pot, a 48-sized pot

When

the potting

being large enough for small bulbs. completed the surface of the compost should be about

inch below the rim of the pot, in order to facilitate the watering. half an placed in the warmest house near to the glass, a shelf They should then be

an abundance of light, and being a most summer. Give a very little shaded only during very bright sunshine in sufficegradually increasing the water at first once a week will probably plant becomes strongly rooted then supply as the leaves grow and the simply thoroughly watering when the treat like any other stove plant, known as the "spot," which disfigures The disease plants become dry. insufficient heat, light, or air, but foliage and bulbs, may be caused by the
desirable place,

where there

is

i2o

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

when once contracted remains
then,
if

generally can be traced to over-watering, and

in the

system for a considerable time.

Liquid manure should not be applied

;

until the

healthy,

new growth is a weak solution

far
is

advanced, about July

the plants are

beneficial.
to flower satis-

Thunias admit of easy culture, but they are not so easy

factorily,

though when well flowered they are most graceful and beautiful,
of trouble

though, unfortunately, the flowers are rather short lived, but the small

amount

given for their successful cultivation counterbalances

I

this defect.

In a previous calendar

stated that ours are

grown

in full

sunshine in the Mexican house; not on any account are they shaded.
should be repotted

They

now in

exactly the

same manner

as advised for Calanthes,

and

in

similar compost, with the exception that four strong pseudobulbs

should be placed in a 32-sized pot at equal distances apart.

above, though very
or
little

Water

also as

indeed

is

needed during the early stages of growth,

they will not bloom freely.

Like other occupants of this house, they

are slightly syringed overhead during the evening after a day's hot sun in

summer.
to

Under

this treatment

Thunias should grow from eighteen inches

pseudobulbs are of
sufficient size,

two

feet in height only, and, if the

each

of

them should produce a

is past,

large truss of beautiful blossoms.

still
it

When

bloom-

ing

the plants should

water as usual until August,

liquid

when

occupy a similar position and receive should be gradually withheld. Apply

in the cool

manure
I

as advised for Calanthes.

find

Anguloas
position.

grow extremely well

house

if

given a light

They

are just

now pushing new growths and

if

flower-buds simul-

taneously, and at that stage are best repotted, as

is

delayed until flowering

best

grown in pots about half filled with drainage, in a compost consisting of two parts of peat to one of sphagnum, with a liberal addition of silver sand. Anguloas are also greatly assisted to make large pseudobulbs by applying weak liquid manure during growth, and these are necessary if successful blooming is
past the
is

new growth

too far advanced.

They are

expected.

find

it

a good plan after repotting to place the plants in the

intermediate house for a few weeks, in order to encourage and assist the

new growth.
Cattleyas are, perhaps, on the whole, the most beautiful of
all

Orchids,

and this, together with their kind and easy cultivation, causes them to take no secondary place in popularity. They are, comparatively speaking, cool growing Orchids, requiring only an intermediate temperature to luxuriate.
Cattleyas of the labiata type are to be had in bloom each month of the year. C. Percivaliana is the first to bloom, and opens its lovely flowers with richly coloured lip in January. This species should be repotted now,

and
to

it

must be grown
it

in the

sunshine, otherwise

Mexican house, where it gets an abundance of does not bloom satisfactorily, although free enough
After repotting, however,
it

form flower sheaths.

is

best to keep

them a

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

little

121

shaded until re-established.

C. Trianae then follows, and these

make

a grand display when in the pure air of the country. But I am sorry to add neither of the two species are suitable for growing in large towns, as the flowers coming so early in the season are cut off by smoky fogs, and generally before the bud expands, which is most vexing. Cattleya Trianae flowers from February to April, and is a most variable species. Some varieties vie in size and beauty with any of the labiata section, though it is
true there
is

a large percentage of inferior varieties

among them larger

than

in

any other

consequently

good varieties of Trianae should receive

I

special care, as they are always valuable.

believe there are few true C.

Trianae alba in existence, though

many

are sold as such, but most of

them

vary from year to year. As a rule, the better the plant is cultivated and the growths matured, the more the colouring matter present in the bloom.
Cattleya Mendelii and C. Schrcederae are the next to open, and these

through April and May; and then comes C. Mossiae, which lasts through June. In July and August C. gigas and C. Gaskelliana are conspicuous. I have previously said that C. gigas and its varieties should be
last

grown with the Mexican Orchids,

or in

some similar

place, and stinted with

water (though not shrivelled) until the new growths are three or four inches high'. This species, on the whole, is a shy bloomer, and even under this treatment miss doing so sometimes. Cattleya Gaskelliana should now be
potted, or
it

can be
for

left

and done

after flowering.

prefer the present time.

Then comes
aurea.
I

find

September the beautiful Cattleya Dowiana and its variety it is best to grow this species warmer than most others
suffer.

during the winter months, or the plants will

They
And

are either given

a place at the warmest part of the Cattleya house, or in another house

where the temperature averages

the glass so

five

degrees higher.

if

they are near

much

the better.

also give this treatment to C.

Lawrenceana,

which

May, and this species is best grown during the summer with the hot Dendrobium. C. Eldorado is another wanting a little extra warmth in winter, and is grown in summer with the last named, as are also C. Lueddemanniana, C. superba, C. Aclandiae, and the new C. Rex. For Cattleya Dowiana this extra heat during growth is not so essential, and it may be grown at the warmest end of the Cattleya house but should a plant be late in starting, or in a weak state of health, I recommend that it
flowers in April and
;

should be grown

in

heat until

it

has recovered.

Cattleya intermedia, Laelia x elegans, and any garden hybrids owing parentage to either, are also better for a little more warmth during winter

Cattleya house affords, as these kinds are then generally than the ordinary in active growth. So is Laelia purpurata, but for this more heat is not L. superbiens should be it is a more hardy growing species. necessary, as

grown

in the
is

Now

Mexican house. a good time to repot Ccelogyne

cristata

and others that have

122

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

C. cristate suffers greatly from being divided, and
it

done flowering.
lutely

is

best therefore not to disturb the

requires

a larger pot,

mass of pseudobulbs and then avoid their

is

until the plant abso-

division as

much

as

possible.

The Cattleya
is

or intermediate house

the best place for them,

and growth
a

greatly assisted by liquid

manure

in a

weak form about once

is

week when growing. Sphagnum moss and peat in equal parts material in which to grow them, and it is one of those Orchids
its

the best

that loses

leaves

if

subjected to strong fumigation.

Odontoglossum citrosmum, having been well rested throughout the

winter, will

now

be pushing flower spikes from the centre of the

new

breaks,

and the plants

may have more

water, and

be suspended from the roof.

Protect the tender spikes from woodlice and other pests by placing a small piece of cotton wool round the base.

The

lovely winter-blooming
is

Lycaste Skinned

may

be repotted

flowering

This species should be potted in peat moss in equal parts about once in two years; and it is necessary to be careful when watering-it is safest to keep it on the dry side rather than to over-water, even when in full growth, for if kept too wet a disease in the form of spot ensues, which quickly reduces the vitality of the plant. It is
over.
favourite, but is

when and sphagnum

grown in the intermediate house. Epidendrum vitellinum is a general too warm. I know of no exotic Orchid
best
cool house as this.
It

sometimes grown

so fond of the coolest part of the

done now must be

present time.

left

be repotted in the usual compost, and if not until flowering is past at midsummer. I prefer the

may

ORCHID PORTRAITS.
GARDENERS' CHRONICLE.
L.ELIO-CATTLEYA x Hox. Mrs. Astor
230, 231,
fig.

(see p.

in). February

24th, pp.

24.

L.elio-cattleya x Pittiana
fig.

(see p.

107). March 2nd, pp. 264, 265,

the plant described and figured in
fig.

27.

Cypripedium x Gravesi.e.
our last issue,
p. 81, fig.

This

is

8. March

10th, pp. 29S, 299,

34.

of

Dendrobium x Phaljsnopsis var. Schrcederianum. A fine group plants in the collection of W. Thompson, Esq., Walton Grange, Stone,
fig.

Staffordshire. March 17th, pp. 338, 339,

41.

GARDENERS' MAGAZINE.
L.EL10-CATTLEYA x Hon. Mrs. Astor
103, with
fig.

(see p.

in).-February

24th, p.

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

Lycaste x Imschootiana
17th, p. 151, with
fig.

123

(see p.

8 of our

January number). March

GARDENING WORLD. AngRjECUM sesquipedale. A fine plant with

collection of

eighteen flowers from the

3rd, pp. 421, 422,

M. Sanderson,

Esq.,

Edinburgh. March

with

fig.

Phal.exopsis Schilleriana.
436, 437, with
fig.

specimen plant. March 10th, pp.

JOURNAL OF HORTICULTURE.
L.elio-cattleya x Hon. Mrs. Astor
141,
fig-

(see p.

m).February

22nd,

p.

22.

Calanthe x Baron Schroder.

A handsome

hybrid with deep rose-

purple flowers and a deeper throat to the lip. Calanthe vestita gigantea and C. Regnieri are the parents. March 1st, p. 163, fig. 25.

L.elio-cattleya X Tydea. A handsome hybrid raised by Messrs. Veitch from Lselia pumila $ and Cattleya Trianae. It most resembles the former and has rosy mauve flowers with a deep purple-crimson lip.

March 8th, p. 181, fig. 30. Cypripedium X Ashworthle.

C.

X Leeanum

identical

superbum and C. with the former. March

Supposed to have been derived from x selligerum majus, but apparently

15th,
p.

197,

fig.

^>3-

ORCHID ALBUM.
Oncidium macranthum, Lindl t. Cypripedium superbiens, Rchb. f.
in cultivation

4S5.
It is

remarkable that

all

the plants

should have arisen from two original ones, and that the

habitat

is

not precisely

known. t.

4S6.

L.elia grandis tenebrosa,

146 of our last volume).

Gower.

The

plant

now known

as

L.

tenebrosa, Rolfe, formerly thought to be a variety of the old L. grandis (see

p.

t.

487.
Paxt.

Dendrobium Devonianum,
to the quite different
t.

Southern China

is

given as one of

the habitats of this beautiful plant, but incorrectly, as that locality belongs

D. Loddigesii, Rolfe, formerly confounded with it.

48S.

reichenbachia.
Part 6 of Vol.
II.

of the second series

contains:
albino with light yellow

Zygopetalum crinitum, Lodd. p. 57, t. 7^. Cattleya Lueddemaxxiaxa alba. A beautiful

throat. p. 59,
t.

74.

Cymbidium x Wixxiaxum. A
last

beautiful hybrid from

C.
at

and C. eburneum;?, whose characters are pointed out

volume.

giganteum ? p. 22 of our

p.

61,

t.

75.


i2 4

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

f.

A charming hybrid derived Masdevallia x Courtauldiana, Rchb. from M. caudata Shuttleworthii % and M. rosea $, in the collection of N. C.
Cookson, Esq.

p. 63,

t.

76,

fig. 1.

Masdevallia x Geleniana, Rchb. f. Raised by Messrs. F. Sander and Co. from M. caudata Shuttleworthii $ and M. xanthina ,?. p. 63, t. 76,
fig. 2.

Masdevallia X Measuresiana, Rolfe. Raised in the same establishment as the preceding, from M. tovarensis $ and M. amabilis . p. 63, t. 76,

fig. 3-

XENIA ORCHIDACEjE.
The
work contains the following Trichopilia Kienastiana, Rchb. f. p. 109, t. 261. Apparently only a
last-issued
of this
:

number

form of T. suavis, Lindl.

Maxillaria longipes, Lindl. p. 109, t. 262. Ccelogyne cuprea, Wendl. and Kranzl. p. no, t. 263. Spathoglottis Wrayi, Hook. f. p. in, t. 264. Cypripedium Roebelenii, Rchb. f. p. 113, t. 265. Pholidota sesquitorta, Kranzl. p. 114, t. 266, fig. 1.

Eulophia Warburgiana, Kranzl. 115, 266, Rodriguezia Lehmanni, Rchb. 116, 267, Pleurothallis gelida, Lindl. 116, 267, Pleurothallis Kefersteiniana, Rchb. 117, Pleurothallis polyliria, Rchb. 118, 268,
p.
t.
f.

fig. 2.
fig. I.

p.

t.

p.

t.

fig. 2.
t.

f.

p.

268,

fig. 1.

f.

p.

t.

fig. 2.

Luisia Griffithii, Kranzl. p. 119,

alpina, Lindl.

t.

269, figs. 1-9.

This

is

Vanda

Saccolabium Wendlandorum, Kranzl. p. 121, t. 269, figs. 10-20. The plant known as Cleisostoma Wendlandorum, Rchb. f. Dendrobium sphegidoglossum, Rchb. f. p. 121, t. 270, fig. 1. Listrostachys Mettenle, Kranzl. p. 122, t. 270, fig. 2.

CONTINENTAL NOTES.
At
Ghent M. Jules Hye presented a series of Orchids of the first rank notably a splendid group of fifteen Odontoglossums the beautiful Phaius x Cooksoni Miltonia x Bleuana rosea, whose large white flowers were tinted with rose a dark Odontoglossum radiatum O. X cuspidatum magnificent examples of Coelogyne cristata Cypripedium X
at
; ;
; ; ;
;

the

March meeting

Rex, derived from C. Spicerianum x villosum C. x Dauthieri ; a fine white Laelia anceps, &c. M. A. Van Imschoot exhibited the beautiful
;

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

Lycaste x Imschootiana
;

and M. Kuykun a beautiful example

four flowers.

of Cypri-

pedium Chamberlainianum with

meeting of the Orchideene of Brussels was one of extraordinary brilliancy, owing to the fete in honour of MM. Jean and Lucien Linden. Among the specially remarkable things were Masdevallia x Pourbaixii from M. Pourbaix, of Mons, derived from M. Shuttleworthii % and
fiftieth

The

M. Veitchiana $ Cattleya Trianae of exceptional size and colour from M. A. Van Imschoot; a series of Odontoglossum and Dendrobium flowers from W. Thompson, Esq., including D. Phalaenopsis of great beauty Cattleya
; ;

Odontoglossum crispum, O. triumphans, and Cypripedium Mastersianum, from M. le Comte de Bousies; Odontoglossum crispum leopardinum from M. G. Warocque Cattleya Trianae and Odontoglossum crispum from M. Madoux; an admirably flowered O. gloriosum from M. Pauwells 0.
Trianae,
;
;

crispum from

Dr.

Capart

Cymbidium

Lowianum

from

M. Cahuzac,

&c, &c.

ORCHIDS AT THE
The work

ROYAL HORTICULTURAL
SOCIETY.

By John Weathers.
Orchid Committee was unusually heavy on March 13th, when a very large quantity of plants found their way to the Drill Hall,
of the

James Street, Victoria Street, Westminster. The Committee awarded one Gold and four Silver Banksian Medals, six Silver Flora Medals, seven Firstclass Certificates, seven Awards of Merit, and nine Botanical Certificates. A Silver Flora Medal was awarded to the President, Sir Trevor Lawrence, Bart., Burford,

Dorking
hybrid

(gr.

Mr.

W. H.

White), for a large group

consisting

largely

of

Dendrobiums,
Maxillaria

Cirrhopetalum
&c.

picturatum,
First-class

Bulbophyllum
Certificates

Sillemianum,
to

angustissima,

Odontoglossum x excellens chrysomelanum and Masdevallia gargantua, and a Botanical Certificate to Dendrobium Kingiwere granted

anum album. A Gold Banksian Medal was awarded to Baron Schroder, F.R.H.S., The Dell, Staines (gr. Mr. H. Ballantine), for a unique specimen of the
charming Odontoglossum crispum apiatum, the flowers
of

which were
(gr.

almost four inches across, pure white with heavy chestnut blotches. W. E. Brymer, Esq., M.P., F.R.H.S., Ilsington House, Dorchester

Mr. Powell), exhibited Dendrobium X Benita (D. aureum . x D. Falconed Segments white tinged with rose lip like that of D. x Ainsworthii or $).
;

D. x Leechianum, but much larger. Messrs. Collins and Collins, Cumberland Park Nurseries, Willesden, obtained a Silver Banksian Medal for a collection of Ccelogyne cristata, Cymbidium Lowianum, C. eburneum, and Cattleya Percivaliana.

i26

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

A
First-class
Certificate

was granted
),

to

Dendrobium x

Sibyl

(D.

shown by Norman C. Cookson, Esq., F.R.H.S, Oakwood, Wylam-on-Tyne (gr.

Mr. Murray).

Linawianum % x D. bigibbum

a brilliant purple-flowered hybrid,

The Earl

of

Cork and Orrery, Marston, Frome

(gr.

Mr.

W.

Iggulden,

F.R.H.S.), exhibited a grand deep-coloured form of Arachnanthe (Vanda) Cathcartii, to which a First-class Certificate was granted.

Messrs. Cutbush and Sons, Highgate, contributed several Dendrobium thyrsifiorum and Cypripediums.

Welbore

S.

Ellis,

Esq.,

F.R.H.S.,

Hazelbourne, Dorking

(gr.

Mr.

Masterson), exhibited Bollea Patini.

Gurney Fowler, Esq., F.R.H.S., Glebeland, Woodford (gr. Mr. J. Davis), was fortunate in obtaining two Silver Flora Medals one for a large
J.

group of Oncidiums, Dendrobiums, &c, and one

Cattleya Trianse.

for a splendid

specimen of

Some good Dendrobium x

of

Ainsworthii were exhibited by Miss Harris,

Lamberhurst, Kent.
of

M. Jules Hye Leysen, 8, Coupure, Ghent, sent two strong plants Cypripedium x Rex (C. Spicerianum magnificum % x C. villosum ), shining brown and yellow hybrid similar to C. x Lathamianum.

N. Ingram, Esq., Elstead House, Godalming (gr. Mr. T. W. Bond), came Cypripedium x Lobengula (C. x Harrisianum nigrum $ x Boxallii %), C. Chamberlainianum, and Dendrobium nobile, Ingram's
C. L.

From

Commendation was awarded to Dendrobium X splendidissimum Leeanum, exhibited by W. R. Lee, Esq., F.R.H.S., Audenshaw, Manchester (gr. Mr. J. Billington). D. x Ediths (D. nobile nobilius $ x aureum $), with creamy segments and deep velvet red lip, also came from the same collection.
Cultural

L. Lewis and Co., Chaseside, Southgate, obtained a Silver Banksian Medal for a group in which several Trichosma suavis, Cymbidium

Messrs.

W.

eburneum, Odontoglossum Cervantesii roseum, Brassavola glauca Rodriguezia fragrans, and Colax jugosa were present, as well as Bifrenaria racemosa, which received a Botanical Certificate.

Silver

Upper Clapton, E., for a collection of Miltonia and a plant of the rare Houlletia Lansbergii.
P.

Banksian Medal was also won by Messrs. Hugh

Roezli,

Low

and Co.,

Oncidium ampliatu

A specimen of Cypripedium Chamberlainianum Mc Arthur, the London Nurseries, Maida Vale.

Mr.
j.

excellens

came from Mr

McBean, Cooksbridge, Lewes,

bium
R.

exhibited a pale form of Dendro-

nobile.
I.

Measures, Esq., Cambridge Lodge, Camberwell (gr. Mr. H. Chapman, F.R.H.S.), exhibited several good things. An Award of Merit

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

was granted
Pleurothallis
to

127

Cattleya Loddigesii and to Laelia superbiens the latter

lilac

having nine rosy

flowers on the

spike and

a Botanical Certificate to

Grobyi and the minute

P. Barberiana.

Flowers of Vanda

suavis Veitchii were also shown.

F.

W.

striata,

Moore, Esq., F.R.H.S., Botanic Gardens, Glasnevin, sent Calanthe Arpophyllum giganteum, and Pleurothallis asterophora, to each of

which a Botanical Certificate was awarded. A deep-coloured Sobralia macrantha and Dendrobium Fytchianum were also shown.
Moss, Esq.,F.R.H.S.,Wintershill House, Bishops Waltham (gr. Mr. Bazeley), obtained a First-class Certificate for a small plant of the new Coelogyne Mossise, Rolfe, which had six expanded flowers, pure white with
S.

John

a crescent-shaped band of yellow on the lip. Pantia Ralli, Esq., F.R.H.S., Ashtead Park, Epsom, exhibited Miltonia
flavescens grandiflora.

Medal was given to Messrs. F. Sander and Co., St. Albans, for a collection of Dendrobium Phalaenopsis, Cymbidium Lowianum, Cypripedium Rothschildianum, and Spathoglottis aurea. In addition to these, a First-class Certificate was granted to Phaius x Marthae (P. Blumei $ x P. tuberculosus f), another of Mr. Maynard's fine hybrids, with pale buff sepals and petals and a large lip like that of the male parent in shape, densely covered with golden-brown spots, except in front, which is white and blotched with pale rose. Lycaste Skinneri Mrs. H. Ballantine received an Award of Merit, and Dendrobium Imperatrix a Botanical
Silver Flora
Certificate.

A. H. Smee, Esq., F.R.H.S.,

The Grange, Wallington

(gr.

Mr. Cumfirst

mins), exhibited Phaius Blumei and Dendrobium tetragonum, the

of

which obtained an Award of Merit, the second a Botanical

Certificate.
(gr.

Thomas

Statter, Esq., F.R.H.S.,

Stand Hall, Whitefield, Manchester

brilliant

Mr. Johnson), exhibited a large specimen each of the

purple Den-

drobium nobile nobilius and D. x splendidissimum, and obtained a Silver Flora Medal as an award for the two plants. D. X Schneiderianum, D. x Cooksoni, and Cypripedium x Davidsonianum came from the same
collection.
J.

W.

Swinburne,

Esq.,

F.R.H.S.,

Corndean

Hall,

Winchcombe,

exhibited a hybrid Cypripedium

somewhat similar to C. x oenanthum. W. Thompson, Esq., F.R.H.S., Walton Grange, Stone, Staffs, (gr. Mr. W. Stevens), exhibited a stem of Dendrobium Wardianum giganteum, about four feet long, and bearing nearly sixty large flowers on three-fourths The specimen, which received a Cultural Commendation, of its length. was from a plant which had been pruned by Mr. Stevens.
Messrs. J as. Veitch and Sons, King's Road, Chelsea, exhibited several noteworthy novelties. Dendrobium x Virginia (D. japonicum $ x D. Bensonie 2),

with creamy flowers, obtained a First-class Certificate.

D. x

i 2

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

Findlayanum % x D. nobile ), with white, crimson-tipped: flowers, and Phalaenopsis X Vesta (P. Aphrodite % x P. rosea leucaspis ), with pale rose flowers, each received an Award of Merit.
Cybele (D.

Walter C. Walker, Esq., F.R.H.S., Winchmore Hill (gr. Mr. G. Cragg),. was awarded a Silver Banksian Medal for a collection in which were Cymbidium Lowianum, Odontoglossum Cervantesii, Cypripedium Chamberlainianum, and Arpophyllum giganteum, the latter receiving an
Merit.

Award

of

H. Weetman, Esq., F.R.H.S., Little Haywood, Staffs., exhibited several fine blooms of Dendrobium nobile Cooksoni. A Silver Flora Medal was granted to Messrs. B. S. Williams and Son,

Upper Holloway, for a collection containing several Ccelogyne cristata alba, C. sparsa, Angrsecum modestum, Odontoglossums, and Trichocentrum tigrinum, the latter obtaining an Award of Merit.

CORRESPONDENCE,
suffused on the disc

&c.
fine varieties of Cattleya Triana;.

ill-shaped flower with deep buff-

yellow

lines,

almost

has very

broad

petals,

over z\ inches-

across, the front lobe of the lip intense purple- crimson,

blush

3 is rather similar in colour,

and all the rest of the flower light but has longer petals, and the purple-crimson extends
;

further along the margin of the side-lobes of the lip

is

much

like 2 in shape,

but the side-

lobes of the

lip

well expanded,

and the

lighter crimson colour extends well

;

down

into

the throat and right round the side-lobes

5 is

a deeper blush-pink with a small crimson

1

area near the apex

and 6 has the flower almost

te

lip

unusually

expanded, no trace of the deeper coloured front lobe, and only a small remnant of the yellow disc. Nos. i, 4 and 6 are extremely beautiful. L\ is a brightly-

C.

and a nearly white lip. An exceptionally fine Cypripedium Lawrenceanum comes from Mr. J. Milburn, gr. to W. Fincken, Esq., Hoyland Hall, Barnsley, with the dorsal sepal over 2| inches broad. Wm. Owen. E shire, sends a large and well-formed flower of the light
teep rose-coloured petals,

Cattleya Trianse delicata.

from O. O. Wrigley, Esq., Bridge Hall, Bury, is a richly-coloured form, with very deeply-coloured lip, and the dorsal sepal suffused with purple except at and near the margin. \V. M. A., Weston-super-Mare. Calanthe rubens, Ridl., Cypripedium X vernixium, and two forms of Dendrobium aureum. W. L., Hapton. The Phaius tuberculosus is a very good form. E. \V., Halifax. A good form of Cymbidium Lowianum. Mr. H. J. Skingley, St. Heliers, Jersey, sends a pseudobulb of Eria floribunda with seven racemes of small nearly white Bowers with a purple lip. He remarks that it is very free in growth and flower, and rather pretty. The effect is certainly very graceful. Messrs. James Veitch and Sons, Chelsea, send their charming rose-coloured Phalseat roru bens

Cypripedium Lawrenceanum

intermedia var. Vesta, described at p. 52 of our last volume. It is far more like the seed parent, P. rosea leucaspis, both in shape and colour, than any other form of P. intermedia. Dendrobium x Cybele, also enclosed, is a handsome hybrid raised by them a few years ago from D. Findlayanum and D. nobile, but most resembles the latter.

nopsis

The Amateur Orchid

Cultivator's Guide Book.
By
H. A.

BURBERRY,

F.R.H.S.

THIS

Book

contains sound pra

in

beginners

Orchid Culture
;

In Cloth, price 2 6

post-free, 2 9. or from the Author,

Can be obtained from

this

Office,

ETHEL HOUSE,

KING'S HEATH,

BIRMINGHAM;
LIVERPOOL.

BLAKE & MACKENZIE,

School

Lane,

TH^ORCHID ALBUM
Comprising Coloured Figures and Descriptions of

NEW, RARE, AND BEAUTIFUL ORCHIDACEOUS PLANTS

Conducted In- ROBERT WARNER. F.L.S.. F.R.H.S., Author ..f " S Plants;" BENJAMIN SAMUEL WILLIAMS, F.L.S.. F.R.H.S.. Orchid Growers' Manual." &c. THOMAS MOORF. F.L.S.. F. WILLIAMS, F.L.S., F.R.H.S. and WILLIAM HUGH GOWFh Ded Coloured Figures by JOHN NUGENT FITCH, F.L.S. permission to H.R.H. the Princess of Wales.
;
;

13.

S.

WILLIAMS & SON,

N.

PUBLISHED BY

VICTORIA AND PARADISE NURSERIES,

UPPER HOLLOWAY, LONDON,

TO LET.

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principal Orchid Growers throughout

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Notes Obituary Dies Orchid iarue

Novelties
...

The
i?o
...

Hybridist [continued)

...

...

151

...

1;^

Cattleya x venosa

Cypripedium X Anton Joly Cypripedium x Madame Jules Hye Burtonii Cypripedium

-

Odontoglossum Rossii var. immacu[32 latum The History of Orchid Cultivation

(Part III.)
133

Cvpripediun
(Fig. 16)

Godetrovse leucochilum
...

Cycnoches pentadactylon
ims sport
?

Orchids in the Jungle

130
139
C. pubes-

...

Hybrid Odontoglossum* Cypripedium spectabile and

Saccolabium MooTeanum var. candi-

Cvrto^ium
The Hybridist Dendrobium x Doris Dendrobium x Euryalus
Cypripedium Cypripedium x Io-Spicerianum Cattleya x Arthuriana
'

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THE ORCHID
NOTES.
The
present
in
rr

REVIEW.

onth

11

be a busy one, as

numerou s important events

follow

each other

uick su

next meeting of the Royal Horticultural Society will be held at the Drill Hall, James Street, Victoria Street, Westminster, on May 8th, when the Orchid Committee will meet at the usual hour of twelve, noon. afternoon lecture at three o'clock will be given by Sir Trevor

The

The

Lawrence,

Bart., the President of the Society, the subject being " Orchids," on which Sir Trevor is exceptionally well qualified to speak. An interesting meeting may be anticipated.

portion of the late Mr. G. Hardy's collection will be offered for sale on the premises, Pickering Lodge, Timfirst

On

the 9 th and ioth

inst.,

the

perley, Cheshire, by Messrs. Protheroe

and Morris.

The Grand Exhibition

of Orchids,

&c,

of the

Royal

Botanical and

Horticultural Society of Manchester will be opened at 2.30 p.m. on May nth, by the President of the Society, the Earl of Derby, who will also preside at the annual dinner, which will take place in the

Gardens, Old

Trafford, at 4 p.m.

The Great Annual Flower Show of the Royal Horticultural Society will be held in the Inner Temple Gardens, Thames Embankment, on May 23rd
to 25th inclusive.

Class 15 is devoted to Orchids, and, as on previous Silver Cups, Medals, and Certificates will be awarded according As already mentioned at p. 66, a Williams' Memorial Medal

3o
all

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

be offered
for

the

best

group of

Cypripedii

A Grand
and 15th,
in

Flower Show

will also be held at

Antwerp on May 13th, 14th,

connection with the Universal Exhibition.

We

have received

the Schedule of Prizes, which shows that Classes 89 to 108 are set apart for Orchids, for which numerous Medals are offered. For the best general

Gold Medal is offered by His Majesty the King, and a second prize of a Gold Medal or 200 francs. There are also prizes for smaller collections and special groups, as Dendrobium, Odontoglossum, Cypricollection, a

pedium, Cattleya,

Laslia,

and Masdevallia

for the best collection of

hardy

Orchids, the best seedling Orchid, and others.

Last month we alluded to the flowering of Eulophiella Elisabeths at St. Albans. It has how flowered with Sir Trevor Lawrence, Bart., at Burford, and was exhibited at a meeting of the Royal Horticultural Society, on April 10th, when it received a First-class Certificate, and attracted more
attention than

any other Orchid exhibited.

It is a

striking

and beautiful

The meeting
cessful one,

held on April 24th, like

its

predecessors,

was a very
x

suc-

Orchids being represented

two-flowered
spike

in

quantity.

Perhaps the most

remarkable was the

of Lselio-cattleya

Digbyano-

Mossiae sent by Baron Schroder.

The

flowers are considerably larger than

when
lip

first

exhibited,

and their delicate pink colour and beautifully fringed

are quite unique features.

OBITUARY.

We regret to have to record the death of Mr. George Hardy, which occurred
Lodge, Timperley, Cheshire, on March 26th, at the age of 62 years. For twenty years the deceased was an enthusiastic cultivator of Orchids, and in that time brought together one of the finest collections in the north of England. It contains many beautiful specimens,
as Mr. Hardy spared no expense in securing the best novelties and choicest varieties as opportunities occurred. He was one of the principal supporters
at his residence, Pickering

His name is commemorated in the magnificent natural hybrid Cattleya x Hardyana, also in C. Mossias Hardyana and C. Triana Hardyana. As in so many similar cases, the collection is to be dispersed, and the first portion will be offered for sale on the premises on May 9th and 10th next.
largely.

of the

Manchester shows, exhibiting Orchids very

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

131

DIES ORCHIDIAN^E.
We
are

now

in the

midst of the busy season.

With

the Manchester

Show

almost within sight, and the annual display at the Inner Temple Gardens close at hand, there is little time for theorising. Orchids generally are
looking extremely well, and with fine weather the success of these two

events should be assured.

in

The season
I

is

an unusually early
in full

one already,
flower in an
spell of dull
little

the third week in April,

it

have Orchis mascula

in will

ordinary border, and

is

also out in the fields so that the

weather which seems to be setting

in

be welcome to keep things a

is

check.

The Royal

Horticultural Society

making an experiment
I

in

extending the exhibition over three days, which

hope

will

be successful,

though

have heard the question put as to what will be the effect of a third day's exposure in those windy tents if the weather be cold. Perhaps the
I

fates will be favourable once more.

It

is
is
I

pleasant to see the returning prosperity of the old Society; but

there

one feature of the very interesting meetings

think a
little

at

the Drill Hall to

which
found a

difficulty in

more attention might be paid. I have frequently ascertaining to whom some particular plant belonged,
have a similar experience.
is

and
with.

find that others

At times,

too, the plants

are unduly crowded, though want of space

a matter more difficult to cope

I

Perhaps the two

evils are

not altogether unconnected, though

cannot help thinking that some better means of indicating the limits of the
various groups could be devised.

Speaking of Orchis mascula, I have often wished that more attention were paid to these hardy terrestrial Orchids. It is true that some of them
are

rather capricious, but

others succeed admirably

in flower

when planted
little

in

moist, turfy spot, and

when

they are charming

plants.

Mr. H.

Correvon, of the Jardin Alpin d'Acclimatation, Geneva,

to

now

calls attention

them

in the

pages of the Garde;:.,

s'

Chn

nicle,

and considers that they are

greatly neglected by plant lovers.

of the

He

has attempted to cultivate as

many

European species as possible at Geneva, and has only succeeded with twenty-five, a few of them being familiar British species. I find that several species grow and flower well in an ordinary border, while others
fail to
little

put in an appearance the second year.

It is

highly probable that a

delightful little
culture,

more attention to the conditions under which these plants grow naturally would lead to more success in their
this the article alluded to points the way.

and

to

Some

particulars respecting
of the Orchid Review.

them were also given at p. 246 of the last volume They are certainly deserving of more attention.

3*

THE OR CHID RE VIE W.

Some
of these

hardy terrestrial species are admirably adapted for pot culture, and one cannot help being struck with the beauty of the North

American Cypripediums when grown

spectabile are

in this

way.

C. pubescens and C.
occasionally, and they

now
for

often

met with, and

is

C.

montanum

introduce

very pleasing variety into the collection.

The

Siberian C.
its

macranthum,

some reason,

less

frequently seen, though

large

purple flowers are particularly attractive.

Several other species are also

cultivated in a few collections, and one cannot help

wishing that such

NOVELTIES.
Cattleya x vexosa,
flowered in

Rolfe. Some time ago

of Messrs.

very distinct

Cattleya
Inter-

the establishment

Linden,

L'Horticulture

nationale, Brussels, which

lip

might almost be described as

C. Harrisonise with the

of C. Forbesii,

and

is

evidently a natural hybrid between them.

The

sepals and petals are like those of the former, both in shape and colour, while the lip has the characteristic markings and verrucose disc of C.
Forbesii,

with

the shape slightly

purple.
It

modified
the

and the

front

lobe strongly

flushed

with

rosy

occupies

same intermediate

position

between the two species named that C. x Krameri occupies between C. Forbesii and C. intermedia, and the origin of that hybrid has fortunately been proved experimentally. The three species in question are all known
to occur in the

Rio

district,

and

it

grow together. It is very curious up among the importations which are continually being brought

now evident that the two former also how these natural hybrids keep turning
is

over.

Odoxtoglossum
distinct

Rossii, Lindl.,

and remarkable variety of collection of O. O. Wrigley, Esq., Bridge Hall, Bury, in which every trace of spotting has vanished from the flower, leaving the petals and lip white and the sepals pale pink. Last year it presented the

immactlatum, Rolfe.- A very Odontoglossum Rossii has appeared in the

vak.

same character,
the

showing that it is no accidental peculiarity. Mr. Wrigley states that he has only two small plants, and never met with an albino before

among

many
one'.

hundreds he has seen.

Nor do we ever remember

its

to

have seen

Although identical

peculiar colour gives it quite a different appearance from the ordinary form. So distinct and pretty a plant
will
of,

in

shape,

no

doubt be taken care

but a long time must elapse before the stock can be

multiplied to any great extent.

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

THE HISTORY OF ORCHID CULTIVATION.

{Continued from page
78.)

The

Botanical Register was founded by

first

only three Orchids appear in the

Sydenham Edwards, in 1815, but volume Epidendrum nutans (t. 17),

(t.

E. fuscatum

(t.

67),

and E. umbellatum

80), all of

which have already

figured in

been noticed.

In the following year, however, a

(t.

new genus was

It

the work, namely, Cryptarrhena lunata

153).

flowered with Messrs.

Lee and Kennedy,

It is

at

Hammersmith, having been introduced from Jamaica.

the present time.
St.

probably not

in cultivation at

Cyrtopera Woodfordii
Paul, Brazil, by Mr.

also flowered in

1816.

It

had been sent from

it

E.

J.

A. Woodford, to Mr. Anderson, Curator of the Apothecaries Company's

flowered.

garden at Chelsea, where

In 1817 Sarcanthus paniculatus flowered at Smallberry Green, in the

collection of Sir Joseph Banks,

who had
(t.

introduced

it

from China, and was

of Aerides panicufirst

figured in the Botanical Register

220) under the

name

latum.

The

event was noteworthy, as affording apparently the

instance

of basket culture of Orchids in England, for

we

read:

"The most
is

successful

mode

of treating plants of this nature in these climates has been devised by

Sir Joseph

Banks.

The method he pursues

to place

the

plants

separately in light cylindrical wicker-baskets or cages, of suitable widths, of

which the framework is of long slender twigs wreathed together at the bottom, and shallowly round the side the upper portion being left open that the plant may extend its growth in any direction through the intervals, and yet be kept steady in its station, the ends of the twigs having been tied
;

together by the twine that suspends the whole to the

woodwork

of the stove.

mould is strewed on the floor of the basket, on which the root-stock is placed, and then covered lightly over with a sufficiency of moss to shade it and preserve a due degree of moisture, water being occasionally
thin layer of

supplied."

sketch of this rather primitive Orchid basket

is

given on the

In 1S1S,
Cabinet.

Messrs.

Loddiges, of Hackney, commenced their Botanical

The first three volumes all bear this date, and include seventeen The work commences with the North American Goodyera Orchids. pubescens, and we note that in commenting on its recorded introduction by the Duke of Kent, in 1S02, they observe that it " had been known long before, as we received it above thirty years ago from our ancient and worthy friends, J. and W. Bartram." The most interesting Orchids
Haemaria discolor (figured as Goodyera discolor at t. 143), said to have been introduced from Rio, but now known to be Chinese, and Bonatea speciosa (t. 284) from the Cape of Good Hope. The North
figured are

American Habenaria lacera

(t.

229)

may

also be mentioned.

The remainder

134

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

have already been considered

dearth of novelties.

in

fact,

about this period there was a decided

In

1819 the

first

species of Cattleya and

Angrascum were recorded,

though under other names. Cattleya Loddigesii flowered with Messrs. Loddiges, and was figured in the Botanical Cabinet as Epidendrum violaceum This, however, was not its original appearance, as in 1827 it (\- 337)-

was

stated (Hooker's Exotic Flora

III.,

t.

186) that

it

was sent from

St.

Paul's, Brazil,

by Mr. Woodforde to Mr. Shepherd of the Liverpool Botanic

Garden, as long before as 18 10, that it flowered the following year and every year since, and that Mr. Shepherd believed that all the plants then
in

cultivation

were from the original piece.

Botanical Magazine
(t.

Angrsecum falcatum was

figured in

the

2097) as

Limadorum

falcatum.

It
is

flowered in the collection of the Horticultural Society in

said to have
first

May, 1819, but

been cultivated in England by Sir Abraham

Hume, who
Cypripedium

received

it

from Roxburgh.

In 1820 several very interesting novelties were recorded.

venustum, the

first

tropical species,

was
it

figured at

t.

2129 of the Botanical

Magazine, with the information that

flowered in

November with Messrs.

Whitley, Brames, and Milne, who had received it from the Calcutta Botanic Garden, whence it was brought by Captain Craigie. Vanda Roxburghii

was figured in the Botanical Register (t. 506). It flowered in the hothouse of Lady Banks, at Spring Grove, in the autumn of that year, having been
obtained from India by Sir Joseph Banks.

Oncidium flexuosum, Eulophia

maculata and Polystachya luteola also flowered with Messrs. Loddiges, and were figured in their Botanical Cabinet. The former is noted as a new and beautiful species from Brazil, bearing nearly a hundred flowers, which remained in perfection six weeks. It was grown in a compost of moss,
sawdust, and a
little

sand.

which commenced in 1821, has been termed "the pioneer of the Orchid era." Fourteen of the 41 plates are devoted to Orchids the most interesting novelties being Cattleya labiata (t. 33), Cypripedium insigne (t. 32), Lissochilus speciosus (t. 31), Oncidium barbatum (t. 27), and Catasetum Hookeri (t. 40), all of which flowered in or before
Lindley's Collectanea Botanica,
;

Cattleya labiata was sent from Brazil by Swainson to Mr. William Cattleya, of Barnet, with whom it flowered in November, 181S, and after
1821.

whom

it

was named.
it is

Cypripedium insigne also flowered

first

in

the

same

collection,

had been obtained from Mr. Shepherd, of the Liverpool Botanic Garden, who had received it from Mr. Wallich. Lissochilus speciosus flowered with Mr. Griffin, of
in
It

believed for the

time

England.

Lambeth, who received

without exception,
alive."
it

it

from the Cape.

Lindley remarked

"

We

think,

is

the finest plant of the Order

we have ever seen

Oncidium barbatum flowered at the Glasgow Botanic Garden, whence it had been received, with other fine Brazilian Orchids, from

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

Swainson.

135
in

Catasetum Hookeri
himself.

is

a Brazilian species, which flowered

in

Mr. Swainson's stove at Halesworth,

1S1S, doubtless sent or brought

home by

Mr. Cattley's collection was perhaps the leading one about this time,

and we note that it furnished the materials for three other figures in the same work Sarcanthus teretifolius (figured as Vanda teretifolia at t. 6), S. rostratus (t. 39 b), and Acampe multiflora (Vanda multiflora, t. 38). Trizeuxis falcata (t. 2) was a new genus which flowered with Mr. Griffin, Spiranthes pudica (t. 30) was of South Lambeth, received from Trinidad.
Society from China, and flowered in their introduced by the Horticultural

garden
(t.

at

Chiswick,

in July,

(Cattleya Loddigesii) we also find the record 37 of a third Cattleya, C. Forbesii, a yellow-flowered species, sent from Rio to
t.

39 a) in May, 1S24. Sir R. Woodford. Under

1821; as also did Ionopsis utricularioides This had been sent from Trinidad by the governor,

the Horticultural Society by Forbes.

In 1822 very few additions were made.

The most
it

interesting were
for the Horti;

Eulophia guineensis, collected

cultural Society, in

at Sierre

Leone, by G. Don,
flowered

whose

collection at Chiswick

Rodriguezia

secunda, sent from Trinidad by the Rev. Mr.

Adam
from

to Messrs. Loddiges,

who

flowered
;

it

Gomeza

recurva,

imported

Brazil

by Messrs.

and Macradenia lutescens, which flowered with Mr. Griffin, of South Lambeth, who had obtained it from Trinidad. as Calanthe veratrifolia, In 1823 a few other novelties were recorded
Loddiges
;

which flowered

finely in
;

Mr. Colvill's

hothouse,

at

Chelsea, producing

spikes three feet high

Eulophia

gracilis,
;

sent from Sierre

Leone by G.

Xylobium squalens, sent from Rio by Oncidium luridum, which flowered with Forbes to the same collection also Dendrobium Pierardi, Epidendrum Mr. Griffin at South Lambeth nocturnum, and Cirrhsea viridipurpurea, which flowered with Messrs.

Don

to the

Horticultural Society
;

Loddiges.
in the first

This year also saw the commencement of Hooker's Exotic Flora,

which we note the further additions of Dendrobium fimbriatum and Cymbidium lancifolium, both of which flowered at the Liverpool Botanic Garden. The most interesting additions of 1S24 were Aeranthes grandiflora, sent

volume

of

from Madagascar by Forbes to the Horticultural Society

first
;

apparently the
;

Madagascar Orchid in cultivation Brassia caudata, from the West Indies, which flowered in Mr. Lee's Hammersmith Nursery and Catasetum macrocarpum, sent from Bahia by G. Don to the Horticultural Society.

Some

notable additions were recorded in 1825.

first

In June of that year

the beautiful Disa grandiflora flowered, for the

collection of Mr. Griffin, of

time in Europe, in the

Cape of by the Governor,

South Lambeth, who had received it from the Good Hope. Oncidium Papilio, which had been sent from Trinidad
Sir

Ralph Woodford, flowered

in

Mr. Colvill's Nursery,

at

36

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

Bifrenaria Harrisoniae flowered in the collection of Mrs. Arnold

Chelsea.

Harrison, of Aigburth, near Liverpool, having been sent by her brother at

Rio.

Dendrobium aqueum, Eria

flava,

and
in

Bulbophyllum

Careyanum
Coelogyne
the

flowered with Mr. Shepherd, at the Liverpool Botanic Garden.

fimbriata, the earliest cultivated

species

the genus, flowered in

Horticultural Society's garden, at Chiswick, having been sent from China

by Mr.
at

J.

D. Parks.
and

Ornithocephalus gladiatus and Pholidota imbricata

flowered at the Glasgow Botanic Garden, Eria stellata with Mr. Cattley,

Barnet,

Oncidium

pumilum

with

the

Rev.

Mr.

Herbert,

at

Spofforth.
It
is

evident

that at this time

Orchids

were

steadily

growing

in

popularity.

The
:

following note from the sixth volume of the Transactions of

the Horticultural Society (p. 83),

published in 1826, throws further light on

curious plants as

the subject

" The Society has, by singular exertion, succeeded, in two

of.

years, in forming such a collection of this tribe

was

never seen

in

Europe

before.

It

consists of about

180 of tropical kinds."

learn that they were
or rotten wood, with
of

From

various notes here and there to be found

we

generally potted in a compost of

moss and sawdust,

some peat or vegetable earth, and sometimes an admixture sand, and that they were usually grown in stoves heated by
It
is

loam and

hot-air flues.

also certain that

many

of the tropical kinds were cultivated with

considerable success.

(To be continued.

NOTES ON ORCHIDS
By Major-General E.

IN
S.

THE JUNGLE.
Berkeley.
13.)

{Continued from page

Moulmein

is,

of all hunting-grounds, the

most

prolific in

Orchids.

Any

one visiting Kew, and going through Mr. Parish's interesting notes and drawings of the Moulmein Orchids, will at once realise this.
only worth while visiting Moulmein on account of the great number and variety of Orchids to be found in the surrounding country, but
It is not

also for the great beauty of the scenery.

On

entering the Salween River,

from the Gulf of Martaban, after passing Amherst, the traveller is at once struck, not only with the richness of the tropical vegetation on each bank of the river, but with the great beauty of the scenery which opens out as he advances. In the wide plain, through which run the various rivers which
join the Salween, are seen limestone hills, rising perpendicularly out of the
flat delta, of

most fantastic shape and these are again backed up by the range of mountains which run along the frontier, and separate Burmah
;

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

from Siam
;

137

forming a scene of beauty not readily forgotten by those who have seen it. And considering that these hills are the treasure-house from

which so many

fine

things come,

it is

well worth while for an Orchidist to

make a winter
is

trip to that

favoured spot.

What

treasures will he find

if

he

energetic and goes far enough into the interior .'not a difficult matter, as

nature has provided her

own

roads in the rivers Attaran, Ghine, Salween,

and other

tributaries.
this district is about

The rainfall during the year in The rainy season commences with

two hundred inches.

a few showers in March.

The

collector

should therefore gather in all his plants by the end of February. In April the showers are more frequent, the monsoon rains bursting in May, with
exceedingly heavy rains during the

summer months.

Of
of

all

the hundreds of varieties of Orchids that grow in the neighbourhood

Moulmein, the first to attract attention is Dendrobium formosum. The variety which grows here is that known by .the gardeners as " giganteum." Of all the Nigro-hirsute Dendrobiums this bears the largest flowers, and is the most popular.
At almost any time of the year,
in

Moulmein, but more especially during

the rains, the traveller will meet the Burmese,

bamboo on

shoulder, bearing

two baskets full of the flowers of this favourite Orchid to the Moulmein market always coming from the direction of Amherst, which is the richest locality for this plant. The flowers are cut off and brought in with a portion of the stem, and so rapid is the growth during the rains, that from the base of the cut stem two new shoots will arise which will produce flowers some months later during the same year. Dendrobiums of the Nigro-hirsute group, called by the botanists section Formosse, are not always a success in England, which is not to be wondered at, as most of the varieties grow under very varying conditions. By giving the character of the districts in which the several forms grow, and the special conditions of temperature and rainfall, it is possible that some useful hints may be gathered, which may help growers to make the cultural conditions of the various forms of this section in this country agree more nearly with those of the various localities in which they grow. To begin with this Moulmein form of D. formosum, the commonest of
;

all

the forms imported.

hills

have frequently gone out on an elephant

to the

low-lying

on the Amherst road, and gathered the plants that were within reach with very little trouble. These plants I invariably found

growing under the same conditions, generally on the branches of the trees where they got abundance of light, heat, and moisture, frequently on the extreme tops of the trees, in full flower and fully exposed to the sun. Its
rays had apparently no burning effect on them during the rains, and the
flowers were as delicate and as firm as

dashing them to pieces.

no heavy rain had had a chance of This firmness of the foliage and flowers I attribute
if

38

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

which they grow, so that the great caused by the heavy rain dries up quickly.
true that during the dry months, January, February, and March, the plants get much dried by exposure to the hot sun, and often lose their
It is

to the very airy position in

leaves, especially on the old stems, but the

new growths continue

to develop,

ished by the night dews, which in the neighbourhood of the sea are very

season of rest this Orchid

<

ery short,

January and February, and hence the difficulty we find in dealing with it in our glass-houses in England. It must also be remembered that this plant grows throughout the year, not only in a very hot atmosphere, but in a bright
clear air, invariably charged with moisture.

Dendrobium formosum
to

is

widely distributed from the Khasia Hills

down

principally at Amherst, and along the coast between that place and Tavoy, that the variety grandiflorum is found.
it is

Tavoy, but

Although the flowers of the Moulmein variety, the one that now invariably comes home, are larger than those of any other variety, they are not so perfect in shape as some of the more northern forms, which have smaller

For perfection of form, however, the variety found

in the

Andamans

is

much

the best.

This plant, sent home by

late Prof.
I

me

for the first

time about 1881,

was described by the

variety

Reichenbach

in the Gardeners' Chronicle as

Berkeleyi.

first

found this

fine variety in

great

abundance

at

Casuanna Bay, South Andaman.

The shape

of the flower is

more

like

that of D. infundibulum, the sepals and petals being in a perfect whorl and not with lax petals, as in the common Moulmein plant. This perfection of form adds great beauty to the plant, which is also distinguished by the exceedingly rich colour in the throat, at the base of the lip, which varies from rich orange to the brightest red. This variety is widely distributed

throughout the group of islands composing the Andamans, and appears to like the sea air, as I have frequently found it growing on mangrove trees on the sea coast, unapproachable at high tide. Growing with Dendrobium formosum in the neighbourhood of Moulmein, I also found, on several occasions, D. revolutum, another of the Nigromrsute group. This plant is rather like D. formosum in habit, but the intei nodes of the stem are much shorter and more swollen, and the flowers light buff and very flat. Growing on the same trees as D. formosum this plant requires similar treatment. It is worth growing, as it is extremely distinct. This plant is also reported as growing in the Straits Settlements, but Mr. Ridley informs me that this is a mistake. It is not included in the
list

Moulmein Dendrobiums in Veitch's Manual, but I never found growing anywhere else but in the neighbourhood of Moulmein
of

it

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

139

HYBRID ODONTOGLOSSUMS.
{Continued from
vol.
i.

page

334.)

hybrids from the Bogota district, and we now jr last paper concluded the about Ocafia, one of the great Odontoglossum me to those from the region

Here grow together with 0. luteopurpureum, O. blandum, and O. crocidipterum, )riosum, and O. Lindleyanum, which are found also around Bogota. the hybrids which are certainly known The following diagram indicates however, to emphasise the fact that O. x im this district. It serves,
itres.

(Pescatorei), 0. triumphans, 0. tripudians, O. nobile

)rioso-luteopurpureum

and

O. X Lindleyano-luteopurpureum

may

also

O. luteopurpureum
O. Lindleyanum

...
x6
x
7

O.gloriosum

....

O. tripudians

Besides these there are at least two others, which are believed to have come from this region, whose parentage remains doubtful, and these will be
considered in their turn.

Odontoglossum nobile, Rchb. f., or O. Pescatorei, as it is usually called though the former name has priority by four years, Reichenbach having originally described it in 1849, from dried specimens collected by Funck and Schlim two years previously is a native of the north-west branches of the Eastern Cordillera, of New Granada, in the neighbourhood of Ocafia, from about 6,000 to 9,000 feet elevation, and is said to be spread over an area of about ninety square miles. Other species have been found growing upon

the same trees with

it

for

example, 0. triumphans, O. Lindleyanum, O.

luteopurpureum, O. crocidipterum, and O. tripudians, and with the three

former, at least,
O. x
it

readily hybridises, as

we

shall

now

see.

luteopurpureo-nobile. This hybrid

seems
to be very rare,
It
is

originally appeared in 1S80,

less

but

still

and consequently

polymorphic than

those previously considered.

quite intermediate

between the two

I

parent species, both in shape and colour.

The

four following plants all

appear

to

be forms of this hybrid, the second and third, however,

description.

only

know from

Odontoglossum x Horsmanii was collected at Ocafia by Mr. Fred Horsman, for the New Plant and Bulb Company, Colchester, and flowered 1880. Reichenbach, in describing it, remarked, " There can be scarcely in doubt left that the present plant is a mule between 0. Pescatorei and a

Mo
luteopurpureum."
It

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

was compared with

a middle-sized O. Pescatorei, the colour of the flowers being light whitish sulphur, blotched with cinnamon.

The toothed
the
lip,

petals and column-wings, together with the shape and crest of all show characters derived from O. luteopurpureum. The plant

exhibited at a meeting of the Royal Horticultural Society on April 22nd, 1890, by H. M. Pollett, Esq., under the name of 0. sceptrum album, "is a

form of O. x Horsmanii.
0. x lyroglossum was described in 1882, from an source, as " apparently a natural hybrid between O.

unknown English

nobile (Pescatorei) and

O. luteopurpureum," and the description and figure subsequently published leave no room for doubt on the matter. It afterwards appeared with Dr. Wallace and others.
the establishment of Messrs. James Veitch and Sons, of Chelsea, in 18S2. Reichenbach remarked, It is quite like O. x Horsmanii, but has not the lamella? on the lip which are found in O. Pescatorei." The flowers are light yellow, with a few cinnamon
in

O. x brachypterum

appeared

Reichenbach thought 0. Lindleyanum might be one parent, but the broad segments, the shape and crest of the lip, and toothed columnwings all indicate rather O. luteopurpureum. O. x Kalbreyeri is mentioned at the same time, but I cannot find that it has ever been described, and nothing more seems to be known about it. O. x ferrugineum appeared in the collection of Mr. E. Harvey, of Aigburth, Liverpool, in 1883. The sepals and petals are described as dark cinnamon, with yellow tips, the petals toothed, and the front of the lip dilatate, fimbriate, and whitish yellow, with a brown spot on the disc. O. luteopurpureum was clearly one parent, while the crest of the lip and column-wings suggest O. Pescatorei as the other. This, too, seems to have
been lost sight
of.

blotches.

O. x majesticum appeared in the collection of M. Charles Vuylsteke, of Loochristi, Ghent, in 1891, and received a Certificate of Merit at the Ghent meeting in June. It is a very fine variety of O. x Horsmanii. The following are the references to the forms of this hybrid :
Odontoglossum
Orch.,i. V 74; A\
.

X
r[-

Horsmanii, Rchb. f. in Card. Chron., 1880, in Gard. Chron 1S90 p -47

X
vol.T
O.

RChb
"re
'

f
'

6^Sth

"
f.

fi

^^
i

i.

'

Veitch

Man
*
',

*'

"4

''

^^
p.

*'

*******,
Man
'

O. f. in O. sceptrum album, Gard. Chron., 1890, O. X majesticum. Card. Chron.. 1891, i.

X brachypterum, Rchb. x ferrugineum, Rchb.

in

Card. Chron., 1882, Gard.

i.

ii.

553; Veitch

Orch
'

p 7 P 72
'

p.

526

p. 790.

1887 in the establishment of Messrs. F. Sander and Co., of St. Albans, and subsequently in other collections. It has many of the characters of O. Lindleyanum, but in the shape of the lip it approaches nearer to the

m
_

Odontoglossum LiNDLEYANO-NOBiLE.-This hybrid

originally appeared

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

other parent, while the colour
is

141

about intermediate.

Two

forms of this

hybrid have been described.

O. x stauroides appeared in the establishment of Messrs. F. Sander and

Co., of St. Albans,

and was mentioned by Reichenbach

parentage.
as

in a note,

without

any indication of
in the

its

Shortly afterwards another form flowered

same establishment, and was described

still

0. x stauroides var.
I

Gravesianum,

without any indication of

its

parentage.

have seen

it

on several occasions and have no doubt it belongs here. O. x elegantius appeared with Messrs. Hugh Low and Co., of Clapton, in 18S8, and Mr. Hugh Low immediately recognised it as a natural hybrid between O. Pescatorei and O. Lindleyanum, as Reichenbach informs us. It
is

like the

preceding in shape, the colour of the flowers being sulphur-yellow,

with a few brown blotches.

The
O.

following are the references to this hybrid

stauroides,

:
(in

x
X

Rchb.

f.

in

Gard. Ckron., 1887,

Ganf. Citron.. iSSS,

i.

p.

200
200.

note); Var. Gravesianum,

O.

elegantius, Rchb.

f.

in

i.

p.

paper "

On

the Poisonous Influence of Cypripedium spectabile and C.

I.

pubescens," by D. T. MacDougal, appears in Part

Studies.

of Minnesota Botanical

In consequence of various unconfirmed reports that these two

species were poisonous, the author determined to put the matter to the test.

On September
bile,

7th last he met with several well-grown plants of C. spectaoff a

with newly formed seed-pods, and breaking

robust specimen, the

leaves were brushed lightly across the bared

left

arm.

slight tingling

sensation

was

felt at

the time, and fourteen hours later the

tips,

arm was

greatly

swollen from the shoulder to the finger

and violently inflamed.

Ten

days of the most approved treatment were required to reduce it to its normal size, and the effects were perceptible a month later. The author observes that the severity of the test has prevented its repetition, and that he would have been satisfied of the poisonous influence of the plant with a

two forms of hairs were present in great abundance one being pointed and easily broken off, the other gland-tipped, and both are infested with a filamentous fungus, though to what the poisonous effects are due is not precisely known. It is, however, suggested that these and other species of the genus are protected in a way that renders them unpleasant to grazing animals and it
result.
it

much

less

pronounced

On examination

was found

that

has been repeatedly noticed that large numbers of these plants growing in woodland pastures have been found intact, while the surrounding herbage

i42

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

Attention

would be very closely cropped.

was

called to the subject

by

the circumstance that several persons had experienced unpleasant effects,

analogous to that produced by Rhus poisoning, after gathering the plants.

The author suspects

that

many

persons might handle them without danger,

but suggests that susceptible persons should proceed with some care, though
the circumstance should not detract in the least from the use of these plants " The subject," concludes the for ornamental or decorative purposes.
article,

" derives additional interest at this place the University of Minnesotasince the two species are widely distributed in the State, and the
(the

Cypripedium pubescens

Mocassin flower) has been formally adopted as

the 'State flower' of Minnesota."

THE HYBRIDI ST.

Dendrobium x Doris.
This
is

a chaste and very pretty hybrid, raised in the collection of

Norman

Oakwood, Wylam-on-Tyne, from D. x Leechianum % and D. moniliforme (japonicum) . It bears much resemblance to D. x Cassiope in shape, but the sepals are longer, over one and a half inch long, and the lip has a light green disc with some light purple lines and a slight suffusion of the same colour on it. The rest of the flower is white. The difference between the two is easily accounted for, as D. x Leechianum replaces
D. nobile as one parent, and thus one-fourth of D. aureum blood replaces the same amount of D. nobile. The influence of D. aureum is seen in the shape of the lip and the markings of the disc. It is a very promising thing,

C. Cookson, Esq.,

and

is

likely to

prove very floriferous.

Mr. Cookson already considers

it

an

improvement on D. x Cassiope.

Dendrobium x Euryalus.
This
is

handsome
$, for

hybrid, derived from

Dendrobium x Ainsworthii %

and D. nobile

which Messrs. James Veitch and Sons received a First-class Certificate on March 27th last. And as D. x Ainsworthii is itself derived from D. aureum ? and D. nobile $, it is seen that the new hybrid
has three-fourths blood of D. nobile in
it.

Under these circumstances

it

is

not surprising that the characters of this parent should largely preponderate. A raceme just received bears four large flowers with the general shape of D. nobile. The sepals and petals are light rosy purple the latter being an
;

inch broad, and the lips one and a quarter inch broad the large-feathered maroon blotch extending to within a line of the margin on the sides and
;

within five lines at the

a very

tip,

this character of the lip

the remainder being light rosy purple. It is in that it most differs from D. nobile. It is certainly

handsome

thing.

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

143

This

is

a very fine hybrid,

now

in the collection of F.
is

Wigan, Esq., Clare

Lawn, East Sheen, whose parentage

from appearances,
C. Ashburtonise.
it

somewhat

doubtful, though, judging

may have

been derived from C. x Harrisianum and

at Messrs. Protheroe

It

was purchased

and Morris's Sale

Rooms without any account

of its origin.

The

leaves are

much

like

those

of a very large C. barbatum, but six-tenths of an inch long by one and

a quarter to two inches broad, and the scape stout a foot high and twoflowered. The flowers are five and three-quarter inches in diameter across

the spreading petals.

The

dorsal sepal

is

ovate,

somewhat

twisted, two and

three-quarter inches broad, light green, regularly nerved

and reticulated

few similar spots near the base, and a narrow with dull purple-brown and a
seven-eighths of an inch broad, shining white margin. The petals are darker spots on the basal half, some being purple-brown, with numerous

deep purple-brown, two and one-eighth three-quarters of an inch broad, with of a inch long and the staminode rounded teeth at the apex. It is a robust grower, and a decidedly handsome

much

smaller than others.

;

The

lip is

hybrid.

It

flowered late last autumn.

Cypripedium X Io-Spiceriaxum.

pretty hybrid raised in the collection of

W.

Vanner, Esq., Camden

Wood, Chislehurst

from Cypripedium x Io grande (gr. Mr. crossed with the pollen of C. Spicerianum, in shape about intermediate between the parents. The basal part of the dorsal sepal is light green,
Robbins),

the upper part white, and a narrow purple band extends along the central nerve. many small dusky spots near the The petals are light green, with
base, but the large spots of the mother plant have quite vanished.
is

about intermediate in shape and colour. The staminode is the mother plant in shape, but suffused with purple as in C. Spicerianum.
It

The lip much like

last,

Westminster, on December 12th was exhibited at the Drill Hall,

together with the two parents.

Cattleya x Arthuriaxa.
This
is

apparently the

first

hybrid from Cattleya luteola.

It

was

raised

Lawrie Park, Sydenham, about ten in the collection of C. Dorman, Esq., (now Orchid grower to Sir Trevor years ago, by Mr. W. H. White
Lawrence,
Bart.).

C.

Dormaniana was

the

seed parent.

The

plant

is

two and a half inches in about intermediate in habit, and the flower the front lobe and tips of the diameter. The sepals and petals are yellow,
amethyst-purple, and the rest of the side lobes Arthur Dorman. O'Brien after Mr. Dorman's son, the Rev.
lip

white.

It

is

named
Gard.

in

Chron., Jan. 27th, p. 102.

U4

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

Cypripedium x Pelias.

vigorous-growing hybrid derived from Cypripedium Haynaldianum ? and C. insigne . The scapes bear from one to three flowers, which are
intermediate, both in shape and colour, between those of the two parents. The dorsal sepal is broader and more spotted than in C. Haynaldianum,

the petals shorter and richer in colour, and the lip chestnut-brown, while the staminode is pale green with a darker raised disc. It flowered in the
collection of H. Graves,

Esq, Orange, N.J,

in

February, 1894. Robert M.

Grey.

Cypripedium x Anton Joly.

Baron N. von Rothschild, Hohe Warte, Vienna, by M. Anton Joly, from C. X vernixium $ and Spicerianum ?. It is most like the former, but improved by the very

beautiful hybrid raised in the collection of

characteristic upper sepal of the

17th, p. 198.

latter. Kranzlin in

Gard. Chron., Feb.

Cypripedium x Madame Jules Hye.

noble and beautiful hybrid raised by M. Jules Hye-Leysen, of Coupure, Ghent, from C. Spicerianum superbum ? and C. tonsum Thus it would $.

appear to be variety of C. x Celia (supra, Chron., Feb. 17th, p. 198.

i.

pp. 327,

328). O'Brien

in

Gard.

Cypripedium x Burtonii.

A handsome and
Burton,

Esq,

of

richly coloured hybrid raised in the collection of F. M. Highfield, Gainsborough. Its parentage is doubtful,

though Cypripedium Lowii and C. Hookers are suggested as probable.' The flower is something like C. X macropterum in shape, but the colours brighter. Gower in Orchid Album, sub. t. 481.

Cattleya x Wendlandiana.
James Veitch and Sons, of Chelsea, from Cattleya Bowringiana? and C. Warscewicsii J, whose character it combines in a very charming way. The flowers are' a great improvement of those of the mother plant, to which they bear much resemblance, but the lip is much more expanded, and bears a pair of yellow
Notches
in the throat, as in the pollen
is

This

is

a beautiful hybrid raised by Messrs.

parent.

The

of the

two parents

brilliant rosy purple

the

first

and very flonterous, and the hybrid It is a very promising plant, and Hernnghausen.

naturally reproduced in the hybrid, which flowered for time ,n the autumn of 1S90. C. Bowringiana is both free growing
is is

likely to

show the same character. dedicated to Herr Wendland, of

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

CYPRIPEDIUM GODEFROY^ LEUCOCHILUM.

The
beautiful plant

which we have now the pleasure

the

of figuring flowered in

the collection of O. O. Wrigley, Esq., Bridge Hall, Bury, Lancashire, in

January

last,

when
was

photograph here reproduced was taken, which

represents the plant slightly under two-thirds natural size.

interesting note
also

The

following

of

communicated by Mr. Wrigley : " I have now in flower a very fine bloom of the above-named Cypripedium, which a description may interest your readers. The bloom measures

three inches from tip to tip of the petals, and two and a quarter inches from the apex of the dorsal sepal to the lowest part of the pouch.

The

greatest

width of the petals

is

one and three-eighth inches, and the dorsal sepal

its

measures one and a half inches across

widest part.

All these measure-

Fig. 16.

CVPRIPEDIUM

ments have been carefully taken with a compass, and were verified by my gardener. The colouring of the flower is beautiful, and its markings distinct, the dorsal sepal

being white, heavily blotched with dark purple, the

lip

petals similar, with smaller purple spots, while the

bears out

its

name by
reflexed,

being pure white, without a single spot.

The

petals are

somewhat

but the dorsal sepal is incurved at the apex. " This plant was purchased, as an imported piece, at one of Messrs.

Protheroe and Morris's Auction Sales, in August, 1892, so that

established,

it

has been

and bloomed
is

in

seventeen months from the date of importation.

first

Considering that this

that,

the

bloom on an imported

piece,

it is

possible

when

the plant grows strong, the flower

may

be

still

larger.

46

THE OUCHID REVIEW,

"
I

may remark
and

this section,

am successfully cultivating all the Cypripedia of attribute my success entirely to careful watering, and
that
I I

proper attention to atmospheric surroundings.

possess upwards of one

in size.

hundred plants,
pot

all

of

which are healthy and increasing

All

my

plants are potted with limestone, in place of crocks, with which stone the
is

completely

filled,

so that the roots can run about as on their native of fibrous

rocks.

The merest atom

loam
in

is

wedged between the stones on

the top of the pot, in order to keep

them

firm

when

the plant

is

dipped.

which they are growing is, maximum by day, 65 Fahr., and minimum by night, 6o, by pipe heat. In summer we allow a rise of 5 with pipe heat, and higher still through the

The winter temperature

of the

house

influence of the sun."

The

plant

is

certainly the picture of health, but

share of the success attained to the use of the

we should attribute a fair Some people, we limestone.

it

know, say that the addition of limestone is unnecessary, but borne in mind that lime is sometimes present in the loam used.
seen them growing under both conditions, the result being
of the use of limestone.
It is

must be

We
in

have

much

favour

not likely that they would grow so persistently

it

upon limestone rocks

in

a wild state were

not beneficial to them.

And

while upon the subject

we would suggest
little

to our readers the advisability of

trying the effect of adding a

limestone to the compost of the Bornean

Cypripedium Sanderianum.
that
it

Few

people succeed with

is

grows

in a district

where limestone

found.

and we believe Whether it grows

it,

actually upon limestone

and, in any case,

last

little

we are not sure, but the experiment harm could result. We may add, in
It is

is

worth trying,

conclusion, that

year

we

received a fine flower of C. Godefroyse leucochilum from R. H.

Measures, Esq.,

The Woodlands, Streatham.

certainly a very

charming

CYCNOCHES PENTADACTYLON.
an interesting note to the Journal des Orchidees (iv., p. 378) respecting this plant, which was figured in our It is a native of the Upper Amazon, and is last volume (p. 73, fig. 4). abundant round Teffe, though rarely of large size. A giant form, however,
of Para, contributes

Mr. E. S. Rand,

occurs at the upper part of the River Purus, whose pseudobulbs reach a
height of three feet, whose racemes are two feet long, and bear from one

hundred

two hundred flowers all of them males. They are generally borne near the apex of the pseudobulb, and the females near the base very rarely the two occur on the same inflorescence. The proportion of male to
to
;

female flowers

enormous, being several thousands to one. Only two or rarely three flowers are borne on the female racemes. The flowers are very
is

fragrant, having a strong vanilla-like perfume.

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

147

DO CYPRIPEDIUMS SPORT?
At page 20 of our January issue we gave some particulars about Cvpripedium x Dauthieri and its remarkable sports among them the one
;

known as C. x Dauthieri, The Albino, in the collection of R. H. Measures, Esq., The Woodlands, Streatham. Shortly afterwards Mr. Measures sent a flower, which was practically identical with that called C. x Dauthieri var. Poggio Gherardo the flower a peculiar light green with a little bronzy suffusion on the petals. And now the same gentleman sends a very different flower from the same plant, and still further illustrates its : " You will recollect my sendsportive character. Mr. Measures writes Well, the ing you a flower of Cypripedium X Dauthieri, The Albino.
growth which bore that flower was divided from the plant and grown on simply by itself, and it now has two other growths which have sprung from one bearing the flower now sent." This is the form, irregularly striped it, splashed with purple on the dorsal sepal, petals, and lip, to which the and Rossianum was given by Reichenbach. Even the staminode bears name of

Thus it differs from the one in splashes of purple. a few small streaks and collection of Mr. Ross in not being constant in its mode of flowering. the phenomenon, and so far as known, unique in the It is a most remarkable
from a partial re-separation of the mixed genus. The peculiarity species, coupled with a tendency to reversion to a more blood of the parent condition, for the group to which C. barbatum belongs is ancestral undoubtedly more highly specialised than that which contains C. villosum. be said, though how far one would have to trace them back This much may

may

arise

before reaching their

common

ancestor, and

what

it

would be

like,

are

matters of speculation.
this plant lends
it

The element
are.

of uncertainty as to the behaviour of

an additional interest, as cultivators

may

literally be said

not to

know where they

SACCOLABIUM MOOREANUM

VAR. CANDIDULUM.

was introduced a short time ago by Mes Saccolabium Mooreanum It was reported fron of St. Albans. Sander and Co., have come from Sumatra. It is characterised by Lid to though n small rosy flowers, whose segments are tipped with racemes of
green
:

distributed into several collections. has been

It is

interesting

has now appeared among importations ol the that a white variety to note the species, the rose colour being It is simply an albino of same firm. the typical form in every other respect. white, as it agrees with replaced by
It is

probably rare.

48

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

CYRTOPODIUM VIRESCENS.
Cyrtopodium are pretty well known in gardens, namely, C. punctatum (Saintlegerianum) and C. Andersonianum (cardiochilum),' besides which a new species, C. Alicias, has recently appeared. Several
species of

Two

known from dried specimens and drawings, and one of them, a native of Brazil, has now been imported by Messrs. F. Sander and Co., of St. Albans, with whom it has recently flowered. The flowers are rather
others are

smaller than those of the two species first named, and the plant considerably dwarfer. The sepals and petals are greenish yellow, spotted with redbrighter in colour, with purple side-lobes. It was originally discovered in the neighbourhood of Lagoa Santa, and flowers during the aut umn.
lip
little
in

brown, and the

Kjobenh. Vide, isk. Maidcl, 1S84-86, p.

STm^

CALENDAR OF OPERATIONS FOR MAY.

By H. A. Burberry, Highbury, Moor Green, Birmingham.

This will be a busy month. All species of Orchids are and must be assisted by all possible means, making the the following three months to complete the building up
bulbs.

growth,

of strong pseudo"

Constant attention

is

necessary, or the plants

may

receive a check

which they

may

not be able to recover from for

Cool-house Orchids are easily injured by heat, possible. Should th.

some time. and must now be kept

very dry,

best to use the top ventilation with discretion during the heat of the day, but taking care to use them freely during the night. The

temperature must be kept down in the daytime by heavily shading, removing the same when the sun has lost its power in the evening, and by a frequent use of
the
hose-pipe, thoroughly

damping down every

available space.

Lattice-work

blinds raised a few inches from the glass has the advantage of keeping the house much cooler than "stuff" blinds. No plant in this department

from drought, but should not be kept in a sodden condition. A slight spraying overhead may be given with advantage after a day's warm sun, but soft water must be used.
suffer

must

Cattleyas and Lalias are frequently denied sufficient heat during the growing season. It is then that these species delight in a liberal treatment, and an abundance of given tne atmosphere, and the plants themselves well watered. necessary shade many of them from the scorching rays of the sun, as stated

am

of the opinion that

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

previous Calendars, though as

49

much

light should be given

if

them as

possible.

Sun heat

is

very beneficial at this period

well tempered with free and

unstinted ventilation.

The

blinds should be

drawn up

early in the after-

noon, the house thoroughly

damped down,
some
air

the plants slightly sprayed overto the weather.

head with
If mild,
it

soft water,
is

and the ventilation reduced according

on
all

best to leave

night, as cool nights and hot

days

is

the natural order in their native habitats.

For the warm houses a little fire heat will still be required during the night, and perhaps also by day and should the weather be cold and unseasonable, a little may also be used with advantage in the intermediate
;

houses.
their

Keep
it

a sharp look out for thrips and other insect pests, preventing

increase

by timely fumigation.

When

using insecticide beware of

having

too strong, and on no account should any be allowed to lodge in

it is

the young tender growths, as

sary, as a dusting of tobacco

extremely dangerous, and quite unneces-

powder is safe to use and very effectual in dislodging thrips from such places where smoke cannot reach them. Heat and moisture are quite indispensable for Dendrobiums and other
East Indian Orchids.
necessary work in the

The former should now be in active growth, and all way of repotting or top dressing finished. Ours,
light

except where the plants are too large, are suspended near to the roof glass,

where they receive the greatest amount of

air.

and a

free circulation of

As a general

rule

find

it

safest not to syringe these Orchids, for

where many different and choice species are growing together it is quite easy to have misfortunes, by the rotting of young growths, or the sudden
termination of the

new

pseudobulb, caused by the water lodging in them.

kept too moist
It
is
if

The atmosphere, however, cannot be

ventilators

the shading and

are

properly manipulated.

a genuine

pleasure

to

the

cultivator to see his plants nicely arranged in their growing quarters,

and

looking healthy and

comfortable

in

warm,

moist,

and well-balanced

temperature.

Many

species of Orchids luxuriate under exactly the

if

same conditions as

enough may be placed with them. I mean such species as delight in heat if coupled with light and air, the last-named conditions being quite as essential as the first. Amongst these
Dendrobiums, and
the house
is

large

are the deciduous Calanthes, the Cattleyas

named

in

the last Calendar,

Coryanthes, Cyrtopodiums, Chysis, and Spathoglottis, also Catasetums,

Mormodes, and Cycnoches, which should be placed in a light airy position. Vanda teres should be grown in full sunlight, if possible, and kept well While on the stages or in some shady syringed, also Vanda Hookeriana. place, should such exist, will grow the usual class of East Indian Orchids,
such as Phalaenopses, Saccolabiums, Aerides, Cypripediums, also Angraecums, Pescatoreas, Bolleas, and others.

Some

the Oncidiums also grow well in heat, as O. carthaginense, O. of

iSo

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

Kramerianum, and 0.
I

Cavendishianum, 0. Lanceanum, 0. Papilio, 0.

this
like
is

splendidum, and this should be suspended in a very light position.

think

may apply

generally to Oncidiums having thick fleshy leaves, as they

plenty of light, and in

its

many

cases actual sunlight.

Oncidium Jonesianum
first

remarkable for

very rapid deterioration.

The

few importations
believe that heat

vanished almost as quickly as they appeared, and the secret of successful

cultivation has
still

to be learnt.

From my

experience

and strong

light are necessary during growth, the plant afterwards being

rested in a dry intermediate temperature.

compost should be applied to its roots each year, or if grown on a block, which seems to be most natural, as it always grows downwards,
live

New

like

Cattleya citrina,

it

should be transferred to a

new green

block each year.

Most of the Oncidiums, however, like the coolest house, and delight in the same treatment as Odontoglossums and among the cool-growing Oncidiums may be mentioned the following, all of which are well worth growing :
;

O. concolor, 0. curtum, O. Forbesii, O. crispum, O. cucullatum, O. dasytyle, O. Garden, O. Marshailianum, 0. varicosum, and O. cheirophorum. All
these should be grown in small pans or baskets and suspended from the roof.

The last-named
for the winter.

species succeeds best

if

removed

to the intermediate

house

O. tigrinum, O. macranthum, and 0. superbiens are best

grown

in

pots on the stages.

O. ornithorrhynchum, O. unguiculatum, O.
in the cool

incurvum, and O. Leopoldi grow well

are best
to

house in the summer, but

removed

to a

warmer house

for the winter,

and

this

remark applies

most of the intermediate growing Oncidiums and Odontoglossums. Odontoglossum Cervantesii is a charming little Orchid when grown in small hanging pans, and, like O. Rossii, must be placed at the coolest end
of the house.

In fact, most of the Odontoglossums are very cool-growing

Orchids

but there are exceptions, some few of

them requiring intermediate

This
latter is

temperature, as O.

Harryanum and
it

O. cirrhosum.

one of

the most handsome, but

also requires

is

not one of the easiest to grow.

to
it

O. OZrstedii

some warmth
O.

Schleiperianum,

grow Williamsianum,
left

well, as

do O. Reichenheimii, O.
O.
Insleayi,

O.

grande,

and

0.
the

citrosmum, which are best

in

the intermediate house.

close to

O. Londes-

boroughianum should be given a position Mexican house where it gets full sunshine. \\ hen writing of Miltonias, I omitted
pretty
species,

a ventilator in

to

mention that exceedingly

M. Phalaenopsis, which is now in bloom. It should be grown in pans or baskets and suspended in the intermediate house during summer. I have grown it well in the cool house, but advise a little

warmer treatment.
warmest
part
satisfactorily,

In the winter

it

should occupy a position in the

it

of the

intermediate house, otherwise

foliage will

will

not

bloom

and the

become

spotted.
if

Trichopilias are interesting Orchids, but

treated too cold do not

grow

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

well,

5 i

and are subject

to a disease in the form of black

light,

marks

in the leaves

and pseudobulbs. They like a well-ventilated, such as that of the Cattleya house.

and airy

situation,

Cypripediums are now growing apace, and where the compost and roots are in healthy condition will delight in an abundance of water. Orchids always grow well when the water passes away freely through the
drainage.
If this is not the case,

something
is

is

wrong, and beware then of

little

Cypripedium Schlimii
:imes diffic
.

an exquisite
is

beauty, though
its

position

found that suits

requn

should be placed in a light and airy part of the cool house during summer, but be removed to a similar position in the intermediate
It

ments.

house
C.

for the winter, taking care that

actual sunshine does not strike

it.

spectabile

plunged in

and other hardy species, when grown in pots, should be a bed of leaves in the open air, and kept well watered during

the summer.

Sandy peat should be used.

Lycaste Deppei and L. aromatica, if the plants have been rested in a light and dry position, will be pushing forth numerous flower buds from around the base of the new growth. These species do not require frequent
disturbance at the roots, but
stage, for, like Anguloas,
if

when they
until

require

it

are best repotted at this

left

blooming

is

over the

new growth, then

pass seen

far advanced, is greatly checked.

Cymbidiums should be
out of bloom.

repotted,

if

they require

An

intermediate temperature suits

when the plants them best. I have

it,

equally good results

when

the plants were grown in

all

lumpy

peat, not

necessarily very fibrous, as

when grown

in all fibrous

loam.

mixture of

these two materials, with coarse sand and broken nodules of charcoal to

keep the whole open,

is

a good and safe compost to use.

As they make a

large quantity of fleshy roots, the pots should not be too small, and should

only be about a quarter

filled

with drainage.
plant,

an ordinary stove or greenhouse

soaking

They should be watered like by simply giving them a good

be pushed

when they become

repotting of

dry.

The

Cattleyas and other Orchids must

of flower.

on

briskly as they

come out
up

Cattleya labiata, C. Harrisonias, and

the Cattleya guttata varieties should

fibrous peat, broken
of fresh
into

now

receive attention.

Pot in good

sphagnum moss.

lumpy pieces and mixed with the same quantity The pots should be drained about half full with
is

crocks and charcoal, press the compost moderately firm, and place the
leading pseudobulbs so that the rim of the pot
not reached for two years,
leaving the surface of the compost slightly raised above the rim.
to repotting, all the old

Previous
it

compost and crocks must be carefully removed,

for a

being exceedingly bad practice to insert the old pot or basket within a
one.

new

Keep the plants shaded and moist

few weeks, but be careful

in.

not to supply large quantities of water until renewed activity has set

52

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

Seedlings should be pricked
off,

or potted on, without further delay, in

order that they

ripe

may have

a long season of growth.

When

a pod of seed

is

which can be known by its beginning to split, the contents should be shaken on the surface of an Orchid having had new material recently given. Seeds germinate and grow much more freely when sown on pans or baskets which are suspended. With the exception of Cypripediums, they rarely come up if sown on pots on the side stages,
enough
for sowing,

unless near the glass.

The

question whether manure

I

is

good

for

Orchids

is

one which frequently

occurs to amateurs.

Orchids are easily

would advise them to be cautious, remembering that A favourite ruined, though perhaps difficult to kill.
all

maxim
difficult

of

one of the most successful Orchid growers the present generation

plants to keep, but the most

has seen was, "Orchids are the easiest of

to

grow," though he succeeded

in

growing most species well

can

enough, having then the best grown collection of Orchids in England, and
to his practice

and writings much

of the present successful cultivation

But manure was not much J. used by him. An abundant supply of fresh water and the admission of pure air were his chief stimulants. But it is a well-known fact that a few species are benefited by the use of stimulants, such as those mentioned in
be traced.
I

allude to the late Mr.

C. Spyers.

the last Calendar, though, as a general rule,

think
I

do not advise
to

its

use.

have noticed that some species of Dendrobium are

some extent

assisted

by manure

for the first

year of

its

application, but the following

year a collapse has taken place, and no manure in the world would restore
that plant to a healthy state again.

A
to

few degrees increase in temperature

may

be allowed, in

all

the houses,

the figures given last month, in accordance with the increase in the

outside conditions.

number), also

for

Keep a sharp look out for the Cattleya fly (see February the Dendrobium beetle, and other noxious insect pests.

ORCHID PORTRAITS.
Catasetum Rodigasianum,
Lindcnia,
t.

Rolfe, var.

tenebrosum.
f.

dark variety.

406.

Chondrorhyncha Chestertoni, Rchb.

in 1879,

A handsome

and very remark-

able species, originally introduced by Messrs. F. Sander and Co., St. Albans,

and now re-introduced by Messrs. Linden, L'Horticulture InterIt

nationale, Brussels.

has light buff-yellow flowers, with fringed

lip

and

petals. Lindenia,

t.

405.

Chysis bractescens.Journ. Hort., April 5th, pp. 222, 223, fig. 43. Ccelogyne cristata. Specimen plants grown by Mr. Robert, gr. to Sir David Solomon, Bart., Tunbridge Wells. Gavd. XYovld, April 21st, p. 533.


THE ORCHID REVIEW.

153

Ccelogyne cristata Lemoniana. A fine specimen over four feet across, bearing more than five hundred flowers, grown by Mr. Bailey, gr. to Mrs.
Barclay,

Reigate. Gard. World, March 24th, p. 469, with fig. Ccelogyne Mossle, Rolfe. A handsome new species from the Xeilgherry
Briars,

The

which was exhibited at a meeting of the Royal Horticultural Society by John S. Moss, Esq., Wintershill, Bishops Waltham, on March 13th last, and awarded a First-class Certificate. The flowers are white with a crescentshaped yellow marking in front of the keels. Gard. Chron., March 31st,
Hills,
pp. 400, 401,
fig.

49.
t.

Cypripedium x conco-Lawre. Lindcnia, 408. Cypripedium X Lawrebel. Lindcnia, t. 407. Cypripedium x Winifred Hollington. A very beautiful hybrid

raised

in the

collection of A.
C.

J.

Hollington, Esq., Forty Hill, Enfield, from

C
48
;

niveum and

callosum or
p.

ciliolare

(both have been stated). Gard.

fig.

Chron., April 21st,

495,

fig.

60; Journ. Hort., April EQth, pp. J94, 295,

Gard. Mag., April 21st, pp. 218, 222, with fig. L.elia x CALLiSTOGLosSA Gard. World, April 7th,

p. 501,

with

fig.

L.ELIA x

Finckeniana (See

p. 9, fig. I

of our

February

issue).

Gard.

Mag., March

31st, p. 176, with fig.

Masdevallia gargantua, Rchb. f. A remarkable species allied to M. Mooreana and M. elephanticeps. It was exhibited by Sir Trevor Lawrence at the Royal Horticultural Society's Meeting on March 13th last, and received a First-class Certificate. Gard. Mag., March 24th, p. 161, with fig. Odontoglossum crispum var. apiatum. A flower of the splendid specimen for which Baron Schroder received a special Gold Medal on March 13th last. Gard. Chron., March 24th, p. 375, fig. 47. Odontoglossum x elegans, Sander's var. A beautiful variety which received an Award of Merit from the Royal Horticultural Society on March 24th last Gard. Chron., April 7th, p. 441, fig. 55Lucasianum. A handsome Oncidium with golden-yellow Oncidium which Messrs. F. Sander and Co., St. Albans, received an Award flowers for
April 10th last. Gard. Chron., April 21st, p. 497, fig. 61. of Merit on x Marth.e. A handsome hybrid raised in the establishment Phaius

Sander and Co., from Phaius Blumei ? and P. tuberculosus of Messrs. F.

$.

Journ.

Hort.,

March 22nd,

p. 219, fig. 36.

CULTURE OF MASDEVALLIAS.
1

the Cambridge

Lodge

Collection in the

Orchid Rev

the following

of the treatment of the

Ma

temperatu

of 50

is

maintained


'54

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

minimum
of 45
in

possible, with a

extreme weather; but Mr.

Chapman
is

considers that so low a temperature, except for a very short period,

risky, unless the plants are

very

comparatively dry. ...

plant of

M. ignea was
is

already pushing up well, and a large M. racemosa with eighty leaves

of the healthiest

one

we have

ever seen."

May

be permitted to contrast with this the treatment followed in

last

my

modest collection during the

twelve months

All the Masdevallias of the cool section

were grown

in the

open

air

from

May

27th to October 6th following,

when they were

all

transferred to the cool

,

house, where the night temperature during winter sank to about 40

occasion falling to 36
.

on one
;

The

plants are

in perfect

health and vigour

and taking the two kinds named in your article, Masdevallias ignea Massangeana, has been flowering strongly since January 8th, and will
probably continue flowering until the end of June, and a plant of M. racemosa,

which

obtained from the Maplewell Collection in

December

1892, with
thirty-five

sixty-five leaves

and twelve growths, has now one hundred and

leaves and nine growths, the leaves having

more than doubled

in size during

the period in which

have had the plant.

C. B. Lucie-Smith.

The Acacias, Worthing.

We

are

much

obliged for this interesting note, as a discussion of the

conditions under which these interesting plants succeed best in cultivation

can only do good.

leaves

They sometimes

get into a bad state of health,

when the

damp off at the base, but whether this is due to the combined influence of too much water with too low a temperature is perhaps not proved, though it is what Mr. Chapman seeks to guard against. An impure
seem
to

atmosphere by London
idea.

is

highly prejudicial

to their

welfare,

asserted that they cannot be

fogs,

grown

to perfection in

and we have heard it the area most affected

though Mr. Measures' plants almost serve to dispel the They are essentially Alpine plants, and grow naturally in cool, moist,

and airy situations, generally occurring at a higher elevation than the Odontoglossums, and above the limits of the forest. In Peru they generally
occur between 9,500 and 13,000 feet altitude, and in
6,000 to 11,000 feet.

New Granada

from

About Sonson the species are numerous and occur from 6,000 to about 7,500 feet. M. Chimsera and its allies grow from 4,500 to about 6,500 feet elevation, and, with a few other species from a somewhat warmer climate, require a little warmer house during the winter

grow near the snow line, where temperature sometimes falls to near freezing point, and where mists and even fogs are frequent, though not accompanied by smoke and deleterious gases as in the case of London fogs. Rain is frequent and the atmosphere nearly always charged with moisture. These facts should be borne in mind, as they afford
of the species

months.

Some

the safest guide to the cultivator.

Ed.]

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

155

ORCHIDS AT THE
At

ROYAL HORTICULTURAL
SOCIETY.
Show
in the Drill Hall,

By JOHN WEATHERS.
the Royal Horticultural Society's Flower

James
fair

Street, Victoria Street,

Westminster, on March 27th, there was a very

(gr.

display of Orchids.

The

President, Sir Trevor Lawrence, Bart., Burford, Dorking

Mr.

W. H.
in

White), was awarded a Silver Flora Medal

for a

charming collection

which Dendrobiums were prominent, among them being the white and deep magenta D. superbum Huttoni, which received a First-class Certificate,

x cheltenhamense (D. aureum % x D. luteolum t\ and the deep purple D. x Wardianonobile. Other noteworthy objects were Eria aeridostachya with drooping
the

wholly white D.

s.

Burkei, D. Tattonianum, D.

racemes,

and what

was

named

Maxillaria

Lawrenceana, with slender

bulbiferous stems, and pale primrose flowers, each of these plants receiving

a Botanical Certificate.

fine spike of

Odontoglossum coronarium miniatum

(gr.

must
Mr.
in

also be mentioned.

E. Ashworth, Esq., F.R.H.S., Harefield Hall, Wilmslow, Cheshire

H. Holbrook), exhibited his variety of Dendrobium Findlayanum, which the sepals and petals were pure white, the lip having a pale

yellow disc.

John T. Bennett-Poe, Esq., F.R.H.S., Holmwood, Cheshunt, exhibited a superb form of Cypripedium Boxallii. Norman C. Cookson, Esq., F.R.H.S., Oakwood, Wylam-on-Tyne (gr. Mr. W. Murray), exhibited and obtained a Cultural Commendation for

Dendrobium
is

x Venus, a hybrid with vivid purple flowers in which the

lip

conspicuously enlarged.
Sir

Edwards-Moss, Bart., F.R.H.S., Thamesfield, Henley-onJohn Thames (gr. Mr. G. Hatch), obtained a Cultural Commendation for a specimen plant of Selenipedium caudatum bearing eighteen flowers on seven spikes. In addition was a plant of Odontoglossum X baphicanthum with
yellow flowers streaked with brown.

Southampton (gr. Mr. Blandford), sent a fine blooming stem of Dendrobium Wardianum. A Bronze Banksian Medal was awarded to Messrs. W. L. Lewis and Co., Chase Side, Southgate, N., for a collection in which were chiefly noticeable Vanda tricolor, Lewis's var., Oncidium superbiens, several Odontoglossums, aurantiaca, and a Cypripedium X Smithii, which has a large quantity Ada of C. Lawrenceanum blood in its veins.
Hill,

Mrs. Haselfoot, Moor

Linden, Pare Leopold, Brussels, exhibited a two-flowered scape Messrs. of Cypripedium X Lucianianum. Low and Co., Upper Clapton, N.E., exhibited several Messrs. Hugh

5&

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

Miltonia Roezlii, Cattleya Trianae, Odontoglossum cristatum, and Cvpripedmm x J. Gurney Fowler (C. Godefroyae % X C. barbatum $), which
latter

had the upper sepal white, flushed with rose and spotted with deep
I.

purple.

Cambridge Lodge, Camberwell (gr. Mr. H. Chapman), exhibited several improved forms of Vanda tricolor, and the buff Masdevallia x Hincksiana. From Lord Rothschild's collection, Tring Park (gr. Mr. E.
Hill),
'

R.

Measures,

Esq.,

came

a beautiful spike of Cattleya amethystoglossa, with fourteen flowers. A Silver Flora Medal was granted to Messrs. F. Sander and Co. for a group including several varieties of Dendrobium Phalamopsis,

Coelogyne

Odontoglossum niveum, O. x elegans, Sander's var. (which received an Award of Merit), Angraecum Sanderianum, Cypripedium Rothschildianum, Phaius Sanderianus, and Spathoglottis aurea Messrs. E. D. Shuttleworth and Co., Peckham Rye, exhibited a charming variety of Odontoglossum x Andersonianum. A Silver Flora Medal was awarded to Baron Schroder, F.R.H.S., The Dell, near Staines (gr. Mr. H. Ballantine), for a collection of Odontoglossums,
c.

Dayana,

including
c.

several

natural

hybrids from

O. crispum,

also

O.

Schrcederianum, and O. Pescatorei Schrcederianum O x Wilckeanum, and O. x W. Godefroy*, a larger and more heavily blotched form. Mention must also be made of Cattleya Lueddemanniana Schrcederlana with pure white segments, and tubular lip with a bright yellow blotch on each side of the deep magenta-purple which decorated the front portion. Miltonia Warscewiczii and its variety alba, as well as the rich orange Laeha x vitellina, were also shown.
T.Statter, Esq., F.R.H.S., Stand Hall, Whitefield, Manchester (gr. Mr. R.Johnson), exhibited Odontoglossum x Jenningsianum and the new hybrid

apiatum, 0.

Dendrobium x Rolfese, which exhibits in a conspicuous degree the traces of its parents D. primulinum $ and D. nobile & W. Thompson, Esq., F.R.H.S., Walton Grange, Stone,
Staffordshire

Dendrobium Wardianum purpureum, Odontoglossum triumphans, O. crispum, O. x cuspidatum and the Walton Grange variety-a very fine one-of O. luteopurpureum sceptrum which received an Award of Merit.
Veitch and Sons, King's Road, Chelsea, obtained a First-class Certificate for the deep purple Dendrobium x Euryalus (D. x Ainsworthii x D. nobile ), and also exhibited Phalamopsis x F. L. Ames (P. amabihs ? x P. intermedia ft, Epidendrum x
J.

(gr.

Mr.

W.

Stevens), sent Cypripedium Boxallii,

Messrs.

becomes darker in colour, Cymbidium x eburneo-Lowianum, Calanthe striata, and Cypripedium x Adrastus var. Walter C. Walker, Esq., F.R.H.S., Winchmore Hill (gr. Mr. Cragg),
received a First-class Certificate for Chysis bractescena, a vigorous specimen

Endresio-Wallisii, which

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

of

I57

which with a mass

F.

of wax-like flowers

was grown on a piece

(gr.

of

tree stem.

Wigan, Esq., F.R.H.S., Clare Lawn, East Sheen

vestalis,

Mr. \Y. H.

Young), exhibited Phalaenopsis Schilleriana tinged with yellow on the crest.

with pure white flowers

Silver Banksian

Medal was awarded

to Messrs. B. S.

Williams and Son,

Upper Holloway,
like

for several

forms of Ccelogyne

cristata,

Odontoglossum

prionopetalum, Cypripedium x Morganiae, C. X Peetersianum, which looks

a pale
$),

C.

Hookers
exhibited
Rolfeae,

x selligerum. C. x Fitchianum Oncidium Kramerianum, &c.

(C.

venustum %
(gr.

C.

E. G. Wrigley, Esq., Victoria House, Dukinfield

Mr. G. Tibbs),

Dendrobium x melanodiscus, D. nobile Cypheri, and D. somewhat less strong than Mr. Statter's plant of the same.
full

The Show on

April ioth surpassed anything that has taken place hitherto

of visitors the

on any ordinary meeting day, and the Drill Hall was whole afternoon.
Sir Trevor Lawrence, Bart., took a Silver Flora

Medal for an excellent group, in which Eulophiella Elizabethan, about which so much romance has been written, appeared. The plant bore two arching racemes of waxy flowers, and obtained a First-class Certificate as did also the large-flowered Dendrobium giganteum. The yellow D. capillipes received an Award of
;

Merit, a Botanical Certificate went to the white Eria floribunda, and to

Leptotes bicolor, while a strong specimen of Epidendrum atropurpureum and Masdevallia Arminii each received a Cultural Commendation.

Wylam-on-Tyne, exhibited a grand plant of Ccelogyne ocellata maxima, which was also Culturally Commended. Earl Cowper, Panshanger (gr. Mr. J. Fitt), contributed Odontoglossum crispum and O. X Wilckeanum.

Norman

C. Cookson, Esq.,

De

Barri Crawshay, Esq., Rosefield, Sevenoaks, exhibited his variety of

Odontoglossum x Andersonianum, which secured an Award of Merit. Welbore S. Ellis, Esq., Hazelbourne, Dorking (gr. Mr. Masterson),
exhibited a

new

species

of

Epidendrum E.
of

Ellisii,

Rolfe with reddish

Spikes of Lcelia

purple flowers, which received a First-class Certificate.

Boothiana
Chysis
exhibited.

obtained

an

Award

Merit,

while

good

example
were

of

bractescens,

and

Odontoglossum

Andersonianum

also

Messrs. Collins and Collins, Cumberland Park, Willesden, obtained a

Silver Banksian

a batch of

Medal for a collection of large Cymbidium Lowianum, and Cypripedium hirsutissimum, Vandas, &c.
Cattleya Mendelii with four flowers

A
A

fine variety of

came from
Hollington

the

Crystal Palace Co.

(gr.

Mr. Head).

magnificent hybrid

Cypripedium named Winifred

(C.

ciliolare ?

x C. niveum

$)

was exhibited by A.

J.

Hollington, Esq., Forty

158
Hill, Enfield (gr.

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

Mr. Ayling), and obtained a First-class Certificate.
all

The

flower

is

very large, of a beautiful purple-rose colour, dotted

over with

deep purple, the petals being distinctly veined, and the large transversely

oblong staminode very conspicuously hairy.

C.
J.

Lucas, Esq.,
a plant
of

Warnham

Court,

Horsham

(gr.

Mr. Duncan),

exhibited

the

new Oncidium Lucasianum, which secured an

and Co., Clapton, The beautiful purple Aerides Hughii

Award

of Merit.

A
for a

Silver Flora

Medal was won by Messrs. H.

rarities.

Low

group containing several

obtained an

Award

of Merit.

In addition to this

was the

beautiful natural

hybrid Phalasnopsis Schilleriano-gloriosa, P. x casta, the

new Dendrobium

Hildebrandii, Rolfe, and several Cypripediums and Miltonias.

Messrs. Lewis and Co., Southgate, received a Silver Banksian Medal

for

examples of Coelogyne Massangeana, Cattleya Mendelii, C. Trianae, Oncidium superbiens, O. Harrisonianum, Vandas, Cymbidiums, &c.
a collection
in

which were

fine

Lutwyche, Esq., Eden Park, Beckenham (gr. Mr. Paterson), exhibited good forms of Cypripedium Rothschildianum, C. Schroderae splendens, Odontoglossum cirrhosum Klabochorum, Dendrobium crassinode
S.

G.

album, and D. Johannis the latter receiving the distinction oi a Botanical

Certificate.

R.

I.

Measures, Esq., Camberwell

(gr.

Mr. Chapman), obtained a similar

Medal

for a

group consisting mainly

of

Cypripediums.

Of these the rare

C. Mastersianum, with a large, bold brownish purple flower, obtained an

Award

of Merit.

Botanical Certificates were granted to the tiny flowered

Masdevallia simula and Pleurothallis ornata.

Mr. P. McArthur, Maida Vale, London, W.,

won

a Silver Banksian

Medal
exul

for a collection

amaenum, Dendrobiums.
.

made up of Cypripedium Chamberlainianum, C. Cymbidium Lowianum, Miltonia Roezli, and several

Esq., Botanic Gardens, Glasnevin, sent

F W. Moore,
folium,
S.

Satynum

corii-

princeps,

and Masdevallia

torta,

each of which received a

Botanical Certificate.

Strong spikes of Cypripedium Rothschildianum came from the Duke of Marlborough, Woodstock, Blenheim
(gr.

Mr. Whillans).
to a
fine

First-class

Certificate

was granted

form of Dendrobium
(gr.

crepidatum shown by Lord Rothschild, Tring Park

for a

Mr.

Hill).

Messrs. F. Sander and Co., St. Albans, obtained a Silver Flora Medal

group consisting of Oncidiums (including the new O. Lucasianum,

received

which

an

Award

of

Merit),

Brassia

Wageneri,

Cymbidium
var.,

Lowianum, Coelogyne Dayana, Cattleya Schrcederte, Well's specimen of Graramatophyllum Measuresianum, etc. A Silver Flora Medal was awarded to Baron Schroder, The

fine

Dell, Staines

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

(gr.

59

Mr. Ballantine), for several

fine natural

hybrid Odontoglossums, Cattleya

Lawrenceana Vinckei, C. L. concolor, and C. L. Hyeanum. A. H. Smee, Esq., The Grange, Wallington (gr. Mr. Cummins), obtained an Award of Merit for Lycaste cruenta. Dendrobium tetragonum and Cyrtopodium Andersonianum were also shown the latter under the
erroneous

name

of C.

Godseffianum.

form of Odontoglossum x Wilckeanum came from Thos. Statter, Esq., Whitefield, Manchester.
fine

Messrs. J. Veitch and Sons, King's Road, Chelsea, obtained an

of Merit for

Award

Dendrobium x Alcippe (D.

lituiflorum

Freemanni % x D.
lip

Wardianum ) a hybrid with deep

white zone around the disc.

Merops
?)

(C.

ciliolare
;

having a pure Other noteworthy hybrids were Cypripedium x C. Druryi $), pale buff, with red-brown

purple flowers, the

blotches and stains

Dowiana
Barlaeana

and

the beautiful Laelio-cattleya Pallas (L. crispa $ x C. Masdevallia x glaphyrantha (M. infracta ? x

$).

W. Ward,

Esq.,

Holmleigh, Putney

Hill,

S.W.

(gr.

Mr.

W.

Lager),

exhibited two hybrid Cypripediums of the C. Harrisianum type, with very deeply coloured flowers.

At the meeting on April 24th there was again a

a considerable

fine display of Orchids,

number being the usual

familiar species.

Among

the rarer

ones and those which received awards the following may be mentioned : W. M. Appleton, Esq., Weston-super-Mare, received a First-class Certi-

and strong Laelia cinnabarina. Two wellflowered examples of Cattleya Lawrenceana were also sent. Walter Cobb, Esq., Tunbridge Wells, showed Maxillaria Sanderiana, Odontoglossum x Humeanum, and several others in good condition. De Barri Crawshay, Esq., Sevenoaks, received an Award of Merit for
particularly fine

ficate for a

Odontoglossum crispum "Florrie," a handsome good forms were also sent.

variety.

Two

or three other

The
for

Director, Royal Gardens,

Collettii,

Kew, received a Botanical

of

Certificate

Cirrhopetalum
R.

and an Award

Merit

for

Phalaenopsis

tetraspis.

Camberwell, received a First-class Certificate for Cypripedium x Annie Measures, a beautiful spotted hybrid raised by Messrs. Sander from C. bellatulum $ and C. Dayanum . C. X Merops C. Druryi $ x C. ciliolare ) was also included in the group, for which a
I.

Measures, Esq.,

Bronze Banksian Medal was awarded. Mr. J. O'Brien, Harrow-on-the-Hill, received a Botanical the very curious Bulbophyllum saurocephalum.

Certificate for

Baron Schroder, The

L.-c. x bella.

Dell, Staines, sent cut spikes of several very fine

Odontoglossums, the beautiful Laelio-cattleya x

Digbyano-Mossias, and

160
A.

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

H. Smee, Esq., Carshalton, received an Award of Merit for Dendrobium nobile, Smee's variety, a fine light form. D. linguiforme was also

Wigan, Esq., East Sheen, sent a good Cattleya Mossiae Reineckiana and two other forms. Messrs. F. Sander and Co., St. Albans, received Awards of Merit for the Philippine Ccelogyne Swanianum, Rolfe, and Phaius Owenias, an unusually dark form, from Assam. The group was awarded a Silver Flora
F.

Medal.
Messrs. James Veitch and Sons, Chelsea, exhibited the beautiful Laslia

Latona;

also

Cypripedium

eurylochus,

Chysis

x Chelsoni, and

others.

Walter C. Walker, Esq., Winchmore Hill Mr. P. McArthur, Maida Vale Messrs. W. L. Lewis and Co., Southgate and Messrs. Hugh Low and Co., Clapton, each received a Bronze Banksian Medal for interesting
; ;
;

groups.

Messrs. Lewis's group included a small form of Odontoglossum

X dicranophorum, Rchb.
an Award of Merit.

and Oncidium sessile, the latter receiving Odontoglossum crispum Lowianum from Messrs.
f.,

Low's group

also received an

Award

of

Merit.

Messrs. B. S. Williams and Son, Upper Holloway, staged a very fine group, for which a Silver Banksian Medal was awarded. It contained the rare Rodriguesia venusta, Odontoglossum Edwardii, Oncidium sarcodes,

and other
received an

fine things.

Epidendrum radicans and Miltonia

stellata

each

Award

of Merit.

CORRESPONDENCE,
R.
I.

&c.
flower
of Cypripedium

Measures, Esq., Camberwell, sends a very

fine

Mas-

tersianum, the species figured at p. 17 of the present volume, but the dorsal sepal over if inches broad, and the petals proportionately broader. It is well coloured, and altogether

Mr. adapted
with
it.

W.

Stevens, gardener to

W. Thompson,

Esq., Stone, Staffordshire, sends

1

some
well

beautiful flowers of Dendn-i

for cut flowers,

there

It is

and

lasted longer in water than

some Odontoglossums enclosed

It is

H.

J.

R., Florence.

The

Sobralia

may

be undeveloped.

much

like S.

macrantha,

thanks.

The

V.,
.

Whalley Range. Bletia Shepherdii, good. R., Oxford. Odontoglossum X Andersonianum, good

Lielio-cattleya

Schil

The Amateur Orchid

Cultivator's Guide Book.
By H. A. BURBERRY,
F.R.H.S.

THIS

Book contains sound

in

practical information for

Amateurs and

beginners

Orchid Culture.
;

In Cloth, price 2 6

post-free, 2 9.

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NEW, RARE, AND BEAUTIFUL ORCHIDACEOUS PLANTS

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Conducted by ROBERT WARNER, F.L.S.. F.R.H.S., Author of "Select Orchidaceous Plants;" BENJAMIN SAMUEL WILLIAMS. F.L.S., F.R.H.S.. Author of The Orchid Growers' Manual," &c. THOMAS MOORE, F.L.S., F.R.H.S. HENRY
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HEATING APPARATUS,
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ORCHIDS
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and imported Orchids.

INSPECTION INVITED.

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Vol.

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JUNE,

1894.

[No.

18.

ORCHID REVIEW
Hn
3llU0tratefc

fl&ontbty 3ournal,

DEVOTED TO ORCHIDOLOGY.

robium X Cordelia
r

...

of Operations for

June

bium X crassinodi-Wardia
I

its

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DfBook

PRICE ONE SHILLING MONTHLY.

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THE ORCHID
NOTES.

REVIEW.

Royal Horticultural Society will be held at the Drill Two meetings Street, Victoria Street, Westminster, during June, on the 12th Halt, James respectively, when the Orchid Committee will meet at the usual and 26th,
of the

former occasion a prize of 1 is offered for the best Seedling On the The competition is exhibited previous to January i, 1894. Orchid, not

We
'

learn that Sir Trevor

Lawrence was unable

to give the

Lecture on

Orchids," which was announced for the meeting on

May

8th.

The May number

3ecade of

of the

Kew

Bulletin contains descriptions of

an eighth

New

Orchids by Mr. Rolfe, which are more particularly noted on

The The

sale of the

first

portion of the celebrated Pickering

Lodge

collection

took place on

May

9th and 10th, and realised an aggregate

sum

of 2,600.

seedlings sold for 100.

plant of Cattleya Mossiae Reineckiana was

by Messrs. Sander for 160 guineas, and C. Mendelii Firthii by purchased Hugh Low and Co., for 70 guineas. The best plant of Cattleya Messrs. alba realised 160 guinea?, and part of the original C. Mendelii Skinneri

Quorn House
Lffilia

variety 150 guineas, Mr.

Fred Hardy being the purchaser.

purpurata Hardyana went to Mr.

W. Wells

for

130 guineas.
is

these are exceptional prices, but the average price course the high figure of between 4 and 5 per plant. reached

said to have

62

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

Owing
to pressure

on our space caused by Reports of the three gre

shows
articles

at

Antwerp, Manchester, and the Inner Temple Gardens, sever must stand over until next month. These Reports will be found

another page.

OBITUARY.
The
death
is

announced,

at

Devoran, Cornwall, on April 30th, of the

at a very

veteran plant collector,

Thomas Lobb,
sen., to

advanced age.

In 1840 he

was engaged by Mr. Veitch,

twenty years he
visited the

collect

plants,

and during the next

Eastern Himalayas and parts of Burma, afterwards the Malay Peninsula, Java and North Borneo, and subsequently the Philippine Islands. Many fine garden plants were introduced to cultivation

by him

and among the Orchids may be mentioned, Cypripedium villosum, Calanthe rosea, Pleione lagenaria and maculata, Aerides Fieldingii, Vanda ccerulea, tricolor, and suavis, Ccelogyne speciosa, Dendrofor the first time,

bium infundibulum and albosanguineum, &c. The very interesting natural hybrid Phalsenopsis X intermedia was also sent by him from the Philippines. As the result of exposure in his work he had the misfortune to lose his legs, in consequence of which he gave up collecting, and settled one of

BIFRENARIA HARRISONI^ VAR. PUBIGERA.

remarkably distinct variety, which was originally described by This a under the name of Maxillaria pubigera, in 1855. Since that time Klotzsch, seems to have been quite lost sight of, but now it has re-appeared among it
is

the importations of Messrs. F. Sander and Co., of

St.

Albans.

The

flowers

are

smaller than in the type, the sepals being only eight lines broad and wholly light plum-purple, and the petals only five lines broad and much The lip is also a little smaller, but has the usual shape, markings, paler.

much

pubescense and
appeared

orange-yellow

crest.

The

variety
at

Buchaniana, which
in

in the late

Mr. Buchan's collection

Southampton,

1879, has

the petals flushed with violet-purple, but the sepals white with some light green at the base. It is also normal in size. The variety pubigera is a
strikingly distinct thing,
its

and

it

would be interesting

to

know more about

It

origin,

and whether

it

grows with the typical form.

would also be

interesting to

know

if

other plants are in existence in the country.

f.

Bifrenaria Harrison!*, var. pubigera, Rchb.

B. H. var. Buchaniana.

in

Rchb.

f.

in

'./ 1.

'

<

Card. C/nvn., ,879, P- 45. Maxillaria :.,xxm. 1855', P- o6. ,.<-....; j. \a purpurascens,
i.

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

163

ORCHIDS IN THE COLLECTION OF HENRY GRAVES, ESQ., ORANGE, NEW JERSEY.

Orange,

New

Jersey, fourteen miles from

New York

city.

The Orchid

are six in number, of various lengths, and contain one of the best houses collections in the country. The Cattleya house is sixty feet long by eighteen
feet wide, and contains

distinct species,

many hundred plants, including hybrids, named varieties, albinos, &c.

total of
p. Nelisii,

over one hundred

There are some

at present

grand specimens of Laelia purpurata, with a

expanded, including such varieties as L.
;

320 blossoms

Williamsii, Schroedehe,

showing well for flower; a fine plant of &c. with nearly one hundred expanded blooms together with Cattleya Skinned of C. Warneri, Mossiae, Triame, Schrcederse, Mendelii, smaller specimens These will soon be enriched by many large in flower. intermedia, &c., C. Trianae is nov nearly of C. Gaskelliana and Warscewiczii specimens
quantities of
Laelia crispa
:

attley

ed bv

many
also

fine
;

specimens, including

varieties as Turneri, prasiata, and Schrcederae

while L.-c. x bchillenana

and
found

its

variety Wolstenholmice are

represented.

The

collection

embraces also smaller plants of

in

the leading species and

hybrids

usually

other choice collections.

is

The

entire collection

grown

in red

cedar baskets, in chopped

pots are used.

Osmunda
all

rhizomes, sphagnum,

and charcoal.
scale, thrip,

No

The
of

plants are

healthy, and free from

-day,

&c, and

are watered overhead twice a

winter and summer, with the hose.

is

heavy coat
is

white lead and

turpentine

the shading used in

winter, and the plants seem to

removed during enjoy the weak winter sun, and ripen up for

summer;

this

entirely

bloom much better with

the bigibbum section of

its

assistance.
is

Adjoining the Cattleya house

a smaller one used for Phalaenopsis, and

Dendrobium. These are all suspended in baskets, In this same house are charcoal and chopped sphagnum. and grown in plants of Oncidium Lanceanum, in baskets of chargrown also many fine below are occupied by hybrid Anthuriums, and the coal. The benches plants are all syringed overhead twice a clay in fine weather, and are in
good healthy condition.
afforded

temperature of So by day and 70

less during winter.

at night is

them

in

summer, with io

The Cypripediums occupy a house

and
the best
in

sixty-five feet long

by eighteen wide,
is,

are great favourites with Mr. Graves.

The

collection

without doubt,

United States, numbering over seven hundred species, They are all grown in peat fibre, and chopped hybrids, and varieties. sphagnum, with liberal drainage. The temperature ranges in winter from
the

70

to

by day and 75

6o*J to

65

at night,

and as near that mark as possible

64

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

in

Canvas shading, raised eighteen inches above the glass, is used through the heat of the day in summer, but during the winter no shadewhatever
is

summer.

used.

The
tianum

collection contains over

one hundred unflowered crosses of the

concolor section.

Many

are about to bloom, such as niveum $

,

Elliot-

bellatulum % x villosum

bellatulum ?

Lawrenceanum Hyeanum $ X niveum , anum g, &c. with many fine named varieties, such
;

maximum $ r and x Marshallianum $x Lawrencex insigne

as C.

X Tautzianum, x Marshallianum and varieties, x Antigone, x Arete, x Aylingii, x tessellatum porphyreum, x microchilum, x Arnoldianum, x Gravesiae and var. superbum, x Georgianum, &c. This last has just flowered, and is across
between C. superbiens x niveum
$,

the scape

is

double flowered, the

flowers nearly four inches across, the dorsal sepal short, greenish white with

brown markings at the base the petals white suffused with vinous purple and specked with crimson and the lip rich vinous purple. The name is given in compliment to Mr. George Graves.
; ;

complete

list

of those at present in flower

space, but of the older varieties

may

would consume too much be named Selenipedium Lindleyanum r

S.

X leucorrhodum, x Schrcederse, x Sedeni and var. candidulum, X cardinale, x grande and var, Cypripedium x atratum, x Dominianum, and x calurum Rougieri Harrisianum, x Bartetii, &c. fine specimens from two to five feet across,,
Klotzchianum, and caricinum, and the hybrids
;

and each a shower of bloom.

Among

the choice varieties in flower

may be

mentioned Cypripedium X Aylingii, x Gravesiae, x almum atropurpureum,

X rubescens pictum, X Beatrice, x Vibilia, x Greyanum, x Winnianum,. x orphanum, X Schlesingerianum superbum, x Germinyanum, and X Godseffianum, also C. Chamberlainianum in variety, &c, &c. Among the Vanda group there is little in bloom at present except Vanda suavis, tricolor, insignis and varieties, Aerides odoratum, Rohanianum, Fieldingii, Savageanum, and Vandarum together with Angraecum Sanderi;

anum and
fine

sesquipedale.

The Vandeae
live
all

are

all
;

potted in charcoal, with a

in

light top dressing of

chopped
a

sphagnum
times

and are syringed overhead

at

weather.

Air

is

admitted at

in greater or less

quantity accord-

ing to the weather, and

temperature of jo by day, and 6o

sixty-five feet long

night

The adjoining compartment,

devoted principally to

by eleven
fifty

feet wide, is

Dendrobiums, of which about

fine

species

and

from.

At present there are some florum, superbum, Findlayanum,

house
in
is

specimens of D. thyrsiflorum, densiforty

Dalhousieanum,
plants are

spikes, Sec.

The

kept at about 50

during winter, and jo to 75 (as near as possible)

summer.

With few exceptions the

;

grown

in

sphagnum, with

liberal drainage

syringing taking the place of watering.

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

The Odontoglossums
are

165

grown

in

winter

in

a lean-to north house,

adjoining the Dendrobiums.

The Masdevallias occupy a part of this house and are now a fine show of bloom. Noteworthy among them at present are two fine pieces of M. Harryana Gravesiae, the white variety. The Odontoglossums number nearly one thousand plants, among them are some fine
species and natural hybrids,

many

fine

O. crispum and Pescatorei varieties

are

now

in flower,

with others, such as x Ruckerianum, X Andersonianum,

small pots,
a mixture of chopped
in winter

cirrhosum, Sanderianum, x lanceans Gravesianum, x Josephine, &c, &c.

The

plants are

grown

in

in

peat

and

sphagnum, with good drainage.

.

The temperature

ranges from

4S to 55 Canvas, raised on frame work eighteen inches above the glass, is used for shading. During the hot summer months the plants are plunged
in

ashes in cold frames located in a shady situation.

Canvas sashes are

used through the day, but these are replaced by others covered with wire netting in the evenings. The plants are syringed overhead morning and
evening, and in this

manner usually stand

the

summer months

in

good

DENDROBIUM TRANSPARENS ALBUM.

This
is

a very charming

little

Dendrobium, an albino

of the

well-known

D. transparens. The flowers are spotless white, without a trace of colour anywhere. It was described in 1889 (Rolfe in Gard. Chron., 1SS9, ii. p. 94), when it originally appeared in the collection of Hamar Bass, Esq., Byrkley, Burton-on-Trent, under the charge of Mr. Hamilton, from whom we have

now
we

received a spray of

its

beautiful flowers.

It

is

evidently very rare, for

no record of any other plant, though the species has long been in cultivation, and was figured in the Botanical Magazine (t. 4663) as long ago
find

as 1852.

It is a native

of the Tropical Himalayas,

and appeared among

F.

some plants which had been imported by Messrs.

of St. Albans.

Sander and

Co.,

PHAL^NOPSIS
:

PARISHII.
at

of this lovely little

gem

is

now flowering

Kew.

Although but
it

es high, its

raceme

of small white

and purple flowers gives

:arance.
of the lip
is

Singularly enough, the large purple front lobe

articulated at the base and mobile, in

It also

which respect

it

differs

from most others of the genus.

bears four very long bristles at the

base and a crescent of short ones in front of these.

minute and yellow.

It is

a native of

The side-lobes are Moulmein and was described in 1865,

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

from plants sent by the Rev. Mr.
variety
'.

to Messrs.
1

grow s

in

Assam, which

is

Hugh Low and Co. A have been sent by Thomas Lobbfifteen

to Messrs. Ja imes
:

Veitch and Sons,

lip stripec

has the front lobe of the

some brown and

lsea,

years earlier, and

white.

The

conditions

under which
1

it

grows

in a wild sta

recorded by Major-Gen. Berkeley

at p. 242 of our last

volume.

ORCHID HYBRIDISATION.
The
of

question which

now remains

is

what

to cross.

Some

details

have

already been given, at page 52, as to the selection of parents, but a record

some

of the crosses

be useful as a guide.

which have been made without any result will also One frequently hears of remarkable and sometimes
have been made, and,
for

apparently

impossible crosses which

time

at least, with every prospect of ultimate success,

though
Still

in the

majority

of cases this early promise has not been fulfilled.

seedlings are in

existence which

have been derived from very distinct parents, and will

probably flower in due time.

One
a

of the

recorded at page 366 of our last

a healthy batch of about

most remarkable instances is that " We have volume by Mr. Burberry

:

dozen plants obtained by crossing Sobralia macrantha with the pollen of Cattleya gigas." In the case of such very
it

different looking parents

should be possible to see at a very early stage

;

whether the seedlings are true hybrids

for this is not

always the case.

Mr. Veitch records that "Zygopetalum Mackayi has been crossed with several species of Odontoglossum, and seedlings raised from some of the
crosses, but every one that has yet flowered has proved to be

Zygopetalum
invited
to-

Mackayi" a seemingly

inexplicable

fact.

Our readers
it

are

send notes of any other remarkable crosses, for

notes of this kind should be placed on record.

is

desirable that

any
of

Among

the crosses

made by Messrs. Veitch from which capsules

still

apparently good seed were obtained, which

failed to

germinate, are:

Acanthephippium

Curtisii crossed with Chysis bractescens, Bletia hyacin-

thina crossed with Calanthe masuca, Chysis aurea crossed with Zygopetalum

Sedeni, Odontoglossum bictoniense crossed with Zygopetalum maxillare,

and Zygopetalum Mackayi crossed with Lycaste Skinned.

very large

number

of

others produced capsules, to

all

appearances externally perfect,

of

not only from generic crosses, but

between species
to obtain hybrids

the

same genus r

which contained not a single seed.

Several attempts have been

made

between the tropical

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

and lardy
]

specii 2s

of

Cypripedi um, but hitherto without

c< editions

si

access

and

it

seenv s highly pn ^bable that the very diverse

und< r which they

t

grow,

coupled w 'ith their

their union.

consti lutional differe :nces,

efforts

form a n ins jperable

been
r

barrisiv to

Numerc ius
a

hav< t also

nade

to
a .nd

cross

the

tropical

Cy] 3ripediums with

success, for
is

the

America n Selenipediu ms,

have been
do not
ra tised,

not

wholl y without

few seedlings
t< )

but the

numt>er

of failun js

sufficient

prove that

th< ly

unit. e

very readily.
the
1

Attempts

to intermix Masdevallia

Chimaera and

its allies witl i

mlliant-

flowered species have generally ended

a seedling has

in failui e,

though we
it

belie ve

such

now been

raised.

Calanthe vestita,

is

said, refuses to

the C. veratrifolia group, yet, singularly enough, cross with the species of
it

hybridises readily with Phaius grandifolius.

Sometimes

a cross

is

effected

and a capsule produced which

is

to all

appearances perfect, but on dehiscing the placentas show nothing but the remains of the shrivelled ovules, and in these cases it is doubtful whether
fertilisation proper

has ever taken place.

In this family, as

is

now

pretty

period elapses between the pollination of the well known, a considerable fertilisation of the ovules in the case of Cattleya Mossiae flower and the
seventy-five to about ninety days, as proved by experiments as much as from When the flowers expand the made in Messrs. Veitch's establishment. state, but the act of pollination, ovary and ovules are in a very rudimentary
pollen to the stigma, applies a stimulus to the or the application of the The effect is visible after the lapse of a few swell. ovary and causes it to

and show signs of withering. hours, as the floral pollinia are seen to be disintegrating, forming, with In a couple of days the

segments become

flaccid

the viscid secretion from the stigma, a gelatinous

mass that quite

fills

up

At the same time the pollen tubes have commenced In eight days the tubes have reached the base of the column, to grow. At vast numbers among the cells of the conducting tissue. being found in
the stigmatic cavity.

has become considerably enlarged, and the the end of a month the ovary beginning to assume a definite form, while the placenta; and ovules are
pollen tubes are pushing downwards along the
sides of the

placentas and
in

among

the ovules.

months, though the pollen tubes are present In two

have even reached the base of the ovary, the countless numbers, and ovules are not yet developed, but soon afterwards they rapidly undergo
form, and at the end of about three months the long-lookedThe pollen tubes now come into contact with the place. for event takes ovule, and fertilisation is effected; after which alone the apex of the
a change
of

embryo
It
is

is

developed.

noteworthy that

before this

event

takes

place the

ovary has

from a terete body, less than a quarter of an inch in diameter, developed a six-angled one, more than seven times as broad, and as a mere result to of the stimulus given by the act of pollination and the subsequent growth

68
It

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

is

of the pollen tubes.

therefore easy to see

how an

apparently good

capsule

may

develop without containing a single seed, or even without the

ovules having ever been fertilised.

capsules invariably contain a large

is

Even when good seed is present the number of shrivelled ovules, and there

good reason to believe that the majority of these abortive ovules have never been impregnated by the pollen tubes. It is now evident that the

pollen of

many Orchids

serves to stimulate the development of the ovary

without effecting the fertilisation of the ovules, hence the large number of apparently good capsules which contain no seeds is easily explained.

A
of the

large

number

of these abortive crosses have been

made

but never

recorded, though a record

would be valuable as
time
is

a guide to others.

Much
with
being
is

work

at the present

proceeding along well-defined

lines,

definite objects in view,

and under these conditions rapid progress

But we are glad to know that a few rash experiments are also being made, as in this way some quite unlooked-for results may be attained. The
made.
subject
is

an extremely interesting one, and we hope our readers

will favour

us with their experiences, as

much

yet remains to be recorded.

series of

forms of this hybrid from the collection of

its

De

Barri Crawvariability,

shay, Esq., Rosefield, Sevenoaks, well illustrates

extreme

which was considered in detail at p. 171 of our last volume. In fact, scarcely any two seem exactly alike, and any attempt to arrange them under varietal names seems well-nigh impracticable. The extremes of variation in any direction may easily be so distinguished, but for the host of
intermediate forms
necessary.

we do
is

not think such

course

either

desirable or

The

finest

form sent

one called

De

Barri Crawshay's variety, which

It is

received an

Award

of Merit

on April 10th

last.

characterised by having

a very large blotch about the middle of each sepal and one or two smaller

ones near the base, and by the long attenuate lip which suddenly narrows just above the broad base. The flower measures over three and a quarter
inches across the petals, and both the sepals and petals are broad. raceme bore twelve flowers.

The

second form has smaller blotches, a little yellow in the ground, and the ordinary shaped lip. A third has a little rosy suffusion and very

numerous small
sixteen flowers.

spots,

and

this

is

nearest to 0. X Ruckerianum.

It

bears
spots,

The
for so

next has a light yellow ground with

many small
it

and thus
original

is

a form of O.

X hebraicum.

It

is

convenient to retain these

names

extremely variable a plant, though

must be

clearly

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

as has already been pointed out.

169

understood that they pass into each other by a series of intermediate forms,

flower of O. crispum var. " Florie," which received an

is

Award

of Merit

on April 24th,
petals,

also enclosed.

It

measures over four inches across the

which
with

latter are

one and a quarter inches broad.

petals
disc.

The

sepals are
so,

suffused

purple

and the deeply-notched

partially

both

being blotched with reddish purple on the

It is a large

and beautiful

NOVELTIES.
Pleurothallis inflata, Rolfe. A Columbian
Messrs. F. Sander
species introduced b

and Co.,

of St.

Albans,

with

whom

it

flowered
It

September, 1891, and

allied

subsequently at Glasnevin, and elsewhere.

Lindl. and
P.

to

P.

Lindeni,

ruberrima, Lindl., and bears sem

spots

translucent whitish flowers with

sepals and petals.
allusion to

some purple

and streaks on

tl

The united lateral sepals are ventricose or inflated, A',which the name is given. w Bulletin, 1S94, p. 154.

belonging to the section Formosa?, though differing from every other

aving the
'halsenopsis.

base

of

tr te

mentum

inflated

into

short

sac,

as

in

D.

and most resemble those of D. Jearei, but are larger, and the lip broader, more entire, and stained with ght purple at the bas e instead of light green. The stems continue to longate for some time, and throw out fascicles of two or three flowers from

The

flov irers
i

are white,

le axils of
0.,

the short

le tves.

It

was introduced by Messrs. F. Sander and

it

of St.

Albans, will 1

whom

flowered last

autumn. Kew

Bulletin,

Dendrobium glome ratum, Rolfe. A Moiuccan species introduced by lessrs. James Veitch ai id Sons, of Chelsea, and flowered in their establishtent last

December.

Il t

belongs to the section Pedilonum, and bears short

ingested racemes of br ight rose-coloured flowers with an orange-vermilion

Thunia Brymeriana,
at

Rolfe.

A
lip

handsome

Burmese

species

which
but

flowered with Messrs. F. Sander and Co., St. Albans, in June, 1892, and

Kew

in

the following year.

It is allied to

T. Marshalliana, Rchb.

f.,

differs in

having the throat of the

striped with

numerous crimson-purple

radiating veins.

Ccelogyne Mossle, Rolfe. A native of the Nilghiri Hills, South India, which flowered in the collection of John S. Moss, Esq., Wintershill,

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

Bishops Waltham, Hants, in June, 1S90, and subsequently. The flowers are of good size, white, with a light yellow crescent-shaped marking in
front of the keels.
It is allied to

C. nervosa, A.

Rich. Kcw

Bulletin, 1894,

Cattleya Brownii, Rolfe. Introduced from the province

of

Minas

Geraes, Brazil, by Messrs. F. Sander and Co., St. Albans, with whom it flowered last November. It is a tall plant, allied to C. Harrisonia, Batem. The flowers are borne in short racemes of two to five each, the
sepals and petals rosy purple, also the front lobe of the lip, while the side lobes are whitish, slightly suffused with light rosy mauve, and the disc yellowish white. AVer Bulletin, 1S94, 156.
P-

Epidendkum Haktii, Rolfe. Sent from Trinidad by

F.L.S., superintendent of the Botanic
L

J.

H. Hart, Esq.,

Garden there. It also flowered at Glasnevin, with Mr. F. W. Moore, in May, It bears lax panicles 1890. ellow flowers, and is allied to the New Granadan E. purum,
' '

Lindl.-

Uetin, 1894, P- 157-

Ornithidum
at

fragrans,

Rolfe.

species with

light

mauve-purple,
Moore, A.L.S.,

heliotrope-scented flowers, which flowered with Mr. F.

W.

Glasnevin

in

March, 1S93, and

Dorking,
in

in

the collection of Sir Trevor Lawrence,

It

Bart.,

Burford,

January following.
St.

was

imported by

Messrs. F. Sander and Co., of

Albans, and

is

allied to the

Mexican O.

Jensum, Rchb. f. AVu-

Bulletin, 1894, p. 157.

Oncidium
in

brevilabrum, Rolfe. A
last.

species

introduced

by Messrs.

November

It

belongs to the group Rostratae, but

lip

differs

from every

other in having the front lobe of the

are well developed.

nearly obsolete, while the side lobes

The
P

flowers are bright yellow with a few narrow

brown

bars on the lower part of the segments. Kezc Bulletin, 1894, 158.

few of the flowers are abortive.

Serrastvlis modesta.

This

is

a very interesting

new genus, which

flowered in the collection of Sir Trevor Lawrence, Bait., Burford, Dorking, in February last. It was obtained from Mr. O'Brien, of Harrow-on-theJ.

Hill,

who

received
It is

it

from Mr. F. C. Lehmann, from the Andes of

in structure, as
it

New

Granada.

somewhat anomalous

bears some resem-

blance to Trichopilia, Ornithocephalus, and Brassia, though perhaps most allied to the latter. It bears drooping racemes, with reddish brown sepals

and petals margined with pale yellow, and a whitish yellow lip.Kew
Bulletin,

1894, p. 158.

THE ORCHID REVIEW. HYBRIDS BETWEEN CYPRIPEDIUM AND SELENIPEDIUM.

In your description of the Cambridge

1
/

Lodge

collection of Orchids

on

has been crossed with p. 106, you state that Cypripedium Rothschildianum one of a series of crosses Selenipedium x leucorrhodum, and that it is only Cypripedium and Selenipedium, though made between the two genera,
while numerous capsules have hitherto without any practical result; for induced to germinate. It would been obtained, no seed has ever yet been young plants up of this cross, appear that Mr. Measures has not yet any

and when he has

venture to think he will find

them much more

fertilised

difficult

to rear than when the Old World Cypripediums are

between

Selenipediums. These mostly themselves, and likewise the New World but the intercrossing of come freely, and are moderately easy to manage I have crossed Cyprimatter. the two genera is a much more tiresome
;

ripened the seed, sowed it, pedium Parishii with Selenipedium caricinum, for several years, and at the end and raised young plants, and grown them
of that

time they were only in

thumb

pots.

These

plants,

if

now

living,
if

must be some twelve or fourteen years old, but I healthy when the collection have ever flowered, though they were perfectly Manchester, was sold by private I had charge of at Oakley, Fallowfield,
;

have no knowledge

they

went to Messrs. W. Thomson treaty. These seedlings, with some others, and I doubt not if inquiry and Son's Nurserv, Clovenfords, Galashiels
re

made

respecting them some

furthe

be obta

Bvstock, Exmouth.

more raised between Cypripedium Lawwas made at p. 66 to some seedlings which Mr. Swinburne, of Cheltenrenceanum % and Selenipedium x Sedeni?, some raised many years ago between ham, hopes to flower soon. Also to Messrs. Veitch, which they have just S. caudatum X C. barbatum by

[We hope

to learn

particulars of this interesting cross.

Allusion

written to say have not flowered, and do not yet

show any signs

of doing

Manchester, has also a reputed cross Mr. Statter, of Whitefield, so. just showing for flower, of which we between S. x Sedenig and C. Stonei $ and it looks much like a plant of C. Stonei, hope to hear more. At present
the opening of the flowers will be awaited with interest. Ed.

THE HYBRIDI ST.

Dendrobium x Virginia.
James Veitch and Sons' nursery A near Slough, by Mr. Seden, from Dendrobium moniliforme Langley,
beautiful hybrid, raised in Messrs.
$,

at

(japonicum) $ and D. Bensonise

and thence the

first in

which D. Bensonise

has

participated in the

parentage.

The

chief features of the flowers are

72

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

maroon

their pleasing shape and pure white colour, relieved only by a small

spot near the base of the lip; they are about two inches in diameter; the characters of the two parents being intimately blended. On account of the shortness of the internodes, the stems are quite hidden by the flowers along
that

part

from which they are produced, a circumstance

effect.

that

greatly

enhances the

It

received the award of a First-class Certificate from

the Royal Horticultural Society on

March 13th

last.

CYPRIPEDIUM X NlOBE VARIETIES.

Among
Esq.,

seedlings of this fine hybrid raised in the collection of H. Graves,

Orange,

New

Jersey,

U.S.A., are three which have received dis-

tinctive varietal

names.

C.

x Niobe oliganthum
It is

is

rather darker than the

type, and the petals are but little spreading.

robust and very handsome.

and has a smaller, darker flower. The dorsal sepal is heavily reticulated with vinous purple, and the petals, lip and staminode suffused with the same. Thus it has more of the character of C. Fairieanum, the pollen parent. C. Spicerianum was the seed parent.
is

C. x N. purpureum

less robust,

C. X Niobe luteum was raised from C. Spicerianum var. aureum % and C.

having more yellow petals suffused with rich brown on the undulate margin, and the lip pale yellow suffused with sepia. All are very handsome varieties.
}

Fairieanum and

differs

from typical

C.

X Niobe

in

R. M. Grey.

Dendrobiu.m x Cordelia.
Mr. Seden has certainly added one more to his numerous successes in raising the above beautiful hybrid. Its parents are D. aureum ? and D. x euosmum leucopterum $, and its descent may be thus graphically

D. moniliforme
(japonicum) $ D. x endocharis $

D. aureum

D. nobile

leucopte

The

flower

is

three inches
in shape.

sjht

be expected,

resembles D. aureum

The

sepals and petals are ivory white, each

of the former being narrowly margined with light pink. The lip, as in the case of D. aureum, is slightly three-lobed, the margin of the side lobes being light yellow, and that of the front lobe together with the apex white. The
greater part of the
It is

taken up with a large rich crimson feathered blotch. a flower of great beauty and will doubtless prove as free growing and
lip is

floriferous as its allies.

The

flower has been kindly sent by Messrs. Veitch.

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

Dendrobium x Alcippe.
Raised

175

Messrs. James Veitch and Sons' nursery from D. lituiflorum var. Freemanii % and D. Wardianum , and thence approaching D x micans,
in

of

which

it

may

be considered a distinct variety.

The

flowers are inter-

mediate
a

in

shape and size between those of the parents, but the colour of the

seed parent preponderates.

little

The
;

sepals and petals are bright rose-purple,

lip,

paler towards the base

the

the most striking ornament of the

flower, is chiefly white, with a transversely oblong Indian-purple disk,

and
from

a narrow apical border of rose-purple.

It

received an
last.

Award

of Merit

the Royal Horticultural Society on April loth

CALENDAR OF OPERATIONS FOR

Simple attention may
ful

JUNE.

safely be said to be the only

cultivation

is

attained.

There are

means whereby successno other secrets. The temperature

and other conditions under which the various species of Orchids are seen to best luxuriate should be noted, and secured as thoroughly and as

The day temperature for the cool-house must now be kept as low as possible, at the same time keeping It is best now not to let a very moist atmosphere, as advised last month.
punctually as circumstances will
permit.

the night temperature go

this

much below
;

55

although a few degrees below

For the intermediate houses, day with sun 75 morning 60 to 65 day without sun 70 to 75 night 65 to 70 to 8o Ventilate freely, shade as required, and damp down frequently, as advised For the East Indian or Dendrobium houses, temperature day last month. day without sun 75 to 8o night 70 to 75 morning with sun So to 95
need not be feared.
;

65

to 70

Keep up an abundance

of moisture,

and when giving top ventiRoll up the

at the

lation

open those ventilators on the leeward

air,

side principally.
still

blinds early in the afternoon while the sun has

some power,

same

and again thoroughly saturate the side walls, floors, and stages between the pots, and thus cause a warm, moist-growing temperature which will last well into the evening, when it is best to have
time reduce the volume of
a
little

warmth
it

in

the pipes, in order to prevent the temperature from

falling too

low during the night.

in

Let

always be borne

mind

that

much depends upon

the position in

the house that a plant not hesitate to change

may
its

occupy, and should a plant not grow kindly, do

position, say

from one end of the house to the other, or from a shady place to a sunny one, or vice versa, to the most airy In many cases it is evident that the plants or to the dampest place.
experience a decided advantage
the other, and
it

in

one position which

is

denied to them in

is

therefore most important that these right places should

174

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

known and made use
little
of, for
it

be

is

then that Orchids grow so freely and

give so
in

trouble.
:

Instances of the above are frequently occurring to

It is of

me
yet

my

practice

here are a few of them.

course well

known

that

Aerides

Fieldingii
I

and A. crispum are intermediate growing kinds,

in

nowhere could

find a position for

home

until

gave them a corner

them where they seemed to be quite at the Mexican house, where the sun never
is

strikes

owing

to the fact that this particular corner

shaded by a high
air,

building.

In such a place they

seem quite contented, having

and sun

warmth, though themselves nicely shaded.

here.

Colax jugosus also grows well

Burlingtonias are beautiful Orchids, but not

in

among
in the

the easiest to

keep

a flourishing condition.

am

trying

them

last-mentioned

place,

and can see a decided improvement.

the roller blinds are in use, there are frequently some spaces
it

When
is

through which the rays of the sun can penetrate unbroken, sometimes

through a division between two blinds, caused by their not meeting close together; or it may be at each end of the house through the same cause;

and such places are very good

place should occur in

wanting more sunshine. If such a the hottest departments, I would recommend that
for plants

Oncidium splendidum be there suspended, as

leathery leaves, delights in
also be
full

this Orchid,

with

its

thick

sun.

Vanda

teres

and V. Hookeriana could

grown there with advantage, and many others could be selected

will

which have been mentioned in former Calendars. The Mexican Laelias and other Orchids under the same treatment

now

dry very quickly, owing to the action of air and sun, and should receive

water in abundance.

Many may

not

actually be

making new growth,

form new pseudobulbs.

though they should not on that account be kept

dry, but treated liberally,

and when the new breaks appear they

be feared,
if

will quickly

In fact, instances of over-watering in any of the departments need not

now
As

done

in

moderation, and the compost

is

sweet and porous.

soon as the sphagnum moss assumes a whitish appearance a good soaking

should be
dryness.
afforded,
If

remain until

and then left until the moss again shows signs of in doubt whether a plant is sufficiently dry to water, let it the following day that is to say, never give a little water
;

because the plant

is

not dry enough to thoroughly water.

of

Masdevallias, the repotting

which may and should now be done

and they should be attended
a mixture of peat and
to

without delay (excepting those

in flower,

when they have done blooming).

equal parts,
half
fill

moderately firm only.

for the stronger

moss in the pots with drainage, and press the compost Some growers use a small quantity of fibrous loam
Pot
in

growing kinds such as M. Harryana, but it is not really necessary. The small-growing kinds are best suspended in pans or baskets, or if in pots they must be well up to the light. Masdevallias, according to my

experience, should be kept as cool and as moist as possible during

summer,

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

but during winter the

175

temperature which suits the ordinary cool-house

for

Orchids

is

about 5 degrees too cold

them.

M. ephippium (Trochilus),

M.

tovarensis, and the

Chimera

section of Masdevallias, are best

All of

grown

in intermediate

a liberal

given to

them delight in supply of water during the growing season, and if new material is the roots at least once in two years successful cultivation is assured.
temperature the whole year round.
little

Along with the Masdevallias the pretty

very freely,
if

Sophronitis grandiflora grows

is

placed in small pans, and this

the right time to give

new

No good
to

purpose can be served by keeping Cattleya gigas dry

freely after this date.
If

in order

make

it

bloom more

the young growths have

in

not already the flowering sheaths formed within, no drying

the world will

produce them now, and the plants

to assist the building this species,
like

may

therefore be freely watered in order

It

up of strong pseudobulbs.

frequently happens that

others of the same genus, produces (lowers without a

sheath, whilst, on the other hand, a sheath

may

be formed and

fail

to

bloom,

but these are exceptions and not the rule.

Cattleya

Rex should

this

year show

its

true character, and

we

shall then

prove that

it

is

a very

that will bloom this

as

and perhaps, out of the many year, something startling may turn up more especially
variable
species,
;

the

new pseudobulbs
It

will in

imported ones.

grows best

some instances be equal in size to the near the glass in the warmest department.

may be done when

It

new growths are starting, or it may also be the flowering period is over. The beautiful Cattleya Dowiana aurea should by this time have had all necessary work done in the way of
repotted

when

the

repotting.

This species amply repays a little extra attention to grow it well. It should have a place at the warmest end of the Cattleya house, both when growing and when at rest, even the coolest and most airy part of the

warmest house

is

not too

warm

for

it.

Cattleya Lawrenceana should be

repotted now, and requires the same treatment as the last named. An amateur asks " when to repot Lselia purpurata." This lovely species
is

now making
is

a great show, though, unfortunately, the flowers are of comIt

paratively short duration.

may

be repotted any time during this month,

and
for

grown in pots sphagnum moss in equal

best
it.

half filled with drainage, in a

parts.

compost
is

of peat

and

Intermediate temperature

most suitable

After flowering

is

the proper time to repot most Orchids, but there

are a few exceptions, and these are the late-summer or autumn-flowering

kinds, such as Cattleya

Bowringiana, C. labiata, Laelia pumila (Cattleya

marginata), Odontoglossum grande, and

some

others

also

some

of

the
It

Oncidiums.
is

Such kinds should be

left

until spring

and then repotted.

exceedingly bad practice to disturb Orchids late in the

summer and autumn.

176

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

is

Odontoglossum crispum (Alexandra)

this should not be
I

the latest to be molested, and even

done

after

September,

am

also asked " the best

way
these

to establish

newly imported Odonto-

glossum Alexandra."
or

When

are

purchased they are often in a

careful treatment is necessary
;

desperately shrivelled condition, and a

little

There must be no delay neither must there be undue haste. All the dead and useless matter should be trimmed off, and the plants placed on a layer of sphagnum moss on the stage in the coolhouse, in an upright position. The moss must be kept moist, but it is best
not recover.
in,

many may

not to wet the plants themselves until reaction has set

when they
the plants

will

become plump and push out new

roots.

When this happens

may

The plan of placing newly imported Orchids under the stages, or hanging them up head downwards and syringing them, cannot be too strongly condemned. The system above recommended can be relied upon as being the best way to establish all
be potted and treated in the usual manner.

happens that the foliage of any survives the journey, and especially of those where it is thick and persistent, such as Cattleyas and Laelias, every effort should be made to preserve
it
it,

species of Orchids.

When

as the foliage
it

is

a great source of strength.

matter

is

well, in addition to setting the plants

for the first

And to assist in this on damp moss without

few days by placing on

delay, to

protect from strong light

Dendrobium Bensonise, now

as regards culture
it

in flower, is

second to none

in beauty, but
It

is,

perhaps, one of the most disappointing.

or baskets, and

should
hottest

be grown in very small pans

possible

suspended
to avoid

in the

part

of the
its

house, and watered very sparingly.

This Orchid

which it must then also be grown hot and dry. Dendrobium aggregatum is another Orchid requiring the same treatment also Diacrium (Epidendrum) bicornutum, which is now in bloom. Epidendrum Parkinsonianum is another
generally receives

death-blow during the winter,

which delights
the

in

such a position as advised for Oncidium splendidum, and

said of the genus Brassavola.

same may be
This
is

a good season to repot

Ada

aurantiaca.
like

It

may

be grown with

the cool Orchids during summer, but,

the Masdevallias, requires a

warmer winter temperature, for if kept too cool the leaves turn a sickly tint and becomes badly spotted, and this should be avoided if possible, as they
frequently then die off very rapidly.

Red
leaves

spider will probably give

some
it

trouble now, principally

amongst the

Dendrobiums.

Where

traces of

are found

and

it

may

be detected by the

showing a whitish appearance on the under surface the leaves should occasionally be sponged, either with clear water or some diluted
insecticide
;

but by

all

means avoid syringing the

it

foliage with insecticide,

as the force produced causes

to

penetrate the leaves, thus producing

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

177

DENDROBIUM CRASSINODI-WARDIANUM AND ITS PARENTS.

The
annexed figure represents the handsome natural hybrid Dendrobium

x crassinodi-Wardianum, and its parents, taken from plants which flowered in the collection of Mr. James Crispin, F.R.H.S., at Fishponds, near Bristol, last spring. The history of this interesting hybrid was given at
p.

175 of our last volume, and

it

it

is

unnecessary to repeat here, beyond

stating that

has appeared on several occasions

D. Wardianum, from Burma, and that

among importations D. crassinode is known to grow

of
in

Dendrobium

crassinode (Fig. 17)

is

well

known by

its

short pendulous

medium-sized white flowers with stems with much swollen large yellow disc without any brown spots. purple-tipped segments, and a longer stems, only slightly swollen D. Wardianum (Fig. iS) has much similar in colour, but with the the nodes, and large flowers, somewhat at
nodes, and
blotches near the base of the lip. addition of a pair of brown eye-like (Fig. 19) combines well the characters of crassinodi-Wardianum

D. x

11

178

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

most resembles D. Wardianum, but the pseudobulbs are more swollen and closer together. The
it

the two parent species. the nodes of

In habit

flowers are nearly intermediate in character, as is well shown in the figure, the segments being a little shorter than in D. Wardianum, and the lip

having a pair of smaller brown blotches near the base. It originally appeared as long ago as 1879, four years after the Burmese form of D.

Wardianum was introduced to cultivation by Messrs. Hugh Low and Co. The flower here photographed is from a plant which, as in preceding cases,
appeared quite accidentally
character on flowering.

among D. Wardianum,

but revealed

its

true

The photograph was

kindly sent by Mr. Crispin.

PHAL^NOPSIS TETRASPIS.
This beautiful white Phalasnopsis, so much like P. speciosa in shape, seems to succeed well at Kew, where several plants are now flowering, one

them bearing three spikes. One spike has five flowers. If the plants ever become strong enough to produce the strong branched spikes seen in
of

wild specimens

it

will certainly be a very effective thing.

It

is

perhaps a

question of time, as both leaves and spikes

may grow much

larger

when

the

become older. Such a plant volume would create a sensation if

plants

as that recorded at p. 209 of our last

it

could be grown in England, and

would be worth a pilgrimage to

see.

ORCHID PORTRAITS.
Brassia Lawrenceana. Gard. Mag., May 5th, pp. 247, 248, with Cattleya Rex.Revue Hort., May 16th, p. 228, with plate.
fig.

Cattleya Triage Schrceder.e. Gard. World,

565, with
fig.

April

28th, pp.

564,

Ccelogyne Mossle, Rolfe.Journ.

fi g-

of Hort.,

May

10th, pp. 364, 365,

59-

Cypripedium x Adrastus. Gard. Mag., April 28th, p. 232, with fig. Cypripedium x Annie Measures. A fine hybrid derived from bellatulum ? and C Dayanum t, which was raised by Messrs. F. Sander

and Co.,

St.

Albans, and flowered in the collection of R.

I.

Measures, Esq.,
,

Cambridge Lodge, Cambervvell.-JW,,. Hort., May

Gard. Mag.,
fig.

May

19th,

p.

278, with

fig.

3rd, p. 337 fig. 55; Gard. Chron., May 26th, p. 657,

81.

Cypripedium x Calypso, Oakwood VAR.Reichenbachia,

t.

part 8, p. 69,

77.

Cypripedium x Klotzschiaxum, Rchb. L-Gard. Chron., May

625,
fig.

19th, p.

78.


THE ORCHID REVIEW.
CYPRIPEDIUM X MACROCHILIA GIGANTBUM.Gatd. Ml-., May
p.
i

79

I3tfa,

265, with

fig.

Journ. of Hort.

May

17th, pp. 386, ^$7,

fig.

62.

Cypripedium x Mastersianum, Rchb. f.Gard.

P- 593,
fig- 74-

Chron.,

May

12th,

DendROBIUM CHRYSANTHUM.
Lowe, gardener
to

fine

specimen, grown by Mr. Frank

Park,

the

Marquis of

Downshire, Easthampstead
fig.

Wokingham. Gard.
fig.

Chron.,

May

5th, pp. 564, 565, of Hort.,

71.

DENDROBIUM X DELLENSE.JoUm.
61.

May

Ijth, pp. 379, 386,

Dendrobium x Euryalus.Joum.
fig.

of Hort., April 26th, pp. 315,323,

52.

Dendrobium glomeratum, Rolfe. Gard

fig.

Chron.

May

24th,

p.

053,

80.

Epidendrum
fig-

Ellisii, Rolfe.Joum. of Hort., April 20th, pp. 322,

s^j,,

53-

Eulophiella Elisabeth^.Xeuberfs

Gart. Ma-., January, p.

8, p. 77,
t.

2,

t.

1.

Lissochilus giganteus, Wehv.Releheubaehia, part

8.0.

Masdevallia Chimuka var. Mooreaxa.

ground.
Reichenbachia, part
8, p. 71, t. 78.

variety with deep yellow

Phal.exopsis Stuartiaxa. The Garden, May

19th, p. 426, with

fig.
t.

Warscewiczella Wailesiana. The

Garden,

May

12th, p. 336,

961.

NOTICE OF BOOK.
A
Manual
Orchidaceous Plants Cultivated under Glass in Gnat Britain. of Part X. General Review of the Orchidea. James Veitch and Sons,

Royal Exotic Nursery, Chelsea.

Preceding parts of this highly meritorious work have been noticed columns, hence it is unnecessary to say anything as to its scope and
Suffice
it

in

our

detail.

to say that the part

now

issued,
It

which completes the work,

is

fully

maintains the same high standard.

devoted to a general review

;

Homologies Order, and treats of the Morphology of Orchid flowers of the Orchid flowers; Teratology of Orchids, by Dr. Maxwell T. Masters; of
Vegetative
structure
;

Minute structure

Fertilisation

Hybridisation

Geographical distribution and climatology, illustrated with two maps showtemperature and rainfall; Classification; A Retrospect of Orchid ing
Culture
;

Orchid Amateurs

of the past

Some

results of the Hybridisation

Literature and Glossary of technical terms, most of the articles of Orchids ; It concludes with a scheme for binding the work illustrated. being profusely
in

two volumes, and an Index of Genera

it

for each,

though the separate

pagination of each part renders

somewhat

difficult to use.

Those who

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

will probably not regret
it.

have had their parts bound separately

is

Part X.

full

of highly interesting
it

future reference, and

and readable matter, which will be useful for must surely have been an oversight that there is

neither an Index to this particular part, nor yet a list of the headings of "chapters," as we may term them. The omission renders this part more difficult to consult than preceding ones. However, this and other matters

probably be remedied in a future edition. Messrs. Veitch are to be congratulated on the completion of this important work, which we recommend to our readers with the greatest confidence.
will

THE MANCHESTER SHOW.

Royal Botanical and Horticultural Society of Manchester, which was held at The Gardens, Old Trafford, on May nth, and five following days, was a highly successful The one. Orchids occupied the greater part of the large Exhibition-house, and made a most brilliant display; and as this building is heated up to greenhouse temperature there is no risk to the health of the plants if the weather is cold, as sometimes occurs at this season.
of the

The Annual Whitsuntide Show

The
for

first

prize for the best

J.

secured by

W.

Miscellaneous Collection of Orchids was Thompson, Esq., Walton Grange, Stone (gr. Mr. Stevens),

an excellent and tastefully arranged group, in which were many fine Odontoglossums, as 0. x Ruckerianum, a large, richly coloured, and wellflowered plant, the rare O. Schillerianum, O. hystrix, a wonderfully fine

x Coradinei, the charming O. naevium, O. triumphans, O. x Wilckeanum, some good forms of O. crispum, a fine O. x elegans and its two parents Hallii and cirrhosum, and others. The group also contained some good Cattleya Mendelii and Mosstae, C. Skinned alba, C. intermedia alba y and C. Aclandise a fine specimen of Dendrobium Bensonise, many good D. Phalsenopsis, D. Parishii, some forms of Masdevallia Harryana, and other Orchids. F. Hardy, Esq., Ashton-on-Mersey (gr. Mr. S afford), came
O.
;

second with a large group, artistically arranged in clumps and on pedestals, with small vistas between, at the end of the building. It included many good forms of Odontoglossum crispum, a very fine O. nebulosum with a seven-flowered raceme, O. hystrix, O. citrosmum, O. Hallii, O. x Andersoni-

anum, a good Dendrobium Dearei, D. Devonianum, D.

good
Chysis bractescens, Cattleya
others.
citrina,

nobile,

several

Miltonia

Roezlii,

E. Ashworth, Esq., Harefield Hall, Mr. Stafford), secured the third prize with a group which contained many good things, including L^lia grandis, some excellent Cattleya Schrcedera, some splendidly grown and flowered plants of Dendrobium Dearii, Oncidium sphacelatum and ampliatum, the graceful Brassia verrucosa, Ccelogyne Dayana, Cypripediums hirsutissimum, bellatulum, and niveum, the latter

Lowianum, and

Cymbidium Wilmslow (gr.

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

-particularly

181

good,

Vanda

suavis,

Cattleya

Mendelii

and Mossiee,

L?elia

purpurata, and others.

In a similar Class for Nurserymen, Mr. James Cypher, Cheltenham, took the first prize with a well-grown lot, which included a fine Oncidium
cucullatum,
also

O.

Marshallianum

and
fine

concolor,

both very effective,

Masdevallia Veitchiana and Harryana, a

Odontoglossum polyxanthum,

some good

O.

x Wilckeanum

also fine forms of the usual

common

things,

as Lgelia purpurata, Cattleyas, &c.

Messrs. Heath and Son, of Cheltenham,

included Cattleya Mendelii Hardyana, a
its

were a good second.

The group

superb form, C. Skinneri, crowded with

also

beautiful rosy flowers, Odonto-

glossum citrosmum, Cypripedium Chamberlainianum, and C. x Swinburnei,

many

other good things.

of Cattleyas

and Lselias a Silver Cup was offered by Joseph Broome, Esq., Chairman of the Council, which was won by Mr.

For the best collection

James Cypher, with an

rata Russelliana,

excellent group, including Lselia grandis, L. purpu-

and others, Cattleya Warned, intermedia, Skinneri, &c. T. Statter, Esq., Stand Hall, Whitefield (gr. Mr. Johnson), was second with a good lot, among which the dark-lipped Laslia purpurata Lindeniana and
Laelio-cattleya

x Schilleriana Statteriana stood out conspicuously. The Silver Cup presented by William Stones, Esq., for the best

collec(gr.

tion of Cypripediums,

was secured by W. R. Lee,

Esq.,

Audenshaw

Mr.

good plants, including a fine C. Rothschildianum, ciliolare, Exul, Argus, Curtisii, the hybrids C. x Goweri (Curtisii x Lawrenceanum), x macropterum, x Southgatense, x selligerum, and
Billington), with twenty-seven
others, also

Selenipedium caudatum Wallisii.

T.

Statter,

Esq.,

came

second with C. Exul, X

Daviesianum, x

Pitcherianum, x vernixium, the

x Dominianum and S. caudatum atratum, with dark stain round the mouth of the lip. Mr. J. Cypher was third with a large group, including C. concolor, Selenipedium x Schroederae
beautiful C. spectabile, also Selenipedium

and many familiar forms.

For Dendrobiums, a Silver Cup was presented by the late George Hardy, Esq., which fell to Mr. J. Cypher, whose group included a fine D. Dalhousie-

anum, thyrsiflorum, Parishii, the rare D. sulcatum, crystallinum, Bensoniae, moschatum, tortile, aggregatum, Phalaenopsis, &c. Mrs. Hodgkinson, High Lawn, Bowdon, took the second prize, her group including D. x Venus, a finely-flowered D. lituiflorum, D. Devonianum, D. Falconeri, D. nobile, and

Cup was offered by T. Statter, Orchids, which was won by E. Ashworth,

Silver

Esq., for fifteen Miscellaneous

Esq., with a splendid Dendro-

bium Dearei bearing fourteen spikes, a some good Cattleyas and La-lias, and other

fine

pan of Cypripedium niveum,

things.

W.

R. Lee, Esq., took the

second prize, his group including the rare and beautiful Dendrobium atroviolaceum, Laelio-cattleya x Phoebe, Maxillaria Sanderiana, &c.

82

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

A
Silver

Cup was

offered

by

J.

Galloway, Esq.,
Messrs.

J. P.,

for ten

bona fide Cattleya

specimens, which was secured by

also C.

Heath

and

Son.

Skinneri, nearly a yard across and covered with flowers,

was

especially fine,

Lavrenceanum. Other noticeable plants were C. Mendelii, Laelia purpurata, Cymbidium Lowianum, and Miltonia Roezlii. Mrs. Hodgkinson was second with a good group of well-known things.

The Silver Cup given by John Wainright, Esq., J. P., for twenty specimen Orchids, fell to H. Shaw, Esq., Ashton-under-Lyne (gr. Mr. Smith), for
an excellent group.
Messrs. John Linden and Son, Brussels, offered a Silver
four

Cup

for twenty-

Odontoglossum crispum, which was won by F. Hardy, Esq. W. J. Thompson, Esq., took the second prize, the third going to W. R. Lee, Esq.

Each group contained some good forms. T. Statter, Esq., won the Silver Cup given by Mrs. Vickers
collection of

for the best

Hybrid Orchids raised from seed, with Cypripedium X and Selenipedium x Schrcederse splendens, both very fine.

Aylingii.

Four large and

effective

groups were staged not

very
briefly.

for competition,

which

we have only space

to

note

Each contained many good

Cattleyas and Laelias, Odontoglossums, Cypripediums, Miltonia vexillaria,

Cymbidium Lowianum, and

other showy Orchids which are invariably in

evidence at this season, and which must be dismissed with this general
Messrs. B. S. Williams and Son, Upper Holloway, contributed a splendid group. Specially noticeable were the very fine Vanda teres, the white

Odontoglossum citrosmum album, and the very deep rosy purple O. c. Owenianum, a beautiful O. x elegans, O. triumphans aureum, Edwardii and
xanthoglossum, the brilliant Ada aurantiaca, the rare Bollea Patinii, Ccelogyne pandurata and tomentosa, Oncidium concolor, sarcodes, and Marshallianum, all very fine, Maxillaria Sanderiana, &c.
Hallii

Messrs. Charlesworth, Shuttleworth and Co., Heaton, Bradford, staged

a brilliant group,

including Odontoglossum

ramosissimum, the
sarcodes,
others.

fine

O.

crispum apiculatum, O. polyxanthum, O. x Coradinei, and O. x Andersonia-

num, Oncidiums macranthum, Marshallianum,

cornigerum,
Maxillaria

concolor,

and

Sanderiana,

and

omit a very distinct Vanda, provisionally to V. ccerulea, which may be a natural hybrid.
Messrs.

many named

Nor must we

V. Charlesworthii, allied

W.

L. Lewis and Co., Southgate, had a very effective group,

including the

new

Microstylis Scottii, the brilliant hybrid Cypripediums,

Smithii, Cattleya Schiller-

Winifred Hollington and x Aylingii, also C. x

iana,

&c, &c. Messrs. Cowan,

of Liverpool, also staged a fine group, including Miltonia

Phalsenopsis, Ladia majalis,

Dendrobium bigibbum, Oncidum

sarcodes, and

THE ORCHID RE JEW.

I

183

F. Hardy, Esq., sent a

with a single giant flower,

Mossise Reineckiana.
Lastly,

Dendrobium Wardianum, not for competition, and E. Ash worth, Esq., four plants of Cattleya

we may
in

note a very fine specimen of Dendrobium fimbriatum

oculatum,

the second prize collection of Stove and Greenhouse Plants

It

won by Miss Lord, Ashton-on-Mersey.

full of flower.

was nearly

a yard across and

ORCHIDS AT THE ANTWERP INTERNATIONAL

EXHIBITION.

from

May

13th to 15th, was a great success

in

every respect.

His Majesty

the King of the Belgians honoured the Exhibition with his presence, and

expressed his entire satisfaction with the marvellous display.

The

section devoted to Orchids, with which

in

we

are alone concerned,

was

remarkable

every respect for their number, their value, and for their

variety, rarity,

and novelty.
It

Never
fill

in

Belgium were these beautiful exotics

of the

better represented.

would

number
the

Orchid Review

to give

a complete account of them.

The
to

prize given by

Her Majesty

Queen

of the Belgians

was awarded
of

the splendid

general collection staged

by M.

Charles

Vuylsteke,

Loochristy.

We

may

note Odontoglossum expansum, excessively rare and

;

worthy

of
;

admiration

0.

mulus Holfordianum, also very rare and

;

beautiful

0. eximia, a superb and unique plant

O. nobilior, one of the

;

rarest of Odontoglossums, with the colour wonderfully developed

the rare

Miltonia
hybridist
;

Bleuana, obtained by M. A. Bleu, the celebrated Parisian Empress Augusta Victoria, with large and and Miltonia
coloured
flowers.
varieties.

splendidly

This

admirable

collection

included

150

distinct species

and

Bruges, carried off the prize given by M. Gustave Yincke-Dujardin, of can we choose among a collection which How the City of Antwerp. number ? We renounce the task as too heavy. exceeded three hundred in admirable dark-coloured variety, Laslia purpuHowever, we must cite the
rata Souvenir de 1'Exposition d'Anvers
;

the numerous Odontoglossums

;

of

inestimable price of this incomparable collection

the 0. crispum Souvenir

;

enchanting beauty another O. crispum de Scheepsdaele, a spotted variety of such superb Lselias, ranging in defying description. Never have we seen
darkest tints. And the Cattleyas and colour from the purest whites to the admirable health and freshness, ho\ other splendid Orchids in

they were

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

The Gold Medal
offered by

M. Henri Vanderlinden was unanimously awarded to M. Alfred Van Imschoot. His collection included about three hundred different species, and presented a great botanical value, as it gave
an excellent idea of the great variety of form and colour
family.
of
in this

immense

Some

of

them deserve mention because

of the excellent condition

some

nobile,

which had long been expanded, as Dendrobium Ccelogyne cristata, a very remarkable variety cf Cattleya Trian<e,

of the flowers

and Maxillaria luteo-alba. As forms of transcendent merit we may note the superb example of Brassia Keiliana, with thirty racemes a well-coloured Miltonia vexillaria, Mormodes luxatum eburneum with a splendid raceme of flowers which were spotted inside with dark purple Lycaste fulvescens
; ;

with thirty flowers

Laslia

the beautiful Cattleya Schilleriana

the very curious

;

Dayana

the very rare

Epidendrum pseudo-Epidendrum
;

a very fine
;

Odontoglossum polyxanthum the rare Trichopilia marginata a charming Odontoglossum ramosissimum and the very rare Trichopilia Wageneri. Some species were of botanical interest, as Bulbophyllum platyrhachis, of
;

unparalleled singularity

Ornithidium Sophronitis, and Hartwegia purpurea.

M. A.

Peeters, of Brussels, carried off the prize for twenty-five species

;

and varieties of cool Orchids the gold medal given by M. D. Massange de Louvrex for twenty flowering Orchids and the first prize for twelve large specimens of Orchids in flower. We restrict ourselves to citing the most
;

remarkable among these beautiful species and varieties. These are Miltonia x Bleuana, the splendid acquisition obtained by M. Bleu, of Paris, from M. vexillaria fertilised with the pollen of M. Roezlii, which fortunate
:

cross yielded the marvellous Orchid

which renders him

a just tribute of

homage.

Among

the Odontoglossums

we may mention
; ;

the beautiful

Andersonianum sulphureum and superbum O x Ruckeri purpureum, whose general colour is a beautiful rosy purple superb inflorescences of O.
Hallii
;

a beautiful Masdevallia Veitchiana grandiflora with at least thirty

flowers

and buds; magnificent plants of Epidendrum Wallisii and E.

;

Oncidium macranthum carrying forty flowers and buds; Cattleya Mossiae and C. M. Reineckiana, and the rare Pescatorea Klabochorum. M. Florent Pauwels, of Antwerp, obtained a legitimate success with
and varied Orchids, comprising some large and strong plants, and other smaller, rarer, and more valuable ones. Among the most
beautiful

Frederici-Guilielmi

a well-flowered

many

we may note Oncidium ampliatum majus, Milteak vexillaria, Dendrobium Dalhousieanum, Odontoglossum Hallii with five racemes; Selenipedium caudatum with ten flowers; a large and beautiful Ansellia africana magnificent Vanda insignis, V. tricolor, V. suavis, and
:

deserving of our attention

enormous plants of Cypripedium villosum aureum, C. Boxallii, and C. x nitens Dendrobium macrochilum with five racemes, &c. In a pretty collection of Cypripediums from the same zealous amateur
s.

V.

Rollissoni;

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

Boxallii atratum,

185

were, C. niveum, bellatulum, Mastersianum, Lowii,

MM.

and Selenipedium x Sedeni candidulum. Jonssens et Vincent had some good Orchids.

Their group of

Odontoglossum crispum contained some select varieties. M. le Baron de Baetzelaer exhibited a colossal plant of Oncidium sphacelatum with forty inflorescences and thousands of flowers. M. Jos. Moens, of Lede, sent forty Cypripediums, of the most select species and hybrids. M. Jules Hye-Leysen sent an immense Laelia purpurata covered with

X Hippolyta, Cypripedium X Albertianum and Odontoglossum X Cavallianum, three hybrids which received the compretty flowers.
Lselio-cattleya

We may

also

call

attention
lot

to

the Orchids

sent

by Dr. Capart, of

Odontoglossums of M. D. Massange de Louvrex, and conclude by hoping that the Antwerp Exhibition will tend to expand the taste for Orchids, already so pronounced in Belgium.
Brussels; the immense
of

ORCHIDS AT THE
The

ROYAL HORTICULTURAL
SOCIETY.

meeting of the Royal Horticultural Society, held at the Drill Hall, James Street, Victoria Street, Westminster, on May 8, was overshadowed

by the near approach of the great Temple Show, and the Orchids showed a considerable falling off in point of numbers, though some very interesting
exhibits were staged.

The

President, Sir Trevor Lawrence, Burford, Dorking

for

(gr.

Mr.

W.

H.

White), received an Award of Merit

Botanical Certificate for

Dendrobium cretaceum, and a the singular Catasetum Rodigasianum var. teneof Masdevallia
c.

brosum.

He

also sent

Cycnoches ventricosum, good plants

caudata Shuttleworthii and M.

flowers),

xanthocorys 'each with about twenty

Cattleya Mossiaa Wageneri, Laelia purpurata, and the splendid

L. p. nobilior.

Baron Sir H. Schroder, The Dell, Egham gr. Mr. H. Ballantine), exhibited two beautiful Dendrobiums, D. nobile Schrcederianum and D. X dellense (D. nobile Schrcederianum % x D. x splendidissimum t), both of
which received First-class
J.

Certificates.
Hill,

Broome, Esq., Sunny

Llandudno

(gr.

Mr.

Shill), sent a flower of

Cattleya Mossise conspicua, a large and richly coloured form. Butt, Esq., Arle Court, Cheltenham (gr. Mr. Marsh), sent a T. P. W.
splendid branched spike of Oncidium Marshallianum.

Crawshay, Esq., Rosefield, Sevenoaks (gr. Mr. S. Cooke), exhibited several plants of Odontoglossum triumphans, showing a consider-

De

Barri

Ij>6

THE ORCHID REVIEW,

amount
of variation.

Crawshay, a form with very broad segments of clear yellow, regularly banded with light reddish brown, which received an Award of Merit. He also sent a very fine 0. Hallii, a good Laelio-cattleya x Schilleriana, and Vanda suavis
Rosefield variety, which latter received a First-class Certificate.

able

The

best

was

called Lionel

Dorking (gr. Mr. Mastertonj, exhibited Chysis bractescens and Odontoglossum Pescatorei, Hazelbourne variety, a large and beautiful form, the sepals slightly tinged with purple and the petals profusely spotted with violet-purple on their lower halves.
Measures, Esq., Cambridge Lodge, Camberwell (gr. Mr. Chapman), exhibited the rare Masdevallia marginella and Bifrenaria inodora, the latter
I.

Welbore

S.

Ellis,

Esq.,

Hazelbourne,

R.

receiving a Botanical Certificate.

F.

W.

Moore,

Esq.,

Royal

Botanic
p.

Gardens,
of

Glasnevin,
last

sent

the

remarkable Coryanthes Wolfii (see ard of Meri

varieties of Masdevallia

264

our

volume), which

A. H. Smee, Esq.,

The Grange, Wallington

(gr.

Mr. Cummins), showed

Phaius Sanderianus.

Walker, Esq., Percy Lodge, Winchmore Hill (gr. Mr. Cragg), sent a yellow tinted Odontoglossum cirrhosum, Cattleya Mendelii Morganise, and a well-grown Cattleya Lawrenceana, with twenty-one flowers,
C.

W.

which received a Cultuial Commendation. H. Wheetman, Esq., The Hawthorns, Little Heywood, Stafford, sent Dendrobium Dalhousieanum, D. Devonianum candidulum, and a good Phaius Sanderianus.
Messrs.

James Veitch
f),

and

Sons,

Royal

Exotic
(S.

Nursery,

Chelsea,

exhibited Selenipedium x macrochilum giganteum

x
S.

caudatum Lindeni

an unusually large form, which deservedly received a First-class Certificate the very interesting Disa langleyensis (D. racemosa $ x D. tripetaloides $), a pale rose form with spotted galea, about
;

x grande

twice the size of the pollen parent, which received an Masdevallia x caudato-Estradae, and M. x Parlatoreana.

Award

of Merit

and Co., Heaton, Bradford, exhibited Odontoglossum polyxanthum, O. crispum heatonense, a purple-spotted variety; a good white O. crispum, and 0. c. apiculatum a fine white form with a
single large

Messrs. Charlesworth

cinnamon blotch on the

lip

and each

of the three sepals

which

an Award of Merit. Messrs. T. Cripps and Co., Tunbridge Wells, showed a small group of well-grown Orchids, including Dendrobium Dearei, with four spikes, and
latter received

several Cypripediums, including C. Druryi.

Lewis and Co., Chase Side, Southgate, showed the pretty Warscewiczella Wailesiana and Microstylis Scottii, the latter receiving a
L.

Messrs.

W.

Botanical Certificate.

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

187

Messrs. B. S. Williams and Son, Upper Holloway, exhibited Odonto-

triumphans atratum, with flowers curiously banded with dark chestnut-

THE TEMPLE SHOW.

In spite
preceded
of the
it,

sudden

spell of

unseasonably cold weather which immediately

Inner Temple Gardens was certainly a
finer,

and the wet of the opening day, the Seventh Annual Show of
at the

Royal Horticultural Society

highly successful one.

Fortunately, the two remaining days were

visitors.

and

on each day there was a large concourse of

The

extension of the
successful,

Show over a

third day

was an experiment which we hope has been

exposure
at

so far as the coffers of the Society are concerned, though there

was some
such

apprehension as

to the effect of a third day's

in the tents in

unseasonably cold weather.

exhibited on the last two

The Orchids were

occasions, which
is

least

equal to those

saying a great deal, and

less

owing
In

to the provision of a little

more space were rather

crowded than
year,

its

broad features the

Show much resembled

in
detail.

that of last

several of the old exhibitors occupying the

there were

many

differences

same spaces, though naturally Cypripediums we fancied were

good, and a few choice, forms

rather less prominent than usual, but

many

were

to be

seen, notably the beautiful albino of C. cailosum exhibited by

Messrs. Sander.

We

were also a

little

surprised to find no single entry for

Memorial Medal offered for the best group of these plants. the Williams' common showy Orchids were well represented in nearly every Many of the Cattleyas Mossia? and Mendelii, Lselia purpurata, Odontogroup, such as
glossum crispum
in

variety,

and

Miltonia vexillaria;
vitellinum,

also

Cymbidium

Lowianum,

Cattleya Skinneri,

Epidendrum

Oncidiums Marshal-

ampliatum, Odontoglossums triumphans, Pescatorei, lianum, concolor, and of 0. x Andersonianum, together with a few other and the various forms
things, were pretty generally represented. Baron Sir Henry Schroder, The Dell,

Egham

(gr.

Mr. H. Ballantine),

and valuable group (not for competition), with thirty feet, and very tastefully arranged, the centre being a frontage of One remarkable feature was a a fine group of Vanda teres. occupied by of choice varieties of the charming Odontoglossum crispum, of fine series
staged an exceedingly rich

which four received the

award

of First-class Certificates,

namely 0.

c.

The beautiful O. x AnderRex, xanthotes, and Wolstenholmiae. excelsior, superbum and 0. triumphans, Dell variety, also received similar sonianum
awards.

O. crispum Bonnyanum, which bore a twelve-flowered spike, and

Several plants of 0. x
of nineteen flowers,

O.

c.

Chestertoni were also extremely beautiful.

excellens were included, one of

them bearing a spike

i?.S

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

and another, with longer and narrower segments, as many as fourteen. Other fine Odontoglossums were, 0. Pescatorei leucoxanthum, 0. x Ruckerianum with much-branched spike of richly-coloured flowers, O. ramosissimum, O. x elegans, 0. cirrhosum, O. Hallii bearing a sixteenflowered spike, and the rare and very beautiful O. x Horsmanii.

On

the

second day was added a remarkable and richly-coloured natural hybrid, perhaps nearest to O. x Coradinei, whose flowers were only just expanding. The collection also contained fine specimens of Vanda tricolor, Lselia purpurata, Selenipedium x grande and S. x Schrcederae (both very fine), Epidendrum prismatocarpum, Maxillaria praestans, Dendrobium Dearei,

Cypripedium Lawrenceanum, with twelve flowers richly suffused with purple on the dorsal sepal, a large Masdevallia ignea covered with flowers and quite a picture, U. Wageneriana, M. hieroglyphica, and many fine forms of
Cattleya Mendelii, Mossiae, &c.

Cut flowers were also shown of Cypripedium

Lawrenceanum Hyeanum,

C. Stonei platytaenium, a very fine C. Sanderia-

num, many Cattleya Mossiae Wageneri, the beautiful Phalamopsis x John Leden, and others. Last, but not least, must be mentioned the superb
specimen of Coelogyne Dayana, with twenty-four racemes and 930 flowers, which is even finer than when exhibited a year ago a marvel of good
culture.

Trevor Lawrence, Bart., Burford, Dorking contributed a brilliant group of similar extent (not
Sir also contained a

(gr.

Mr.

W. H.

White),

for competition),

which

number

of botanical rarities for

which

this collection is

famous.
with
with
its

Among

these were the

remarkable Bulbophyllum barbigerum

Microstylis

feather-like mobile lip, the pretty Australian Sarcochilus Fitzgeraldi

white and

pink flowers,

with

marbled

leaves

and

unusually large flowers, Geodorum Augusti, Angrsecum arcuatum, Cleisos-

toma

and two fine clumps of the singular British Neottia Nidus-avis from the woods at Burford. Here was the charming Cochlioda Noetzliana with twenty-one flowers on a branched spike, a good Masdevallia rosea with over twenty flowers, M. x splendida, a fine Odontoglossum crispum with fourteen flowers on the spike, O. x Wiickeanum
crassifolium,

Dendrobiums Maccarthiae, polyphloebium, Jamesianum and secundum, Aerides Houlletianum, Fieldingii and Savageanum, Stauropsis lissochiloides, Anguloa Ruckeri, Oncidium lamelligerum, Epidendrumarachnoglossum and Frederici-Guilielmi, Cypripedium x conco-Lawre with two-flowered spike, the fine C. x Eleanor (C. x selligerum majus x C. superbiens), Cattleya Schilleriana, a very Mossiae fine
eleven,

with

C.

Wageneri, and a large number of showy Orchids in good varieties. The Duke of Northumberland, Syon House, Brentford (gr. Mr. G. Wythes), staged a neat and effective group, to which a Silver Cup was
awarded.
It

consisted

chiefly of

well-grown plants of the usual showy

Orchids, and included

Vanda

teres,

Cyrtopodium punctatum, Oncidium

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

i8g

sphacelatum, Cymbidium Lowianum, Cattleya Skinneri and other good Cattleyas, Odontoglossums, &c.

Welbore
a

S.

Ellis,

Esq.,

Hazelbourne,

Dorking

(gr.

Mr.

Masterton).
It

staged a fine group, to which a Silver

Cup was awarded.

contained

Odontoglossum crispum, three of them bearing spikes with thirteen flowers, and several very prettily marked, a capital plant of O. X Coradinei with five spikes and an aggregate of fifty-eight
x Ruckerianum, O. x Andersonianum, Hazelbourne variety, with broad segments, O. citrosmum, a good Oncidium concolor,
flowers, a

number

of good forms of

good 0.

the rare

Cymbidium tigrinum with

Miltonia

six

spikes

charming

Warscewiczii

with

and sixteen flowers, the twenty flowers, Cypripedium

Chamberlainianum, and various other showy Orchids. F. Hardy, Esq., Tyntesfield, Ashton-on-Mersey (gr. Mr. Safford), contributed a few excellent specimens, for which a Silver Cup was awarded. Laelia purpurata Hardyana was a noble specimen of a richly-coloured

which was awarded a Cultural Commendation; Cattleya Mossiae was also a gigantic plant loaded with flowers and C. Skinneri had eight flowers on one spike. The others were, Phalaenopsis speciosa, Hardy's
variety,
;

variety, of a peculiar

brownish purple colour, the beautiful Odontoglossum crispum Bonnyanum, and Cypripedium bellatulum, Hardy's variety, which
First-class Certificate.

received a

This had light-yellow flowers, veined

for a

and spotted with purple-brown, and a white lip with a few spots. Messrs. F. Sander and Co., St. Albans, received a Silver Cup
large and magnificent group, containing several sterling novelties.

First

and foremost we may name the beautiful Cypripedium callosum Sanderae, an albino, having white flowers striped with emerald-green, but more
graceful in shape than C.

parable in colour.
is

Lawrenceanum Hyeanum, to which it is comPhaius x Owenianus (P. Oweniae % x P. Humblotii?)

Cattleya Mossiaa Imperialis
lip

a richly-coloured hybrid of excellent shape.

is

a very large and richly-coloured form, with the sides of the

veined

with golden-yellow.
Laelio-cattleya

These three each received

First-class

Certificates.

x Frederic Boyle is a very remarkable hybrid derived from Cattleya x Trianas $ and Laelia anceps t% the flower white and most like the latter, except that the lip approaches C. Trianae in shape, and It received an Award of Merit as is tinged with bright rose in front. did also Odontoglossum crispum Massangeanum, a broad and richly
;

spotted form, Cattleya

Mendelii picta, and Laelio-cattleya

plant of unrecorded parentage allied to L.-c.

x x Canhamiana.

Aylingii, a

Here were

many

Cattleya Mcssias Wageneri and C. M.

Reineckiana, several good

Dowiana chrysotoxa, very striking and curiously out of season; C. Warned, good C. Skinneri alba; several good varieties of C. Mendelii, Laelia tenebrosa, some excellent Miltonia vexillaria, one unusually
C. granulosa, C.
large,

and another very dark; a fine Odontoglossum hastilabium with nine

90 a

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

well-flowered

spikes,

Epidendrum

Wallisii,

Masdevallia

triaristella,

Phalaenopsis tetraspis,

Cochlioda Noetzliana, and

;

many good

Odontoa fine

glossums and other showy things

spike
of

the beautiful white Sobralia macrantha

Kienastiana, a white ground Odontoglossum x

Wilckeanum bearing

x Krameriana, many Cypripedium Chamberlainianum, &c. At the back were many plants of the graceful Ccelogyne Dayana, called the " Necklace Orchid," and at one end a marvellous clump of Oncidium ampliatum, its numerous arching branched spikes being computed to bear over five thousand flowers.
eighteen flowers,

Cattleya

Messrs.

very fine

Upper Clapton, N.E., contributed another group, which was awarded a Silver Cup. Their Laelia purpurata,
Co.,

Hugh Low, and

Odontoglossums

and Cattleyas

were

very

fine,

C.

Mossiae

splendens

especially being a well-formed

and gigantic flower. Cypripedium niveum and bellatulum were good, also C. Parishii and Selenipedium x Schrcederae. The group also contained a fine Stanhopea Amesiana with three of its waxy flowers, Oncidiums Gravesianum and monachicum, Odontoglossums X Wilckeanum and gloriosum, Saccolabium curvifolium, a striking Zygopetalum allied to Z. grandiflorum, &c.
Messrs. Charlesworth and Co., Heaton, Bradford, also received a Silver

Cup

for

a fine

and

effective

group, containing

some

capital

Oncidium
fine

concolor, one with

seven spikes, fine O. Marshallianum, some

sixty-six

Laelia

purpurata,

one large plant with

Miltonias

flowers.

Grammatophyllum
vitellinum,

Rumphianum with two

graveolens,

long racemes, the rare Gongora bufonia, Stanhopea

spectabilis

and

Roezlii,

Epidendrum

Cypripediums,
Orchids.

many Odontoglossum

crispum, Cattleyas, and

other

fine

Messrs. B. S. Williams and Co., Upper Holloway, N., exhibited two

large and effective groups,

and were awarded a Silver Cup. Besides the usual showy things, which were in fine condition, we observed Trichopilia
lepida with eight flowers, Bollea Patini, a nice plant of

Oncidium

longipes,

a good O. sarcodes, and two very fine 0. concolor, Phalaenopsis speciosa, the rare and pretty Ornithocephalus grandiflorus, the scarlet Cochliada Noetzliana,
fine

Ccelogyne pandurata, Odontoglossum baphicanthum, and and interesting things.

many
Cup

other

Cypher, Cheltenha

fo:

very large and effective group, in which were some splendid forms of Laelia purpurata, Cattleyas, Odontoglossums, Miltonia vexillaria and other showy things. also noted Diacrium bicornutum, Dendrobiums x rhodostoma, Falconeri gigantum, Jamesianum and

We

Parishii,

Epidendrums

O'Brienianum and radicans, Oncidiums concolor and cucullatum, both very good; Cypripediums Exul and Chamberlainianum a fine plant of
Cattleya Skinned, &c.
A. H. Smee, Esq.,

The Grange, Caishalton

(gr.

Mr. Cummins), staged

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

191

a rich and effective group, which was awarded a Silver-gilt Flora Medal. It included a fine series of Cattleya Mossiae varieties, C. Schilleriana, Odontoglossum luteopurpureum, many good O. crispum, the large O.' Pescatorei magnificum, O. x Coradinei, Masdevallia
.

rosea,

Bulbophyllum

saurocephalum, Lycaste Deppei and other good things. Messrs. W. L. Lewis and Co. also received a Silver-gilt Flora Medal for an effective group, containing Laelia purpurata in variety, Cattleyas Moss.ae and Mendelii, Microstylis Scottii, Laelia majalis, Odontoglossum Sanderianum, Oncidium Harrisonianum, Lycaste aromatica, Cypripediums X Aylmgii and x Smithii, Laelio-cattleya X Schilleriana,
&c.

Cattleya

a fine form, which received an Award of Merit. W. C. Walker, Esq., Percy Lodge, Winchmore Hill (gr. Mr. Cragg), received a Silver Flora Medal for a good and effective group, including a fine Sobralia macrantha, Maxillaria tenuifolia, some fine Cattleyas
-

endeln Lewisii

is

Odontoglossums, Phalamopsis,

superbum received an Award

very fine Oncidium Marshallianum oi Merit, and Schomburgkia tibicinis, with

.

&c

Mr. P. McArthur, Maida Vale, W., also contributed an effective group, which gained a Silver Flora Medal. It included a very fine Laelia tenebrosa with five spikes, Odontoglossum nebulosum candidulum, Oncidiums phymatochilum and macranthum, Cypripedium Exul, C. bellatulum nigrum with very dark blotches, C. Chamberlainianum, and various other showy
Orchids.
Messrs.
Collins

and Collins, Willesden, also received a Silver Flora

good group, containing many fine Cymbidium Lowianum, Dendrobium clavatum, Oncidium concolor, Laelia purpurata, &c. Malcolm S. Cooke, Esq., Kingston Hill (gr. Mr. Buckell), staged a neat group, which received a Silver Banksian Medal. It contained Cypripedium niveum, Epidendrum vitellinum, Oncidium macranthum,
Odontoglossums, &c.

Medal

for a

M. Jules Hye-Leysen, Conpure, Ghent, exhibited a vigorous plant of the beautiful deep yellow and white Odontoglossum Vuylstekeanum, with
three spikes and twenty-seven flowers, which deservedly received a Firstclass Certificate.

He

also

showed an eight-flowered spike

Brussels, exhibited a

of Lrelio-cattleya

X elegans Turneri. M. A. A. Peeters,

St. Gilles,

handsome Odonto-

glossum crispum guttatum, and O. c. Capartianum, the latter a heavily blotched and handsome variety, which received an Award of Merit. De Barri Crawshay, Esq., Rosefield, Sevenoaks (gr. Mr. S. Cooke), exhibited Odontoglossum x tentaculatum with ten good flowers, a fine
Laelia purpurata, Miltonia ve.xillaria, and Cattleya Mendelii Mrs. Crawshay,

a fine blush form with the front part of the lip deep purple-crimson, to

which an Award

of Merit

was given.

192

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

H. Shaw, Esq., Stamford House, Ashton-under-Lyne
(gr.

Mr. Smith),
light

exhibited Phalamopsis Mannii, Cattleya

Mossise

Shawiana, a

form

without either yellow or crimson on the lip, and Odontoglossum crispum Trianae, the latter receiving an Award of Merit.
C. Young, Esq.,

The Thorns, Sevenoaks

a very beautiful

(gr.

Mr. Ryder), received an

Odontoglossum x Andersonianum, Young's variety, with broad richly marked segments. Mrs. Baker, Wimbledon Park (gr. Mr. Goodchild), exhibited a splendidly grown Odontoglossum crispum bearing five spikes, ranging from six to
nine flowers each, the segments broad and of great substance.

Award

of Merit

for

M. Vincke-Dujardin, Scheepsdeale, Bruges, exhibited a fine group of twenty-five Odontoglossum crispum. The plants were exceedingly well grown, and we counted twenty flowers on one spike with two small side branches, two with sixteen, one with fifteen, two with fourteen, and others
with thirteen, twelve, and eleven, of good size and substance. more richly coloured flowers but fewer in number.
Messrs.

few had

Linden,

L* Horticulture

Internationale,

Brussels,

exhibited

a very fine plant of Cochlioda Noetzliana, with about twenty-five spikes of its beautiful flowers, an extensive series of named varieties of La;lia

purpurata,

being cut spikes, the small deep rose Peruvian type of Miltonia vexillaria, a few good blooms of Cattleya Aclandiee, Odontoglossum

many

Pescatorei Lindenia, with a single violet-purple blotch on each segment, and a good Laelio-cattleya x Schilleriana.

W,

R. Lee, Esq., Audenshaw, Manchester

(gr.

Mr. Billington;, exhibited

Cypripedium x
very beautiful.
R.

Winifred Hollington and Laelio-cattleya x Phoebe, both

Measures, Esq., Cambridge Lodge, Camberwell (gr. Mr. Chapman), exhibited cut blooms of Miltonia x festiva, a natural hybrid between M. flavescens and M. spectabilis, and M. vexillaria, Cambridge Lodge
I.

variety.

Messrs. James Veitch and Sons, Chelsea, exhibited a neat group of their

new and

pretty Disa

langleyensis,

mentioned

in

our Report of the

previous meeting.

CORRESPONDENCE,
T.

&c.

Hoyland Hall, Barnsley. 2 L;elia purpurata, i L. p. ro H. II.. V. hitby. Three flowers on the spike of Cypripedium me cases the markings are almost, or quite, absent from the do H. C, Camberwell. Miltonia X festiva. T. C. H., Richmond. Many thanks. Next month. S. G. L., Beckenham. This and several other matters are
M..

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THE ORCHID

REVIEW.

The

prize offered by the Royal Horticultural Society on

1,

June 12th

for the

best hybrid Orchid not exhibited before January

1894,

was awarded
It
is

to

Messrs. F. Sander and Co., St. Albans, for Phaius x Ovvenianus, which
also received a First-class Certificate at the recent

Temple Show.

a
it

very beautiful hybrid, and the

first

derived from P. Humblotii, which

approaches
P.

in shape, while, the colour is

more

like that of the other parent,

Oweni.

Two

meetings of the Royal Horticultural Society

will

be held at the

Westminster, during July, on the 10th and 24th respectively, when the Orchid Committee will meet at the usual hour of 12 o'clock, noon.
Drill Hall,

James

Street,

Orchideene of Brussels are suspended during July and August, the next meeting being announced for September 9th.
of the

The meetings

second portion of the Pickering Lodge Collection is announced to be held on the premises on July nth and 12th at half-past
sale
of the

The

12 o'clock each day.

We
hurst,

also note that the collection of the late T. R. Watt, Esq., of Chisleis

to be

sold by auction

during the month, at Messrs. Protheroe

collection contains
1

some choice

things, one of

elegans noted at page 360 of our last volume.

The number
alphabetical
list

of the Journal dcs Orchidccs for of the species, varieties,

Ballif.

May

1st is

devoted to an

and hybrids of the genus Cypri-

pedium, by M. Otto

94

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

The June number
of the

Kew

Bulletin contains a ninth

Decade

of

New

Orchids described
another page.

by Mr.

Rolfe,

by Messrs.

Among them is Hugh Low and Co.

which are more particularly noted on the new Dendrobium Hildebrandii introduced

Cycnoches Loddigesii has been noted

occasion.

in

our pages on more than one

plant in the establishment of Messrs. Linden, L'Horticulture

Internationale, Brussels, has

now produced

a raceme of five male flowers.

Mr. A. H. Kent, A.L.S. of the Royal Exotic Nursery, has received one
of the

Veitch Memorial Medals for the year, largely,

we

believe, in recog-

nition of his

work

in

connection with Messrs. Veitch's important Manual of

Orchidaceous Plants.

His portrait appears

in the Gardeners' Chronicle for

June

16th.

OBITUARY.

We

regret to hear of the death, on

June 2nd,

of Mr. Frederick

James

Serle

Horsman,

of the firm of Messrs. Fred.

Horsman and

Co., of Colchester, at

the age of 52 years.

disease, but
his

Mr. Horsman had suffered acutely from Bright's

to attend to his business to within a

had been able

few days of

death.

He was
The

well-known grower and importer of Orchids.

portrait of the deceased

gentleman appears

in

the Gardening World for

June 23rd. Horsman.

business will be continued by his eldest son, Mr. F. R.

CATTLEYA CITRINA AURANTIACA.

Some time ago an unusually
citrina

appeared in

proposed (Gower in

and richly coloured variety of Cattleya several collections, for which the above name has been Orchid Album, ix. sub., t. 472). It flowered with H. J.
fine
in 1S90,

Ross, Esq., of Florence, Italy,

with Messrs. James Veitch and Sons,

and Mr.

Bull, of Chelsea, a year later,

and afterwards with R. H. Measures,

Esq., of Streatham.

And now

it

has flowered with C. Eastwick- Field, Esq.,

Hurst House, Midhurst, Sussex, from whom we have received a flower. It is a little larger than the type, the sepals and petals are much more spreading,
while the front lobe of the
lip is distinctly
is

elongated and about an inch long.

Besides which the whole flower

more
its

richly coloured than usual, in fact,

very deep yellow approaching orange.

several collections

The

fact of its

having appeared
it

in

and retaining

character proves that

is

no mere
Its

accidental variation, but a well-marked variety of superior beauty.

origin
is
j
>

uncertain, also whether the several plants

known could

be

ed to the
>

appearan
little

this particular species usually

shows very

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

DR. HODGKINSON'S COLLECTION.

and representative collection of Orchids is the one ught together by Dr. Alex. Hodgkinson at his residence, The Grange, Wilmslow, Cheshii npletely
'Ery

interesting

devoted to them.
sented, but

species

are, of

course, well

repre-

note with pleasure that some of the rarer and lea grown kinds are specially looked after, some of them succeeding very well. Bolleas, Aganisias, and the rare Coryanthes Wulfii, may be mentioned

we

among

these difficult subjects; but as efforts are

like natural

made

to

grow them under

will

something

conditions,

it

is

hoped that they

prove less

intractable than formerly.

The Odontoglossum House, which

is

span-roofed, contains a typical

collection of cool Orchids, the smaller ones being suspended from the roof. The stages are part open and part covered with wet gravel, the former being

a recent introduction.

Among

the plants observed during a recent

visit

were many plants of Odontoglossum crispum, a fine O. Pescatorei, the inflorescence showing twelve side branches and fifty-two flowers, the rare O. nasvium, O. nebulosum and bictoniense coming into flower, two good
O. Reichenheimii, various 0. Cervantesii, O.
others.
C.

roseum, 0. ^rstedii, and

spikes; a
plant
of

plant of Cochlioda

Noetzliana bore two

Oncidium incurvum was pushing seven spikes, while O. macranthum was flowering well. Nanodes Medusae succeeds well suspended in this house,
its

Disa grandiflora was grown here in a peat bed, a pane of glass being removed near it, and a batch of Epidendrum vitellinum with twenty spikes close by. E. syringothyrsus grows well, but has not yet flowered. Here were also Cypripedium
insigne and Boxallii, various Masdevallias,

buds being not quite expanded.

some being

in flower, Restrepia

antennifera, and a batch of Sophronitis grandiflora.

In the Mexican

House was

a specially interesting sighta batch of

twenty plants, of which many were flowering, seventeen flowers and buds being counted. A few spikes were two-flowered. The other Mexican

and included many plants of L. anceps, one being still in flower, L. albida, and L. autumnalis also a good batch of Cattleya citrina in thriving condition. Here were also some Sophronitis
Lselias
well,
;

were also doing

grandiflora, Ccelogyne cristata,

Dendrobium Falconeri, &c.

The

smaller

and the larger ones grown in pots underneath, no shading being used. Care is taken to secure a good growth, and then by means of plenty of air and a limited supply of water to mature Very little water is given to Ladia majalis until flowering it thoroughly. is over, which is in accordance with its natural requirements, as this
beautiful species blooms just at the

Laelias are suspended near the glass,

commencement

of the rainy season.

96
is

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

next induced, by liberal waterings, and finally a long rest,
is

good growth

and the success attained shows that the treatment

In the Cattleya

correct.

House

are

many

interesting things, including a good

(the

plant of the very rare Epicattleya

of being at Highbury), a

x guatemalensis

one other we know

(so

good plant of Lselia Digbyana

promising for

the hybridist) with two Cattleya

Dowiana aurea

in splendid health,

good

plants of C. Rex, a giant specimen of C. Trianae three feet across, a good

batch of Vanda ccerulea, which succeeds well here, as do also Odonto-

glossum

grande and O.
suavis,

citrosum,

Ccelia

bella,

Epidendrum nemorale,
and
Ornithidium
Schrcederae,

Trichosma
Sophronitis.

Anguloas,

Sophronitis

violacea,

Various plants of Cattleya

Mossiae, Mendelii,

and Skinneri

were

in

flower,

also

Laelia

purpurata and

cinnabarina,

Schomburgkia
off,

tibicinis,

with six flowers and buds, nine having already gone

Oncidium Marshallianum with twenty-three handsome flowers, 0. hastatum, Aerides. japonicum, Maxillaria Dendrobium Jamesianum, Sanderiana, a nice batch of Miltonia vexillaria, and many others.

The Warm House contains many good things, including the rare Dendrobium senile, whose pseudobulbs are covered with long hairs,
Stauropsis lissochiloides (Vanda Batemanii) throwing a fine spike, a plant

Dendrobium Maccarthiae, Ponthieva maculata, &c. About fifty healthy plants of Phalaenopsis are grown in teak cylinders on the north wall, and include the beautiful P. Maria, P. violacea showing for flower, &c, two plants of P. Schilleriana being exceptionally strong. Here are also a few Angrsecums which are growing
of the rare

Ccelogyne

Sanderiana,

well.

Several plants of Chysis bractescens were also growing vigorously.

interesting things were
little

Many

in

flower,

including several plants of the

Fieldingii,

charming

Trichocentrum tigrinum, Miltonia Roezlii, Aerides

numerous Cypripediums and Selenipediums, and a particularly fine plant of Dendrobium Devonianum, one of the pseudobulbs being four feet long and
wreathed
five

in flowers to

the

number
in

of eighty-seven, several

racemes bearing

flowers each.

Among

the Cypripediums were Chamberlainianum, a

fine

plant of

niveum grown

limestone with seven flowers, and a good

In order to

philippinense, deserve special mention.

commemorate the visit we specially crossed C. philippinense with niveum, and the last named with Chamberlainianum this in lieu of planting a tree and hope that in due
time seedlings will result.

few Orchids were also placed in the Rose House, including

many good

plants of

D. chrysanthum with twelve spikes, Calanthe x Veitchii, and a good plant of Oncidium crispum with a panicle of twentysix buds. In a cold house were plants of several hardy Cypripediums,
nobile,

Dendrobium

including C. acaule in flower, and various Cape Orchids, chiefly Disas and

Batyriums.
Dr. Hodgkinson takes a great personal interest
in

his collection,

and

is

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

possible under natural conditions, and has

197

specially impressed with the importance of growing the plants as far as

made

a large series of notes of

It

the climate, rainy seasons, &c, of the countries from which they come.
is

well

known

that different Orchids have different periods of growth,

some

being active

in

the winter

when

cultivators

would prefer them

to be at rest.

Dr. Hodgkinson believes that these peculiarities should be studied, as he

attributes

many

failures to the practice of

making the plants grow out

set apart a

of
it

their proper season.

at a

In

fact,

he proposes to

house and keep

growing temperature throughout the year, moving the plants

in as their

season of growth arrives, and then taking them out to mature.

He
ing

also takes a great interest in hybridising, and raising seedlings.

At

the present time

many pods

of

good crosses of various genera are approachin

maturity, while others are

of

various

stages

of germination.
is

One
Lselia

particularly interesting cross

which seeds are germinating

majalis x cinnabarina, while good seeds of L.

fiora

have been sown.

is

pod

of Laelia

Dayana x Sophronitis grandiharpophylla x Dendrobium Wardi-

anum

swelling, but the reverse cross refused to take.

We

need not go

into further details here, because the doctor promises to send

this subject,

some notes on

which we are sure

not seen

will be interesting to our readers.

A very
notice, as

ingenious method of indicating the qualities of an Orchid deserves

we have

it

in

use elsewhere.

Most cultivators use a

assigns to colour, form,

series of crosses,

from one
is

to as

many

as six, to indicate quality, but Dr.

Hodgkinson's method

much more

graphic.

He

and

size (taking

them thus

in alphabetical order),

from one to three points

each thus, 1 label may bear

tional,

average, 2

=
size

above average, 3
2. 1."

exceptionally good.

the sign "1.2. 3." or " 3.

&c.
;

The

first

means, colour

ordinary, form above average, size exceptional

the second, colour excep-

form above average,

ordinary; which seems to us a decided

improvement on the old method, and deserves to be widely adopted. So much for this very interesting and representative collection, of which

CYPRIPEDIUM CALLOSUM SANDERS.

A
[.,

flower of this beautiful variety has been kindly sent by R. H. Measures,

r.

The Woodlands, Streatham, where it also flowered in October of last It may briefly be described as a C. callosum from which every trace
It
is

mrple has vanished, leaving the flower light green and white.
:ndidly developed, the dorsal sepal being barely
les broad.

under two and a half

Mr. Measures' plant

is

believed to be from the

he one recently shown by Messrs. Sander.

A flower of

same source C. Lawrenceanum

eanum
s

is

also sent, showing its similar colour but very different shape,

very curious that the allied C. barbatum should have been in cultivation

so

much

longer a period, and yet no albino of

it

has hitherto appeared.

198

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

NOVELTIES.
Odontoglossum x Coradinei var. mirabile, Rolfe. A remarkably distinct and handsome Odontoglossum has appeared in Baron Schroder's rich collection at The Dell, Egham, which on careful examination shows
such unmistakable
leave no doubt of
its

affinity

with O. crispum and O.

Lindleyanum as
It

to

being a natural hybrid between them.

must

there-

fore be classed as

an exceptional variety of 0. x Coradinei. The flower measures three inches in diameter across the petals, which latter are eight
broad.

lines

The ground

colour

is

ivory white
are

when
bright

first

opening, but

afterwards pure white, while

the blotches

cinnamon brown.

About two-thirds of each sepal is taken up by the latter colour, apparently by two or three very large blotches which are nearly confluent in one. The
petals also have one large blotch above the middle, and

two or three small

ones near the margin below.

The

disc of the lip

bears a large cordate-

shaped blotch, leaving a white tip and very narrow white margin, while the crest and disc are bright yellow, streaked with brown. The shape of the lip and crest, as well as the wings of the column and arrangement of the
blotches,
all

show unmistakably the

It is
I

influence of O.

Lindleyanum added

to

the characters of O. crispum.

Coradinei which

by far the most striking variety of O. x have seen, the contrast of colour being very effective. It

received a First-class Certificate from the Royal Horticultural Society on June 12th, under the name of 0. crispum mirabile.

Dendrobium Hildebraxdii,
the

Rolfe.

A handsome
sent
it

species collected in
it

Shan States by H. H. Hildebrand, Esq., who

and Co., of Clapton, with

to Messrs.
It

Hugh

Low

whom

flowered last spring.

has the

habit of a strong D. signatum, and light yellow flowers

whose segments are

grow

magnificent huge masses, as many as fifteen hundred having been counted on a single clump.-Kew Bulletin, 1894, p. 1S2.
in

Dendrobium hamatum,

Rolfe.

A member

of the

Pedilonum

section,

introduced from Cochin China by M. A. Regnier, of Fontenay-sous-bois, France, who flowered it in April last. The flowers are borne in racemes, light whitish yellow striped with purple, and the chin of the lip an inch long, and hooked, whence the name. Kew Bulletin,
1894, p. 183.

Eria cinnabarina, Rolfe. A Bornean species whose flowers, including the racemes, pedicels, and
orange coloured.
It

of the section

Hymenaria,

bracts, are

deep cinnabar-

flowered with Messrs. Linden, L'Horticulture Internationale, Brussels, in April last.Kew Bulletin, 1894, P- 183. Ccelogyne Swaniana, Rolfe. A Philippine species allied to C. Dayana and C. Massangeana, which was introduced by Messrs. F. Sander and Co., St. Albans, and flowered in their establishment in April last.

Kew

Bulletin,

1094- p. 1S3.

Epidendrum

Ellisii,

Rolfe.

This

handsome

Columbian

species


THE ORCHID REVIEW.
April last,

199

received a First-class CertiHcate from the Royal Horticultural Society in

when
p.

exhibited by Welbore S. Ellis, Esq., Hazelbourne, Dorking.

It
is

The

flowers

are carmine-rose.
184.

allied

to

E. Lindeni,

LindlKew

Bulletin, 1894,

Bifrenaria Charlesworthii, Rolfe. Introduced from the province of Minas Geraes, Brazil, by Messrs. Charlesworth, Shuttleworth and Co., of Heaton, Bradford, with whom it flowered in August of last year, and subsequently at Kew. It is allied to B. racemosa, Lindl., but has a hairy lip.
Kat' Bulletin, 1894,
p.

184.

Camaridium Lawrencbanum, Rolfe. A pretty little species allied to C. purpuratum, Lindl., for which Sir Trevor Lawrence, Bart., Burford, Dorking, received a Botanical Certificate in March last. The sepals and
petals are yellowish white, the former spotted with red-purple, especially on

the back, and the

lip

deep purple with white apex.

pretty

Its

origin

is

not

recorded. Kew

Bulletin, 1894, P- l8 5little

A Oncidium Lucasianum, Rolfe. origin, for which Messrs. F. Sander and of Merit in April last. The flowers are
a

species of unrecorded

Co., St. Albans, received

an Award
It is

yellow, a few being abortive.

member

of the Rostratae group, but has the lateral sepals united.

Kew

Bulletin, 1894, p. 185.

Saccolabium lonqicalcaratum, Rolfe. A small pinkish purple species, with long straight spur, which flowered with Messrs. Charlesworth, Shuttleworth and Co., in April last. It was introduced from Burma with Cypripedium Charlesworthii.Kew Bulletin, 1S94, p. 1S6. A native of Borneo and the Podochilus longicalcaratus, Rolfe.
Philippines, which has recently been introduced to cultivation by Messrs.

Linden, L'Horticulture Internationale, Brussels.

It is allied to P. unciferus,

and has been confused with it, but has a far longer chin. The flowers are semi-pellucid white, the segments being more or less tipped with

Hook,

f.,

rosy purple.

Kew

Bulletin, 1894, p. 186.

CATTLEYA MOSSIiE PEETERSII.

A
flower of this brilliantly-coloured Cattleya has been sent by M, A. A.
Peeters, of St. Gilles, Brussels,

which shows
It

it

to be

one of the darkest

forms of C. Mossiae yet known.

appeared

in 1883, in

an importation of

C. Mossiae from Venezuela, and two years later was described as Cattleya
Peetersii

(Andre in Rev. Hort., 1885,

p.

P- 2 7 x )its

It

may

be compared with

C. labiata Peetersii (supra,

78)

as regards

deep saturated rosy-purple

colour, though neither so distinctly flamed in the centre nor yet lilac at the

margin.
paler,

The

sepals

show the same

brilliant colour,

and the

lip is
is

very

little

except on the sides, while the yellow of the throat

It is

very

much

reduced.

a large, well-formed, and very richly-coloured variety, and

for so

having flowered

many

years

is

certainly quite constant in character.


200

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

HYBRID ODONTOGLOSSUMS.
{Continued from page
141.)

Odontoglossum NOBiLi-TRiUMPHANs.-This
beautiful hybrid,

is

a well-known and very

and further interesting on account of its having been twice raised artificially, a fact which should be taken well to heart by those who
are so sceptical about the existence of natural hybrids. It originally appeared in 1881, in the collection
of Sir

Trevor Lawrence,

Bart., Burford, Dorking, having been imported by Messrs. Hugh Low and Co., of Clapton, and is said to have been regarded as a yellow Pescatorei

by

the collector.
bach,

It

was described
If a

as Odontoglossum x excellens, by Reichen-

gue ss were permitted, I would suggest that this might be natural hybrid between Odontoglossum Pescatorei and tnpudians." Messrs. Veitch, in publishing their Manual, suggested O. tnumphans as an alternative parent instead of O. tripudians,
and, better

who remarked :-

proceeded to test the matter by making the cross in question, with the result to be presently seen.
still

we
it,

Three years later another plant appeared with Messrs. Hugh Low and Co., which Reichenbach at first described as O. Vuylstekeanum var. maculatum, though he afterwards admitted and corrected his error. The same year a plant appeared with Messrs. F. Sander and Co., of St. Albans, which was described under the name of Odontoglossum' x stelhmicans, by Reichenbach, who remarked that it appeared with O Pescatorei and "may be a mule between this and O. triumphans or tnpudians, or even Lindleyanum." It can hardly belong to the
hybrid
last

considered,

where

Reichenbach's

last

alternative
is

colour of the flower as well as the shape of the lip and column-wings are those of the present hybrid. I only know it from the description.

The

and the hybrid from O. nobile and tripudians

would

place

not certainly

known

thG C lleCtl0n f the DukG f Suth land a t land, flowered out of an importation made by Messrs. James Veitch and Sons, of Chelsea. The sepals and petals are longer and

a Peai ed T Trentham, u having

Uge

'

"

l886

'

"

more acuminate than usual. The variety chrysomelanum appeared Trevor Lawrence Bart., Burford,
.vholly yellow

in 1888, in the collection of Sir

Dorking.

The

th

aS P ]ants of * a PP ea -d ' in several different collections, having been purchased as one or the other

m s!Zl

and spotted all over. ime f rd beCamC

sepals and petals are

m re C mm0n

S sTpEr* Bran f
lZlL7r
bavin*
*

some

of

them

>
'

SPPeared
f

flo

"

bgured and described as a new species, though

rl

nS

the C0lkcti n f Herr Bl andt at Berlin, f MSSSrS SandGr S importation,. It wa '

it

evidently belongs here.


THE ORCHID REVIEW.
O.
201

x dellense appeared in 1S91 in the collection of Baron Schroder, The Dell, Egham, and was described as a natural hybrid between O. Pescatorei and praenitens. It is, however, a heavily spotted form of 0. x excellens.
O. praenitens
is

an almost unknown plant with very different

lip.

In June, 1891, a hybrid flowered in the establishment of Messrs. James Veitch and Sons, of Chelsea, which had been raised by crossing O.
Pescatorei with

the

pollen

of

0.

triumphans, and

proved

absolutely a most

identical with certain forms of the wild hybrid.

The event was

interesting one,

and

it

is

to

be hoped that the parentage of other wild

Messrs. Heath, of Chelten-

hybrids will be demonstrated in the same way.

ham, have since obtained this hybrid artificially from the same two species. O. x Harvengtense was awarded a Diploma of Honour by the Orchideene, of Brussels, on February nth last, as a supposed natural hybrid between It is, however, only a fine form of 0. x O. crispum and O. sceptrum. excellens, as the column-wings and crest and other characters of the flower
are altogether in agreement.

known, and somewhat variable, Most of the though less so than some of those previously considered. forms approach O. Pescatorei in shape, though one or two have the The majority have light yellow longer segments of O. triumphans.
This hybrid
is

therefore

very well

sepals and petals with a white disc, though

reduced while others are entirely

also varies considerably.

some have the yellow much The amount of spotting suffused with it.

Generally speaking, the characters of both parents

It is

are very easily traced.

one of the most beautiful of the group.

of this hybrid, so far as
I

The

following
to

list

have been able

shows the described forms trace them

:

engtense, L. Lind. in

202

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

THE HYBRIDIST.
DENDROBIUM X LUTWYCHEANUM.
Dendrobium which has flowered in the collection of S. G. Lutwyche, Esq., of Eden Park, Beckenham, Kent. It was derived from D. Wardianum % and D. x splendidissimum grandiflorum t, and the
is

This

a very fine hybrid

flower has the general shape of the former.

It

measures nearly three and

a half inches in diameter across the petals, these organs being over an inch broad and the lip still broader. On first opening it was distinctly yellowish
(doubtless owing to the influence of D.

aureum

in the

hybrid parents), aftertips.

wards changing
sepals are a

to nearly white, the petals

having small rosy purple

The

little

inrolled at the margins,

and the dorsal sepal has a slight

flush of pink near the base.

The

lip

has a very large dark maroon blotch

with slightly feathered margin, the remainder being palest primrose-white slightly flushed with pink at the tip. The plant approaches D. nobile in
habit,

years old, but has only produced a single flower at present, but should develop into a very fine thing, as the flower is large, of good shape and great substance, as would naturally be expected from its
is five

and

distinguished

parentage.

Masdevallia x Asmodia.
This
of
is

the pretty

little

hybrid for which Messrs.

James Veitch and Sons,

Horticultural

Chelsea, received an

Award
It

of

Merit

from the Royal

Society on June 12th last.

was obtained from M. x Chelsoni crossed

with the pollen of M. Reichenbachiana, and thus three species are involved in its parentage. In shape it most resembles the pollen parent, and is of about the same size, while the colour is a peculiar reddish purple, with slightly darker veins and some dull yellow in the throat. The sepaline tube
is

half

an inch long, the

is

lateral sepals

an inch longer, while the curved

of the dorsal sepals arches

slender tails measure two inches.

The limb
s

and

about

the lateral ones.

The

pla

four years old, and the leaves range from three to six inches long. It is a very attractive little plant, the colour of the flower being of a very distinct and pleasing shade. It is apparently the first secondary hybrid in the

genus.

DlSA X

LANGLEYENSIS.

This very charming hybrid was raised by Mr. Seden in the establishment of Messrs. James Veitch and Sons, and received an Award of Merit from the Royal Horticultural Society on May 8th, as already recorded
at p. 186.

was obtained by crossing Disa racemosa with the pollen of D. tripetaloides and also from the reverse cross, the two being practically identical, both in shape and colour, as is shown by specimens kindly sent by Messrs.
It

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

Veitch.
It
is

203
flowers

fairly

intermediate

in

character,

the

being of a

beautiful rose-pink shade, and borne in racemes of ten to twelve, or more.

The spur
is

of the dorsal sepal

is

rather longer than in D. racemosa, but there

very

little of

the spotting so characteristic of D. tripetaloides, while the

It
is

colour of the flowers also most resembles D. racemosa.

very free

growing and floriferous, and is likely to become a favourite garden plant. So free growing is it that more plants were 'raised than could be grown on, and some of them were thrown away in consequence.

Hybrid Disas at Kew.

It is

astonishing

how

rapidly the beautiful hybrid Disas have

first

come

to

the front.

D. x Veitchii, the

of the group, flowered for the first time

it

as recently as June, 1S91, and last year a seedling in whose parentage

had participated flowered for the first time. A large number of seedlings are now blooming in the lobby of the Orchid house at Kew, which were derived from four different crosses made in 189 1. Two of them flowered
last
p.

year,

and were recorded

at

in
p.

our previous volume, D. X kewensis

339.

at

and fourth crosses are identical with the two from which D. x Iangleyensis, mentioned in the
212,

and D. x Premier
paragraph,

The

third

preceding
identical,

was

obtained,

and

the

seedlings

are practically

though many of the plants are rather lighter in colour and have In fact, some open nearly white, the dorsal sepal more distinctly spotted. Of the other two crosses, D. x kewensis but gradually change to pink. (D. grandiflora % x D. tripetaloides ) and D. x Premier (D. tripetaloides X D. X Veitchii $), many plants are also flowering, and, as usual, exhibit a certain range of variation, more especially the latter, some of the plants
having the lateral sepals half free, and others united almost to the tips. The two which flowered last year were evidently exceptional, as the great
bulk of the plants are flowering at the present time.

Masdevallia x Henrietta.
very pretty hybrid, which was raised by Mr. Robinson, gardener to the late Mr. F. L. Ames, of North Easton, Mass., U.S.A., between M. ignea erubescens ? and M. caudata Shuttleworthii 1, was described some time ago

under the above name (Gard. Chron., 1893, i. p. 740). One raised by Captain Hincks, of Terrace House, Richmond, Yorkshire, must evidently
bear the same name, the parentage being practically identical, the difference,

such as
pretty

it is,

little

being that M. ignea Eichardii was one of the parents. It is a plant, fairly intermediate in character, as is apparent from a

flower and photograph received.

The tube

of the flower is nearly as broad

as long, thus approaching

similar in shape, and the

M. caudata, while the

tail

dorsal sepal

is

somewhat

about one and a quarter inches long. The sepals are nearly an inch long, slightly falcate, and the tails rather lateral

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

shorter.

darker.

The colour is almost salmon-pink with the nerves and The seed was sown in September, 1S91, and the plant flov

May

of the present year,

little

when two

years and eight months old.

very promising

plant of a pretty and attractive shade of colour.

ORCHIDS AT TWICKENHAM.
In the collection
of

H.

Little,

Esq.,

Baronshalt,

The Barons, East

Twickenham, we observed
recent
visit.

several noteworthy Orchids in flower during a

plant of Cypripedium Sanderianum was bearing two spikes of two and three flowers respectively, the petals measuring eighteen inches
long.
is

This

is

one of the best plants we have seen of this species, which

notoriously difficult to grow. A spike of Cypripedium Rothschildianum bore two flowers, the diameter across the petals being eleven and a half
inches.
It is interesting to

note that one of them has been crossed with

Selenipedium caudatum. One of the many plants of Lselia purpurata bore a spike with no less than seven flowers, while Vanda teres, which here does especially well, carried spikes of six and seven flowers each, of great size. Selenipedium x albopurpureum is a great favourite here, and was bearing

Odontoglossum citrosmum, Lseliocattleya x Schilleriana, Vanda tricolor and suavis, and various showy Cattleyas were also particularly noteworthy.

its

lovely peach-coloured

blossoms.

ORCHIDS AT HIGHBURY.
Hon. J. Chamberlain, M.P., is always full of interest, and Air. Burberry must be congratulated on his success in its management. One of the most interesting sights in the collection was a
plant of Coryanthes speciosa, with a newly expanded flower. Although only two hours' old, the drops of liquid which we e e\ dm * from the glands at the base of the column had already covered the remarkable

The

collection of the Right

bucket-shaped

lip.

It is
is

bottom of the certainly a very remarkable Orchid. Dendrobium

a wonderful specimen, bearing over a hundred of its brilliant flowers. Miltonia vexillaria is exceptionally well grown here, many of the flowers being unusually large, and the plants quite clean. Mr.

Falconeri on a raft

and states that no harm ensues to the plants. The charming Acacallis cyanea was also flowering well, also Laeha Boothiana, Dendrobium lineale, four beautiful pieces of D. Bensoni^e, the very rare D. Aphrodite, Restrepia elegans, the charming little Trichocentrum tigrinum, Miltonia Phalaenopsis, Cattleya Aclandi*, and large numbers of the usual showy species, which it would require far too much space to enumerate. Three very interesting hybrids not in flower are Cattleya x Chamberlainiana, C. x Brabantia,, and C. x Mardelii. We nave already given an account of the collection in our last volume
liberally,

Burberry uses tobacco powder

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

205

DIES ORCHIDIAN^E.
Notes on
the

Temple Show would now read something

is

like

matters of

ancient history, but there

say, especially as last

one matter on which

I

have a word or two to

out.

month

was completely crowded

On

one or

two previous occasions I have alluded to the culture of Odontoglossum crispum in Belgium and England. It was therefore with the greater
pleasure that
I

observed the group of twenty-five plants staged at the

of Bruges,

Temple by M. Vincke-Dujardin,
to be

which enabled a comparison

made.

What most

struck

me was

the length of the racemes, and the

number of flowers borne on each. One had no less than twenty flowers, two had sixteen, one fifteen, and two fourteen, which latter was the highest number observed in any English collection. But taking the flowers individually the difference was barely appreciable. The best flower I could
find in the

group measured four inches from

tip to tip of the petals,

lines.

which

attained a

maximum
line

breadth of seventeen

Now

O. crispum Rex

exhibited by Baron Schroder

was

of precisely the

same

size,

and the petals

other flowers

were only a

narrower, because less deeply toothed.

And

And

this
at

brings

me back

to

the flower of Odontoglossum crispum,

page 99. I was thinking of Baron Schroder's splendid O. crispum apiatum when writing, and the dimensions were taken from a

mentioned

figure in the Gardener's Chronicle.

Since then

have been informed that

fact in explanation,

the figure in question

is

enlarged, and have been able to verify the stateflower.

I

ment by comparison with a

in order to

mention the
I

put others on their guard, and

do not hesitate to
in

and say that no

such explanation should have been necessary

such a case.
question
is

And now,

to return

to

M. Vincke's
?

exhibit, the

how were

This increased vigour is evidently due to increased food supply, and if no manure is used, as has been stated, an explanation might be sought in the water supply. Apart from the longer
those long spikes produced

racemes
sent by

do not consider the plants healthier or better grown than those

for
it

Baron Schroder,
I

must be borne

coloured forms are generally less

the

mind that choice, highlyvigorous than more ordinary ones under

in

same treatment.

am

told that

M. Vincke had
I

still

finer
is

examples at
the cause of

Antwerp, but

am

content to deal with what

?

saw.
is

What
invited.

this increased vigour

solution of the problem

Some

of our records,

fear, are getting a little

I

mixed.

Picking up a

contemporary the other day,

hybrids, and

observed a

list

of

new

species, varieties,

and

among them Promenaea microptera as a new species, Masdevallia x glaphyrantha and M. x Parlatoreana as new hybrids, and Aerides

*6

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

variety.

macolosum Schroderi as a new

into ancient history, for the
first

Surely this

is

little

incursion

and the third from 1879, all fourth actually dates back to the time Lawrenceana and Odontoglossum crispum
described

dates from 1SS1, the second from 1886, being described by Reichenbach, while the
of

Henfrey.

Polystachya
also

xanthotes

have
or

been

months

ago.

All

of

which
it.

is

very confusing,
is

amusing,

according to which

way you

look at

The moral

obvious.

Another

contemporary describes Bifrenaria tyrianthina as "the last Orchid described by Reichenbach." It is only necessary to add that the name appeared as
early as 1854, and an excellent figure ten years later.

Argus.

M.
Several

BARBOSA RODRIGUES'S BRAZILIAN

CATTLEYAS.
Brazilian Cattleyas were described by
et

M. Barbosa Rodrigues

in

Orchideavum novarum, published in 1S77 and 1881. Through the kindness of Prof. Cogniaux, who is monographing the Brazilian Orchids for Martins* Flora Brasiliensis, I have been enabled to
Species

his Geneva

inspect the

original

coloured drawings, and

now
et

offer the

following notes respecting

them :
Cattleya princeps {Rodr. Gen.
Sp. Orch. nov.,
i.

p. 68) is C.

Walkeriana

Gardn.
C. trilabiata (Rodr.,
I.e.,

p.

69)

is

C.

Warned,

T. Moore, a light rosy

form, with the lateral sepals

somewhat enlarged, and showing an approach

I.e.,

to the character of the lip in colour.

C
tound

trichopilioehila {Rodr.,

p.

70)

is

C. Eldorado,

Linden, a form
no drawing was
affinity

with pale rosy segments.

C. eximia {Rodr.,
I.e.,

p.

7 o).-Of this, unfortunately,

it

in the collection,

but

is

described as having

much

with C.

Walkeriana, though differing in having which are monophyllous or diphyllous.

C. dolosa, Rchb.
f.

much longer, cylindrical pseudobulbs, Thus it appears to be identical with

C
.

clongata (Rodr.,

I.e.,

p.

y2 )

is

Alexandra,, L.

Gard. Chron., 1892, i. p. 522), and the former, as the older name must be adopted. It was certainly overlooked when C. Alexandra, was described. Ihe raceme bears four light rosy flowers, most like those of the variety elegans {Lindenia, viii. t. 358).

Lind. and Rolfe

agmnS {R dr
Rc^b
f

"

U"

'

72)

Hght - C0l0Ured form <* C. velutina, "

C. alutacea (Rodr..

Rchb.
I.e., ii. p.

f.

purpurina {Rodr.,

r5

8).-Of

this also

no

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

but from the
description
It
is
it

is

evidently C. amethystoglossa,

Lind.

and

Rchb.

f.,

var. rosea.

a native of Bahia.

In another work (Plantas Novas cultivadas no Javdim

Janeiro)

Bo tanko
(p.

do Rio dc
4, fig.

M. Rodrigues has

figured his Cattleya Aquinii

23,

t.

C),

which absolutely confirms the statement made at page 310 of our last volume that this plant is only a trilabiate state of C. intermedia, in which
the peculiarity has

become

fixed or

permanent.

R. A. Rolfe.

SCHOMBURGKIA
I

TIBICINIS.
tibicinis,

post

you to-day flowers

for

of

Schomburgkia

which
is

have

now bloomed
inches

the

second

time.

The
five

flower-stalk

thirty-nine

long
;

the

length of the

pseudobulb being thirteen and a half

inches

the

greatest

circumference

and
in

half

inches,

and

bearing four leaves from four to six inches

length.

This plant has

in full sun-

been grown during the winter, and up to the present time

light,

70 caused by the heat of the sun.

110
.

an d in a temperature of 6o to 62 Fahr. by night, and 65 to by day, pipe heat, together with any additional rise of temperature

On

one occasion the thermometer registered

Water has been given when required, but no syringing has been allowed. The plant is grown in a pot filled with crocks, and the rhizomes
of the Orchid
sit

on the crocks, with only a small quantity

of fibrous peat

to surface the pot

and

to

wedge the plant

tight in its position.

O. O.

Wrigley.

Bridge Hall, Bury, Lancashire.

DENDROBIUM VERATRIFOLIUM.
This
of the
is

a graceful

and pretty

species,

which was exhibited

at a

meeting

Royal Horticultural Society, on June 12th last, by Mr. W. H. Young, Orchid grower to F. Wigan, Esq., Clare Lawn, East Sheen. Plants were distributed by Messrs. F. Sander and Co., St. Albans, several months ago.
It

has, however, been

known

to

science for upwards of half a century,

in

having been described by Lindley

p.

1843 {Hook. Loud. Joum. of Bot., ii. 236), from dried specimens collected by the late Surgeon-Major Hinds, in

New

Guinea.

D.

lineale, Rolfe {Gard. Chron., 1SS9,

its

ii.

p.

381),

is

evidently

Thus the species was introduced to cultivation five years ago by Messrs. James Veitch and Sons, of Chelsea, who received an Award of Merit for it on June 10, 1S90. The sepals and petals are white, and the lip beautifully
the same species, though
identity has previously been overlooked.

veined with

light

purple.

There

is

very closely allied plant in the

Solomon

Islands, not yet in cultivation,

which has rather larger

petals, but

may

prove to be a variety of the same.

2o8

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

PHAIUS BICOLOR VAR. OWENI/E.

On
Award
April 24th last, Messrs. F. Sander and Co., St. Albans, received an
of Merit for a very pretty

dark coloured Phaius, under the name of

allied to P. bicolor, Lindl.,
it

P. Oweniae,

which was obviously

a native of

Ceylon.

They must have

as

used

it

received a

some considerable time ago, having the seed parent of P. x Owenianus, a handsome hybrid which First-class Certificate at the recent Temple Show, P. Humblotii
received

being the other parent.

Singularly enough a plant has flowered in the

collection of Mr. \V. C. Parkes, Llanberis,

Robinson Road, Lower Tooting,

which

is

known

to

have come with certain other bulbs from Ceylon, a

circumstance which suggests that island as the habitat of the plant. The sepals and petals are about two inches long and of a deep warm brown,

somewhat approaching mahogany

lip

in shade.

The tube and

throat of the
rich

are very deep yellow, the front lobe and apex of the side-lobes

maroon-purple, and the curved spur, which measures three-quarters of an

inch long, deep yellow.
P. bicolor, Lindl.,

Many

of the plants are rather dwarfer

lip,

than ordinary
I

and the flowers, especially the

it

deeper in colour, yet

believe

it

is

only a local variety of

with richly coloured flowers.

Some

forms are nearly as light as

in plate 23 of

Lindley's Scrium Qrchidacearum,

while others are darker, and to these perhaps the varietal

apply.
Its

name
it

will best

dwarfer habit and richly coloured flowers render

a very desir-

able addition to the group.

STANHOPEA CALCEOLUS.
Several of the species discovered by Warscewicz seem to have been lost
sight
of,

and the present one among the number.

It

was described by

Reichenbach over thirty years ago, as a native of Central America, since which time nothing further seems to have been recorded about it. It is
interesting to note that
it

has

Messrs.

Hugh Low and

It

Co., of

now reappeared in the establishment of Clapton at least their plant agrees with
!

the original description, beyond which, alas

its identification.

there

is

nothing to aid one in

forms one of the three known species of the section Stanhopeastrum, which is characterised by having the lip entire and simply

saccate, the other

two being

S. ecornuta, Lindl.,

and

S. pulla,

Rchb.

f.

The

present species enjoys with S. pulla the distinction of having the smallest
flowers in the genus, being scarcely two and a quarter inches across their

They are deep buff yellow, except the front part of the lip, which is paler. The sepals are concave, and the petals sharply reflexed about the middle. The lip is pandurate, and much like a boot rather flattened at the toe, the hind part being saccate. The column is eight lines long, and nearly straight. The newly-opened flowers are very fragrant,
broadest diameter.

with an odour something like water-melon.

R. A. R.

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

209

A GROUP OF PHAL^NOPSIS.
Our
present illustration represents a very interesting
little

group of Phalae-

nopsis,

two

of the figures representing well-known Philippine species, the

is

others forms of the natural hybrid which

occasionally found

where the

two former grow together.

P. Aphrodite (Fig. 20]
is

the one so frequently cultivated under the

erroneous
first

name
it

of P. amabilis,

owing

to Lindley's unfortunate mistake of

with the Malayan plant of that name and then re-describing P. grandiflora, though now that the mistake has been corrected the latter as It there seems a possibility of the right names being adopted. in the books
identifying

was introduced

by Cuming

as long ago as 1S37, and, as

is

well known, has

green leaves and

flowers, with thread-like tendrils in front of the lip white

(unfortunately the tendrils are not

shown

in the

photograph, the apex of the

lost in the

lip in this species being usually inflexed,

and thus

white ground >.

it

P. Schilleriana (Fig. 21) did not appear until 1858,

when

was

intro-

duced by the

late

Consul

Schiller, of

Hamburg.

It

has leaves beautifully

marbled with grey and

dull green,

and rose-coloured flowers with anchor-

2io

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

tendrils.
It

shaped

inhabits

much
it.

the

same area

as the preceding,

and

is

sometimes found associated with

P.

X leucorrhoda

(Fig. 22) originally appeared in 1S75, in

an importation

made by Messrs. Hugh Low and

on account
plants.
of the

Co., of Clapton,

and was described by

of these
flat

Reichenbach as a natural hybrid between P. Aphrodite and P. Schilleriana,

way

it

combined the characters

two

distinct

The

original form
it

had mottled leaves and

roots,

and passed

for P. Schilleriana until

flowered.

Afterwards, other plants appeared with

green leaves (or nearly green) and more rounded roots, though the flowers

showed the same intermediate character. One of these was described as It will be observed that the lip has slender tendrils, as in P. x casta. P. Aphrodite yet the basal angles of the front-lobe are rounded, and the
;

shape of the side-lobes also more

P.

like

P. Schilleriana,

while the petals are

flushed with pink, especially near the base.

x leucorrhoda var. Cynthia (Fig. 23) appeared in 1889, in the lection of F. Wigan, Esq., Clare Lawn, East Sheen, and was not
tinguished from P. Schilleriana until
origin
it

coldis-

flowered.

Then, however,

its

hybrid

was apparent,

for the characters

of P. Aphrodite could be clearly

traced, especially in the side-lobes of the lip and crest.

The

sepals and

petals were strongly flushed with rose, shading off to nearly white near the

margins.
leriana.

The

tendrils,

however, were very similar to those of P. Schila

Immediately afterwards

form appeared with Messrs.

Hugh
in

Low
the

and Co., with the same anchor-shaped tendrils and the usual hybrid
Last spring another form appeared

characters, but with white flowers.

same establishment with the same characteristic shape, but with rosy flowers very similar to Mr. Wigan's plant, and it is this which is represented
in

the photograph.

It

approaches P. Schilleriana more nearly than the

other forms, yet the hybrid characters are obvious enough, and in the living
flower strongly marked.

The photograph was taken by Mr. G. I'Anson,

P.

of

Upper Clapton,
Bull, of Chelsea,

x leucorrhoda from a flower kindly sent by Mr.

W.

and the others from the establishment of Messrs.

illustrates in a graphic

Hugh Low and

Co.

It

manner the way

in

which the characters

If a series of

of the

parent species are combined in the offspring.

the hybrids be
in certain

examined some

will be seen to

approach one parent very nearly

characters, while others lean as strongly towards the other, though in every

case the combination of characters can be traced, and the transition through

intermediate forms

is

gradual.

The group

is

very interesting and beautiful.

ODONTOGLOSSUM CRISPUM VAR. BARONESS SCHRODER.

This
Schroder,
is

very
Dell,

dark

The

which Baron Egham, received a First-class Certificate at the Royal

richly-coloured variety,
for

and

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

Horticultural Society's meeting on June 12th.

n
sepals and petals are

The

almost wholly suffused with rich claret-purple, with the exception of a small nearly white area at the base of each, a similar narrow margin, and a

few pale narrow markings where the large blotches are not quite confluent. The markings on the lip are reddish brown. The flowers measure two and
three-quarter inches across
the

broad

petals,
It

but will
is

probably become

larger as the plant increases in strength.

an exceptionally richlyin

coloured variety,

and

represents the

extreme limit of variation

this

particular direction yet

known.

ODONTOGLOSSUM CRISPUM
This was
also exhibited at the
is

VAR.

GRANDE-MACULATUM.
as the preceding, and received

same time

and beautiful light-coloured spotted form. a similar award. It are very broad, the dorsal sepal being an inch across, and All the segments The petals still broader, and with very rounded apex. the deeply-fringed on the sepals, each of which bears a colour is delicate blush, a little darker
a large

very few (usually three)

cinnamon-brown blotches near the

base.

The

blotches, a few being partially confluent, petals bear about thirty similar There are a few small spots on the lip. A and the basal third unspotted.

flower of each of these

beautiful varieties has been

kindly sent by the

NURSERY NOTES.
Messrs. James Veitch and Sons, Chelsea.

One

Nursery

of interest at the present time at the Royal Exotic of the features new and elegant Disa x langleyensis, which being is a series of the

seen to the best advantage, the long racemes of rosy arranged in groups are It is quite a greenhouse Orchid of charming effect. pink flowers giving a

the easiest

culture.

Another promising plant

proves to be very floriferous,

is

the

new Dendrobium
in cultivation

"lomeratum, which about six months.

though only

Several plants are bearing racemes of its bright rosy The lip, producing a very pretty effect. purple flowers with orange-red There are also a number of very a good grower. plant also appears to be

which the Nursery has so long been famous, and Laelio-cattleya x Hippolyta, the very interestamong them the rich orange Endresio-Wallisii, and a number of hybrid Cypripediums, ing Epidendrum X succession throughout the year. Cattleyas and Odontowhich keep up a show, among the former being a good early C. Gas-lossums make a good Aclandia, &c. One very dark form of Lalia Warscewiczii, C.
interesting hybrids for
kelliana, C.

2i 2

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

tenebrosa bore seven fine flowers on two spikes.

a small batch of what
is

We

also note with interest

evidently Cypripedium Charlesworthii, received in

plants, in poor condition,

September, 1891.

They were small

when

received,

which probably accounts for their not having yet flowered, but as the leaves have the shape and very characteristic markings of this species, there should be no doubt of what they are. The strange thing is that a few plants should have been introduced so long ago without anything being known of its remarkable character.

Other plants worthy of note are some fine Oncidium ampliatum majus, Angrsecum falcatumwith eight racemes, quite a mass of flower, the very rare Dendrobium eburneum, D. Dearei, D. Parishii, and a very

pretty form of D. suavissimum, Spathoglottis Vieillardii, Platyclinis latifolia,

the curious
usually

little

Epidendrum ohraceum, and a

at this season.

variety of the showier Orchids

met with

Messrs. Charlesworth, Shuttleworth, and Co.

The compact and

is

well-arranged

Nursery of

Messrs.

Charlesworth,

Shuttleworth, and Co., Heaton, Bradford, of about half an acre in extent,

devoted almost entirely to Orchids, and contains many features of interest. The houses are built of iron, with a well-arranged system of heating and
ventilation,

and entirely

fitted

with lath

roller

blinds,

which

latter,

we

are likely to play an important part in the Orchid culture of the believe, Although more expensive at the outset than canvas blinds, they future. are far

more durable,

better for the plants during

summer, and

of great

service in

conserving heat during cold and windy nights in winter.

We
we

believe that a

well-known firm are about to commence their manufacture on

a large scale.

Most
Lalia

of the usual

commercial Orchids are grown

in

quantity, and
its

observed large batches of such things as Cattleya labiata and

purpurata,
cinnabarina,

allies,

and

Odontoglossum crispum, Pescatorei,

Cymbidium Lowianum, polyxanthum, Harryanum, cirrhosum

tenebrosa,

and ramosissimum, Miltonia vexillaria and Roezlii, Cypripedium Charlesworthii and bellatulum, Oncidium macranthum and cornigerum, Vanda
Kimballiana,
ccerulea,

and Amesiana, and many others.

Many

of

the

summer-blooming kinds were flowering in profusion, including several of those just mentioned one fine clump of Lselia purpurata bearing eleven spikes of five and four flowers each, while a spike of six flowers appeared on another plant. Of Sophronitis grandiflora we noticed a large batch of both the short- and long-bulbed variety, and curiously enough, the same pecu;

liarity

applies

to

their capsules

the

short-bulbed

form having a short

capsule, and vicc-vcrsd.

Epidendrum Frederici Gulieimi were in flower, also the brightly-coloured Oncidium concolor, Thunia Marshalliana, Maxillaria Sanderiana, Miltonia spectabilis, M. Roezlii, and the very pretty M. Warscewiczii. Among rarer things we
plants of the rare

Many

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

noted a fine plant of Graramatophyllum

213

Rumphianum

with two spikes of

twenty-nine and thirty flowers, Stanhopea graveolens, Gongora bufonia, and many others, of which a mere catalogue would be tedious. Laelia Digbyana,

however, in bud, must not be omitted, as this species is now in demand for hybridisation purposes, and will probably be heard much of in the future.

Cypripedium Charlesworthii
here,

is

a plant to which one instinctively turns

and accordingly we note a large number of plants, some of them well established and likely to flower well this autumn. And here we observed a A small clump showed C. very remarkable circumstance respecting it. and C. bellatulum growing in the same clump, with roots Charlesworthii precisely as collected, and this only makes the mystery of the interlocked, profound, for it appears that its habitat now no longer a secret plant more

the neighbourhood of Arracan, where also has been discovered a new is in And if further corroboration were necessary it locality for C. bellatulum.
the leaf structure, for a section shows a surprising simimight be found in them, which in the case of such distinct plants shows an larity between

adaptation to living
of a

under similar conditions.

events

And what about

?

the chances

natural hybrid between them being discovered

at all

More

unlikely things

have happened, and

we

are likely to have the artificial one, for

we

the reverse cross have both been made. learn that the cross and

Some

And

this leads us to speak of the hybrids.

Mr. Charlesworth has taken

a very large number of seedlings in up hybridising extensively, and has including such fine crosses as Laslia purpurata x various stages of infancy,

X C. amethystoglossa, C. Mendelii Cattleya Dowiana aurea, L. cinnabarina x C. Aclandias, C. Schilleriana x C. X C. Aclandias, L. cinnabarina concolor x C. Curtisii, &c. Many crosses Dowiana aurea, Cypripedium
Cattleya labiata have also been made, and with Sophronitis grandiflora and including S. grandiflora x C. Leopoldii. some of the seedlings are up, we noted S. grandiflora x C. Dowiana aurea, Among the pods not yet ripe superba x L. crispa, C. superba x C. x labiata x Sophronitis cernua, C. C. grandiflora, while good seeds have been Hardyana, L. harpophylla X S.

sown of L. tenebrosa x C. pediums from good crosses are

Dowiana

aurea.

large

number

of Cypri-

progressing towards maturity. The list also enough has been said to show the nature of might easily be prolonged, but work in progress in this interesting establishment. the

Mr. Bull's Annual Exhibition.

during the months of May to July is quite Mr. W. Bull's Orchid Exhibition having been held for upwards of a dozen an annual Institution at Chelsea, present season it is fully up to the average, and years in succession. The a charming sight, the plants being tastefully the large Show House presents ferns, &c, so as to show the flowers off to the arranged with maidenhair

2T4
best

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

advantage.

The

usual popular Orchids, such as Cattleyas, Lselias,

Odontoglossums, Miltonia vexillaria, Cymbidium Lowianum, and others, are

represented in quantity,

many

of

them by a

series of

good

varieties, together

common, but equally interesting things. An enumeration would occupy far more space than we can spare, though we may mention a few of the rarer or more striking ones. Among Odontoglossums we observed the rare O. Williamsii, a handsome thing allied to 0. grande,
of less

with a

number

and valuable on account

Ncetzliana with

June O. hastilabium, and the brightly-coloured 0. cordatum Kienastianum. Several plants of Cochlioda
;

of flowering in

its

pleasing orange-scarlet flowers were, as usual, very

attractive, while of

Oncidiums were several plants

little

very curious O. unicorne, the neat

Gardnerianum, the O. Harrisonianum, O. macranthum

of O.
petals,

aureum with sepals as yellow as the

phymatochilum,
like

and the ever graceful O.

a cloud of insects on the wing. Mr. Bull utilises various graceful species, not particularly noticeable as regards colour, with the happiest effect, and among them Brassia verrucosa and the rare B.

and among Cattleyas we noticed one very striking one called signata, whose exact affinity is a little doubtful, unless it be a remarkable coloured form of C. Mendelii, which should be more carefully compared. Nanodes Medusas bore two of its richly coloured flowers with fringed lip, and a small plant of Promenaea xanthina was wreathed with flowers. Acanthephippium bicolor is not often met with, and was noticeable on account of its peculiar purple colour, as was Lycaste Skinneri alba so much out of season. Round a
for its rich colour,

Keiliana.

Laelia tenebrosa

was conspicuous

small fountain some interesting

little

plants are always arranged, and here

we saw the Trichopilia

Wageneriana,
infracta,

tortilis

and a variety of Masdevallias, as macrura, Reichenbachiana, Chimera, bella and radiata.

Mr. Bull has quite a collection of these interesting plants, for in another house were M. demissa, peristeria, anchorifera, ionocharis, and others, including the remarkable M. muscosa with mossy peduncles and a lip which suddenly closes on the slightest touch. Palumbina Candida and Ornithocephalus grandiflorus are two interesting little Orchids, of

which several

plants were in flower.

It is

rather curious to note

how

and Saccolabiums have been superseded by the cool American Orchids, though we noted the pretty Aerides crispum, japonicum, and Houlletianum, Saccolabmm ampullaceum and curvifolium, and the strongly aromatic Vanda round the other houses shows the source from
:

the smaller Aerides

drawn, where interesting things e coming into flower. A second house is devoted to Odontoglossun >wer, the effect being very graceful. Mr. Bull's Annual Exhibition shows ^at can be done with these charming plants, and has no doubt contributed share to the popularisation of Orchid culture, which has undergone such marked development during recent years.
:

upplies for the

Show Ho

THE ORCHID REVIEW

CALENDAR OF OPERATIONS FOR

By H. A.
Bi-ri.i

JULY.

kk\. lli-hl-ury. M,>,

i,..

in

Ilimiin-ham.

The

temperatures and general treatment

in all

departments should be con-

tinued as advised for last month.

But little repotting will now remain to be done, and this month should see most of it completed, with the exception perhaps of an isolated plant or
two, such as the latest of the Cattleya gigas, Ladia crispa, and similar
late-flowering
kinds.

Cattleya Mendelii and C. Mossiae will

if

now have
compost
to

passed out of bloom, and

that

not already repotted, should be taken in hand at

once, and done carefully in the

same way and

in

a similar

recommended

for

other Cat t ley as, and given every encouragement to

plants in the Intermediate house should likewise

produce strong healthy growth.

The few remaining

be finished.

now

This house usually contains such a varied collection of genera

and species that it is necessary to examine them at intervals, in order that no plant may escape being repotted at the proper season, which is, as
previously stated, as they

be repotted here (which

is

commence now just

is

to

grow.

Among

the last batch to

done) were found a few Oncidiums,

including O. sarcodes, which

a kind given to deterioration.

it

The

best

method that
filling

have found
in

to

grow

at present is to repot

it

every year,

the

pots three-parts

sphagnum moss, placed

the

with drainage, and employing nothing but very lightly, which is watered copiously during
the

growing

season.

Among

Odontoglossums
it

was, notably, the

beautiful O. citrosmum, an Orchid

which
last for

is

not advisable to repot too

It
is

frequently, and

if

done well should

to

two or three years.

best

grown
it

in

two parts of peat

little

one of sphagnum, and potted firmly, keeping

otherwise apt to take place.

moist and, using a

extra shading for a few weeks afterwards, to

is

prevent excessive shrivelling, which

Baskets
;

grow equally well in the latter but suspenders are necessary from the time the young flower-spikes appear, as these naturally take a downward course, and look so much more graceful
are preferable to pots, though the plants

than when staked in an upright position.

the latest to start
this

few of the Lycastes, including

repotted at

of

L. Skinneri and

L. plana, were also

Trichosma suavis, Houlletia Brocklehurstiana, Acropera Loddigesii, and Nanodes Medusa, all of which require the usual compost of peat and sphagnum moss. Sobralias may be repotted during this month, or as soon as the flowering They are quick, strong-growing plants, and when well season is past.
date, as likewise Bifrenaria
Harrisonia;,.

established give but

fleshy roots,

little

trouble.

They make

a large quantity of thick,

size,

and must have pots of a reasonable

with drainage.

which should be only

in

one-fourth

filled
little

They should be potted

good yellow

loam with a

coarse sand, and the old ball of roots need not be broken,

2x6

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

Sobralias
a moderate supply of

though the old crocks and any loose material should be removed.
delight in a cool intermediate temperature, and in

water throughout the year, as they have no special resting period.

Miltonia vexillaria

must now

also be

repotted

where

it

is

needful.

Success with

this

lovely Orchid mainly depends

upon giving the plants

new and sweet material (peat and sphagnum) at least once in every two years, keeping them clean (the method by which this is done has already been stated), giving them intermediate temperature, and last, though not
least, of the careful

use of the watering-can during winter.

Odontoglossum Schlieperianum and O. Williamsii are summer-blooming species, and are now pushing up flower spikes. They are very telling when
strong
;

but
off

if

the spikes are small are of but

little

value, and such are best

pinched

on their appearance, so that

Intermediate treatment
it

the plants have

is

a chance
if

of

becoming strong.

the right one, and

not

repotted early in spring,

should be done immediately after blooming. Inmates of the East Indian house are now making growth, and must not lack moisture. The deciduous Calanthes are now fairly rooted, and may
receive manure.

one of the best ways of applying this is to procure some cow dung, and place a little here and there on the surface of the compost, under which the roots delight to get. Plants of Phalamopsis
I

find

should

now make

the strongest growth of the season.

is

matter, such as leaves,

good

for

them,

if

Decaying vegetable placed underneath the stages

and kept moist. P. grandifiora is sometimes apt to be continually pushing up flower spikes, which if allowed to grow weakens the plant. It is best, therefore, not to allow weakly specimens to bloom, but pinch off the spikes
in order to strengthen the foliage.

Saccolabiums

like the

as the last named, and

flower spikes
;

now

is

the season for

many

of

same treatment them to produce

but should the plants be weakly, the above remark applies. Aganisias succeed best in this house near the glass, in a very light

They grow best in pans or baskets, in a compost of peat and sphagnum. Some of them would appear, by their long creeping rhizomes, to be better adapted for blocks but this method of Orchid culture is not
position.
;

good, and

usually ends

in

failure,

as

one can never keep the roots

in

anything

an evenly balanced condition as when they are beneath the sphagnum moss, which for such species as A. ccerulea should be placed in very lightly. Dendrobium aggregatum, however, is best grown on a block.
like

usually get a portion of a tree-fern stem, or a piece of apple or pear wood, to fix the plant on, suspending it flatwise near the glass.
I

The Calanthes
and succeed best

of the Veratrifolia section (evergreen) are

now blooming,

Intermediate house. As soon as the flower-spikes are cut, the plants may be repotted, using good fibrous loam, leaf soil, and silver sand, and draining the pot about one quarter its depth. The same method for applying manure is good for these as for the deciduous kinds.

in the

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

They
like a liberal

"7

supply of water during summer, and during winter must

not be allowed to become too dry.

Referring again to Cattleya gigas and C. Warneri, a few more words this and the following month is the right time to may now be said, as

and the treatment months. In the first place, let each plant be repotted, if desirable, these two the new pseudobulb is completed and the new roots are just pushing. when
repot,
in
is

other ways

likewise very important during

Similar compost and mode " potting," though perhaps say

of potting as for other Cattleya

I

is

the best.
;

say " basketting " should really

freely

for

no

doubt these two species flower

much more

when grown

in

baskets

place the plants in a cool, well-ventilated and suspended. After repotting, shade the plants for a week or two afterwards, house ; but be careful to of the new compost, in order to avoid until the roots are seen to take hold

any possible check or undue

loss of foliage.
If

effects of root disturbance at this season.

They soon recover from the treated cool that is to say, if

generally be averted,
start again, which,

an abundance of air is though even then some few are almost sure to

given a second growth may

however,

need not cause any anxiety. If it ignoring the existence of a young as though it remained dormant, simply ^ growth will form a little pseudobulb, Sooner or later this immature break. next season, to push forth other leaving the plant free, at its proper time
other eyes. Trust to air, both night strong flowering-sized growths from this second growth, but do not rely upon and day, to assist in preventing Of course, less water should be the withholding of water at the roots. Cattleyas as with Dendrobiums water must given ; but it is the same with when growth is finished, or the plants will not be withheld too suddenly check, which may cause the very thing quickly shrivel and receive a severe pushing of immature growth. It is in the prevent i.e., the
it is

continue to treat the plant exactly occurs,

sought to

dull days of

some Orchids may be kept absolutely dry with winter when

If at this
still

advantage, and not until then. have finished its growth, it must to

season any Orchid should appear

in

have water

reasonable quantity,

amount being reduced very gradually. the

Speaking of
air, I

am

tempted

to say a

few more words.

is

There can be

most valuable agent at no doubt whatever that, if mention this fact once more lest it and I the Orchid grower's command One may sometimes observe some beginners. should be overlooked by new
properly used, air
;

the

hailing from the East Indies, doing very well in species of Orchid, perhaps little attention is given to the subject of hot, close structures, where but
ventilation.

But no good grower of Orchids

will ever
is

deny that

for the cool

and

intermediate kinds, successful culture

due to a very large extent

admittance of pure air. This is no new doctrine. I upon the systematic earliest career of Orchid growing, hearing that well-known remember, in my
successful Orchid enthusiast, the late Mr. and

Dominy,

relate

how

well his

2iS

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

I

Cattleyas grew at Exeter in a house so glazed as to enable him to pass the

handle of a budding-knife between the lap of each pane of glass.

believe

many amateurs

at that

time took the hint, and constructed their roofs on

for the plants during cold

system generally proved too much

especially

wintry weather,
I

when

the houses were in exposed situations, which

can
is

fully

understand would be the case.

paratively

No

doubt the climate

at

Exeter

com-

some parts of England, and perhaps the house in However that might be, and although question was somewhat sheltered.

warm

to

it

may

not be a good system to adopt universally, yet

is

it

clearly sets forth

that which

needful, and the

left

necessarily be

ways and means very much to the judgment

of procuring the

same must
Further

of the cultivator.

remarks upon the subject will be found in the Calendar for January last, under the heading of " Air." There I remarked that cold direct draughts
should be avoided, which
I

now

qualify by saying that for cool-growing

Orchids
cool

it

applies only during severe weather in winter.

For these

species,

direct

draughts during

summer

are probably

more

beneficial

than

otherwise.

Pot up any of the Cypripediums that have finished blooming; these delight in new material (see February Calendar), and quickly recover from
the effects of being shifted.

Pleiones should be manured, and be given

a good thing for there, and also for Thunias
it
;

plenty of water.

Cow dung

is

but should this system prove objectionable,

liquid

may

be applied in the form of

manure.

When

the Thunias have done flowering, they should be

given plenty of air and water for the next two months.
of the

Some

of the earliest

Dendrobiums will soon be finishing off. When the last leaf of D. Wardianum makes its appearance, the plants should be taken to a cooler house, as this species is very quick to start a second time, which should be
avoided
if

possible.

D. chrysanthum
only.

may

be taken to the Cattleya house,

will

and kept moderately dry

denuded of
foliage.

This species

soon

push forth
before
it

its
is

flowering buds, and open during the

autumn months, usually

correspondent wants advice on his Odontoglossum Alexandras " the leaves turn yellow and die, and they are going from bad to worse." The
:

bedding-out system

is

wrong.
in

Plants that grow on the branches of trees

ought not to be planted

beds on the ground, nor on stages, unless it is for a few weeks after being imported to resuscitate. Grow them in pots, and stand the pots on open wood-work stages, so that the air can pass up

between them.
during the

Give an abundance of

air

both night and day, and water

summer as soon as the moss commences to look white, but during winter much less frequently. Do not dip the plants in insecticides
to destroy thrips, as the plants are also
is

destroyed use tobacco powder.

refer
;

It

the chemical insecticides to

which

a liquid extracted from the

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

pure tobacco-leaf
beginning to

219

much less hurtful. make new growth, no matter

is
;

Pot
at

each

plant just

as

it

is

what'time of the year.

dull weather.

Shade

from sunshine, but not during the evening and

in

Damp down

summer

three times a day

in winter, use discretion in

different

accordance with

the weather.
a few

Should this treatment be

of the

from what they have had,

more leaves may probably turn yellow

plants;
but

at first,

showing the weak

treatment, and

constitution

persevere in the above

success is sure to follow ultimately. " Can Orchids be grown in a Wardian case ? " is a question which comes from across the " Atlantic." I am not prepared to answer with a
great

amount

of

authority;

yet

see

no reason why some species of

if

Orchids should not give a reasonable amount of satisfaction

large ventilated case in a light

grown

in a
is,

window

in a well-ventilated

room that

supposing no gas
I

is

used, and their natural requirements be kept in view.

would advise

for a trial, as

being the most likely to grow, the Mexican

a plant each of Cypri-

and Brazilian Cattleyas and Laelias, with perhaps pedium insigne and Ccelogyne cristata.

ORCHID PORTRAITS.
Cattleya Eldorado, vars. Owenii and Lindeni.Lindenia, t. 409. gigas. Garden, May 26th,'p.445, with fig. C. YVarscewiczii, Cattleya
which is mentioned as a synonym, is a far older name. Dayaxa. The fine specimen shown by Baron Schroder Ccelogyne Show. Gard. Chron., June 2nd, pp. 694, 695, fig. Sy. the Temple
Rchb.
f.,

at

Cypripedium callosum Sander*.Gard, Mag., May

with
fig.
;

26th,

p.

303.

Journ. ofHort.,

May

31st, pp. 422, 423,

fig.

68.

x Dallemagnei. The plant which has hitherto been Cypripedium know as C. x Spicero-Lowianum. Lindcnia, t. 411. x graxde atratum. A fine specimen in the collection of Cypripedium

W.

S. Kimball,

Esq., Rochester,
plate.

U.S.A. Gard.

Chron., June 2nd,

p.

692.

supplementary

Cypripedium ixsigxe montanum.Lindenia, t. 414. Dexdrobium x dellense.Gard. Mag., June 9th,

with
fig.

pp.

32S,

329,

and a quarter feet through and crowded with flowers, grown by Mr. Prinsep, gardener to Lord Portman,

Dexdrobium

xobile.

fine

specimen

six

Buxtead Park. Gard. World, June 2nd, pp. 62S, 629, with fig. Dexdrobium xobile Schrcederiaxum. Gard. Mag., May 26th,
with
fig.

p.

294.

Dexdrobium speciosum Hillii. Gard.

with
fig.
t.

World,

June

9th,

p.

645,

L.ELIA x juvexilis. Lindcnia,

415.


220

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

Ljelio-cattleya x elegans var. leucotata.
This
is

a form of L.-c.

x Schilleriana.
with

Lindcnia,

t.

413.
pp.

L.elio-cattleya
fig.

Frederick Boyle. Gard. Mag.,

of Hort.,

312, 316,

Lycaste costata.Joum.
is

June

14th, p. 467,
i.

fig.

76. This

Lycaste mesochlcena, Rchb.

f.

See Orchid Review,

p. 72.

Lycaste x Imschootiana.Lindenia, t. 410. Lycaste Luciani, L. Lind. and Cogn.Lindenia, t. 412. Maxillaria venusta.Orchid Album, t. 492. Miltoxia spbctabilis.Orchid Album, t. 491. Miltoxia vexillaria. Garden, June 23rd, p. 536, with fig. Odontoglossum cordatum aureum.Orchid Album, t. 489. Odoxtoglossum crispum, Baroxess Schroder. Joum.
June
21st, pp. 490, 491, fig. 80.

of

Hort.,

Odoxtoglossum crispum xobilius.Joum.

423, 43o,
fig.

of Hort.,

May

31st, pp.

64.

Odoxtoglossum crispum Rbx.Gard. Mag., Odoxtoglossum crispum Sand brjb. Joum.

401, 408,
fig. 65.

pp. 312, 316, with

of Hort.,

fig.

May

24th, pp.

Odoxtoglossum crispum var. Waltonense. Lindcnia, t. 416. Odoxtoglossum Vuylstekeaxum. Gard. Mag., June 23rd, p. ^j,
with
fig.

Oxcidium amphiatum majus. Garden, June 9th, Palumbixa Candida. Orchid Album, t. 490. Phaius x Oweniands.-Joum. of Hort., June
Gard. Chron., June 23rd, pp. 783, 787,
fig.

p.

491, with

fig.

7 th,

p.

445,

fig.

72

102.

Selenipedium Sargextiaxum, Rolfe. The interesting Brazilian species described at p. 239 of our last volume. Gard. Chron., June 23rd, p. 781,
fig.

100.

Staxhopea Martiana. Garden, June 2nd,

p.

470, with

fig.

CONTINENTAL NOTES.
By
Ch. de Bosschere.

At

the

International

Horticultural

Exhibition

at

Lille*

many

beautiful

Orchids were sent, by MM. Boutemy and M. Ad. Van den Heede, from France, and MM. Peeters and Vervaet, from Belgium. Among the numerous species and varieties sent by M. Peeters must be mentionedthe beautiful varieties of Odontoglossum crispum guttatum, an unusually dark Lselia tenebrosa, a beautiful Cattleya Mossia Reineckiana with richlycoloured lip, a Cattleya Warned remarkable for the breadth of the petals and rich colour of the lip, Oncidium macranthum with seventy-five flowers,


THE ORCHID REVIEW.
221

a charming 0. superbiens, Miltonia vexillaria gigantea, remarkable for the

size of its flowers, Masdevallia Veitchii grandiflora, a dark Cattleya Skinneri,

and Lselio-cattleya
splendid
lip.

Schilleriana

with lilac-coloured

segments and a

At the meeting of the Societe royale d'Agriculture

the

et de Botanic,

and

Chambre

syndicate des horticultures, of Ghent, Certificates of Merit

were accorded to the very interesting Chondrorhyncha Chestertoni exhibited by M. A. Van Imschoot Cattleya Mossiae maxima and C. M. purpurata
;

from

M. de Langhe-Vervaene and to Odontoglossum Vuylstekeanum, Cypripedium Lawrenceanum Hyeanum, and Cochlioda Ncetzliana, from M. Jules Hye. M. Pynaert sent a beautiful hybrid from C. Curtisii x
;

Lawrenceanum

[a

form of C. x Gowerianum. Ed._, and M. Coryn a very

good Cattleya Mendelii. At the meeting of the Orchideene, of Brussels, many fine Orchids were shown. The following each received a First-class Diploma of Honour
:

Laelio-cattleya

X Valvassorii
all

(C.

Warned x

L. purpura), Laelia purpurata

fastuosa, the bright

purple Bifrenaria tyrianthina, and Aerides Regnieri,

exhibited by Messrs. Linden.

from Cochin China,

Also Anguloa x

Madouxiana from M. Madoux, and the dark-coloured Cypripedium caudatum Lombaerdianum from M. de Lombaerde. Among those to which Certificates of Merit were awarded may be noted Cattleya Mossiae from M. Van Wambeke, the very dark Odontoglossum crispum purpureum from M. Kegeljan, and a fine Cypripedium Rothschildianum from M. Madoux. M. Van Wambeke exhibited a group of good varieties of Odontoglossum, well cultivated. Good forms of Cattleya Mendelii and Odontoglossum crispum were exhibited by M. Van Wambeke, also Cattleya gigas, Laelia purpurata, and a very beautiful L. tenebrosa, by M. le Comte de Bousies.
In

the

houses

of

the

Horticulture

Internationale

are

masses

of

Cattleya Mendelii, Mossiae, and Aclandiae,

many
;

of the

brilliant-flowered
fine lot

Masdevallias and Cochlioda Ncetzliana, numerous Cypripediums, a

of Miltonia vexillaria and
Laelia purpurata

also

Dendrobium Dalhousie-

anum, Vanda teres, V. suavis, &c. At the establishment of M. A. A. Peeters the Cattleyas and Odontoglossums are flowering by hundreds, but especially noteworthy are
of the

a plant

superb Laslio-cattleya X Arnoldiana, which gained the Gold Medal

Royal Horticultural Society some time ago, the richly-coloured Cattleya Mossiae Peetersii, C. M. vestalis with five charming flowers, the
of the

beautiful Miltonia

x Bleuana

nobilior,

and many plants of Laelia tenebrosa.

In the establishment of M. Ch. Vuylsteke, of Loochristy, are

things,

many

fine

including a very fine

Cattleya

Mendelii,

the

beautiful

Odonto-

glossum Vuylstekeanum, O. triumphans with large and delicately tinted flowers, and a fine Odontoglossum crispum with flowers four inches in
diameter.

222

THE OUCBID REVIEW. L^LIO-CATTLEYA x ELEGANS VAR. TURNERI.

This
is

one of the oldest varieties, and

still

unsurpassed

for richness of

colour, as a flower from the collection of J. Gurney Fowler, Glebelands, South Woodford, clearly shows. It may easily be distinguished by this

character, combined with the distinctly obovate shape of the front lobe of the lip. For a complete account of the varieties of this beautiful hybrid we
refer

our readers to page 235 of our

;

last

volume, where they are treated

of the

in detail

also L.-c.

x Schilleriana, some

forms of which are often

confused with L.-c. x elegans.

ORCHIDS AT THE
Generally speaking
the
first

ROYAL HORTICULTURAL
SOCIETY.
meeting after the Temple Show shows a

marked falling off in the number of exhibits, but this year furnishes a marked exception, as the exhibits at the Drill Hall, James Street, Westminster, on June 12th, were above the average, and the work of the Orchid Committee was exceptionally heavy, nearly a hundred subjects, including the groups and the competitive class for new Orchids having to be adjudged.

The

W. H.

President, Sir Trevor Lawrence, Bart., Burford, Dorking (gr. Mr. White), contributed a very interesting collection, containing many
species.

Five of them were selected for Botanical Certificates, namely, Bulbophyllum barbigerum, the rare Promenasa macropinteresting botanical
tera, the pretty little
specific

name

is

Polystachya Lawrenceana, P. bulbophylloides, whose eminently descriptive of its habit, and the pigmy Epiden-

drum organense

(Rolfe).

fine spike of

Aerides maculosum Schrcederi, also

Other interesting plants were Dendrobium Bensonise album, a form of Odontoglossum x excellens labelled 0. Pescatorei Prince of Orange, Octomeria diaphana, and others. Baron Sir H. Schroder, The Dell, Egham (gr. Mr. Ballantine), showed

received a First-class Certificate.

These were 0. crispum Baroness Schroder, an unusually dark claret-purple form, O. c. grande-maculatum, a very fine
spotted form, and a remarkable form of O. x Coradinei, exhibited as O. crispum mirabile. The two former received First-class Certificates and the
latter

three brilliant Odontoglossums.

an Award of Merit.

Barri Crawshay, Esq., Rosefield, Sevenoaks (gr. Mr. S. Cooke), contributed i 1 very fine group, which received a Silver Flora Medal. It
1,

De

contained

many

fine

Cattleyas, &c.

Two

forms of Odontoglossum crispum, Laelia purpurata, plants which were selected for special awards were
)

Odontoglo ssum citrosmum Rosefield

rosy-coloured labellum, and
(

having large white flowers with crispum, Miss Florence Bovill, a rose-tinted
var.,

form blotc hed with Indian re 0. c. pulv ereum had flowers,

each of which received an Award of Merit. vered with minute crimson dots.

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

Measures, Esq., Cambridge Lodge, Camberwell (gr. Mr. Chapman), also received a Silver Flora Medal for a large and excellent group, including
I.

R.

fine

Cattleyas and Laelia purpurata, about three dozen well-flowered Miltonia vexillaria, species and hybrids of Cypripedium, various Masdevallias,

M. x Heathii, M. x Gairiana, several forms of M. ignea, M. ephippium, M. Chimera, and M. calura, the latter receiving a Botanical
including
Certificate.

Physosiphon Loddigesii and other botanical Orchids were also

Major Joicey, Sunningdale Park (gr. Mr. Thorne), received a Silver Banksian Medal for a good group, including fine specimens of Miltonia vexillaria, one very fine one with sixteen spikes, receiving a Cultural Commendation Dendrobium atroviolaceum, Epidendrum vitellinum majus, and
;

two splendidly flowered plants of Anguloa Clowesii,

First-class Certificate.

this species receiving a

E. Ashworth, Esq., Harefield Hall, Wilmslow, exhibited a good Cattleya Mendelii Bluntii.

Welbore
half

S. Ellis, Esq.,

Hazelbourne, Dorking

(gr.

Mr. Masterton), sent

c.

dozen Odontoglossum crispum, including the pure white O.

R. Lee, Esq., Beech Lawn, Audenshaw, Manchester
raised

virginale.

W.
ton),

(gr.

Mr. Billing-

showed Cypripedium x Beechense,

J. Pitt, Esq.,

from C. Curtisii and C.

superbiens.

H.

Rosslyn, Stoke Newington

(gr.

Mr. Aldous), received a

First-class Certificate for Cattleya Mossiae alba, Pitt's variety, a very fine

form near C. M. Wageneri, but with a

of lip.
J.

little

purple

marbling near apex

T. Bennett-Poe, Esq.,

Holmwood, Cheshunt, showed Lycaste Deppei.

g r. Mr. Johnson),

T. Statter, Esq., Stand Hall, Whitefield, Manchester

exhibited Selenipedium Sargentianum and a hybrid Odontoglossum allied to

O. x Wilckeanum.

Walton Grange, Stone, Staffs, [gr. Mr. Stevens exhibited a fine Laelia tenebrosa, Walton Grange var. certificated last year), and some fine Odontoglossums, of which the three following each received an Award of Merit, O. crispum aureum, 0. x Wilckeanum grande, and O.
Esq.,
,

W. Thompson,

luteopurpureum sceptrum leopardinum.

R. B. White, Esq., Arddarroch, N.B., sent flowers of

many forms

of

Odontoglossum crispum, including some fine spotted forms. F. Wigan, Esq., Clare Lawn, East Sheen (gr. Mr. W. H. Young, sent Phalaenopsis speciosa and P. s. Imperatrix. Cattleya Mendelii, Laelia
grandis,

Wigan's

var.,

with deep yellow sepals and petals, and Dendrobium

A. Witt, Esq., Bloomfield Road,

Maida Vale,

sent Cypripedium bellatu-

lum with radiating

lines of spots

on the dorsal sepal.

224

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

The
prize for the best
St.

new hybrid Orchid

of 1894

was won by Messrs.

Dendrobium
a

F.

Sander and Co.,

Albans, with the beautiful Phaius x Owenianus, which

received a First-class Certificate at the

Temple Show.

Grifn-

thianum Guibertii from the same establishment received

Certificate
;

First-class

Cattleya Mossise, R. H. Measures, a handsome

lip,

blush form

with purple blotch on

Botanical Certificate.

an Award of Merit, and Epidendrum alatum a

Oncidium Lanceanum, Pescatorea Klabocharum, P. Lehmanni and Laslio-cattleya x Wellsiana (C. Trianas Leeana x L. purpurata) were also shown.

James Veitch and Sons, Chelsea, sent several very interesting things, including a fine pan each of their new Dendrobium glomeratum and Disa x langleyensis, the rich orange Lselio-cattleya x Hippolyta, and three hybrid Masdevallias, which latter each received an Award of Merit. These were M. x Parlatoreana (Barlseana % X Veitchiana), x glaphyrantha (infracta ? x Barlaana ), and the new M. X Asmodia (M. x Chelsoni % x
Messrs.

Reichenbachiana
Messrs.

Z),

which

is

described on another page.

Hugh Low and

M.

Co., Clapton, exhibited a fine lot of Cattleya

lip,

Mossise, including C.
intricata,

Schrcederse, with richly-coloured

of

the rare C. X

Cypripedium bellatulum, including one with crimson-tinged flowers called C. b. Lowii, and the rare Houlletia Lansbergii, which received a Botanical Certificate.
Messrs. \Y. L. Lewis and Co., Southgate, received a Silver Banksian

some good forms

some showy Cattleyas, fine forms of La;lia purpurata, Miltonia vexillaria, Cypripediums, Oncidium ampliatum majus, and Lvcaste aromatica. Cattleya Warscewiczii albo-striata was a
for

Medal

an

effective group, including

fine

form with white veining.

Messrs.

Linden,

L' Horticulture

Internationale,

Brussels, received an

Award

of xMerit for the rare purple Bifrenaria tyrianthina.

They

also sent

pan of Cochlioda Ncetzliana, Aerides Regnieri, and a fine Laeliocattleya derived from Laelia purpurata x C. Warneri, evidently a variety of
a splendid

CORRESPONDENCE,
;

&c.

d Young, Esq., Sefton Park, Liverpool, sends four beautiful forms of Cypripedium to show how much it varies, one especially (of which a photograph is enclosed) a beautiful raceme of Odontoglossum x excellens ; two f large dark blotches of O. crispum, one being curiously marked all over with short purple radiating
a tine Cattleya Mendelii.
J
"

The diminutive form of Cypripedium niveum may

is

not

'oped though the growth

healthy.

Es

The Amateur Orchid

Cultivator's Guide
By
I

Book

H. A.

BURBERRY,

F.R.H.S.

^HIS Book
beginners

contains sound pra

in

Orchid Culture.
;

In Cloth, price 2 6

post-free, 2 9.

CAN BE OBTAINED FROM THE "ORCHID REVIEW" OFFICE.

ETHEL HOUSE,

KING'S HEATH, BIRMINGHAM;

BLAKE & MACKENZIE,

School

Lane,

LIVERPOOL.

THE ORCHID ALBUM

Comprising Colouiti! Fi_
it

mil \K-< riptions ot

NEW, RARE, AND BEAUTIFUL ORCHIDACEOUS PLANTS

cultivated in this Country.

Conducted by ROBERT WARNER, F.L.S., F.R.H.S., Author of " Select Orchidaceous BENJAMIN SAMUEL WILLIAMS, F.L.S., F.R.H.S., Author of " The Plants;" HENRY Orchid Growers' Manual," &c. THOMAS MOORE, F.L.S., F.R.H.S.
;
;

WILLIAMS,
Coloured

F.L.S., F.R.H.S.

and

WILLIAM HUGH GOWER,

F.L.S.

Figures

bv

JOHN NUGENT FITCH,

The F.R.H.S. Dedicated by special

permission to H.R.H. the Princess of Wales.

B. S.

WILLIAMS & SON,

N.

PUBLISHED BV

VICTORIA AND PARADISE NURSERIES,

UPPER HOLLOWAY, LONDON,

TO BUY AN ORCHID.

TO SELL AN ORCHID.

THE ORCHID EXCHANGE.

years there has been an increasing necessity among Orchidists for a recognised medium through which Duplicates of Seedling, New, Rare, and
late

Of

Fine Varieties of Orchids

may

be either bought or

sold.

Acting under the advice and with the support of many prominent Amateurs, I have instituted and registered this Exchange as a trading

Amateurs having duplicates

advantageous method.

for

Disposal, or desirous of adding

any

particular species or variety to their collections will find this a

cheap and

No

plant will be accepted for sale, or sold, without being

GUARANTEED
PROSPECTUS, with
fuller

true to

name and

description.

information as to terms, &c,

may be had

of the

Manager
P.

WEATHERS,

Silverhall Nursery, Isleworth.

FIRST LIST

NOW

READY, FREE FOR STAMP.

TO LET.

ORCHIDS
A SPECIALITY.
Messrs.

ORCHIDS!
ORCHIDS!!
ORCHIDS!!!
ESTABLISHED & IMPORTED.
IMPORTATIONS ARE BEING

Charleswortli,

CONSTANTLY RECEIVED.

Shuttleworth&Co.
Heaton,

INSPECTION CORDIALLY INVITED.

BRADFORD,

HUGH LOW Mo.,

Upper Clapton,

INSPECTION INVITED.

LONDON.

Warne's
Used by
all

Orchid

Protector

principal Orchid Growers throughout

ORCHID PEAT.

J.

WEEKS
.

&

CO,,

iUn-ticultnvai Cutilbcr*

Conway G. Warne, Limited,

Royal Hort. Soc

Royal Botanic Soc, Parks and

ROYAL POTTERIES,

Public Buildings.

WESTON-SUPER-MARE.

Patentees of the Duplex

OprigMT

ORCHID HOUSES
A SPECIALITY.

CATTLEYA HOUSE ERECTED NEAR BRISTOL.

FOR PRACTICAL AND EFFICIENT ERECTION OF

HORTICULTURAL BUILDINGS

HEATING APPARATUS,
JAMES CRISPIN, F.R.H.S., & SONS, NELSON STREET, BRISTOL.

THE

ORCHID REVIEW
an
3llu0trate& flDontblv Journal,

DEVOTED TO ORCHIDOLOGY.

Notes Stanhopea Haselowiana

225 226

Vanda
Lielia

teres aurorea

...

tenebrosa.

Waltc

The Hon.

Erastus Coming's Orchids... 227 ... 229 Oncidium refractum ...

A Group
0.
c.

of Odontoglossm
1
1
1

Dies Orchidianas Sarcochilus unguiculatus

Notices of Books

230
231

O.crispum^
Rex

(Fig. 25

232
O. x

233 Gongora Scaphephorus ... 234 Notes on Orchids in the Jungle Cypripedium X Harrisianum virescens 2^
Lselio-cattleya

Wikk
fib

Polypodium
pea*
1

Schiller iana leucotata 237

its allies
...

<

rchi

Is

at

Grange Colle Trentham ...

Restrepia antennifera and

237

L^lia tenebrosa,
flowers

Hamar Ba
23s

Odontoglossum gloriosum with double

Orchid Portraits Cypripedium bellatulum t Calendar of Operations fo ... Continental Notes

PRICE ONE SHILLING MONTHLY.

12/I

-w

The

ORCHID REVIEW

is

published regularly on the

in advance.

first

of

each

month

ice i/-, net.

Annual Subscription 12/-, payable The Editor invites short communic

ng subjects (which should

etc., of rarities.

written on one side of the paper only), also portraits,

All Subscriptions, Advertisements, Communications and Books for review, should addressed : The Editor of the Orchid Review, Lawn Crescent, Kew.

Cheques and Postal Orders should be made payable

sure safety in transit, should be crossed "

to

Frank Leslie &

Co., and, to

&

Co."

Volume

I.

can be supplied unbound at

12;-, or

bound

in cloth, 13/-, post free.

Also

SCALE OF CHARGES FOR ADVERTISEMENTS.

One-eighth Quarter coh

1

Advertis

month.

YEITCM'S
MANUAL OF ORCHIDACEOUS PLANTS,
CULTIVATED UNDER GLASS
IN

GREAT BRITAIN.

Part II.-CATTLEYA and L^ELIA. Price, 10s. Part III.-DENDROBIUM. Price, 10s. 6d. by Part IV. CYPRIPEDIUM. Price, 10s. 6d. ; by and allied genera. Pi Part Part VI.-CCELOGYNE, EPIDENDH PH.--RIDES, Part VII Part VIII ONCIDIUM and MILTONIA. Pric CYMBIDIUM, Part
:

V MASDEVALLIA

VAND

IX

ZYGOPETALU
of the

Part X.

-GENERAL REVIEW

OF

JAMES VEITGH & SONS,

544, KING'S

IRo^at Eyotic flutsetfc

ROAD, CHELSEA, S.W.

THE ORCHID
NOTES.
Two
Hall,

REVIEW.

meetings of the Royal Horticultural Society

will be held at the Drill

Westminster, during August, on the 14th and 28th, respectively, when the Orchid Committee will meet at the usual hour of 12
Street,

James

o'clock, noon.

The

sale of the second part of the Pickering

Lodge Collection

of Orchids

and though not so well attended as the previous one, some good prices were realised, and many lots sold for three guineas and upwards. Cattleya Mendelii Bluntii fetched 100 guineas
12th,
;

took place on July

nth and

Laelia

crispa

superba,

magnificent
;

specimen,

52

guineas;

Sobralia

Lucasiana, a fine specimen, 46 guineas S. xantholeuca alba, in flower, 44 guineas; Cattleya Gaskelliana alba, in flower, 3S guineas; Dendrobium Statterianum, 20 guineas Cypripedium superbiens, 15 guineas, and several
;

plants of Miltonia vexillaria superba from 10 guineas and upwards.

Mr. P. Weathers, formerly traveller for Messrs. Linden, of Brussels, has commenced business on his own account at Islevvorth, under the title of
the object being to enable amateurs to dispose of duplicate specimens, &c. Further particulars may be found in our ad-

The Orchid Exchange,

vertisement columns.
following
:

has been issued, from which we note the Cypripedium Fairieanum, with four growths, 150 guineas C.
first list
;

insigne Sanderae, one growth,

70

Laslia Perrinii alba,

50

Cypripedium

Fairieano-Lawrenceanum, 30 guineas; C. x vexillarium superbum, 14 growths, 12 guineas, &c, ranging down to Lycaste cruenta at five shillings. Vendors are required to guarantee all plants true to name, so that, if

properly managed, the

new concern should prove

useful to collectors.

226

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

The new Cypripedium Charlesworthii, of which a coloured plate appeared in our issue for December last, has now begun to flower. We have seen many plants in bud, and Messrs. Hugh Low and Co. exhibited four at the
Drill

Hall on July 24th.

flowerer.

We

shall

would therefore appear to be a summer soon be able to judge of its value, and how far it is
It
It

subject to variation.

appears to be a very good grower.

A
ment

hybrid Sobralia has

of Messrs.

now

appeared, having been raised in the establishIt

crossing S.

James Veitch and Sons, of Chelsea. macrantha and S. xantholeuca, and received

was obtained by

a First-class Certifi-

cate from the Royal Horticultural Society on July 24th.

A
F.

very interesting batch of seedlings has been raised in the collection of

of

Hardy, Esq.,

Tyntesfield,

Ashton-on-Mersey,
$.

from

Cattleya

Hardyana % and

Lselia

Digbyana
for a

cannot be expected to flower

be watched with interest.

They are very small at present, and number of years, but their progress will

Cattleya

Rex

is

now

flowering in various places.

In the collection of

T. Statter, Esq., Stand Hall, Whitefield, Manchester, there are nine plants showing bloom, one of them with three spikes. One or two of the flowers
are just expanding.

About four flowers

to a spike
its

seems

to be the average.

We

shall soon be in a position to

judge of

merits.

STANHOPEA HASELOWIANA.
in

This very handsome Stanhopea never seems to have become common collections, though it was described as long ago as 1855 {Otto unci Dietr.
322).
in

Allg. Gartenz., xxiii. p.

Warscewicz, and flowered

poor figure
72),
is

was introduced from North Peru by the collections of Herr Haseloff at Berlin. A
It
(i.

given in Reichenbach's Xenia Orchidacecz

pp. 123, 196,

t.

though the petals and lip are wrongly coloured purple. A plant has now bloomed in the Kew collection, which shows its true character. The
flowers have

much

of the structure of a large S.

lip, is

Wardii, but the mesochil,

its

or middle part of the

colour
is

longer than in any of

allies.

The ground

cream-white, with numerous ring-like, reddish purple spots on the sepals and petals, while the lip and column are spotted all over with deep purple spots, some of them being linear in shape. The channel of the hypochil is unusually wide, being nearly a quarter of an inch across at its
broadest part, and as
the mesochil
is

much

as two lines at

its

narrowest.

The

length of

evidently exaggerated in the figure above cited, so that S.

t.

Moliana, Rolfe (Lindema, supposed.

331), can

hardly be as different as at

first


THE ORCHID REVIEW.
227

THE HON. ERASTUS CORNING'S ORCHIDS.

This Collection
one of the oldest and most noted in the United States. It is situated a few miles below Albany, New York, at Mr. Coming's summer residence a farm of over 400 acres. The gardens are under the manageis

Mr. William Grey, who has held the position for over forty years, and the Orchid collection embraces many hundred species and choice varieties, which occupy six houses.
of

ment

The

first

house

is

nearly one hundred feet long, and

is

chiefly occupied,

by Cattleyas and Lselias.

tanks of water,
uninjured.

The

plants are grown on iron gratings, over open

many

of the roots extending

is

down

At present there

very

little

and are apparently of importance in flower, but

into
it,

among
dora,

the better kinds noted

were Cattleya

Trianse Colmanii (true), C.

T. Corningii and C. T.
C.

Bonnyanum, C. Warscewiczii Normanii, C. X Pan(type), Laelia

a.

x Penelope

anceps Dawsonii, L.

a.

Ballantineana,

L.

a.

Hilliana, and L.

Schrcederiana.

Here are

also a fine lot of LselioL.-c.

cattleyas, including several fine L.-c

x exoniensis,

fausta, L.-c.

triophthalma, part of the type plant, L.-c. X elegans Turned, L.-c. x

siana, a large plant of L.-c.

Ame-

bella, L.-c.
fine

x callistoglossa, with four leads,

and L.-c. x Veitchiana.

Some

specimens of Cymbedium eburneum, with

many

other species, are well grown at the cool end of this house.
is

No canvas

shading

used, but during the

summer months

the glass

is

heavily painted.

The Cypripediums occupy

a house sixty-five feet long, and comprise very

many fine specimens

prsestans, Druryi,

of the leading species

and hybrids, such as philippinense,

;

x vernixium, barbatum grandiflorum, with 100 growths barbatum bifiorum, with 20 flowers x nitens, x Arthurianum, x Smithii, x Niobe, x vexillarium, Stonei platytasnium, &c. Of the Selenipedium:; may be mentioned such fine things as S. x albopurpureum and S. x
;

Schrcederae.

Successful Orchid hybridisation has been carried on here since 1869, for

experimental purposes only.

The

earlier crosses never reached maturity,

but later experiments have developed

some

interesting results.

Cypripedium

Godefroyae $ crossed with C. niveum $ produced from the same seed pod, C. concolor, niveum, Godefroyae, leucochilum, C. leucochilum pure white, bella-

tulum, and nearly

fifty

intermediate forms. 1

C. insigne Chantini fertilised

;

x vexillarium similarly treated produced several seedlings, each one differing in some C. x Harrisianum and C. x H. superbum crossed with respect or other. their own pollen produced seedlings none of them exactly like their parent.
with
its

own

pollen produced thirty different results

C.

piece of the original type of C. Spicerianum crossed with

1

its

own

pollen

Seedlings and hybrids do vary somewhat, even from No such case as the one the same seed pod, but many of the difl now mentioned has ever been recorded before, and one would like to know more particulars, and see some of the flowers. The experiment should certainly be repeated. Ed.
Is there not

some mistake here?

228

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

all

resulted in twenty-three seedlings,

respect.

differing

from the parent

in

some

hybrids of Phaius, Dendrobium, Cypripedium, &c., have been flowered, but as they had previously been described, no mention was

Many

made

of them.

Adjoining the Cypripedium house is the Vanda department, and here are many well-grown specimens. The plants are grown in very little material mostly crocks, with a top-dressing of fine sphagnum, and dry, broken cowdung. The plants are syringed overhead daily in fine weather, and plenty of air is given at all times. A temperature of 60 to 70 in winter, and
to 85 in

summer

750

is

given,

when

possible.

Among

the largest specimens

bloom, were noted brides crispum Lindleyanum, A. expansum Leonid, A. Houlletianum, A. Lobii, and A. Rohanianum of Angraecums may be noted, A. densum, extra large, A. bilobum, A. distichum, A. Ellissii a large plant three feet high with four growths; A modestum and A Scottianum, with many growths in full bloom. Also a grand specimen of the pretty rose-purple flowered Camocrotis purpurea; Saccolabium curvifohum, S. giganteum, S. retusum with four large spikes, &c. In the same house are grown a lot of fine specimen Dendrobiums, mostly out of flower at present, except D. x Corningianum, Dearei, x Fitchianum, a few late nobile, &c. In this portion are many fine Ccelogyne pandurata, and wellgrown plants of Chysis.
in
;

mostly

United States, and embraces over five hundred plants, and nearly fifty species and varieties. The plants bear from five to nine leaves, each measuring from twelve to twenty inches in length, and four or five in width, and are entirely free from spot. They are grown on iron grating-in well-crocked baskets, with sphagnum and dry cow manure siftings, under which are grown large ferns
for the roots to

The Phalaenopsis

collection

is

without a

rival in the

grow among.
times
is
;

air is given at all

o to 90 in

plants are syringed daily in dry weather ; and a temperature of 650 to 750 during winter, and

The

summer,

maintained.

The appended

list

includes the finest

noticed :-P. Aphrodite alba, P. A. Dayana, with fine coloured base to hp P. A. erubescens, with flowers flushed with pink P. A advena - (grandiflora) aurea, P. cornucervi, with leaves over a foot long j P. Corningiana, Cynthia, a natural hybrid, with leaves like P. Schilleria P. denticulata, P. Esmeralda, P. E. antennifera, P. E. fasciata, P. gloriosa
;

varieties

broad,
P.

stiff,

light

green foliage and white and

intermedia, and varieties Portei, and Brymeriana, with large arching panicles of bright flowers P. x leucorrhoda alba, and P. x 1. maculata P
;

"amVh^tintrf

7^1^
P.

Lown, P. Lueddemanniana, with flower spikes eighteen inches long; Mannn, crowded with tiny brown barred
flowers
;

Lueddemamana group: the tiny white and violet P. Parishii, P. Reichenbachiana man } tine plants of P. rosea P. Schroder* with leaves one foot long and
;

P. Maris, of the

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

two
fine

229
P. Stuartiana var

spikes
P. S.

P. Schilleriana alba

and

P. S. striata,

nobilis

and

punctatissima, P. speciosa vars. Christiana and Imperatrix,

the
Boxallii

P. Vallentini,

of

section

P.

tetraspis, P.

sumatrana vars

ochracea and sanguinea, P. x Veitchii and var. brachyodon, P. violacea Schroederiana> and the allied Doritis Wightii.

The Odontoglossums occupy two north

tion.

houses, and are grown to perfec;

0.

Raised shades are used to protect them during summer the floors are of cement, and the benches of stone, and water-tight, so as to hold an inch of water for evaporation. The following were among the best noted
:

X Andersonianum and its varieties Ruckerianum and hebraicum O. cirrhosum Klabochorum, O. Corningianum, O. coronarium, O. crispum, and
;

varieties

flaveolum

(true),

Chestertoni,

guttatum,

Rothschildianum,

Shuttleworthii, Walkerianum, and virginale, 0. Dawsonii, 0. Denisoniae, 0.

X elegans, O. Hallii, O. hystrix magnificum, O. lyroglossum, O. mirandum, 0. X mulus, O. nebulosum, 0. naevium, O. Pescatorei Shuttleworthii, O.
P. roseum,

and others

O. polyxanthum, O. prsestans, O. praenitens, O.

purum, O. radiatum, O. ramossissimum, O. Sanderianum, O. x tentaculatum, 0. tripudians vars. aureum, O. t. Harryanum, 0. triumphans, O. Vuylstekianum (type), O. Wallisii, O. x Wilckeanum and var. pallens.

There are also some very

feet across,

fine

specimens of Miltonia

vexillaria,

two or more

with twenty to thirty-five spikes of bloom, and

in height.

many

of the

growths eighteen inches

Many

other genera might be mentioned, such as Lycaste, Maxillaria,

will serve to give

Calanthe, Phaius, &c, but the above mentioned

the extent and richness of the collection.

an idea

of

Orange,

New

Jersey.

R.

M. Grey.

ONCIDIUM REFRACTUM. We
Alfred

have now evidence for the

first

time of this excessively rare species

being in cultivation, a plant having just flowered in the collection of M.

Van Imschoot,
li.

of

Gand.

It

was described by Reichenbach

in

1854

(Bonplandia,

p.

12),

from specimens collected

by Purdie, ten years

before, at St. Sebastian

Nevada, Santa Martha,

in

New

Granada.
It

Wagener
belongs to
f.

also obtained

it

at

San Pedro,

the province of Ocana.

is allied

Lindley's group, Microchila exaurita, and

to O.

zebrinum, Rchb.

Nearly

all

the species of this group have a straggling inflorescence, and the

flowers being mostly small, they are chiefly of botanical interest.

The

and front part The flowers are light greenish yellow, barred with dusky brown, of the lip. the sepals and petals being undulate and much acuminate. We have no
is

present species

remarkable

for the

much

reflexed column,

record of the introducer of the present species, nor yet

in cultivation.

how

long

it

has been

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

DIES ORCHIDIAN^.
Orchid books seem to be just now in the ascendant. No sooner have Messrs. James Veitch and Sons completed their standard Manual of Orchidaceous Plants than we have to welcome the .seventh edition of Mr. B. S. Williams's Orchid Grower's Manual in a new and greatly improved dress. M. L. Linden has also just issued his Orchidees Exotiques et leur Culture en Europe, while the Livre des Orchidees of M. le Compte de Kerchove is announced to be ready on August ist. Besides these we have the less pretentious little Amateur Orchid Cultivator's Guide Book of Mr. H. A. Burberry,

which

will prove

so useful to beginners.
plants,

All this testifies to the

I

growing popularity
distant

of these beautiful
will

and

fancy the day

is

far

when they

go out of fashion.

Cultivators of Orchids have

certainly no reason to complain of a lack of literature relating to their

favourite group.

Cypripedium Charlesworthii is now beginning to flower, and I have seen five expanded blooms, with plenty of buds to follow. Although too soon to judge of its real merits, its distinctness and beauty are evident enough
already, and a certain

amount

of variation
of,

may

be anticipated.

Already

hear a white variety spoken

as

if

it

were something desirable, which

nature.

surely illustrates the perversity of

welcomed because
variety
it

it

introduced

human a new

The

species

was
At

specially

colour in the genus, and

all

now

is

anticipated in which that colour shall be absent.

events
species

is

likely to be rare,

and that

is

something

in

its

favour.

The

would appear
points

to be a

summer bloomer,

after all.

But

of this

and other

we

shall be better able to judge in the future.

Are we going
thus described.
is

in for a race of

greenhouse Orchids

the hybrid Disas, of which

kept away.

plenty of water,

we have heard and seen so They seem to require little in the way of heat, if only frost They grow like weeds, only requiring suitable compost, and a little shade. And their beauty is undeniable. Their
is

me that much lately, may be

It

seems to

vigorous constitution

no doubt largely derived from D. tripetaloides and

free groweis, quite

D. racemosa, which are very

this respect.

unlike D. grandiflora in

More

variety will probably be introduced by re-crossing and

I

selection,

now

that the work lias been taken in hand, and

think that the

some other species might be tried notably of the blue Disas as in this way more variety might be introduced. Judging by recent events they seem to be particularly promising subjects for the hybridist, and
pollen of
further developments

may

be anticipated.

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

What's
.
.
.

231

this

see

"

One hundred
direct, too
!

lots

of

Eulophiella Elisabeths

received direct, for unreserved sale, on Friday next, July 27th, at half-

M. Hamelin say? A year ago I read, " Excepting young and very small plants, no more Eulophiella are to be found, and the plants left will be guarded by my brother-in-law until they may be wanted by me. At least several years must elapse before these small plants are large enough to gather. Amateurs
past 12 o'clock."

Received

Whatever

will

of this superb Orchid

I

can guarantee that

may be sure that no plants can or will be imported. no man can collect them. My brother-in-law's will is
These new one hundred
to
lots,

absolute in the country of the Eulophiella."

received direct, form a rather curious
story, to

comment on

the above remarkable

I

which

have already had occasion

value
is

allude at page 101.

should think

its real

pretty well understood by this time.

have had occasion already to allude to the nomenclature question, and

:

am glad
is

to see, in a recent

number

of

Garden and Forest, a protest

st

the long

names used
to indicate
I

in soi ne cases to indicate a variety.

in

varietal

desirable

and r lecessary
it,

many

cases, but

when
is

it

requires three

'our

names
a farce.

as in

some recent
I

cases, the

whole thing

nes
i

think the variety question

being overdone,

and
ex-

to be reconsidered in several respects, for

frequently discover the

variety in different collections

:ly

under

different

names, which
subject

is

confusing.

may have

to

recur to

the

on a future

Argus.

SARCOCHILUS UNGUICULATUS.
This
1893,
Misc.,
ii.

is

at

once the

new

Phalaenopsis fugax (Kranzlin in Gard. Chron.,

p.

360) and the old Sarcochilus unguiculatus (Lindl. Bot. Reg., xxvi.,

p.

67),

originally
in

was sent from Manilla by Mr. Cuming, and flowered with Mr. Bateman
its

though

relation to the former genus

is

visionary.

It

1840.

Last year, on

its

appearance
it

in

the

collection of Sir Trevor

Lawrence, Bart., Burford, Dorking,

was described
lip.

as a Phalasnopsis with a

new

type of labellum.

The

flowers are very pale yellow, with

It
is

some

light

purple stripes on the side-lobes of the

a well-known species, but

not sufficiently attractive to be cultivated except in a few botanical collections,

especially as the flowers only remain open for a few hours.

Mr.

White's observations on this point are interesting

about nine
afternoon
in

namely, that they open

It is

the morning, and begin to fade at two or three o'clock in the

for the fact

it

was not so
is

definitely recorded before.

all,

hardly

necessary to add that

not a Phalaenopsis at

must be relegated

to the already far

and that the new name too extensive " Index Expurgatorius."

n*

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

NOTICES OF BOOKS.
The Orchid Grower's Manual.

By Benjamin Samuel

Williams,

F.L.S.,

Seventh edition, enlarged and revised to the present time. By Henry Williams, F.L.S., F.R.H.S. Super royal, 8vo, pp. 796, with numerous illustrations. London, B. S. Williams and Son, Victoria and Paradise Nurseries, Upper Holloway, N.

F.R.H.S.

When
little

book has reached

its

its

seventh edition there

is

little

need to say

anything in

favour, and that is the proud position in

Orchid Grower's Manual of 1852 now finds itself of nearly eight hundred pages in super royal octavo, with

which the modest a handsome volume

over three

hundred
novelties

illustrations.
is

the present edition

The contents of the work are well known, and as brought down to date by the addition of the numerous

which have appeared during the last nine years, it forms a thoroughly reliable volume for the Orchid grower of the present day. The
additional space required
of the page,
is

largely provided for by an increase in the size

by which the work has still been kept within the limits of a single volume. We note the addition of a list of botanical works referred to, and the omission of the chapter on Greenhouse and Frame Orchids, though the loss is more apparent than real, as the information is for the

most part embodied in the work itself. A few more improvements might have been introduced in the nomenclature. The numerous hybrids between Laelia and Cattleya are now classed under Lselio-cattleya, in accordance
with the modern system of naming generic hybrids, but Laelia Boothiana still stands as Cattleya lobata, and Laelia crispa and pumila only find their
correct

Corrigenda," where they are apt to be overlooked. These, however, are only cases of the persistence of old names after their
real position

names

in the "

has been pointed out, and the same

to be

may

be said of Uropedium,

which

is

now known

an abnormal state of Selenipedium caudatum,

fixed.

whose characters have become

Phalasnopsis amabilis
case " Java,
plant
is

Lindley's mistake with regard to

corrected,

might, however, have been

and

in

any

Amboyna, Philippine Islands " is incorrect, different from that of Java and Amboyna. The

for the Philippine

cultural directions

given are sound and practical in fact, the Orchid Grower's Manual has been one of the most potent factors in the extension of Orchid culture, and in its present form will prove as useful as ever.

Les Orchidees Exotiques

Belliard.

et

leur Culture en Europe.

By Lucien

Linden.

Large

8vo, pp. 1019, with 141 engravings.

Brussels, L. Linden, 100,

Rue

Our Belgian

friends have long been enthusiastic cultivators of Orchids,

and now they have an adequate text-book on the subject, worthy to rank beside our own excellent works. The volume before us contains over a

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

233

thousand 'pages of well-printed matter, very well arranged and indexed, and illustrated with numerous figures. In the preparation of the work M. L. Linden acknowledges the assistance of M. Alfred Cogniaux for the scientific
portion,

and M. G. Grignan.
state,

It

is

dedicated to

M.

divided into four parts

Orchids from a
in

J.

Linden, and

is

scientific standpoint,

Orchids

in a

natural

Culture of Orchids

Europe, and Descriptions of the

principal Orchids cultivated in

Europe, with an Introduction.

chapters,
in

The

first

three

parts are divided

into thirty-four

which the various

historical

subjects involved are treated in detail, though the

particularly weak, and

portion

is
is

we

fail

to find

any mention

of

Thomas Lobb, who

certainly entitled to a very high place

It

among " Les

principaux explorateurs."

may

also be pointed out that the curious enumeration of plants

p.
is

composing

a large collection in 1848 originally appeared at

141 of our last volume.

treated in great detail.

The cultural portion The enumeration of

of the

work

is

excellent,

and

cultivated Orchids occupies nearly half the volume,

selection,

and contains an excellent

figures,

though no indication
in a

is

given either of

authorities, native countries (except in a very few instances), or published

an omission which we consider unfortunate

is

work

of reference.

True, there
also a
details
list

a chapter on geographical distribution earlier in the book,

of figures published in the Lindenia, though

we think

that the

would have been better incorporated with the descriptions, and that other important figures should have been included. We hope to see

some
is

of these points rectified in a future edition.

As a

cultural

work

it

thoroughly

comprehensive,

and

embodies the experience of a very

its

successful

Orchidist,

which

is

a satisfactory guarantee of

excellence.

GONGORA SCAPHEPHORUS.
It
is
is

very curious

how

long certain Orchids

may

be lost sight

of.

The

above

a very curious Peruvian species,

f.

1854 (Rchb.

in Bonplandia,

ii.

p. 98).

which was described as long ago as It was collected by Warscewicz, and

was cultivated in the celebrated collection of Consul Schiller, of Hamburg, and M. Pescatore, of Paris, though it soon seems to have been lost sight of. On its reappearance a year or two ago it was thought to be new, and was
exhibited as G. Charlesworthii, and afterwards described {supra,
i.

p. 198;,

though

its

identity with the long-lost plant

is

now

apparent.

It

bears a

long arching raceme of numerous flowers, which are curiously blotched and
spotted with purple-brown on a light ground, the very curious
lip

being

yellowish white, with a few maroon-purple bars towards the base.

The

petals are very small, and the refiexed side-lobes of the lip oblong, obtuse,

and concave.
plant has

The

flowers have a very pleasant aromatic fragrance.

flowered in the collection of H. J. Elwes, Esq., x\ndoversford, Gloucestershire. R. A. R.

now

234

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

NOTES ON ORCHIDS
By Major-General

IN

THE JUNGLE.
138.)

E. S. Berkeley.

{Continued from page

I

previously

suggested that for a winter excursion for an Orchidist I

Situated

could imagine no more charming spot than Moulmein.

on the

Salween

river, there is

easy access to the interior by water.

is

Just above the

its

promontory on which Moulmein

waters in from the south-east
the River Gyne, which enters
;

situated

the

River Attaran pours

is

a
it

little

higher up the Salween

joined by

from the north-east.

worth exploring, the best plan being to charter a boat and put up at the different villages. Every halting-place will be found rich in Orchids in great variety, including popular varieties well known in England,

Each

river

is

and botanical
described.

curiosities of great interest,

many

of

them no doubt

still

un-

Dendrobium, the variety D. formosum is scarce in the delta of these rivers, the plants being more generally found towards Amherst and along the sea coast. At a distance from the sea its place is taken by D. Draconis (D. eburneum of Parish). This plant has a
section of

Of the Formosa^

very wide distribution,

to south,

and that

it

came across it in all parts of Burmah from north extends into Siam I know, as I received plants of it
I
I still
it

from the Consul of Siam, which

flowers with

have

in

my

collection,

and which

consider one of the best forms, as

has such a good constitution and

It
is

me

regularly every year.

a heat-loving variety, and I

all

have often found the plant crowded with flowers

is

down the stem, when

it

a beautiful sight.

In England

it

generally confines itself to producing a

bunch of flowers at the top

this plant is that
it

of the

completed growth.

My

experience with
;

does not flourish

many

years grown in a pot

but grown

on a block of wood it is a perfect success. I have a plant so cultivated, which has flowered regularly every year for twelve years. It is a very sweetscented Orchid.

In noticing the other nigro-hirsute

distance
of

Dendrobiums found within easy

the

Rangoon,
in

may mention
It
is

extremely sweet-scented

D.

scabrilingue (D. hedyosmum).

found more sparingly near Moulmein

it
I

than farther
in the

the interior.
it

At Pegu
its

abounds, and being always found

find
it

low country
of

requires heat.
place

does well in shallow pans.

South

the Attaran river

is

taken by Dendrobium

omentum,
is

which has very much the same habit as D. scabrilingue.

about 13
*
-

Its habitat

lires great
1 ':

heat and moisture to grow

it

cessfi
potti

f.

it is like

mai any others of this section, as

;

does not like

all

Orchid and flowers very freely

nice figure of
it

the

st

it

s^atLthome!

in

up the Orchid Album,

plate 174.

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

Further
in the interior

235

and on trees on the lower range of hills are found D. longicornu and D. cariniferum. These two plants I never found in the hot plains, and they may be considered intermediate between the heatloving Formosa? and the mountain
require to be

forms.

These two

varieties

do not

grown

in so

much

heat as the others, but they require more

than the two special mountain forms, D. Jamesianum and D. infundibulum. In Veitch's Manual, D. Jamesianum is considered a variety of D.
infundibulum, but

Each
his

variety

is

never found them growing together on the same hills. range of mountains. " Theobald," in confined to its own
I

remarks on the land shells of Moulmein, remarks that each isolated

hills

group of

has

its

own

peculiar land shells, nearly allied to each other

but quite distinct, and probably the

certain groups of Orchids.

same remark would equally apply

be seen

to

On

the very top of the range of mountains which can

in

from

abundance a short robust form of D. Jamesianum. It The is found growing abundantly on the rocks and also on the trees. flowers of this variety are very rich in colour, but the plants are dwarf and
Moulmein, grows
robust in habit, quite different from the variety found on the southern range
of the Arracan hills,

where the plants are found extremely abundant

and

in habit quite four times the size of the

Moulmein

hill

plants.

D. infundibulum

is

found

in

the ranges of hills further

away from

Moulmein, and also in the north of Arracan far up the River Kuladan, in There is no doubt the hills which are probably the source of this river. that both D. Jamesianum and D. infundibulum require quite different treatment from the other forms. They are essentially mountain varieties,
and they continue to grow throughout the winter, flowering abundantly in I have seen, in the Arracan hills, five hundred plants of the the spring. So variety Jamesianum in flower at one time, forming a grand sight.
profusely do these plants flower in their

native

habitat,

that the

plants
of the

become much
I

shrivelled,

and should the heavy rains be delayed many

should say of these two varieties, judging from the conditions under

which they grow abroad, that they should be grown warm in winter and cool in summer in our houses at home, and I have experienced no difficulty They are two in keeping them in good condition when treated in this way.
of the

most useful of the Formosa? section, as they

last

such a long time

in

CYPRIPEDIUM

HARRISIANUM VIRESCENS.

appearance of a green variety of Cypripedium x Harnsiai


236
Little, Esq.,

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

The Barons, East Twickenham, where we had
It

the pleasure
lost
all

of seeing

it.

differs

from

the

typical form

in

having

the

purple-brown markings, leaving the flower wholly yellowish green, and thus
is

a case of albinism.

It

had shown the same peculiarity

in previous

years

before

coming

into

Mr.

Little's possession.
I.

We

learn that the plant has

now passed

into the collection of R.

Measures, Esq., of Cambridge Lodge,

NOVELTIES.
Sobralia macrantha var. Hodgkinsoni, Rolfe. This is an exceptionally large and beautiful variety, from the collection of Alex. Hodgkinson, Esq., The Grange, Wilmslow, Cheshire. The sepals are four inches long by
eleven lines broad, and of a pale delicate rosy
outside
is
;

lilac,

nearly white on the

the petals sixteen lines broad and brighter in colour, while the lip
of a very

over three inches broad in front and of the usual brilliant rose-purple but

tint,

with the

whole

of the throat

and a

little

outside

it

bright yellow,

becoming

light

orange on the veins of the disc.

The

plant
f.

has the strong habit and general appearance of S. xantholeuca, Rchb. Mr. Hodgkinson bought
it

at the sale of the late

Mr. Staffer's collection,

Co., St. Albans,

whence

it

had been obtained from Messrs. F. Sander and

it

who imported
and at
S.
first

with S. xantholeuca in 1SS6 or 1887.

It is

have known

it

since March, 1S91.

sight
is

altogether an exceptional variety of great beauty,

else,

looks like something

I

though the resemblance of

of this

macrantha

so great, that

think

it

must be placed as a variety

species.

Megaclinium xummularia, Wendl. and Kranzl. A very small species, from the collection of Mr. Wendland, of Herrenhausen, which had been sent from the German Cameroons by the late J. Braun. It is allied to M. minutum, Rolfe, but has ciliate flowers. The bulbs are flattened, the
leaves an inch long by half as broad, and the raceme half an inch long, with

about six or eight green and purple flowers, the dorsal sepal being wholly

dark purple.

June 2nd, p. 6S5. Bulbophyllum Hookeriaxum, Wendl. and Kranzl. A West African species, from the collection of Mr. Wendland, of Herrenhausen, and supChro/i.,

Gard.

posed to be identical with one collected long ago by Gustav Mann; though if the description is correct, it is as certainly different. It bears a raceme ot small orange-coloured flowers. Gard. Chron., June 2nd, p. 685.

Axgr.ecum Fournierianum, Kranzl. A

by Messrs. F. Sander and Co., St. Albans.

native of Madagascar, introduced

The

flowers are greenish white,

about two inches long, and borne in long racemes. It received an Award of Merit from the Royal Horticultural Society on June 26th last. Gard.
Chron., June 30th, p. 808.

THE ORCHID REVIEW. LiELIO-CATTLEYA x SCHILLERIANA LEUCOTATA.

This
is

23 ?

the plant recently figured in the Lindcnia

is its

(t.

313) as L.-c.

elegans leucotata, though the above

of our last volume.

correct name, for the two hybrids

are distinct both in character and parentage, as

was pointed out

at p.

235

The

figure just cited represents a pure white variety,

in

which

is

said

to

have bloomed

the houses of L'Horticulture InterIt

nationale, Brussels, in

May

1S93, from a newly-imported plant.

subse-

quently passed into the collection of R. H. Measures, Esq., The Woodlands, Streatham, for the sum of 150, the purchase being made entirely on the
strength of the coloured drawing.

This year

it

has again flowered, but

instead of being pure white the blooms are slightly flushed with pale rose, which is quite distinct on the back of the sepals, and consequently the

accuracy of the drawing has been called in question.

several

We

have received

documents relating
it

regard to the latter

is

and a fresh flower. With the nearest approach to an albino we have seen,
lip
is

to the point in dispute,

and the front lobe of the

it

as light

as the rest of the flower,

but

is

not pure white.

With regard
is

to last year three

the flowers, namely,

Dr. Capart, M.
correct.

gentlemen who saw A. Madoux, and G. Miteau, have

to say that the pedicels

certified that the plate

But we venture

of the flowers
plate.

were never green

there
is

like the leaves, as is represented in the

Album (in a note under t. 469), that the plant was in flower last year at The Woodlands, which is evidently pure romance. Whether it was made up from a look at the plant and another at the painting we know not, but we are assured that no bloom was ever seen there until this season. As to the
G., in the Orchid

Then

the statement by

W. H.

rosy flush in the flower, future bloomings

may throw

further light on the

RESTREPIA ANTENNIFERA AND ITS ALLIES.

curious what confusion has been introduced into the histories of some of our garden Orchids. Restrepia antennifera, the type of the genus,

It

is

furnishes a very good example.

in

This species

is

supposed to be well known

has been confounded with another species, which has usurped the name, as I have just been able to ascertain. It was
it

gardens, though in reality

originally described
in

and figured

in 1815,

from a plant collected near Pasto,

et

New Granada

(H. B. K. Nov. Gen.

Sp.,

i.

p. 367,

t.

94),

and

is

dis-

tinctly stated to

have the

lateral

sepals striped (" striato-nervosa, fusco-

flavescentia, interne coccineo-striata ").

this

name, with spotted flowers, Linden, and flowered in 1869 (Rchb.

Our well known garden plant of which was sent by M. Gustav Wallis to M.
f.

in

Gard. Chron., 1S69,

p.
4),

p. 1254), is

really

R. maculata, Lindl. {Orch. Lind.,

another

New Granadan

species, to

which

all

the garden figures of so-called R. antennifera belong.

238

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

name
is

second species which has been confounded under the same

ii.

R.

guttulata, Lindl. {Hook. Comp. Bot. Mag.,

p. 356),

a native of Ecuador,

which, so far as
It is taller

can ascertain, has never been introduced to cultivation.

than R. maculata, and, according to dried specimens, has larger

and more brightly-coloured flowers.

The
it.

true R. antennifera,

H. B.

K.,

is

extremely rare in cultivation and seems to have only appeared during recent
years, for
I fail to find

any record of
in

It

flowered with M. Ch. Vuylsteke,

its

of Loochristy,

Gand,

January, 1892, though

it

identity has only just

been discovered, and

Co.,

now

has appeared with Messrs.

It is

W.

L. Lewis and

Chase Side, Southgate.

It

much

like

R. maculata in size and shape,

but each lateral sepal has seven light purple stripes on a pale whitish yellow

ground.
1891,
i.

p.

must not be confounded with R. striata, Rolfe {Gard. Chron., though it is more likely to be taken for it than for R. 137),

Although only recently introduced to cultivation, it has long been imperfectly known from dried specimens, and both Wagener and Schlim recorded that it had striped flowers, while the latter also noted that R.
maculata.

maculata had^ spotted flowers.

the striped one under
its

And curiously enough Reichenbach correct name in 1855 (Bonplandia, iii. p.

in cultivation,

recorded
70),

and

pointed out

how

it

differed

from R. maculata, though fourteen years

he followed Lindley,

later,

when the spotted one appeared

who

in

had confused the two {Lindl. Fol. Orch., Restrep. p. 1). In future, 1859, however, we must limit the name of R. antennifera to the striped one, and R. A. R. restore that of R. maculata to the common garden plant.

L^ELIA TENEBROSA,
A
.

HARMAR

BASS'S VARIETY.

very dark and richly-coloured variety of Laelia tenebrosa has flowered

the collection of

Hamar

Bass, Esq., Byrkley, Burton-on-Trent, which has

iceived the
lat it

above name.

Mr. Hamilton, who kindly sends a flower, states

F.

was purchased from Messrs.

Sander and Co.,

it
;

in 1892.

Once or
a really

vice before

we have

seen something like

in fact, it

represents the maxiIt is

tum development
lagnificent thing.

of the species

both in size and colour.

ODONTOGLOSSUM GLORIOSUM WITH DOUBLE FLOWERS.

Some time ago we
received from

R.

le

Doux, Esq., Marlfield, West

example
of

Derby, Liverpool, a flower of Odontoglossum gloriosum with two columns

and twice the usual number fusion of two flowers in one.

is

of

segments, affording an

the
in

This has occasionally been seen before

the case of O. crispum and other species, but the curious thing in this case
that no less than five of the flowers

on the spike were perfectly double,

before to such an extent.

we learn from Mr. le Doux, a thing not observed The peculiarity is not likely to be permanent.
as


THE ORCHID REVIEW.
239

THE HYBRIDIST.
DlSA X DlORES.

When
at

the beautiful Disa

Veitchii flowered for the

in

first

time

in

the

establishment of Messrs. James Veitch and Sons,

June, 1S9T, Mr. Seden

seeds were ripe in

once crossed

it

with the pollen of D. grandiflora, one of the original

parents, with

a view to further developments.

The

October, and were at once sown, and now, in the third season, the plants

have begun to

flower.

The

first

flower

is

now

before us, having just been

it

received from Messrs. Veitch.

As might be expected,

shows a considerin all probability

able approach to D. grandiflora, though very

dorsal sepal nearly white.
is

much

paler in colour, and the

It is a

very promising thing, and

not yet fully developed.

Sobralia x Veitchii.
have now a hybrid Sobralia to record, and a most beautiful one too. was obtained by Mr. Seden, by crossing S. macrantha with the pollen of xantholeuca. At present the plant is about a foot and a half high. The
is

We

It
S.

flower

nearly white with a faint tinge of blush, and the front and sides of
lilac,

the

lip

more strongly flushed with rosy

light yellow.
It

especially round the margin,

it

and the tube

In shape and size

closely approximates to the

two parents.

was exhibited by Messrs. James Veitch and Sons, Royal

Exotic Nursery, Chelsea, at the meeting of the Royal Horticultural Society

on July 24th, and received a First-class Certificate.

L.ELIO-CATTLEYA X FREDERICK BOYLE.

This
is

the very interesting hybrid, mentioned on page 1S9, for which

Messrs. F. Sander and Co. received an

Award
flower

of Merit at the recent

Temple
is

Show.
fairly

It

was

raised from Cattleya Trianae % and Laelia anceps $, and

intermediate in character.

The

is

white, with a

little

yellow
nearly

at the base of the lip,

and a

light rose-coloured front lobe.

it

The

lip is

entire, but in other respects

most resembles the Laslia parent.

It is
it

very

beautiful,

and

is likely

to develop into a very superb thing

p. 809, fig. 105.

when

becomes

stronger.

Gard. Chron., June 30th,

ODONTOGLOSSUM CRISPUM WELL FLOWERED.

An unusually
collection of
fine

specimen of this beautiful species

is

recorded from the

It

W.

C. Stobarts, Esq., Spellow Hill, Boroughbridge, Yorks.

bore three spikes, the central one being branched, and having thirty-four
flowers,

and the other two seventeen and fourteen respectively.

is

Another

plant in bud

said to have fifty-four flowers.

These members are very

unusual, and afford evidence of very good culture.

2 4o

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

MILTONIA VEXILLARIA, DAISY HAYWOOD.

This a white variety of great size and spotless purity, from the collection
of T. B.

Haywood, Esq., Woodhatch, Reigate,

of

which an eight-flowered

raceme has been kindly forwarded.

three and a quarter inches across the

One
lip.

of the flowers

measured exactly

It

received a First-class Certificate

from the Royal Horticultural Society on July 25th, 1893, and on June 24th
of the present year a Cultural

cent raceme just

Commendation was awarded to the magnifimentioned. The only colour in the flower is the light

yejlow disc.

spike of the typical form, with flowers of nearly equal size,

was

also included.

VANDA TERES AUROREA.

This beautiful variety appeared in 1881 in the collection of Mr. W. Bull, of Chelsea, and was described by Reichenbach (Gard. Chron., 1881, i. p.
688) as having flowers
part of the
lip,

snow white, with a and some light yellow in its

f.

light rosy

hue on the anterior

near the variety
is

throat.
ii.

It is

Candida (Rchb.

in

Gard. Chron., 1875,

p.

225)

which, however,
yellow on the

described as being white with only the addition of a

little

lip.

The Orchid Album

figure (vol. ix.

lip,

t. it

409) shows a distinct stain of pink on

is

the front lobe of the

and, as

not from the original plant, would

is

appear to be van aurorea, rather than Candida. The fact

sepals and petals, though
first

the

name aurorea
which
it

has been transferred to a form with a light suffusion of pale rose in the

we must

retain

it

in the sense in

was
of

applied.

very fine plant has been flowered in the collection

Reginald Young, Esq., Sefton Park, Liverpool, producing three spikes on the

same stem, the strongest bearing

five flowers

of

great size and beauty,

petals are

which have been kindly sent by Mr. Young.

across, the front lobe of the lip lightly

two inches suffused with pale rosy purple and

It
is

The

the throat light yellow, the rest of the flower being pure white.

very charming variety.

L^ELIA TENEBROSA,
This
is

WALTON GRANGE VARIETY.

W.
Staff,
(gr.

the very distinct and beautiful variety from the collection of

Thompson, Esq., Walton Grange, Stone,

Mr. Stevens), which

received a First-class Certificate from the Royal Horticultural Society on

August 8th, 1893, and which was again exhibited on June 12th, last. Mr. Thompson has kindly sent a flower which shows the following characters.

The

sepals and petals are of a beautiful shade of light canary yellow or

citron,

white with a deep purple disc, from which extend a few radiating lines towards the margin. It is a wonderfully distinct and most
lip

and the

beautiful variety.

The shape

is

naturally that of the typical form.

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

241

A GROUP OF ODONTOGLOSSUMS.
The
were
in

choice varieties of Odontoglossum shown in the annexed illustration

all

certificated at the recent

Temple Show, and we have great pleasure

presenting our readers with

forms.

an exact portrait of four such beautiful The three larger ones, each of which received a First-class Certifi-

cate, are

from the rich collection of Baron Sir Henry Schroder, of The Dell, Egham,.and the smaller one, to which an Award of Merit was given, from

that of

M. A. A.

Peeters, of Saint Gilles, Brussels.

All

were supposed to

be varieties of 0. crispum, but the upper right-hand one is certainly a form of O. x Wilckeanum, as will be seen below. In each case the bottom

shown, and of two of them better flowers could have The photograph was kindly taken by Henry Little, Esq., selected. been Barons, Twickenham, and represents the flowers a little under of The
flower of the spike is

two-thirds natural size.

242

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

Odontoglossurn crispum Wolstenholmiae (Fig. 24)
is

a well-shaped

and

very beautiful variety, in which the ground colour

is

slightly suffused with

pale rose, and the reddish purple blotches well distributed over the surface
of the sepals

and

petals.
is

The

petals are broad

and nicely toothed. and petals and

O.
a

c.

Rex

(Fig. 25)

a superb variety with broad sepals

nearly

clear

white

ground,

each

having a large irregular red-purple

it.

blotch about the centre, with a very few smaller ones near
similar,

The
it

lip is

with

good deal

of colour

round the

crest.

The

colours are

sharply contrasted and the blotches very clearly defined, giving

a bold

and striking appearance.

O.
c.

The
(Fig.

spike bore ten flowers.

26)
is

Capartianum

smaller than

0.

c.

Wolstenholmias,

which, however, probably arises from the plant being small and weak, and

when

it

becomes stronger

it

may

be equal to

it

in

size.

The
zones.

colours are
light rosy
It
is

also very similar, but the ground is a little

more suffused with

purple, and the markings on the petals arranged

beautiful

more

in

very

and

is

sure to improve.

O. x Wilckeanum excelsior (Fig. 27) was certificated under the name of O. crispum excelsior, but must be amended as above, for the general shape of
the flower, together with the crest and

column wings,

takable influence of O. luteopurpureum, as in

show the unmisother forms of O. X Wilckeall

anum. Baron Schroder fully agrees with this view, and writes to say that the same idea occurred to him when looking at the flower. The ground
colour
is

ivory white, and the markings cinnamon-brown,

others,

some
It
is

of

them

being darker than

as

shown

in

the

photograph.

a well-

shaped and very handsome variety.

On

a future occasion

we

intend to illustrate another very interesting

group, of which

we have an

excellent photograph.

POLYPODIUM FIBRE AS A SUBSTITUTE FOR PEAT.

On
to

the Continent polypodium fibre

is

largely used as a substitute for peat,

which

fact the success attained with

It

genera has been largely attributed.

Odontoglossums and certain other has also been adopted by several

growers in this country with the best results. Messrs. B. S. Williams and Son, Upper Holloway, have used it for some time for Odontoglossums, Oncidiums, and allied genera, also for Cattleyas and Leelias, and find that
the plants

show

a great

improvement on those potted

under exactly identical conditions. The fibrous pieces of rhizome being discarded. It is obtained from the Ardennes, where Polypodium vulgare grows in enormous quantities on the rocks and trees, the masses of roots being taken off and packed in bales. It should
;

grown roots alone are used any

in

peat and

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

be cut very small with shears, mixed with cut

243

sphagnum moss, and then

is

used

in the usual

way.

One

great advantage

that

it

contains no fine

earthy matter, and the plants can be watered freely without the slightest
risk

of the

compost becoming sour, while the roots soon take complete

it.

possession of
results.

Periodical top-dressings

may

also be given, with the best

is

In
at

certain

cases

the

improvement shown
in the

estimated by Mr.

Williams

almost one hundred

per cent., and certainly the plants of

Odontoglossum crispum and others are

most robust health, while the

in
it.

same may be

said of Laslia purpurata

is

and others now established

it

As

the treatment

not varied in any other particular,

is

clear that the

improvement shown is due to the compost alone, and we have much It will not do for everything, pleasure in recommending its extended use. however, as Dendrobiums are said to show no improvement, while Cypripediums placed in it are a failure which might be expected, seeing that they are terrestrial and prefer good fibrous loam to peat. We believe that M. Massange was one of the first to introduce polypodium fibre for potting Orchids in, and that its use was rather a matter of

necessity than choice.

to

which class most

not see

of

bog peat, the Belgian peat belongs, hence the experiments

fact
is,

The

Orchids will not succeed

in

with a likely substitute so close at hand.

And

as the roots alone are used,

we do

why

the supply should

fail,

or that the polypodium should be

exterminated as one of our readers has suggested.

finds a difficulty in obtaining
it,

Another states that he

to be

known about it in this country. It may however be obtained in small bales from some of the We hope some of dealers, who should make the fact more widely known.
as very
little

seems

our readers

who have

tried

it

will give us the benefit of their experience.

THE WALTON GRANGE COLLECTION.

The
collection
Staffordshire,

Thompson, Esq., of Walton Grange, Stone, J. has long been famous for its Odontoglossums, which are prime
of

W.

favourites with their genial owner.

will presently be seen, but this

Other groups are well represented, as

genus occupies the post of honour, and con-

sequently forms a centre of special interest.

tive one,

The

collection is a representa-

as regards cultivated species,

and

moreover, contains

large

number of superb varieties of various kinds, nearly three thousand plants They are also well cultivated and in splendid being grown altogether. health in fact, one plant of O. crispum has been in the collection for a
century, which speaks volumes for the sagacity and intelligence of quarter of a Thompson's gardener, Mr. Walter Stevens, who is almost a part of the Mr.
collection
last

which has been under

his charge for this period.

During May

we

pleasure of seeing over two hunrded spikes of various kinds had the

244

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

in

one house, which were tastefully arranged with maidenhair ferns, forming a perfect picture of loveliness. Many were already over, but
still

expanded

greater

numbers were coming on

in

to

keep up the succession.

a large

It

is

interesting to note that as an experiment

number

of plants

have

been potted

polypodium

fibre,

and we hope

to be able to note the result

on a future occasion.

The popular

O. crispum

may

be mentioned

first,

being represented

in

large numbers, both in

and out of flower.

Many

imported plants are not

yet proved, and of these the inferior kinds will be discarded as they flower, so as to make room for the better kinds. One splendid plant bore two spikes

from the same bulb, one carrying

fifteen fine flowers,

and the other thirteen.

out of bloom,

One

of the largest forms of this species

we have met with was

but a dried flower measured over four and a quarter inches across its broadest diameter, so that it must have been considerably larger when alive. This was O. c. Thompsoni, a form with broad and much toothed
petals, which, as well as the sepals, are heavily blotched with chocolate.

dried flower of O.
smaller.

O.

c.

apiatum from the type plant was a full half-inch variegatum for such it may be called had the pseudoc.

bulbs and leaves striped with yellow and green, much in the way of the oldfashioned ribbon-grass. The plant is quite healthy, and the flowers well-shaped. Two other curious forms of considerable interest were
observed.

One has the curious

habit of producing young plants on the top

off

of the old ones,

its

which may be taken

and propagated

the other produces

first

flowers singly in succession, in a very unusual

manner, the spike

growing a short distance, then halting while the flower is developed, then again elongating and producing another, and so on throughout the summer. Both forms have proved constant in character. Among various other good and interesting forms, was one very pleasing one in which the blotches on the sepals and petals, were of a distinctly rosy shade. Odontoglossum x Coradinei was flowering in force, being represented by six different plants, no two being alike. One plant bore two spikes, each with fourteen flowers. Several good forms of O. x Andersonianum were out, one bearing four spikes, a brilliantly-coloured O. X Ruckerianum,
also

~
another of

X Wilckeanum one
' ,

of

which bore a

s P ike

of eighteen flowers and

also carried spikes of

thii
;

x elegans

fourteen and thirteen flowers

and O. gloriosum, a very dense panicle of seven

branches.

The

rare little O. Schillerianum claimed attention by its richly-

coloured blooms, while various plants of O. triumphans, Pescatorei, cirrhosum added their charming flowers to the general effect. O. luteopurpureum was also well represented, with spikes of fourteen and sixteen flowers from A1 -^ same bulb, the variety vstnx uith nineteen anc n, and a good plant of O. 1. sceptrum. The presented by specimen carrying a dozen spikes, some bearing twelve
1

and

thi

THE ORCHID REVIEW,

245

smaller plants which have been taken from the besides which were several species were in flower, including the rare specimen. Numerous Mexican

maculatum, Rossii, citrosmum, cordatum aureum, O. Kramerianum, O. roseum and decorum, while O. Schlieperianum Cervantesii and varieties 0. c. Stevensii had a spike of eleven was throwing up spikes strongly.
flowers just

on a pot of
ing stage.
to

some seedling Odontoglossums were observed expanding, while it is hoped may in time reach the flowerO. Harryanum, which

Two

or three crosses have been made, and

it is

not quite certain

which they belong.

Of

interesting things were in bloom, Cochlioda the allied genera several

some good Oncidium Marshallianum Ncetzliana, vulcanica and sanguinea, plants of O. cornigerum, a fine Ada auranand concolor, two well-flowered Miltonia Roezlii, being among the most notetiaca with four spikes, and specimen of Cymbidium Lowianum was finely in worthy. An excellent Vanda Bensonise and a fine Ccelogyne Massangeana. flower, together with
and Laelias many fine things were noticed, as C. Among Cattleyas four flowers, two good C. Aclandise, one being very large Schilleriana with
with a spike of six beautiful flowers, C. interand dark, C. Skinneri alba Mossiae and Lslia purpurata, the beautiful media alba, many good C.
Lselia tenebrosa

Walton Grange

variety in sheath, Ltelia majalis in bud,

Of other interesting things. the pretty little Leptotes bicolor, and various most interesting was Cattleya Victoriaplants not in flower perhaps the
have occasion to speak more fully on another Regina, of which we shall number of plants of Cattleya labiata in Here were also a large page. show in the autumn. In the Mexican house robust health, promising a line and a variety of others were doing well, including Lalia anceps, Gouldiana
L. harpophylla, and

many

L. pumila.

moderate number are grown of the better known Of Cypripediums only a them we observed the fine C. x Leeanum useful kinds, though among however, are grown in quantity, including about giganteum. Dendrobiums, Phalamopsis, some of which were in flower. They 160 healthy plants of D.
heat and thrive splendidly, forming a magnificent are grown in moderate Of those in flower may be mentioned good spectacle when at their best. Bensonias and D. cretaceum. This is not by and well-flowered plants of D. collection, even at this particular any means an exhaustive account of the
season, but only a few notes of

some

of the

more

striking things observed

which might Manchester Show, bringing with them the had just returned from the Collection, and looked little the premier prize for the best Miscellaneous is a valuable and very interesting worse for their outing. The collection his able gardener may be congratulated and both Mr. Thompson and one,
during a recent
visit,

easily be extended.

Some

of the plants


THE ORCHID REVIEW.

ORCHIDS AT TRENTHAM.
Orchids, like
the seat of the

many other things, are cultivated Duke of Sutherland, and during a

in

quantity at Trentham,

recent visit

some

of the

houses were quite a picture with a profusion of bloom of various kinds. A large number of Odontoglossums of well-known kinds were brightened up
with the brilliant flowers of Masdevallia Harryana and
literally
its allies

which are

grown

in

hundreds

various Oncidiums, Cattleyas and Lselias, and

Suspended from

various other Orchids, producing a very charming effect.

the roof were several fine plants of Masdevallia rosea, cultivated in shallow

pans, and bearing a profusion of flowers, on one of which twenty-eight were

counted.

Some pans

of

M. racemosa treated

in similar fashion

were equally

noteworthy, one of the plants bearing as

many

as fourteen racemes.

These

had been

in perfection for four

months, the flowers being borne

in succession.

M. x Hincksiana was also bearing its pretty buff flowers, and a good form of Odontoglossum tripudians had a spike of ten flowers. A large batch of Dendrobiums were growing with the utmost vigour, including a fine lot of
D. Phalaenopsis and other popular kinds. have his hands pretty
full in

Mr. Blair, the gardener, must

such an establishment, where Orchids seem to

be as well grown as most other things.

ORCHID PORTRAITS.
Axgr.lcum Fournierianum, Kvdnzl.Gard.
fig- 7-

Chron., July

14th, p. 43,

Cattleva x Lord Rothschild. Wien

238,
fig.

III.

Gart.-Zict., June,

pp. 237,

32.

Cochlioda Noetzliana, Rolfe. Gartenflora, xliii., p. 2S1, t. 1403. Cvpripedium Godefrov.e leucochilum. Gard. Chron., June 30th,
815,
fig.

p.

106.

Cvpripedium Petri, Rchb. f. Wten III. Gart.-ZeiU, June, p. 213, t. 2. Dendrobium Grifitthiaxum Guiberti. Gard. Mag., July 21st, pp.
l

hackijridgensl. Gard. Mag., June 30th,

p. 376,

The Garden, July 14th, p. 37, with fig. is.-Gard. Chron., July 14th, p. 35, fig. 5. Mill, Lind. and Rchb. l.Bot. Mag., t. 7362.

SIMUM.

Canhamiana alba.Journ.
k

of Hort., Jul}' 5th, pp.

Boyle. Gard. C hron., June

1. ith, p.

30th,

p.

-Gard. Mag., July

405, with

fig.


THE ORCHID REVIEW.

RoUcBoi. Mag., hum. of Hort., July

,

t.

7366.

19th* pp. 5?. 53, fig

CYPRIPEDIUM BELLATULUM TWO-FLOWERED

I

send you a two-flowered

is

inflorescence of Cypripedium

bellatulu

which
tion,

very interesting.

possess two plants out of a recent import

in

and they are exactly similar

shape, colouring, &c.

so
I

believe

third plant has produced a two-flowered inflorescence,

am

inclined

think that possibly this peculiarity

may

be permanent.
I

what
will

district they

come, but may say that

believe

know not fro many good varieti

exceptionally
O. O.
loi

come out

of the importation, as the

plants have

and broad leaves.

Bridge Hall, Bury, Lancashire.

Wrigley.

The
remarks.

other flowers were subsequently sent, and bear out Mr. Wriglej

The

flowers are

smaller than
It

usual,

very dark, and have

tl

very distinctive appearance.

will

be interesting to note whether

peculiarity repeats itself at a future flowering.

Ed.;

CALENDAR OF OPERATIONS FOR AUGUST.

In the Cool House the general management continues the same as advised in the Calendar for June, simply keeping the temperature as low as possible
night and day, and the atmosphere heavily charged with moisture
;

at the

same time seeing

that the

plants

are free from insects, a

work which

involves a considerable

amount

of time
in

This house usually contains,

and perseverance at this hot season. addition to Odontoglossom crispum, O.

Pescatorei, and other allied species, a collection of miscellaneous Orchids,

most of which will by now have been looked to and put in condition for Oncidium concolor, having now passed out of bloom, should growing. be repotted if not already done. It is a very pretty Oncidium and well worth It does best in shallow hanging pans, in a compost of peat and cultivating.
Odontoglossom ramosissimum, O. Edwardii, O. Uro-Skinneri, sphagnum. Oncidium macranthum are amongst those kinds now pushing up flower and
spikes,

which should be protected from

slugs.

248

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

The
Cattleya and Intermediate Houses likewise requi

the treatment last recommended.

Cattleya Gaskelliana

is

now

in full

beauty, and after blooming, the plants

may

be repotted,

if

necessary, with

good
is

results, or they

nearly over,

may and may

House
;

be

left

until early spring

and then done.

C.

Rex

be repotted and removed from the

warm house

to the Cattleya

they are best grown in baskets or pans suspended

from the

roof.

The

repotting of C. Skinneri should not be delayed any

longer, and should yellow thrip on this

by getting down into the

well dusted
in.

axils of

and C. Bowringiana be troublesome, the new growth, tobacco powder should be and when the
possible.

as otherwise they are very difficult to dislodge.

of C. Trianae are rapidly advancing,

The new growths

in the

pseudobulbs are matured less water should be given and the plants placed

most

airy part of the

house, near a ventilator

will

if

The

earliest plants of C.

Dowiana aurea

soon be

in flower,

and

this species

wants careful watching, as decay

is

is liable

to take place after the flower spike

at the

cut

off.

It is

caused by moisture lodging

base of the flower sheath,

where the
is, if

leaf joins the pseudobulb, a very critical place.

The consequence
is

the decay be unchecked, that in a few days the leaf will be lost, as the
too quickly becomes rotten, unless the decayed portion

new pseudobulb
clean cut away.

This decay must be prevented,

for not only

do the plants
All

look unsightly with half a bulb, but they are also greatly weakened.

the

autumn and winter-blooming Cattleyas are liable to this, but C. Dowiana aurea, C. labiata, and the hybrids, C. x Hardyana and C. x Massiana, are the most susceptible, and especially if the weather is dull and damp. To
avoid
is cut, is
it

the flower sheath should be entirely pulled out, directly the spike
It

so that the air has free access and no moisture can lodge there.

wound with a pinch of powdered charcoal. In the East Indian or Dendrobium House no change in the treatment is required at present, unless it is that fire heat may almost entirely be dispensed with, though it is best to have a little warmth in the pipes if the
also a

good plan

to dust the

weather
to

is

unseasonably
it

cold.

If

any alteration

is

contemplated with the

heating apparatus

should be finished by the end of this month.

Continue

watch closely the Dendrobiums, and those that have finished their new pseudobulbs must be taken into a cool but sunny department and water gradually withheld. I refer to such species as flower in spring and require
a long rest
;

but those that flower immediately the growth

is

finished

must
one

not be removed until they have bloomed.

of the latter

D. formosum giganteum

is

soon made a good show, D. Phalaenopsis Schrcederianum is another, and such kinds must be kept in heat or the flowers will come a poor quality.
will

and

and Stenias, are curious and interesting Orchids, and a position should be found for them at the coolest end of the East Indian House. If the end be glass so much the better for the plants, for

Bolleas, Pescatoreas,

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

not only
cooler,
is

249
is

there more light and

air,

but the night temperature

and the

atmosphere
it

densely charged

with

moisture

keeping

much

naturally

damp

as

of these lovely

were which conditions are conducive to the well-being Orchids. They may be grown in pots, which must be well
is

drained, and

sphagnum moss

the best material for the roots.

They must

be well shaded, but not be placed too far away from the glass roof, in order that the air may circulate freely round them. A liberal supply of water is needed during summer, but during winter much less will suffice, although

they really have no resting season.

When

the

growth

is

completed the

flowers are produced, and then a new growth appears from the base, the first sphagnum should be supplied to the roots.
I

when

he inmates of the Mexican House will now be growing apace, and must have every encouragement. When air is reduced in the afternoon the
plants
is

may

be well syringed overhead, thus preventing the sticking which

apt to occur, for the young growth and flower spike of the Mexican Laslias become so gummed together that the latter often go off. It is
also a

good plan during the hoc days

of the

to

water the plants

in

this

house
the

As the power
houses.

sun declines, less shading

will be required

on

all

morning and remove the same earlier in the afternoon, while the ends, sidelights, or any portion of the roof which has been permanently shaded with summer cloud, or whitening, should have a part washed away, so that the plants may not be
later in the
in too

Let the roller-blinds

down

much

darkness.

Rearing Orchids from seed is a delicate operation. Any seeds that germinate should be carefully transferred to the tiny pots (one inch) directly they are large enough, which is when they have made the first small leaf; if
left

longer in the seed-pan they are liable to disappear, while, on the other
if

removed and placed on new sweet compost, a fresh impetus seems to be given to the little plants, and if carefully watered they will soon push out roots and become firmly established. When the seed is ripe it should be shaken on the surface of a plant where the compost is in a good state of preservation, and not too much growing sphagnum moss, or it is soon choked. If it means to grow it will show signs of doing so in a short time, but if there are no signs within six months it may generally be considered as useless. I have had the best results from seed sown on pans and baskets
hand,

suspended near the roof glass

hybrids
a

rarely indeed have the seeds germinated

side stages.

sown on pots standing on the

is

Of course the raising

It is

when of new
is

very interesting and exciting, but to be thoroughly successful

a good deal of time

work demanding
fertilise

and careful watching.

it

an easy

matter to

and produce the large seed pods, but

draws greatly

from the sources of the plant, and the best and most valuable varieties
to be thus prostrated without

some reasonable chance

of raising the seed

2 5o

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

it

is

by no means advisable, and

Seedlings, however,

is

of little use to raise plants

from poor

varieties.

do sometimes spring up even under hapto

hazard treatment.

As some structures owing

suitable for the cultivation of the old plants, suitable for the germination of the seedlings.

more

modern improvements are so are they likewise more

principally Cattleya,

An known

insect attacking the roots of

as

some Orchids,

and

Isosoma Orchidearum

is

now

attacking the

new growing
It is

roots of

C. Percivalliana, causing

them

to

become clubbed.

not really a very

dangerous
in

foe,

but

it

is

order to

prevent

advisable nevertheless to cut off the infested roots, their breeding, for it is not desirable to be visited

with a large number of these pests.

Catasetums and Mormodes should be removed after blooming to the Mexican House, and there suspended, as the light and air will ripen the growths, without which they are given to deterioration. They are really good serviceable Orchids when well grown, coming
in

flower as they do at

this

somewhat

dull

Orchid season.

" Is Cattleya gigas Sanderiana the " free-flowering variety of C. gigas ? This is rather a curious question, and makes one deplore the fact that there are so many names to one species. The question, " What is the difference

between
to

C. gigas
I

which

variety Sanderiana?" has frequently been put to me, have invariably replied that' the latter is simply an
its

and

improvement
all first-rate

on the former

in point of

colouring matter, such as

is

the case as regards C.

gigas Burfordiensis, C. gigas Imperialis, and others.

varieties,

They

are

and no doubt

at one time

were very rare and

costly, but

thanks to

the extensive importations of late years, the good varieties are

plentiful,

now

very

and he who purchases unflowered plants must chance their being good, bad, or indifferent. The idea, however, of C. g. Sanderiana being the free-flowering form may be dismissed. Some are free and some are shy to
flower,

some

of the

most

prolific are the

it

worst varieties, while the most shy

are the best,

and sometimes

is

quite the reverse.

I

Why

it

should be the
it

nature of one plant to be shy and another free

cannot explain, but

is so,

and
I

is

noticeable in

many

species.

The

finest variety of

have ever seen absolutely refuses to

full

Lalia anceps that bloom, unless suspended near the

glass in

sunshine, while others may flower regularly every vear treated as an ordinary intermediate-house Orchid, and the same may be noticed amongst the white forms of La^lia anceps. With Ladia albida, with Ladia autumnahs, in fact, with nearly all the species of Ladia and Cattleya, C Mendelu not excepted, the same thing occurs. It may also be noticed in other genera. For instance, I have bloomed plants of Vanda teres freely enough when grown the East Indian House, and given a liberal amount o sun and water, while others have been placed close to the glass, fully

exposed to the sun, and everything tried to induce them to flower without avail. Again, some of the Ccelogynes could be mentioned as offenders in


THE ORCHID REVIEW.
this respect,

251
for
it.

and

it

is

exceedingly

difficult to

account

Equally so

in

the matter of malformation in growth and flowers/which another correspondent writes about, " The growths of C. Gaskelliana are curled up and

do not grow."

In the

first

place,

has not got the Cattleya fly (sec say that the new growths of Orchids do sometimes come crippled, and from no apparent cause, even under the most favourable cultural conditions,

would advise him to make quite sure he Calendar for February), and, secondly, I may
I

though fortunately the percentage is small. I have at the present time under my care a Cattleya labiata that makes a malformed pseudobulb every year, and this time it is making a bulb and flower sheath without a leaf.

Under good treatment

with
is

the plants in most cases

in

come

right in time.
I

The

most curious instance of malformation

the flower that

have had

to deal

a Cattleya Mendelii, which produces a flower, or rather part of a flower, every year alike. The flower is simply two large petals, nothing

more, though the growth of the plant looks perfect, and is very healthy. [We have seen numerous plants out of an importation affected in this

way, and were told that the majority were alike. Also that they had been collected from some cultivated orange trees on which presumably the seed had been sown though we hesitate to accept the inference that the trees were the cause of the deformity. Ed.

The proper
the pseudobulb

place for an Orchid to push

;

new growth

is

from the base of

but supposing a very rare and valuable plant should meet with an accident, or by any means die at its base, while the pseudobulbs

above remain green, there

is still

hope

to save

it,

and

it

should not be cast

sides,

away

until all life is gone, as

sometimes small growths push from the

of the pseudobulb.
I

and sometimes from the apex

once remember seeing a

plant of Lycaste Skinned alba

make

a tiny bulb from the top of an old one,

which afterwards grew into a nice

from the
sides,

plant.

reader has just sent

me some

old Cattleya pseudobulbs having nice healthy

young plants shooting out

vitality of

which

is

another instance of the

an Orchid when
small, and
little

many would suppose it dead. Of course these offshoots are very a long time may elapse before they make a strong plant, but a
rare thing is better than losing
it

of a

altogether.
select a plant
too, of extract-

Ants are very troublesome little insects, and generally where seed is sown to make their nests. They are very fond,

ing a sweet sticky matter from the tender flower spikes and leaves. Phaiaenopsis plants are favourite with them, and it is no unusual thing to see
leaves with their outside edges of a yellowish sickly appearance, caused by

the ants continually at work.

have tried various means

for their extermi-

nation, including poisoning and trapping, but without any very decided
success.
I

now have

recourse to " Killmright insecticide," and mix up a

it

solution of about half a pint to four gallons of water, and with

syringe the

stages and other tracks once a day.

They soon

tire

of travelling over this,

252

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

and seek other places. If the plants are suspended, ants may be prevented from getting on them by smearing a little grease on the suspending wire.

CONTINENTAL NOTES.
Ox
the occasion of the second
ist,

International Horticultural Exhibition at

Antwerp on July
honour
ol

the Belgian horticulturists organised a grand fete in

King and Queen, and it goes without saying that Orchids were largely used. At the outset we must mention an innovation introduced by M. Ch. Vuylsteke, of Loochristy, namely, to garnish
their Majesties the

with Orchid flowers a parterre twenty-five metres square.

The ground was

being
also arranged in

formed of small palms, asparagus, and maiden-hair

a great success.

ferns, the result

An immense group

of foliage plants

was

the amphitheatre, being brightened up by the beautiful Orchids of Messrs

D. and

Massange de Louvrex, A. A. Peeters, Fl. Pauwels, A. Van Imschoot, Jules Hye, A. Janssens, L. Vincent, J. da Trieu de Terdonck,
F.
effect

Ch. Vulysteke, the

to the public.

being very striking, and a great source of attraction

Among
London
;

the most remarkable Orchids

of

may

be mentioned Cypripedium

Leyssenianum
C.

M. Jules Hye, which obtained a First-class Certificate in x Baron Ed. Osy, whose lower sepal is twice as broad as the

upper one, a character which appears to be constant, as two seedlings have both produced the same character. This was also obtained by M. Jules Hye, and may play an important part in the hybridisation of the future.

Some grand
exhibitor.

Cattleyas and Miltonia vexillaria also

came from the same

M. Van Imschoot sent one of the darkest forms of Ladia tenebrosa yet seen, and a beautiful Miltonia Rcezlii alba. M. A. A. Peeters exhibited a number of very choice Cattleyas, Odontoglossums, Cypripediums, and other Orchids. Cattleya Schilleriana, Odontoglossum hastilabium,
and Lycaste Deppei, with a number of the usual showy Orchids came from M. F. Massange de Louvrex, while Odontoglossum pardinum, navium, and other superb forms came from his brother, M. D. Massange. M. L.
"illy

arranged vases of cut Orchids, M.

floral

J.

de

Terdonck

Orchids

rming bouquet. In the very largely used, and with great

decorations

beautiful Orchids are flowering in the Royal collection at Lacken, ler the intelligent direction of M. H. Knight, among which may be

Many

ationed

the

rare

Ansellia

congoensis,

Lycaste
fifteen

aromatica,
flowers,

vinatum,

Selenipedium

caudatam, with

Oncidium Epidendrum

ilhnum, various Cattleyas, and other showy Orchids.

THE ORCHID REVIEW

253

ORCHIDS AT THE
At

ROYAL HORTICULTURAL
SOCIETY.

the meeting of the Royal Horticultural Society held at the Drill Hall, James Street, Victoria Street, Westminster, on June 24th, many very
interesting Orchids were staged, though the exhibits were less than usual.
S.

numerous

Courtauld, Esq., Bocking

a

Place,

Braintree
of the

(gr.

Mr. A. Wright),
receiving a

contributed

choice

little

group,

three

plants each

These were Masdevallia rosea, a beautiful specimen bearing between seventy and eighty flowers Ccelogyne Sanderiana, with two fine spikes of flowers and three more in bud and Nanodes Medusae, a vigorous and well-flowered plant. Masdevallia x Kimballiana, a pretty orange-flowered hybrid, received an Award of Merit, while Botanical Certificates were awarded to three others, namely, the pretty
;
;

Cultural Commendation.

Ccelogyne odoratissima, Masdevallia cucullata, and Scaphosepalum gibberosum. The quaint little Masdevallia O'Brieniana was also included
little

T.

B.

Haywood,

Esq.,

Woodhatch, Reigate

(gr.

Mr.

Salter), sent a

magnificent spike of the pure white Miltonia vexillaria, Daisy Haywood, which received a Cultural Commendation, and a very fine spike of the typical form.

Captain T.
Rushton), sent
triangularis %

C.

Hincks,

Terrace

House,

Richmond, Yorks

(gr.

Mr.

Masdevallia
of Merit.

x
,

Cassiope, a very pretty hybrid from

and M. Harryana

M. with flowers of a terra-cotta shade, which

received an

Award

M. Jules Hye-Leysen, Coupure, Gand, received a First-class Certificate for Cypripedium x Leysenianum, a handsome hybrid derived from C. barbatum Crossii % and C. bellatulum , a light-coloured form, beautifully
flushed with rose colour and spotted with rosy purple.

to

H. T. Pitt, Esq., Rosslyn, Stamford Hill, exhibited an excellent group, which a Bronze Banksian Medal was awarded. Laelia tenebrosa Pittiana,

an unusually light form, received an Award of Merit.

Among

other plants

may

be noted a very fine Oncidium phymatochilum with much-branched

Angraecums Scottianum and falcatum, Epidendrum vitellinum, Oncidium Kramerianum, Odontoglossum cordatum, Cypripedium superbiens, Curtisii, &c.
spike, Cattleya Mossiae alba,

Pantia Ralli, Esq., Ashstead Park,

Epsom

(gr.

Mr. Hunt), received an

Ralli's variety, with

Award

of Merit for a fine spike of

Phaius Sanderianus
lip.

yellow sepals and petals and a white

Two

spikes of the typical form

were also shown.

T. Statter, Esq., Stand Hall, Whitefield, Manchester
exhibited a
(gr.

Mr. Johnson),

splendid

specimen of Laelia tenebrosa bearing twenty-eight

flowers on seven spikes, to which a Cultural

Commendation was deservedly

254

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

He
also

awarded.

sent

L. purpurata gigantea, with unusually large

lip,

Cattleya Gaskelliana, Cypripedium Curtisii superbum, and C. Lawrence-

E. Ashworth,

Esq.,

Harefield

Hall, Wilmslow,

Cheshire, exhibited a

good form of Laelio-cattleya x Schilleriana.

Gurney Fowler, Esq., Glebelands, South Woodford, Essex (gr. Mr. Davis), showed Cattleya Mossiae Reineckiana and cut spikes of C. Mendelii,
J.

C. Gaskelliana, and Laelio-cattleya x elegans

Turned.

The Executors
Cheshire
(gr.

of the late

G. Hardy, Esq., Pickering Lodge, Timperley,

fine variety of

Mr. Holmes), showed a

Dendrobium

crystalli-

anum under
S.

the

name

of D. Statterianum.

Lutwyche, Esq., Eden Park, Beckenham, showed Promenaea stapelioides and Cypripedium Godefroyae leucochilum.
G.

Moore, Esq., Royal Botanic Garden, Glasnevin, sent the pretty Aganisia ionoptera, Maxillaria Turneri, and Grammatophyllum RumphiF.

W.

Esq., Llanberis, Tooting, showed the richly-coloured Phaius bicolor Oweniae.

Messrs. Rothschild, Gunnersbury Park, Acton
a fine form of Cattleya Warneri, with five
E. Walker, Esq., Leek, sent the very rare

W.

C.

Parkes,

Mr. Reynolds), sent flowers on two spikes.

(gr.

and pretty Odontoglossum Galeottianum, a Mexican species which sometimes comes with O. Cervantesii, and has been incorrectly considered as a natural hybrid with it.
Witt, Esq., Broomfield Road, Maida Vale, sent a very prettily spotted form of Cypripedium bellatulum.
A.

W.

James Veitch and Sons, Royal Exotic Nursery, Chelsea, exhibited Laelio-cattleya x Canhamiana alba, a very handsome hybrid with pure white sepals and petals, which received a First-class Certificate, also Selenipedium x Schroederae, Disa x Veitchii, and D. x Iangleyensis.
Messrs.

Messrs.
to

Hugh Low and

Co., Clapton Nursery, staged an effective group,

It

which a Silver Banksian Medal was awarded.

contained various

Cypripediums, Cattleya Leopold!, C. Warscewiczii, and others, Miltonia Rcezlii, Oncidium macranthum, Masdevallia coriacea, M. Harryana, Saccolabium Blumei, and other good things.
Messrs. Charlesworth, Shuttleworth and Co., Heaton, Bradford, also received a Silver Banksian Medal for a fine group containing

many good

Laeha tenebrosa and

granulosa, a fine

Oncidium macranthum,
ccerulea, Laelio-cattleya

also

O. crispum, Cattleya

Vanda

x Canhamiae, and others.

Messrs. F. Sander and Co., St. Albans, contributed a very interesting group, including the new Angraecum Fournierianum and the beautiful Pescatorea Klabochorum excellens, each of which received an Award of Merit, Aerides Lawrenceanum, Cattleya granulosa aurea, C. Wa purpurea, Grammatophyllum Fenzlianum,
Laelio-cattleya

x Arnol

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

Messrs.

255

W.

L. Lewis and Co., Chase Side, Southgate, N., sent a very

pretty form of Cattleya Gaskelliana called Miss

Maude Dowdney, with white

sepals and petals.

Messrs. Collins and Collins, Cumberland Park Nurseries, Willesden,

staged an effective group, containing several good Epidendrum memorale,

Odontoglossum citrosmum, Cypripediums, &c. Mr. W. Cutbush, Highgate Nurseries, London, staged a group of about forty well-flowered plants of Epidendrum vitellinum. Mr. H. A. Tracy, Amyand Park Road, Twickenham, showed a white
form of Miltonia vexillaria.

At the meeting held on July 10th, a number of interesting Orchids were staged, several of which received awards.
Messrs. James Veitch

Timora, a

fine

and Sons, Chelsea, showed Laelio-cattleya X hybrid derived from Laelia pumila Dayana % and Cattleya
$,

which received a First-class Certificate, Thunia x Veitchiana superba, to which an Award of Merit was given, Disa x Diores (D. x Veitchii x grandiflora), and Phalaenopsis x Artemis.
Messrs.

Lueddemanniana

Hugh Low and

Co., Clapton, exhibited the very interesting

new

two large curiously fringed lobes at the apex of the lip, a Botanical Certificate being awarded. Cypripedium x javanico-superbiens and C. x Alice were also shown. Messrs. W. L. Lewis and Co., Southgate, received a Silver Banksian Medal for an effective group, containing various good Cattleya Gaskelliana, C. Eldorado, Bifrenaria vitellina, B. Harrisonia;, Zygopetalum Gautieri, Oncidium curtum, Cypripedium x Patersonii (C. Lowii $ x C Lawrenceanum ), Lselio-cattleya x amanda, and other showy things. Messrs. F. Sander and Co., St. Albans, staged a group of good things, including a beautiful plant of Platyclinis filiformis, with a hundred and twenty of its graceful drooping racemes, to which a Cultural Commendation was awarded, the rare Saccolabium Hendersonianum, Renanthera
Rolfe, with

Vanda Roeblingiana,

matutina, Dendrobium formosum giganteum, Sobralia xantholeuca, Cattleya Gaskelliana rubra, and C. G. virginalis, Cypripediums, Batalinii, C.
&c.

The Right Hon. J. Chamberlain, M.P., Highbury, Moor Green, Birmingham (gr. Mr. H. A. Burberry), showed cut spikes of the fine Miltonia
vexillaria highburyensis, with a dark

maroon blotch and

lines at the base of

the

lip.

B. Crawshay, Esq., Rosefield, Sevenoaks (gr. Mr. Cooke), staged Odontoglossum Harryanum and a strong O. Pescatorei with much-branched

De

spike, also a

good white Cattleya Gaskelliana. F. Pritchard Davies, Barming Heath, Maidstone, showed a Dr. form of Odontoglossum cristatellum.

fine

56

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

Welbore
S.
Ellis,

Esq.,

Hazelbourne, Dorking

(gr.

Mr. Masterton),

showed
C.

a fine Cattleya Warscewiczii.

W.

Fincken, Esq., Hoyland Hall, Barnsley

(gr.

Mr. Milburn), sent a

fine Cattleya

Rex with four-flowered spike. The Director, Royal Gardens, Kew, sent cut spikes of the beautiful Disa X kewensis, D. x Premier, and D. x langleyensis, for which he received a
C.

Vote of Thanks.

showed a striped Cattleya Mossiffi, Lselio-cattleya x Ingramii, and Cypripedium T. W. Bond, the latter a fine hybrid derived from C. x Swanianum % and C.
Ingram,
Esq.,

Elstead

House,

Godalming,

C.

J.

Lucas,

Esq.,

Warnham

Court,

Horsham

(gr.

Mr.

Duncan),

received a Botanical Certificate for the pretty white and

green Ornitho-

cephalus grandiflorus.
R.
I.

Measures, Esq., Cambridge Lodge, Camberwell

fine interesting Masdevallias,

(gr.

Mr. Chap-

man), sent a group of

M. corniculata, demissa,
form
of

Gaskelliana, muscosa, and trichsete.

F.

W.

Moore,

Esq.,

Glasnevin,

sent

pretty

Phaius

Humblotii.

Baron

Sir

H. Schroder, The

Dell,

Egham

(gr,

Mr. Ballantine), sent

a fine spike of the richly-spotted

J.

W.

Temple,
forms

Odontoglossum crispum Ballantinei. Esq., Leyswood, Groombridge (gr. Mr. Bristowe),

of

showed the
and two
coloured.

rare Fernandezia robusta, Cattleya granulosa var. Buyssoniana,

fine

C. Warscewiczii, one very dark, the

other light

W. Thompson,
Stevens),

Esq.,

Walton Grange, Stone,

Staffordshire

(gr.

Mr.

showed a beautifully blotched variety of Odontoglossum crispum, and Cattleya Gaskelliana var. Nellie, a white form with small purple spot on front of lip, which received an Award of Merit. F. Wigan, Esq., Clare Lawn, East Sheen (gr. Mr. W. H. Young), showed the fine Dendrobium Leeanum atropurpureum, Cypripedium x Wiganianum, and C. x macropterum. Reginald Young, Esq., Sefton Park, Liverpool, sent flowers of Cattleya
granulosa and a spike of a very richly coloured C. Warscewiczii.

CORRESPONDENCE,
C. E.-F..

&c.
folium, Cattleya

M
r<

The

flower- of Cypripedium bellatulum

is

ver\

itiful.

and show how

species

and markings. G.R., Arddarroch. Odontoglossum

in colour

cristatellum.
;

Ur. G. M., Li

spa

and

3.

forms of La

W.

B.

E. A.,

Wilmslow. Cat?

The Amateur Orchid

Cultivator's Guide Book.
By H.
A.

BURBERRY,

F.R.H.S.

THIS

Book

contains sound practical information for Amateurs and

in

beginners

Orchid Culture.
;

In Cloth, price 2 6

post-free, 2 9.

CAN BE OBTAINED FROM THE "ORCHID REVIEW" OFFICE,

ETHEL HOUSE,

KING'S HEATH, BIRMINGHAM;

BLAKE k MACKENZIE, School Lane, LIVERPOOL. JUST PUBLISHED.

A

NEW AND MUCH ENLARGED

EDITION OF

The Orchid Growers' Manual,

By BENJAMIN

SAMUEL WILLIAMS.

F.L.S., F.R.H.S.,

25s.:
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B. S.

WILLIAMS & SON,

N.

PUBLISHED BY

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TO BUY AN ORCHID.

TO SELL AN ORCHID.

THE ORCHID EXCHANGE.

Of
late

there has

been

aty

among

Orchidia

a recognised

medium through which Duplicates

of Seedling,

New, Rare, and

prominent
a

Fine Varieties of Orchids may be either bought or sold. Acting under the advice and with the support of many Amateurs, I have instituted and registered this Exchange as

trading

Amateurs
particular

having
or

duplicates
variety to

for
theii

Disposal,
collection

;td.!ii

species

advantageous method.

No

plant will be accepted for sale, or sold, without being true to name and description.

GUARANTEED

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P.

nformatio

erms, &c,

may

be had of the

WEATHERS,

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Used by all principal Orchid Growers throughout

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HEATING APPARATUS,
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Vol.

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r
THE
Bit
3llu0tratet>

ORCHID REVIEW
nDonthh? Journal,

DEVOTED TO ORCHIDOLOGY.

Notes Obituary An Orchid Sale

257 2^8
259 261

The

The
Dies

Q
C
;
:

Selly Hall Collection

Cypripedium Charlesworthii

264
2
-

C-.
:"

Orchidias

Notice of Book

267
...

Cult

Nomenclature of Cypripedium
Ladio-cattleya
Cattleya

269

Nurs

elegans at Streatham 271

271

Orch
Calei
Polyi

Trigonidium latifolium

Rex

272

tigorap rtent

272

On*

PRICE ONE SHILLING MONTHLY,

>r F
ee 12
-

yCE

WEST. NEWMAN, & CC

[Tkt right
c

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The

published regularly on the net. Annual Subscription 12,-, payable in advance. Editor invites short communications on interesting
is
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ORCHID REVIEW
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which should

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SCALE OF CEAHGES

FOE,

ADVEBTISEMEITTS.

MANUAL OF ORCHIDACEOUS PLANTS, CULTIVATED UNDER

GLASS IN GREAT BRITAIN.

Part I. ODONTOGLOSSUM. Pric- -= ed by nost Part II. and LiELIA. Price Vos 6d by 1 Part III DENDROBIUM. Price ios 6d by cost' 10s Part CYPRIPEDIUM. Price.Part and allied genera Part CCELOGYNE,

CATTLEYA

'

IV V MASDEVALLIA VI EPIDENDRUM
,

>

"V

Part VI Part VIII

]

HAL^N

ftc

^ ^s~

Part

X GENERAL REVIEW

9d

ONCIDIUM and MILTONIA Prft C YMBIDIUM ZYGOPETALU ^ WASTE,

'

of the

DRCHinFff

JAMES VEITCH & SONS,

1Roy>al Erotic 544, KING'S ROAD, CHELSEA, S.W.

Uursec*

THE ORCHID

REVIEW.

meeting of the Royal Horticultural Society at the t, Westminster, during September, namely, on the i the Orchid Committee will meet at the usual hour
i

The

feature of the meeting on

sixty plants in flower of

August 14th was the beautiful group of Cypripedium Charlesworthii, exhibited by Messrs.
which are noted on another page.
on September
7th,

Hugh Low and

Co., of Clapton,

sale is

announced

to take place
lots of

by Messrs. Protheroe
note the fine

and Morris, of one hundred

Orchids from the collection of S. G.

Lutwyche, Esq., Eden Park, Beckenham.

Among them we
at
p.
p.

Dendrobium x Lutwycheanum, described the rare D. X Rceblingianum, described

Cypripedium Charlesworthii
in flower,

at

202 of our July number, 211 of our last volume,

&c.

beautiful Cattleya labiata elegans from the collection of the late T. R. Watt, Esq., of Chislehurst, which has more than once been men-

The

tioned in these columns, Harefield Hall,

was purchased at the Wilmslow, and is now included

is

sale

by E. Ashworth, Esq.,

in his rich collection.

Cycnoches pentadactylon
of

now

flowering very profusely in the collection

Bexley, and bears both male and female flowers, their different appearance giving the plant a very striking appearance.

W. W. Mann, Esq., Ravenswood,

Our readers
will

remember the remarkable specimen

is

figured at p.

Mr. Simon, the gardener, 73 of our last volume. the culture of this remarkable Orchid.

evidently an expert in

25

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

Hybrids between Cypripedium and Selenipedium have more than once been noted in our pages, notably at p. 66 of the present volume. T. W. Swinburne, Esq., Corndean Hall, Winchcombe, Cheltenham, writes that he had a flower each of Cypripedium Spicerianum magnificum and Selenipedium

which he crossed both ways. The Selenipedium pod ripened about seven months ago, and now good strong seedlings are showing on the pot, but the Cypripedium pod, the reverse cross, is not yet ripe.
Schlimii,

Referring to the note on p. 247 of Cypripedium bellatulum with twoflowered scapes, Mr. Swinburne also states that he has a very fine variety

which has borne two flowers on each scape

for the last

two years.

Professor Penzig, of Genoa, has recently published in the Memoires de la Societi Nationale des Sciences Naturelles de Cherbourg an article on ''Monstrosities in

Orchids," in which he reviews the principal structural modifica-

tions that occur.

OBITUARY.
announce the death, at Tooting, on July 30th, of Mr. William Hugh Gower, in his 59th year. Mr. Gower has been ailing for several months, in fact he never really recovered" from an attack of influenza which he had some time ago. Mr. Gower was
formerly with Messrs. Jackson and Son, of Kingston, and afterwards with Messrs. Rollisson, B. S. Williams, and at Kew. Of late years he has been well known in connection with the horticultural press, more especially in connection with Orchids, about which he contributed largely to The Garden, while since Thomas Moore's death he has assisted in the preparation of the Orchid Album. His one contribution to our columns was respecting Lycaste Skinnen alba, at p. 229 of our last volume, though we have a letter from him expressing his appreciation of the work being done by the Orchid Review. He only survived his father a kw months.

William Hugh Gower.We

regret to have to

Augusts Linden. We also regret to hear of the death of M. Auguste Linden, son of M. J. Linden, of Brussels, which took place at Luxembourg
on August 10th,
officer in

44 years. the Belgian army, which he left

at the age of

For ten years he served as an in 18S5, and went on a collecting

expedition to the islands of the Indian Ocean, during which he sent Aendes Augustianum, Spathoglottis Augustorum, Vanda Lindeni,

home
Dento the
.

drobium

stratiotes,

ornamental plants.

D. strebloceras, D. inauditum, and other Orchids and

After a rest of

some months
.

in

and thc remarkable L sso , cnilus giganteus. Some time after his return home he met with a serious accident, which necessitated the amputation of the left arm, and paralysed other, leaving him quite an invalid for the last six
s

Con g0j whence he obtained Ansdiia congoens

Europe he went

years of his

life.

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

AN ORCHID
Several correspondents have expressed

SALE.
a wish that

we should

give an

occasional note of the Orchid Sales and the prices obtained, which they think would be useful as a guide to those living away from London.

The

one which took place at Messrs. Protheroe and Morris's Rooms, on August ioth, when an importation of about seven hundred plants of Cattleya Dowiana aurea, and a small batch of Miltonia
are

following

notes of

Roezlii,

were offered by Messrs

and other

W.

L. Lewis and Co., of Southgate, batches

of Laelia tenebrosa, Sophronitis grandiflora,

caria

Steelii,

Odontoglossum crispum, Scutithings, by Messrs. F. Horsman and Co., of

the

Colchester, together with

in

usual

additions

of miscellaneous

Orchids

flower.

The

sale

opened with an

offer of twenty-five lots of

Miltonia Roezlii, the

best price obtained being ten shillings for a plant described as a "fine mass." Other similar pieces fetched from five to eight shillings, also lots of

two and

three smaller plants, one of the latter going for four shillings. The great attraction was naturally the fine importation of the beautiful Cattleya Dowiana aurea, which, unfortunately, is generally supposed to be

now becoming
lity
<

rare

in

its

native habitat.

This of

itself

would

attract

of

:ing the ra
its varieties,

ural hybrid, Cattleya

Hardya:
district

which

n up in importations

where
e

C.

Dowian

md

C.

YYarscewiczii

-row

3gether.

At

all

nd the

fact just r nentioned

may

be

price obtained

was
fi\

5
e

down
t<

as one of the determining

for

and a! half guineas

an " extraanother

rdinary fine piece, with seventeen bi libs and

Iea\ es," F.
ich price

Hardy, Esq.,
fine

eing the purchase r.

lant

One

realised

g
t

was

t ,OU

ne

5s.,

g ht ii 1. Four or five otl lers fetche d four and a half guineas, one th ree guineas, three thers C3 while over thirty
-

mged between 2 and 3.

ises

The moi

rdinary

and

in a

two and

three

r, ot,

good many
5S

fete hed v,

down

to

twelve shillings, and over a hundred lots failed to reach this figure, which is believed to have been the reserve price. A fine established plant bearing a raceme of three flowers, which was exhibited during the sale, was knocked

down

for 4.

The

prices decidedly declined towards the close of the day,

it

but, taken altogether,

was generally considered

that the sale

was a very

good one.
were

Many well-known amateurs were among

the buyer-.

Laelia tenebrosa
offered,

went cheap. About twenty-four lots of four plants each and some seven of these fetched from seven to fifteen shillings

each, the remainder being grouped twelve plants together and realised from fifteen to seventeen shillings per lot. Three lots of twenty pieces were

2 6o

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

at eight shillings

knocked down

each.

fine

mass

of Lselia crispa with

over forty bulbs went for 2, and a few lots of four plants ranged from seven

Sophronitis grandiflora

was

offered in

good condition.

"

Grand

pieces

"

went

for six

and seven

shillings,
in

and

in lots of three

each for eighteen to

twenty shillings.

And

one case over twenty

lots of six pieces

each were

lumped together and only fetched 2 10s. A few Oncidium Forbesii, in " grand masses," ranged from five to seven Oncishillings each and in two's of smaller size fetched about the same. dium concolor went a trifle cheaper, only reaching six shillings on about one occasion. Lots of six pieces fetched about four shillings each, and a few
lots

grouped together averaged rather

less.

small parcel of Scuticaria

lot,

Steelii

found purchasers at from four to six shillings per

while a dozen

small pieces grouped together realised nine shillings.

Odontoglossum crispum from Pacho, of which over a hundred lots were offered, would hardly sell. One lot of four pieces sold for three shillings, but when grouped six lots together fetched only seven to ten shillings, and
ten together eleven to thirteen shillings, ultimately falling to about five
shillings for similar quantities.

One would think

that the

work

of extermi-

nating this beautiful species might

now

cease for a time.

Miscellaneous Orchids, mostly in flower, are

these sales, and. on this occasion
lots.

now

a regular feature of

amounted

to nearly

one hundred and

fifty

Among

those not in flower

may

be noted two Lycaste Skinneri alba,

which went
shillings,

two and three guineas, Ccelogyne cristata alba twenty-four Dendrobium nobile Cooksoni two and a half guineas, Selenipefor

dium X grande 1, and a few others

shillings.

at

prices

ranging down to five

Cattleya Trianaj alba fetched seven guineas, but a dozen plants

of the type ranged

from

five to six shillings each, or

even

less,

while three

Dowiana aurea in sheath ranged from seventeen to twentytwo shillings each. And, by way of keeping insects in check, a case of twentyfive green tree-frogs was sold for fourteen shillings. Orchids in flower made quite a show. A plant of Cypripedium X vexilplants of Cattleya

larium fetched two guineas, C. tonsum ten shillings, several C. x cenan-

thum

four to ten

shillings

each

indeed,

many Cypripediums

of various

kinds ranged from about five to nineteen shillings, and one as low as three
shillings.

A good number

of

Dendrobium Phalamopsis ranged from

five to

ten shillings each, and a batch of four fetched thirteen shillings.

D. nobile

album realised 2 10s., various D. formosum from six to fifteen shillings, and D. chrysanthum seven shillings. Two Cattleya Leopoldi fetched twenty and
twenty-one shillings each, three C. Warscewiczii ranged from eight to twenty-one shillings, and several C. Gaskelliana from seven to twenty
shillings.

fine

Vanda

suavis, four

and a half

feet high,

with two racemes,

fetched two guineas, and a small V. tricolor seven shillings, this being also

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

the price of Coelogyne Massangeana.

abi

Miltonia Candida fetched eight and

eleven shillings, M. vexillaria six and thirteen shillings, and M. Clowesii seven shillings. A fine specimen of Lselio-cattleya x Schilleriana, with

two spikes, went for nine and a half guineas, Lselia crispa for ten shillings, Stanhopea Wardn for six shillings, and Epidendrum raniferum for i. Odontoglossum crispum virginale realised ten shillings, Oncidium Papilio macranthum twenty shillings, while two good plants six shillings, and O. Forbesii, which looked like hybrids, were sold for six and ten called O. Odontoglossum grande in bud fetched from eight to ten shillings. Several Schlieperianum five shillings, and two or three Triehopilia shillings, O.
Galeottiana three to six shillings each.
It is

useless to prolong the

also

list,

as the preceding indicates pretty clearly

shows that rare things are sought after. How the range of prices, and guide to average prices, and how it compares with nurseryfar it serves as a lists, is perhaps a matter of opinion, but it must be borne in mind men's prices fluctuate considerably, owing to causes which will that at these sales
readily be understood.

THE SELLY HILL COLLECTION.

interesting collection of Orchids is the one situated at A fine and very Selly Hill, Birmingham, the residence of one of our most The Uplands,

enthusiastic Orchidists.

Here

are several well-constructed and conveniently

containing several thousand plants in the most robust arranged houses, we had the pleasure of inspecting a short time ago. Mr. health, which among his pets, in fact, he described them as his Winn spends much time

with the assistance of his able gardener, Mr. Oliver, has chief pleasure, and to a condition of excellence which is in the highest brought the collection
degree satisfactory.
Hybridisation
is

carried on extensively

and

in a

systematic fashion.

At

were encountered, but they were gradually overcome, first many Over two is reaping the reward of his perseverance. and now Mr. Winn of various kinds are in existence, to say nothing of thousand seedlings and not yet potted up in fact, one block alone contains those germinating hundred nice little plants, which will probably yield some over twelve
difficulties

surprises in the future.

Our readers will remember Cymbidium X Winnianum (C. giganteum $ X C. eburneum t) the fine Then there is the handfigured at p. 361 of our last volume. which was Dendrobium x Nestor, whose portrait appears on a later page; some x Edith Winn (C. Stonei $ x C. purpuratum $), of which Cypripedium single seedling was raised; C. x Cleopatra (C. Stonei $ x C. x only a superbum ); C. x The Duke (C. Stonei $ x C. barbatum cenanthum
Several good things have already flowered.

,62

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

;

grandiflorum $)

x Harrisianum ? X C. barbatum J) C. X Psyche, a hybrid between C. bellatulum and C. niveum (which was
C. X

Ensign

(C.

others which do not

seem to have been recorded. Then there are some seedling Calanthes, and some of the earlier hybrids which have also been raised here, among them Thunia X Veitchiana and Cypripedium X Calypso,
a particularly fine form.

Cypripedium Chamberlainianum has been

Mr.

utilised for hybridisation,

and

Winn

has seedlings between

it

and C. Stonei, C. superbiens, and C. x

deserves to be placed on record.

fertilised,

flower of C. Chamberlainianum
at length
in fact,

was
the

and the pod gradually swelled and

spike

matured, but

all

time the

continued to flower, and,

the seedlings were up

before the last flower

species,

was

out.
of

namely,

its

habit

This fact illustrates a peculiarity of the flowering for months in succession, by the
It

gradual elongation of the spike.

are very healthy, though

succeeds admirably here, and the plants

heat than
is

grown

in less

often given.

Here are some healthy seedlings raised from Cypripedium x Harrisianum superbum crossed with C. Sanderianum, all of which have veined leaves, mostly light coloured, though one is very dark. Others raised from C. Rothschildianum crossed with C. niveum will probably prove good when they reach the flowering stage. Another promising hybrid, of which there are fourteen good plants, is C. niveum crossed with C. x oenanthum
superbum, which we may expect to hear of again.

An attempt has been

of S.

made

to

get

an improved white Selenipedium, after the style

cardinale, by crossing S.
S. Schlimii albiflorum,

x Sedeni candidulum with the pollen

of a fine

Turning

to

and a good healthy capsule has developed. Cattleyas, we find a variety of interesting crosses, and among

them one from C. Dowiana aurea crossed with C. Warscewiczii, an experiment made for the express purpose of obtaining the splendid C. x Hardyana, as we advised in these columns some time ago. Seedlings from C. Bowringiana crossed with the old C. labiata are promising, as both are

autumn

bloomers, free growers, and in every

Seedlings from

way

likely to unite well together.

Cymbidium giganteum crossed with C. Mastersii have

Masdevallia tovarensis

reached a good size, but have not yet flowered. crossed with M. bella yielded seedlings which are
should soon flower.

now

six years old,

and

They

are specially interesting, because one

parent

belongs to the Saccolabiate group, which does not readily unite with species of other sections.

These are only a few hasty notes, which may serve to give some idea of the work which is being carried on here and the number of choice crosses which have been made. We may, perhaps, be able to supplement them on

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

Turning now
a
to

263

some

of the species observed in flower,

we may

first

note

barbatum Warneri, which is a great favourite with Mr. Winn, and has the character of being always in flower.
of

large

number
was

Cypripedium

Curtisii

also flowering with remarkable vigour, the various plants

being pictures of health.

well

Another plant which was growing and flowering

like C.

was

C.

Volonteanum, which, though so much

Hookers

in the

flower, has leaves about

twice a thick, so that they two

may

easily be

distinguished by this character.

Many

plants of C. niveum were in flower,

It
is

and the

fine C. n.

grandiflorum in bud.
C.

said to be double the

sue

of

the ordinary form.

x Godseffianum was
in flower.

also worthy of note

among
its

the

numerous other forms

Among

Selenipediums we noted a very

;

fine

S.

caudatum, and
S.

light

variety Wallisii

the

handsome
in

S.

X Schrceders,

x grande atratum,
to

also fine plants of

many

of the other well-known forms.

Masdevallias are grown

the

quantity, and the

mind naturally reverts

handsome M. Winnianum, which originated

and another with yellow-edged sepals.

here.

Several plants were

finely in flower,

together with a very dark, almost blackish, form of M.

Roezlii,
all

The forms

just

mentioned

appeared in the same importation with M. Winnianum, and

may

be

considered as extreme forms of one variable species.

Wallisii stupenda

The handsome M.

was

also in

bloom,

its

flowers being unusually large;

in fact, all the Masdevallias are well

grown,

many

of the plants being large

and strong, and when thus grown it is remarkable how long the same flower spikes will continue to push fresh flowers. Many handsome Cattleyas and Lailias were in flower, including a very fine C. Mendelii with the front half of the lip very richly coloured and the
tip

of the
;

petals

splashed

with

similar

tint;

the

beautiful

C.

Morganise
like C.

and a handsome form

of C.

Mossise with flaked petals,

M. much

M. Hardyana.

splendid form of Laslio-cattleya x Schilleriana

was also in bloom. The handsome Dendrobium x Nestor was bearing a dozen of an excellent form of D. Dalhousieanum was coloured flowers
;

its

richly

finely in

bloom

a very strong D. Falconeri giganteum, with long pseudobulbs

and

flowering right to the apex, and

curious feature with respect to

this collection.

many other of the usually grown forms. A D. Wardianum album has been observed in

For many years the yellow disc showed no trace of spots, but afterwards a pair of pale or dusky spots appeared, which now reproduce
themselves.

long

list

of plants in flower

might be enumerated, but we have no

intention of

making a catalogue.

An unusual form

of Miltonia vexillaria,

however,

may

be mentioned, in which the white

lip

was
is

prettily spotted

with pink.

One thing we

noticed in going through the houses

that the tempera-

2 4

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

fares are kept rather below the average, by the admission of plenty of fresh air. The bottom ventilators are constructed of perforated iron, which

and thus prevent cold draughts, while at the same time they can be opened to any amount, little or great, according to the
filter

serves to

the

air,

warm sunny afternoons without any ill effects, and no manure of any kind is used. The plants generally are exceedingly well grown and healthy, and Mr. Winn attributes much of his success to the constant admission of fresh air whenever the
syringe
is

state of the weather.

The

used freely on

outside conditions permit, in conjunction with moderate temperatures and careful attention in the important matters of potting and watering. The
collection

one of our oldest ones, though at the same time one of the most interesting, being well to the front in the comparatively modern work
is

of hybridisation,

and Mr. Winn may certainly be congratulated on

its

excellence.

CYPRIPEDIUM CHARLESWORTHII.
the beautiful Cypripedium Charlesworthii was originally described our pages, at pp. 303 and 355 of the last volume, it was little suspected that within a year it would be flowering in ery collectk

When

and yet so abundant has it become through the enormous important which have been made, by three different firms, that this is what has taken place. At the Meeting of the Royal Horticultural Society on August 14th,
Messrs.

Hugh Low and

it

Co., of Clapton, exhibited a magnificent group of

fully justified
all

sixty plants in flower,

which

we

predicted respecting

it,

has proved to be a summer-flowerer instead of an autumn one. We are now in a position to judge better of its merits, and next to its undoubted beauty the thing which particularly strikes us is the amount of
variability
it

except that

presents in the colouring of the dorsal sepal.

The amount

of

white marbling varies considerably in different flowers, in two or three of the darkest being almost absent, as in our coloured plate.

From

this

it

gradually increased in amount down to the lightest forms, even predominating in two or three instances, where the colour was chiefly confined to the nerves. The depth of the rose colour also varies considerably,
in

one or

two cases being almost of a pale which the white predominates.

identical with our plate.
It is

lilac-rose tint, these being chiefly those in

Two

or three dark forms were

is

almost

The

porcelain white staminode

very remarkable.

perhaps not less useful flowering in August than two months later, as was the case last season, which probably arose from the check it received by being imported just when it was. Hybridists are now busy with it and a few years hence we may see some surprises. The marvel is that so beautiful a species should not have been discovered before.


THE ORCHID REVIEW.

DIES ORCHIDIAN^.
At
last
I

we know something about

see
is

tl lat
11

mysterious i plant, Cattleya Rex,

I

which
prised

flowed ng
it

all

aro, Hid
it

s,

and

confe :ss
il :

am

agreeably sur-

find

as d istinct as

is.
t!

Nominally,

may

be said to have
J.

appeared

in 1890,

but

we

are assi ired

overed by M.

Linden
but did

half a century earlier, and that

V fallis
it.

met with
Europe.

it

th; irty

years

later,

not suet:eed in sending living

at differ ent times

plai

Two

collectors also have

bee n sent for

bu t without sue cess.

And no wonder,
and that
days

when

we

consider

how

it

grows

i,

the

most

inaccesi sible locality,

" not only the plants, but the collectors have

to be carried for several

on the backs

of Indians," over precipitous rocks,

&c,

the result being better

to this sort of

imagined than described.

However, now they have got used

the species
is

thing I mean the

with
us.
I

collectors, not the plants

it,

things are looking up, and

as

another firm has also imported

niana:

becoming more common

Orchidacea Linda-

have not yet discovered the ancient records

is silent,

except about Cattleya Mossiae and of course there will be

records, unless the secret

was remarkably well

kept.

and a beautiful Cattleya it is, if not exactly what we expected it to be. And it flowers at a time which makes it parThere ticularly useful, when the early-flowering Cattleyas are about over.
it,

However, now we have

is

a distinct shade of yellow or creamy buff in most of the flowers which

makes a pleasing variety, and the lip is very handsome, though not veined But I question if it has yet reached its full as strongly as was anticipated. development, for among the many plants seen I have yet to find one with a
raceme of
six
six flowers, a lip

two and a half inches broad, and an expanse of

tip to tip of

and a half inches from

issued.

the petals as in one of the plates

of course

which has been

this

The presumption

half a century ago

must have appeared

before in

was that a plant known some shape or form, but of

we have no
its

evidence.

Some

of these days

we may

learn

something

more about

habitat.

contemporary, speaking about Phaius Sanderianus, calls attention to nomenclature question, and " wishes for some very decided system of the

nomenclature which would determine the doubtful

titles

only in this genus, but throughout the whole order."

now occurring, not The trouble is that

some

authorities consider this plant a variety of P. Blumei, which itself has

been reduced to a variety of P. grandifolius, and yet in the records of the R. H. S. awards P. Sanderianus is stated to be a species. All this is And now for the remedy. " It appears to be naturally very confusing.
quite time that another Orchid Conference should be held with a view to

comparing species and

varieties, for the

purpose of reducing the chaos of

266

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

nomenclature by those who are confusing names to a rational and scientific acknowledged to be the standard authorities on this subject." But would the)- do it ? so I welcome the proposal, though all the same I have my If doubts on the subject. We have already had a Nomenclature Committee,

who
them

laid

down
I

certain rules on the subject,

and the next thing necessary

seems to be a Conference to decide how

out.

to deal with those

who

don't carry

make no charge

for the suggestion.

As

to the larger question,

should think a single genus would serve for

an experiment.

Cattleya, for instance, would serve for any ordinary Con-

ference as long as they would care to

with this one would be that, try

and the advantage of commencing how they would, it would be impossible to

sit,
it

make

the

confusion

worse than

already

is.

Species, varieties, sub-

varieties, sections,

and one hardly knows what besides, are mixed up in the utmost confusion, and the Conference which succeeds in putting them on an
intelligible basis will deserve the

thanks

of all Orchidists.

One matter more and I have done. At page 205 I called attention to a list of so-called new species, varieties, and hybrids, whose claim to the title must be traced back for a varying and sometimes considerable number of years. I now see Galeandra lagoensis solemnly announced as " Nov. Sp.," which looks well, no doubt, until you discover that it was described in 1881. And Cattleya x Hardyana laversinensis is not a new variety, in spite of the
le contrary.

No wonder

our records get mixed at times.

CYPRIPEDIUM
A
Esq.,

EDWARDII.
sent by R.

flower of this beautiful hybrid has been

H. Measures,

The Woodlands, Streatham, which shows that it has decidedly improved since it was originally described and figured in our pages (vol. i. The dorsal sepal is barely under two and a quarter inches broad, p. 23).
and shows the influence of the pollen parent, C. Fairieanum, in being closely veined and somewhat reticulated with deep purple. The lip and staminode
are

much

like

those of C. superbiens, the other parent, while the petals

being beautifully
spotted along the

aie fairly intermediate in character,

nerves with purple-brown on a light ground, the margin being suffused with purple, undulate, and beautifully ciliate. This distinct and beautiful hybrid

was raised

in the

collection

oi

H. Graves, Esq., Orange,

New

Jersey,

U.S.A., by Mr. R.
that last year
Society.
it

M. Grey, and its merits may be inferred from the fact received an Award of Merit horn the Royal Horticultural

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

NOTICE OF BOOK.
Le Livres
des Orchidias.
la

Par

le

Comte O. de Kerchove de Denterghem,

Royal d'Agriculture et de Botanique, a Gand. Large 8vo., pp. 601, with 310 woodcuts and 31 chromolithographs. Gand, Ad. Hoste, 47, Rue des Champs. Paris, G. Masson,
President de
Societe
120, Boulevard St.

Germain.

occasion to review several cultural works on have recently had Orchids, and now we have before us one written from a more general standpoint, from the pen of Comte Oswald de Kerchove, author of a well-known

We

work on Palms.

The

author's object, as set forth in the preface,

is

to give

to lovers of these beautiful plants a

summary
is

of the present state of our

knowledge respecting them. large number of facts are brought together hundred pages, in which a on the whole very well arranged, though its value compact form, and
result

The

a very interesting

volume

of six
in
is

largely detracted from by an unnecessarily large

number

of errors.

The

'

work commences with a short general Introduction, in which various ancient and modern, are discussed, and here we note one or two matters, exotic Orchids introduced to Europe The first details which are incorrect. grandifolius and Cymbidium ensifolium, sent are said to have been Phaius
in

1780 by Dr. John Fothergill. But is recorded as the date of introduction of a century before this, while 178S Allan Cunningham is said to have introduced Phaius grandifolius. Again, Australian Orchids in 1823, though Dendrobium and described the first introduced in 1S01, by Sir Joseph Banks, while in 1807 no speciosum was
less

Bletia verecunda flowered nearly half

than
in

six others appeared, all of

which

facts

have recently been pointed

Oncidium ensifolium is evidently a slip for O. bifolium. out work is divided into three parts Structure and Organisation, Utility The Geographical Distribution, and Culture, Friends and Enemies. The and
our columns.
classification adopted
is

that of Prof. Pfitzer, which, however, the author

thinks does not represent their line of descent,

though he remarks that

all

the systems

of classification yet
it

proposed are

artificial.

The

great faults of

this system are, that

based almost entirely upon the vegetative organs, brings together plants which have no genetic affinity, while separating and other obviously allied ones that it revives various so-called genera whose
is
;

claims have long ago been exploded, and makes other

not a leg to stand

new ones which have

upon witness

Limatodes, Prepanthe, Aporum, Eulophi-

dium, Macromitrium, Paphiopedilum, and others.

of this
useless,

system

is

the perpetuation of a host of

of

One result of the adoption names which are worse than

and the imposition

others of equal value, of which Limato-

preptanthe bella, Phajopreptanthe aurora and Phajolimatopreptanthe Sedeniana furnish excellent examples, to say nothing of over four hundred

new

names

for hybrid

Cypripediums and Selenipediums, here referred

to

Paphio-

268

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

is

pedium, which

certainly not a genus.

And, as
that
still

if

this

were not

sufficient,

we

find

in

the

enumeration of

species

even synonyms long ago

referred to

exploded, and even here not recognised, are

Paphiopedium.
30) and P.

And what
Regina
is

shall be said of
f.

Paphiopedium barbatum, Lindl.

550)
?

(p.

Marshallianum, Rchb.
different plants, while

(p.

On

p.

57 the figure of Cattleya Victoriais

repeated, regardless of

the fact that

made up from two

on
still

p.

wrongly spoken of as
mixed, for

390 its habitat, and that of C. Alexandra, is The genus Cycnoches is hopelessly a mystery.

we

find the female of

C pentadactylon
p.

figured on p. 164 as the

205 both sexes of professedly the same species are given, though in reality they belong to the very different C. Warscewiczii, while the male is called the female, and vice versa. Again,

male

of C. ventricosum, while

on

the

enumeration of species on

p.

426

is

marred by four serious

errors,

besides which C. Pescatorei should be excluded.

On

p.

1S6 the old blunder

p.

about three sexes of Catasetum

carefully cites the paper in

is
it

repeated, though on

12 the author
p.
is

which

was

corrected.

The remark on
is

41

that

the

only character

common
we

to Orchidese

and Burmanniaceae

the
to

inferior

ovary

is

singularly unfortunate.

Chapter XII.

devoted

note that the author refers those who would study the history of hybridisation completely to " l'excellent Orchid
Hybridisation, and incidentally

Review."

short chapter

is

devoted to Fossil Orchids, of which one or

the various

two very doubtful examples have been described from the Eocene formation.
Part
II. is

largely devoted to the geographical distribution of

list
;

genera, with an alphabetical

of the principal species,

and another of

hybrids with
varieties of

though most inexplicably nearly all the Laelio-cattleya x elegans are given as hybrids between that
their

parentage

plant

and Cattleya labiata.

The

cultural details, to
is

which Part

III.

is

devoted, are as satisfactory as the nomenclature part

the reverse.

The

woodcuts are for the most part familiar, also the chromolithographs. There is a good Index, but the Table of Contents is strangely out of place
at the
in

end of the volume.

We

regret to have to point out so

many

defects

an otherwise very useful work, especially as so many of them might, and ought to have been, avoided, and by pointing some of them out we hope at least to hasten the period of their ultimate disappearance.

COCHLIODA NOETZLIANA.
A
It
is

very fine specimen of this

handsome

species has flowered

in

the

collection of

Major-General C. B. Lucie-Smith, The Acacias, Worthing. a large clump, grown in a pan, and bore as many as ten of its
It is

gracefully arching spikes and one hundred and six flowers.

a very

easily-grown plant, and succeeds well in hanging pans or baskets in the cool house, in the usual compost of peat and sphagnum, with a plentiful

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

supply of water during the growing season.
tinged with violet-purple.

269

The

flowers are of a pleasing

lip

shade of orange-scarlet, with a yellow disc

It is

to the

and the column

it

a native of Peru, whence

was sent by

M. Jean Notzli to Messrs. Linden, L'Horticulture Internationale, Brussels, and was named in honour of the introducer (Rolfe in Lindcnia, t. 266), though from a mistake in the spelling of this gentleman's name, it was
at first spelt

" Noezliana."

It

received a Botanical Certificate from the

ri, 1890, but

Royal Horticultural Society on November

improved, though
it

has since greatly

is

doubtful

if

the inflorescence will develop the free-

branching habit originally shown.

Messrs.

Charlesworth, Shuttleworth,
it

and

Co.,

Heaton,

Bradford,

afterwards introduced

from the

same

locality.

NOMENCLATURE OF CYPRIPEDIUM.
The
Prof.

last-issued part of Enter's Hoianischc Jahrhittlicr contains an article by

Pfitzer,

of

Heidelberg,
in reply to

entitled

" Beitriige

zur

systematic

der

Orchideen," chiefly
of

the startling changes in the nomenclature

It

Orchids

proposed

by Dr. Otto Kuntze.

concludes with
It

some

criticisms
less

on the

classification of the

Cypripedium group.

will doubt-

be remembered that some years ago this author proposed a system of classification based for the most part upon the vegetative organs, and
other changes, transferred the tropical species of Cypripedium and

among

Selenipedium with coriaceous leaves to a new genus, which he called Papbiopedilum. To this, in my Review of the Apostasies [Journ. Linn.
Soc, xxv. p. 215),
I

objected, on the ground that the

new genus possessed

no difference

in floral structure,

being based entirely upon the conduplicate

just

as diverse as the foliose species of Cypripedium and Selenipedium,

as distinct genera.

which he retained
Prof. Pntzer

now

returns to the question {Engl. But. Jahrb., xix. p. 31),

attempting to vindicate his position, and further giving an enumeration of Cypripedium is called Cypripedilum, and is limited to the species. the

hardy
while

foliose
its allies

species.

The

section Diphyllae

is

limited to C. japonicum,

are transferred to section Foliosse.

Selenipedium
;

is

reduced
all

to the three foliose species,

which are called Selenipedilum

are

while

our

familiar

cultivated
species

species

transferred

to

Paphiopedilum.
P.

Various
P.

exploded

are

resuscitated,

as P. Elliottianum,

Gardineri,

reticuJatum, P. dilectum, and others, and thus unnecessarily increase the

already too numerous synonymy.

The

latter is a

synonym
is

of P. Boxallii, of

which

is

wrongly enumerated
is

in the

group Tessellata;, while P. villosum,

variety,

which the preceding

group called Viridia.

scarcely

more than a
is

referred to another
its

P. Charlesworthii

included in Tessellatse, while

270

THE ORCHID REVIEW,

ally,

Spicerianum, appears under Viridia. These are only specimens, and do not by any means exhaust the list of inconsistencies, whose culminating point is reached in Paphiopedilum cothurnum, the female of a Catasetum, P. Socco, the male of another, and P. epidendricum,
P.

nearest

species

of

Cyrtopera

all
is

three, be

it

noted, having
d'etre

plicate

leaves,

the

very

absence of which
is

the

raison

of the

so-called genus.

Comment
upon

needless.
really

The proposed change

floral

means

that genera shall no longer be based

I

structure,

but upon the vegetative organs.

have already

pointed out that Reichenbach's genus Selenipedium has a substantial base to stand upon, having retained the ancestral character of a three-celled ovary

with axile placentation, as in the tribe Apostasieas (see remarks upon Neuwiedia Lindleyi at page 70), while Cypripedium has a one-celled ovary with parietal placentation, as in the rest of the family. All other characters are of subordinate importance. Tf this is to be ignored in the case of species

with conduplicate leaves, and recognised in those with plicate ones, the whole thing becomes a farce. If both are recognised, we have four genera,
floral

structure indicates, and, in

my

opinion, no cause has been

this should be set aside.

The
it

three-celled ovary has a

shown why significance which

indicates the affinity with Apostasiese, and the lines along which progressive modifications have taken place.

alone deserves recognition, as

necessity for the proposed changes in spelling may be inferred from the fact that Count Kerchove again transfers Primer's Paphiopedilums to

The

Paphiopedium.
amazingly.

And

thus the

list

of

synonyms grows and

flourishes
.

R> A# RoLFE

ZYGOPETALUM LINDENI^E.
and pretty species of Zygopetalum has recently flowered of M. F. Finet, of Argenteuil, France. It is a native
nd was introduced by
It

Messrs.

Linden, L' Horticulture

is

belongs to the section Zygosepalum, and

Hook.,
3

not

apparent in the origh

;Rolfe
in

repared

Lindenia,
to

t.

275;,

hence

the

species
It

was wroi
differs
f

upposed to belong
:.

another section of the genus.

rostratum in having the lip closely and regularly striped with pu n a whitish ground. The sepals and petals are obscurely veined \ urple-brown on a light ground, slightly tinged with greenish. The coh whitish, striped with purple in front, and has very large rounded wi t will succeed in a warm, moist house, under the treatment given tc ostratum, to which it bears much resemblance in general habit.
5

THE ORCHID REVIEW. L^ELIO-CATTLEYA x ELEGANS AT STREATHAM.

A
large

271

number

of plants of this beautiful

Orchid are grown

in the

collection of R.

H. Measures, Esq., The Woodlands, Streatham, which we had the pleasure of seeing a few days ago. Here are about a hundred and twenty plants, most of them being either in flower or bud, and fifty of them Most of the named varieties are contained in the being fully expanded. collection, but instead of making a long enumeration, we refer our readers to page 235 of our last volume, where they are considered in detail. The
plants are splendidly grown, and reflect great credit on Mr. Coles, under

whose charge they

are.

The

different

forms vary greatly

in colour,

from the
first,

variety delicata, in which the sepals and petals are very pale green at

but ultimately almost nankeen yellow, up to the deepest and richest forms
allied to

Turned.

There are some splendid six-flowered

and has
light rosy-purple sepals

spikes,

one of
It
is

which, after being painted, has kindly been sent by Mr. Measures.
called variety matuta,
slightest tinge of green, tightly-enrolled, almost pure white side lobes,

and petals with the and a

a beautiful variety.

nearly sessile, roundish, purple-crimson front lobe.

It is

Many
a

Cattleya Leopoldi are in flower near them, and in going through such
of plants

number

one can easily trace

It is

its

relation to the last-named

and

Laslia purpurata.

notoriously variable, as hybrids generally are.

TRIGONIDIUM LATIFOLIUM.
This species was described by Lindley {Bot. Reg. x. sub. t. 1923), as long ago as 1837, from a Brazilian drawing made by Descourtilz, who found it " on the trees that surround the foot of the mountain of La Bucunha, and on the borders of the Rio Parahyba, below the town of Rezende, flowering
January," and strangely enough has remained practically unknown to the It has now appeared in the collection of Henry M. Purchas, present day.
in

Esq., Chasedale, Ross.,

among

plants imported from Brazil.

It is allied to

T. obtusum, Lindl., but has oblong acute leaves with attenuate base, from
certain differences in the flower.
light

The

sepals are light yellow, suffused with

maroon-purple about the middle and somewhat veined below. The petals are beautifully nerved with purple-brown on a light ground, and have
a similar blotch at the convex acute apex.

The

lip

is

half as long as the

petals with a fleshy obtuse yellow front lobe, and narrow inflexed side-lobes,

with a purple margin, and a few minute purple spots near the base.

T.

macrantha,

Rodr.

{Gen.

et

Sp.

Orch. noi\,

i.

p.

105;,

from the Organ

this,
if

Mountains, according to the description, must be very near

specifically identical.

not

The

re-discovery of a species so long imperfectly

known

is

very interesting.

The

plant

has been presented to the

Kew

collection.

R. A. R.

2?2

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

CATTLEYA REX.
At page 226 we alluded
to Cattleya

Rex

in

the collection of T. Statter,

have now received a splendid photograph showing the group of ten plants, bearing sixteen spikes, and an aggregate of forty-five flowers, together with a three-flowered raceme.
Esq., Stand Hall, Manchester.

We

One
bear

of

the

plants
flowers,

bears but

three
three

spikes.

three

have

as

The majority of the spikes many as four each, while

original

the remainder have two.

plate,

Comparing the photograph with the

are hardly as spreading as tinge
of

we
the

note that the petals

flowers

represented,

while

themselves
fact,

show
the

decided

creamy-buff

rather than white, in

we have

not yet seen

tint

a flower which could

be called
individuals.

pure

white,

though

varies
less
is

somewhat
it

in

different

The

veining of the

lip is also

pronounced, and does

so

not

extend so far towards the

It

apex, neither
is

the base of the tube outside.

certainly a
light

marked towards very handsome Cattleya,

and the deep buff-yellow tube, with

contrast

carmine front lobe, beautifully

It

crisped-undulate whitish margin, and veined throat, form a very charming

with the cream-white or light yellowish sepals and petals.

also flowers at a very useful season, at the end of July

and beginning

of

August, when the majority of Cattleyas are getting over.

The

plants are
full

now

well

established,

but
first

it

is

doubtful

if

they have reached their

said
to

development, as the
flowers.

imported plant

is

have produced six

The

individual flowers,
It
is

normal dimensions.

however, have probably reached their certainly a very welcome addition to the

Cattleyas of the labiata group.

GONGORA PORTENTOSA.
This remarkable species has re-appeared, after a long interval, having flowered in the collection of Welbore S. Ellis, Esq., Hazelbourne, Dorking, from plants imported by him
in

1892 from Columbia.

It

was

originally

described by Reichenbach in 1869 (Gard. Chron., 1869, p. 892) from plants which flowered in the establishment of M. Linden, at Brussels, the plants

having been sent by Gustav Wallis in the previous year, from the neighbourhood of Bogota. The sepals are almost light flesh colour, and the petals
densely spotted with minute purplish dots.

The

lip is

bright yellow with a

few purplish dots on the side lobes.

unlike that of any other

Its structure is very

It is

remarkable, and

known

species.

very fleshy, without any basal

horns, but with a pair of reflexed bristles about the middle, and a very

remarkable terminal lobe. There is a very peculiar callus on the front of the column, above the base of the petals. There are two published figures [111. Hurt xviii., t. 92, and Bot. Mag., t. 6284) which well illustrate its remarkable character.

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

DENDROBIUM
advisedly, having seen
it

NESTOR.

in full flower a

day or two before the portrait

taken which was

when
1892,
it
i.

raised in the collection of Charles

Winn, Esq.,
time in
i

Uplands, Selly Hill, Birmingham, and flowered

for the first

was described as Uendrobium x Nestor (O'Brien in Gard. Chi D. Parishii was the seed parent, and D. superbum anosn p. 718).

the pollen parent.

The two

parents are intimately related to each ot

like

and both have the flowers scented

rhubarb, though they differ

in

size

and

stature,

and come from

localities far apart.

The hybrid

is

intermediate in character, and bears flowers of firm texture, three fairly diameter, and of a most brilliant, glossy rose-purple, with a large inches in

deep purple-crimson blotch on either side of the throat. colour may be seen in the illustration, which speaks for

Everything but the

itself.

The
.

original
.

margin " sepals and petals white tinged with rosy-lilac, description says, This is very far from being rosy lilac, like the petals." and front of lip pale
.

the case now, and

we

noticed the discrepancy too late to ask for an explana-

274

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

tion for our present issue,

though we should be glad to know if this is another seedling from the same batch, or if the colour was undeveloped at the first
It
is

time of flowering.

certainly a very

handsome hybrid
habit

of a brilliant

shade of colour, and we should not have expected so good a result from a
cross between such closely allied species.

ment.

The photograph was

kindly sent

The dwarfed by Mr. Winn.

is

an improve-

SOBRALIA SESSILIS AND

Some time ago
species,
I

S.

DECORA.

up the history of these two dwarf which have been very much confused, and as both are in cultivation
had occasion
to look

the following information

may

be acceptable.

S. sessilis, Lindl., flowered

with Messrs. Loddiges, of Hackney, in December, 1840, the plants having

been sent from Demarara by

figured in the following year,

Mr. Schomburgk.
is

It

was described and

first

and

interesting as the

Sobralia which

European gardens. Soon afterwards another species, which had been sent from Guatemala by Mr. Skinner, flowered in the collection of James Bateman, Esq., at Knypersley, and was described as S. decora, Batem. The latter was figured in the Botanical Magazine, in 1851, as S. sessilis, and although the mistake was subsequently pointed out, the erroneous name seems to have survived to the present day. S. Galeottiana,
flowered in
A. Rich., based on a specimen collected
Galeotti, also belongs to

near Oaxaca, South Mexico, by

the

same

species,

although

Lindley

keeps

it

separate,

and adds to it a specimen collected in British Guiana by Schomburgk, which is only another variation of the confusion, for the latter really
sessilis,

belongs to S.

and thus

S.

Galeottiana disappears altogether.

The

true S. sessilis has

now

re-appeared in cultivation, having been received

from British Guiana, by Sir John Kirk, of Wavertree, Sevenoaks, who

presented

has rosy flowers, and the sheaths of the leaves are covered with numerous blackish purple
it

to

Kew, where

it

has recently flowered.

It

hairs.

plant recently imported from Brazil, by Messrs. F. Sander

and

Co., St. Albans, probably belongs to the

same

species.
lip,

S. decora

has nearly

white sepals and petals with a

the leaves are nearly smooth.

little

pink on the

while the sheaths of

in

Notwithstanding the way

the

which they have

in

been confused they are really very distinct when seen side by side
living state.

The

following

is

amended synonymy
{,

of the

two species :
\

S. sessilis, Lindl. Bot. Reg., xxvii. Misc., p. Galeottiana, Lindl. Fol. Orch..
S. decora,

t.

17

Lindl. Fol. Orch., Sobral.,

part (not of A. Rich.).

;

Batem. Orch. Mex.

I.

Xen. Orch.,
1

p. 77,

t.

30,

fig. 2 :.
).

S. Galeottiana 1,
7,

Lindl. Fol. Orch., Sobral., p. 7 A. Rich., in Ann. Sc. Nat, ser.

/
i

3,

Lindl. Fol. Ot

part.

sessilis,

Hook. Bot.

Mag,

t.

4570 mc

ndl.).

R. A. Rolff

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

SOBRALIA XANTHOLEUCA, WIGAN'S VARIETY.
A
very charming variety of Sobralia xantholeuca which has flowered
the collection of Sir Frederick the above name.

Wigan, Clare Lawn, East Sheen, has receh

flower sent by Mr.

W.

H. Young, who has charge

the Orchids, shows the sepals and petals to be of a nearly creamy

wh

shade with a

little

suffusion of pale primrose, though

when young they

is

very slightly flushed with light blush pink.

The

throat of the lip

first

brig
lig

canary yellow, and the front lobe creamy white, at

pink blush, but afterwards with light yellow.
distinct in the

suffused with

The

light blush tint is

mc

young

flower.

In every other respect the plant agrees wi

typical S. xantholeuca.

We

have seen a similar form from the collection

Timperley,
Cheshire.
It
is

the late
variety.

G. Hardy,

Esq.,

very beautii

THE HYBRIDIST.
CYPRIPEDIUM X EXCELLEXS.

AT

the meeting of the Royal Horticultural Society, held on August 14th last, an Award of Merit was given to a superb hybrid from the collection

Stand Hall, Whitefield, Manchester, which had of Rothschildianum % and C. X Harrisianum 1. It was been obtained from That name, however, belongs the name of C. x excelsior. exhibited under between C. Druryi $ and C. Spicerianum f, from the collection to a hybrid and we therefore propose the name C. x excellens for the of M. Jules Hye,

Thomas

Statter, Esq.,

Mr. Statter has kindly forwarded the flower, which is superb. present one. sepal is exactly ovate, two and a quarter inches broad, light The dorsal closely striped with twenty-seven deep purple-brown lines. greenish yellow,

downwards, and are four inches long by three-quarters The petals arch beautifully ciliate, and densely spotted along the nerves, of an inch broad, same as in the dorsal sepal. The lip is two and fivecolours being the
the

three-quarters of an inch broad, and, as well as the eicrht inches long, by staminode, of a reddish purple shade. It is as fine as obovate pubescent
C.

x Morganias, but more

richly coloured,

and

is

certainly a magnificent

thing.

Cattle ya x Atlanta.

particularly interesting hybrid

was

exhibited by Messrs.

James Yeitch

meeting of the Royal Horticultural Society on August 14th and Sons at the Its parents are Cattleya Leopoldi $ and C. last, under the above name. striking general resemblance to Laelio-cattleya x Warscewiczii $. It bore a
elegans, except
pollen parent.
5

front lobe of the lip

had the

brilliant colour of the

shows

single flower, and received no award, but this It bore only a parents bear numerous flowers, which Both merit.
its

27 6

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

is

only proves that the seedling

fident that
it

not nearly fully developed, and

we

are con-

will develop into a magnificent thing.

The resemblance

to the

due to the influence of Cattleya Leopoldi in each, and plant just named is replaces Laelia purpurata in the novelty, we can as Cattleya Warscewiczii
easily imagine

what

it

may

develop into.

Cypripedium X Denisianum.

A handsome
selligerum.

hybrid raised from Cypripedium

three flowers,

superbiens and

C.

The raceme bears

shape, but having the petals flushed

much resembling the latter in with rosy-purple, and much spotted

with a darker shade, owing to the influence of C. superbiens. It can best be compared withC. X Youngianum, and its difference may be attributed to
the influence of C. barbatum, which
age.

comes from

its

C.

x selligerum parent-

The

dorsal sepal

is

striped with purple on a light ground, and the

in C.

petals

more spreading than

x Youngianum.
Internationale,

plant

was exhibited by
at

Messrs. Linden,

L' Horticulture

Brussels,

the

Royal

Horticultural Society's meeting on August 14th last.

L^ELIO-CATTLEYA
A
good flower of
this

INGRAMI.

handsome hybrid from the collection of E. Ashworth, Esq., Harefield Hall, YVilmslow, shows what a fine thing it is. As will be remembered, it is a seedling from Lselia pumila Dayana % and Cattleya Dowiana aurea $, which flowered in the collection of C. Ingram, Esq., Elstead House, Godalming, and received a First-class Certificate from
the Royal Horticultural Society on August, 1892.
exhibited on

Since then

it

has been

more than one occasion. It is most like the Laslia parent, though the flower is much improved in size, and the lip very richly coloured. The plant improves in strength, and this year has borne two flowers on the
spike.
It is certainly

a very beautiful hybrid.

NEUWIEDIA
The
species
Orch.,

GRIFFITHII.
Europe
of the

flowering for the

first

time

in

remarkable Neuwiedia

Lindleyi was recorded at page 70 of the present volume, and

is
ii.

now
in

a second
f.

flowering in the
p.
It

Kew
of

collection.

It is

N.

Griffithii

(Rchb.

Xen..

215), a native
is

jungle.

Malacca and Perak, growing dwarfer than N. Lindleyi, being little over a

dense old

foot high, the

spikes from three or four inches long, and the flowers pure white, instead of yellow, and but little over a quarter of an inch long. It presents the same

remarkable structure as the one previously described, and

interesting as the

is

particularly

most primitive Orchid known.

R. A. Rolfe.

THE ORCHID REVIEW,

277

CULTURE OF BOLLEAS AND PESCATOREAS.

Since the notes on the above subject appeared, at page 14, we have had the pleasure of seeing several of these handsome Orchids in flower, and

noting the conditions under which they are grown, hence the following

supplementary notes
Bollea

may

be

acceptable.
S.

We
it

have several times seen

Patini exhibited

by Messrs. B.

Williams and Son, of Upper

rather disproved the theory
are

Holloway, and at Manchester remarked that

that these plants are difficult to grow.

They

grown

in a

warm, moist,

and well-shaded propagating house, with a temperature of about So' in summer and 70 in winter. The aspect is south, but this is rather a disadvantage than otherwise.

Here

are Bollea

Patini, B.

Lalindei,

and Pescatorea Dayana, which

form part of an importation received many years ago from Patin. They grow steadily, and from time to time pieces are taken off and sold, which fact only confirms what was previously stated, that they can be grown under
proper treatment.

Paphinias are grown in the same house, also Phaius

F. Sander and Co., St.

Humblotii, the rare Pachystoma Thompsoniana, Cypripedium Cbamberlainianum, and various other Orchids.
Messrs.

Albans, also find that heat, shade and moisture are the secrets of success.

They grow them

and the beautiful

warm, very moist house, with specimens of Pescatorea Lehmanni,

in a

a north-west aspect,
P.

Klabochorum, and

P. K. excellens, exhibited at recent meetings of the Royal Horticultural

Society are sufficient proof of what the plants are capable of under such Now that their treatment is better understood, we certainly
jet

with them more frequently

in

collections

where suitable

CYCNOCHES LODDIGESII
verv interesting to record that female flowers of this remarkable It Orchid have appeared in the collection of H. J. Elwes, Esq., J. P., ColesAndoversford, Gloucestershire, in July last, under the charge of Mr. borne,
is

J.

H. Lane.

They

are remarkably different from the male flowers in their

very short and

stout column, with well developed

wings on either side

the stigma, and in the absence of the pollinia. The sepals and petals of light olive-green, the latter having some purple-brown on the disc, are

almost like porcelain, very lightly marbled with purple, becoming yellowish as the flower becomes old. This is the but ultimately
while the
lip is

form which, before the so-called freak

C. cucullatum,
full

particulars of

became known, received the name of which are given at page 165 of our last

volume.

The

of the female flowers after the lapse of fully reappearance

is

half a century

extremely interesting.

27 8

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

NURSERY NOTES.
In looking through the houses of Messrs. B. S. Williams and
Victoria and Paradise Nurseries,

Son,

Upper Holloway, a short time

ago,

we

observed a number of fine Orchids in flower, though the principal ones were Cypripedium X oeanthum superbum was flowering in over for the season.
quantity, showing

what a

fine

thing

it is.

C. X vexillarium, C. X selligerum

majus, good plants of C. x superciliare and C. superbiens, the singular C.

tonsum, and others were out, C. Charlesworthii being

in

bud.

fine

O. ampliatum majus, O. pulvinatum, and O. macranthum, together with several Odontoglossums, as O. hastilabium, a good light form of O. ramosissimum, the

Oncidium crispum was

in flower, the

rare

0. anthocrene,

yellow O. Schlieperianum flavidum, and various others, while a good plant of O. Wallisii, had six spikes in bud. Several plants of the charming Cochlioda
Ncetzliana attracted
distinct

attention;

also

the

pretty

Laslia

monophylla, the

Broughtonia sanguinea, Cattleya Warscewiczii, Disa x Veitchii,

Trichopilia Galeottiana, and the pretty blue Saccolabium coeleste, while the
list

could be very

much

extended.

We

saw a

fine

pod of Cattleya Dowiana

to

aurea crossed with C. Warscewiczii, so that

we may expect

see the

parentage of C. x Hardyana proved in several collections in due time.

ONCIDIUM AMPLIATUM MAJUS.

A
magnificent specimen of this fine Orchid has flowered in the collection
of Wilfrid Marshall, Esq.,

Norton Manor, Taunton.

from
five to

It

produced

in

May

and June

last thirty-two spikes,

nearly six feet high, and an

aggregate of about six thousand flowers.

as the splendid

It is

from the same importation

mass exhibited by Messrs. F. Sander and Co., St. Albans, at the last Temple Show, and was even larger when purchased, as part of it had to be removed in order to get it into the largest sized pot on the place.

figure,

reproduced from a photograph, appears

last.

in the

'

for

August nth

ORCHID PORTRAITS.
Cypripedium
i

Garden July 28,

>

r >.

85, with
t.

fig.

Dexdrobium Dendrobium

Rolfe.- -But. Mai;\

::,

737 1 *

AK.

Linde KIM, Hovt.Lindau

fig. 14.

Disa x Veitc

Grammatoph^
J

i.~Gan Ckn vm Me
1.

,.,Jul: f 28, p. 93,

of

Hort.,

August

fig-

19.


THE ORCHID REVIEW.
279

Lycaste x schcenbruxnexsis. Gard. Chron., August 4, p. 11S, fig. 18. Maxillaria mirabilis, Cogn. Lindcnia, t. 417. Miltonia x Bleui splendens. The Garden, August 4, p. 105, t. 973.

Neuwiedia Lixdleyi, Rolfe.Bot. Mag., t. 7368. Odoxtoglossum crixitum sapphikatum. Joitm.

of Hort.,

August
L.

16,

p. 147, ng. 22.

Odoxtoglossum crispum,
Lindenia,
t.

Lindl.,

var.

Dallemagxe.e,

Lind.

420.
p. yy, fig. 12.

Odoxtoglossum ramosissimum.Journ. of Hort., July 26, Oxcidium ampliatum majus. Card. Mag., August ir, pp.
fig-

475, 476, with

Phaius Saxderiaxus, Ralli's variety. Gard. Mag., July

28, pp. 442,

CALENDAR OF OPERATIONS FOR SEPTEMBER.

By H. A. Burberry, Highbury, Moor Green, Birmingham.

departments should now be reduced by a few Let the thermometer in the East Indian house during bright sunny degrees. in dull weather between 70 to 75 will to 85 weather range between 75 The temperature for about 70, and morning, about 65 at night, suffice

The

temperature

in

all

Cattleya, and Mexican houses should be 70 the Intermediate,

to 75 with
6o.

sun* without sun, 65

to 70

night, about 65

and morning, about

Of course the thermometer

will often indicate a higher figure

when exposed

sun, but it will do no harm; on the contrary, pure to the influence of the to be courted, and is most beneficial when properly sun-heat is at all times

by the admittance of fresh tempered

the plants to

air.

and sunshine by shading only when it Expose prevent scorching, and pay strict attention to the is quite necessary to light and air are indispensable in order to well matter of ventilation. Both pseudobulbs. Twice a day will now be often enough ripen the newly grown operation of damping down if done thoroughly. to perform the for the cool house must still be kept as low as possible, The temperature

more

light

both night and day.

air,

These plants particularly enjoy the cool,

dewy night

must not on any account be excluded. which

growth, should be repotted,
ches high.
if

Plants of Odontoglo

crispun

flowered, and are again pushing

new
after

necessary,

when

the

new growth

is

from

The

old

abou

compost generally becomes exhausted urb these or, indeed, any other
is

Orchids by repotting

when the new growth

far

advanced, and

2 8o

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

autumnal season.
air
;

especially at this

Damp down

three times a day; give

and here also shade only when necessary, for if too heavily shaded at this season cool Orchids become drawn and weakly and the foliage unable to support its own weight, a condition of things which
an abundance of

must be avoided.
It

has again become advisable to have recourse and

to

fire-heat

in

the

intermediate
there

warm houses

during the night in

fact, for the

latter

has been but few nights this

summer when

it

has been safe to

warmth altogether, as the weather has been somewhat unseasonable. The nights are now getting chilly, and it is better to have sufficient warmth in the hot-water pipes, to admit of ventilation,
dispense with artificial
rather than to have the "ventilators tightly closed without such warmth.

The

first

conditions are favourable to a pure and healthy growth, while

its

the latter conditions are favourable only to disease in one or another of

many

forms.

Although the thermometer may not

fall

below a given point,

yet the atmosphere becomes too heavily charged with moisture,

which

is

stagnant and unwholesome, not resembling in the least the natural conditions

under which they grow.

therefore

advise, in

order that the

little

proper ripening process

be

may

proceed uninterruptedly, that a

it

warmth

now
It

kept in the pipes each night, even though

be but for a few hours,

and

in dull, cold

weather during the day

it

also.

frequently happens that

is

very late in the season before some

is

Orchids commence to form their annual growth, and this

noticeable

particularly

among

the

free

labiata section, such, for

and early summer-flowering Cattleyas of the instance, as Cattleya Mossiae, C. Mendelii, and

sometimes C. Trianse. Some of these species may have flowered regularly and well for several years in succession, and getting a little later each year,

may now

only just be pushing forth their

at, if

need not be wondered

This state of affairs we take into consideration the drawbacks the

breaks.

new
I

plants have under artificial treatment.

gradually get so late that they have set

have sometimes noticed plants themselves right again by skipping

a season, and although making roots plentifully will

and by

this

means take a complete

rest,

and are

make no pseudobulbs, enabled to commence

are set right again

growing early the following spring.

for several years.

In this

way they

at this late

Sometimes, however, they are tempted to make a start date, and where such is the case they must be placed at the

warmest part of the house, and given every encouragement to grow. This lateness of growth should be avoided as much as possible, which depends
largely

upon the cultivation and attention the plants receive

at their various

winter they are liable to become weakened, although at the time the fact is not perceptible. Houses giving the greatest amount of light are preferable. The same method should be adopted and practised on those plants that are

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

late to

281

break as on those that are

in

an exhausted condition.

Pinch

off

the

flower buds as early as possible, and thus prevent them from flowering for a season, and it is almost sure to have the desired effect.

Newly imported Cattleyas, Laslias, and Dendrobiums, as I have before remarked, grow freely enough for a few years, feeding, as it were, upon their home-made stamina, and it is when this is spent that it is seen whether the right or wrong system of Orchid growing is being followed. Among the Dendrobiums that are now bringing their new growths to
maturity, and will require to be taken to a cooler house to further ripen,
will be

found the following

: D.

crassinode, D. Findlayanum, D. aureum,

D. Linawianum, D. nobile, D. crystallinum, D. Boxallii, D. tortile, D. x Leechianum, D. x Ainsworthii, and D. x Dominianum. The last three
are perhaps the best

known among garden

hybrids, but there are a host

of other beautiful hybrids in cultivation, for the proper treatment of

which

due regard must be had to their parentage, the hybrids requiring exactly the same treatment as the parents. The above-named sorts when at rest
during winter delight in a temperature of about 50 in mild weather and 45 in very cold weather. There are also finishing up about this time D.
thyrsiflorum, D. densiflorum, D. Farmeri, D. Dalhousianum, D. fimbriatum,

D. chrysotoxum, and D. suavissimum,

kinds must

all of

which are evergreen, and these

it

now

also be taken to a cooler house, but

should be noted that

they will not stand quite so

a

much

bright sunshine now, nor quite such

varieties.

low temperature during the winter as the foregoing

The

temperature of the Cattleya house suits them well.

Dendrobium Wardianums will also now be fit to remove, and this species is one that will stand more cold when at rest than any of the other warm-growing sorts, and is the better for a temperature of 40 to
Most
of the

45

in cold

weather and

until the

end of February.
it

may

be had in bloom in January, but

is

True D. Wardianum a bad plan to force them thus,

not allowed to flower until
-

and the plants quickly deteriorate, whereas, if It is the middle or end of March, they would remain strong and healthy. quite natural for the new growth to push quickly from the base; they seldom remain quite dormant for long; but such growths make but little
progress during the winter, only becoming thick and sturdy, and evidently enjoy the cold at the proper season. The flower buds also soon begin to
swell,

and

this they

do slowly, but surely,

in the cold

dry atmosphere, and

is

quickly expand in March,

when

little

extra

warmth

applied.

Owing,

however, to the

new growths and

flower buds showing so early, the plants

thought to want more heat to hasten them along, and they are straightare taken to a hot and moist-growing temperature, hence the reason of way beautiful Dendrobium being too often seen badly flowered and in a this

There are also others now finishing their pseudodilapidated condition. of their coming from a hotter region are best if bulbs, but on account

282

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

in the

always allowed to remain

warmest house. Amongst these will be found D. formosum giganteum, D. Parishii, D. stratiotes, D. superbiens, D. macrophyllum, D. Maccarthise, D. Lowii, D. Dearei, D. bigibbum, D. Bensonii, D. albosanguineum, D. aggregatum, and D. Phalsenopsis, and it is fatal to these species if allowed to get too cold even when quite dry and

dormant.

The volume

of water given to

such Orchids as Saccolabiums, Aerides,

Angraecums, Vandas, and Phalsenopses

may now

be slightly reduced.

They
is

have now partially finished their season's growth, which requires to be

hardened

off to

a certain extent, but

let it

be borne in mind that

it

quite

easy to permanently injure this class of Orchids by over-exposure to sunshine, or

by sudden or excessive drought at the root.

They must
dry,

never,

not even in the shortest days, be allowed to

become dust

and never on

any account be subjected to such rigorous treatment as advised for other Orchids having pseudobulbs. All that is required is to simply give less water at the roots, a less moist atmosphere, and keep on a gentle
circulation of fresh air

whenever
are

possible.

The deciduous Calanthes

application
of

now pushing up

flower spikes, and the

liquid

manure (cow or sheep's dung) may be continued.

Anguloas are strengthened by
its

Ccelogyne cristata will also be greatly assisted by occasional waterings

with the same manure.
are
Sobralias,
use, as also
latter,

Cymbidiums, Thunias,
still

and

Pleiones.

The two

although apparently finished, must

Plants of Chysis

be kept just moist at the root.

their

may

pseudobulb and rested in

when they have finished intermediate temperature. They bloom

be removed

new

in spring.

Cycnoches must also be removed from the heat after flowering, and well rested under the same conditions. Cryptopodiums must be rested near to the glass and kept very dry to ensure free flowering. I think a dry position in the warm house is preferable. Eulophias grow best if allowed to remain
in the

Zygopetalums are best allowed to remain in intermediate temperature, both when growing and when at rest. After flowering they enjoy a short rest, but must not be allowed to get very dry. They grow best in a compost of rather more
kept dry after flowering.

warm house and

body than
silver

is

usual for most Orchids

a liberal addition of fibrous loam

;

and

sand should be mixed with the peat and sphagnum moss proper season to repot is directly they push new growth.

and the

Stanhopeas, after flowering, enjoy a good rest in intermediate temperature, and should be re-basketed in spring. Schomburgkias grow well with
the Mexican Orchids, although they are sometimes

grown

in the

warmest

house and rested

flowers well until

in

the

Mexican house.
R. coccinea
is

Renantheras require similar

of a rambling habit,
full

treatment to Saccolabiums.
it

and rarely
Lcelia

has grown high up to the roof in

sunlight.
in

monophylla

is

just

coming

into flower,

and

is

best

grown

small pans or

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

baskets,

^5

Odontoglossum house, and never allowed to become very dry. Galeandra nivalis grows best in warmth, and rested in the Cattleya house. G. Devoniana grows best in the last-named house they flower as soon as growth is completed, after which they must be
in

suspended

the

rested by withholding water.

and grows best in the Cattleya house, kept comparatively dry only when resting. D. speciosum does well with the Mexican Orchids, but should be rested in a cool, dry
is

Dendrobium cymbidioides

a pretty

little

thing,

greenhouse.
it

It is

blooms

freely.
is

necessary to produce pseudobulbs of a large size before Comparettias grow best suspended in the Cattleya house.
kills

Yellow thrip

troublesome to them, and soon

them

if

not prevented,

Camarotis purpurea require similar treatment

to the

warm

Aerides.

Cattleya

maxima

is

better for a

somewhat shady
;

position.

Ada aurantiaca grows

best in the intermediate house

the temperature of the cool house causes

Acinetas should be grown in

spikes

baskets without crocks, as

the

flower

come through the bottom of the baskets. They are showy Orchids, but the bulbs must be a large size before they flower. They should be well
rested during winter, for
if

kept too moist

they are susceptible to black

spot

they are best suited when occupying a

warm

part of the Cattleya

in the

warmest house. Brassias are a family of warm intermediate Orchids, and require the same treatment as Oncidiums. They are not by any means fashionable, and are not largely grown some few, however, such as B. maculata and B. verrucosa, are worth cultivating. Any of the white Laelia anceps which are not going to bloom, and are in a very bad condition, may be repotted at this season quite safely and with good results the others will be best if
; ;

house.

Broughtonia sanguinea should be grown on a block

left

until spring.

POLYPODIUM FIBRE VERSUS PEAT.

have read with interest the notice on the use of Polypodium fibre for I believe I was potting up Orchids at page 242 of the Orchid Review.
I

the

first

person to induce Mr. Outram, of the firm of Messrs. B. S. Williams

to try
it

and Son,

with Odontoglossums, but at the same time

would

strongly advise any one using the

same

to

experiment with some plants of

small value, as

it

has in

many
when
is

cases proved disastrous to Cattleyas by

breeding fungus and destroying their roots.

to do very well, but
it

Polypodium by

itself

seems
Trevor

is

in juxtaposition
I

with sphagnum that the

Sir
I

mycelium

of

the fungus

produced.

think Mr. White,

I

Lawrence's able grower, will bear

me

out in what

have said.

know

it

extensively tried at Burford, and I do not think it has altogether has been Masdevallias were a dead failure in it, and so were Cyprisucceeded.

28 4

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

I

pediums.
climate.

find

Odontoglossum crispum grows very well

for cool
is

in

it

in this
all

My
to

modus operandi
one-third

Orchids

is

as follows

the rhizome extracted

this

essential

and

We

have

then
it

place

two-thirds

sphagnum

Polypodium

fibre,

and pass
fine,

through a chaffit

cutting machine.
leaves the cutter.

This cuts the mixture up very

I

and we use
it

as

it

know
it

the Continental firms use

also for Cattleyas

I

and

Lselias, but

whether

has any advantage over good peat

have much

doubt.

My

friend,

Dr. Foulis of Edinburgh, on

my

advice, potted all his

it

warm Orchids
and destroyed
the subject

in
all

it,

and with most disastrous

I

results, as

produced fungus
once the fungus
that
I

their roots.

hope he may write you

tried
it.
it.

his experience on

as well as
I

others

who have

When
I

has disappeared, plants seem to do very well in

are doing as well as

may add
it

have

some four thousand imported crispums potted up

could possibly wish.

in

this year,

and they

R.

Brooman White.

Arddarroch, Garelochead, Dumbartonshire.

ORCHIDS AT THE
There was
a very good
at the

ROYAL HORTICULTURAL
SOCIETY.
of Orchids at the Drill Hall,

show

James

Street,

Westminster,

Royal Horticultural Society's meeting on July 24th,

of great merit.
(gr.

and many of the exhibits were

,

The Right Hon. Lord Rothschild, Tring Park

Tring Park variety, but
is

Mr. E.

Hill), sent
first

spikes of
labelled
It

two magnificent forms of Cattleya x Hardyana.

The

was

extremely near the original typical form.

was

a splendid inflorescence of five flowers,

and received both a First-

class Certificate

and a Cultural Commendation.

The

other

was the

variety

laversinensis, a two-flowered inflorescence, with

blooms

of great size, the

lip

sepals and petals beautifully mottled with rose

and white, and the

(gr.

dark

and very richly coloured.

It also

received a First-class Certificate.

T. Statter, Esq., Stand Hall, Whitefield, Manchester

very fine variety, with

Mr. R. Johnson),

exhibited Cattleya granulosa superba, a three-flowered

inflorescence of a
lip,

much white on

the margin of the

which received

an Award of Merit, and Cattleya Warscewiczii regalis.

Major Joicey, Sunningdale Park

a fine plant of

(gr.

Mr. Thorne), showed a plant of

flowers, a Cultural

Cattleya Warscewiczii, with an inflorescence of six magnificent flowers, and

Anguloa Ruckeri with ten

Commendation

being awarded to the latter.

F.

W.

Moore, Esq., Royal Botanic Garden, Dublin, sent flowers of

Bifrenaria tyrianthina, the interesting Bollea Lalindei, the singular Gongora atropurpurea, Bulbophyllum leopardinum, and Dendrobium ciliatum, the
latter receiving a Botanical Certificate.

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

F. seedlings.

285

M. Burton, Esq., Highfield, Gainsborough, sent some Cypripedium

The Hon. Mrs. Foley, Fordingbridge, Hants, exhibited a plant of the very interesting Mormodes aromaticum, with a fine inflorescence of buffyellow flowers spotted with brown.
Hollington, Esq., Forty Hill, Enfield (gr. Mr. Ayling), exhibited J. two hybrid Cypripediums, C. x Hobsoni derived from C. Lawrenceanum % and C. philippinense $, and C. x Millmani, derived from C. callosum $ and

A.

C. philippinense $.

Both are naturally

allied to C.

x selligerum.

G.

W.

Law-Schofield, Esq.,

New

Hall Hey, Rawtenstall, Manchester,

sent Cypripedium Godefroyas leucochilum.

The Right Hon. Lord Llangattock, The Hendre, Monmouth, sent Cypripedium x The Hendre, derived from C. Lawrenceanum $, and a form of C.
x Harrisianum . C. J. Lucas, Esq.,
S. G.
lata,

Warnham

Court,

Horsham

(gr.

Mr. Duncan), sent a

of

spike of Brassia Wrayae, a form of B. maculata.

Lutwyche, Esq., Beckenham, showed a plant

Stanhopea guttu-

with the flowers not fully expanded.

Pantia Ralli, Esq., Ashtead Park,

Epsom

(gr.

Mr. Hunt), showed a good

plant of Anguloa uniflora eburnea with seven flowers.

Wigan, Clare Lawn, East Sheen (gr. Mr. W. H. Young), staged a good plant of Brasso-cattleya X Lindleyana (Laelia x Lindleyana), believed to be a natural hybrid between Brassavola tuberculata and Cattleya intermedia, with which it grows. Reginald Young, Esq., Fringiila, Sefton Park, Liverpool, sent good
Sir F.

flowers

of Cattleya

Eldorado crocata, from the plant illustrated

in the

Reichenbachia.

Messrs.

James Veitch and Sons, Royal Exotic Nursery,

received

as usual, sent

several very fine hybrids, two of which

First-class Certificates.

These were Sobralia X Veitchii, a handsome thing derived from S. xantholeuca $ and S. macrantha $, and Laelio-cattleya X Zephyra, a charming It most form, derived from Cattleya Mendelii % and^Laslia xanthina ?.
resembles the
Laslio-cattleya
latter,

the sepals and petals being light

buff,

the front lobe of

the lip purple-crimson, and the rest yellow, deepest in the throat.

The

fine

shown, and a
Messrs.

x pan

Pallas,
of

which has been previously certificated, was also the pretty Dendrobium glomeratum with about thirty

spikes of flowers.

Sander and Co., St. Albans, staged a fine group of very Lycaste x Schcenbrunnensis and Galeandra lagoensis interesting things. received an Award of Merit, while Pleurothallis Krsenzlinii and each Other Christyanum both secured Botanical Certificates. Catasetum
F.
things were Cycnoches peruvianum with two long racemes of interesting a good plant of Cryptophoranthus Dayanus with twelve male flowers,

286
flowers,

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

the
beautiful

Lehmanni, the rare Odontoglossum GaJeottianum, Catasetum macrocarpum with a spike of thirteen male flowers, Dendrobium O'Brienianum and its variety striatum, the Brazilian form of Oncidium Jonesianum with long and slender leaves, Angrrecum Scottianum, Aerides Sanderianum, Cattleya Rex with three-flowered infloPescatorea
rescence, C. Leopoldi pernambucensis, the fine Cattleya
(C. Mossise

x Prince

of

Wales

Wageneri % x C. intermedia $), the pretty Cypripedium x modestum (C. purpuratum ? X C. X Io ), C. x Youngianum, and others. Messrs. W. L. Lewis and Co., Chase Side, Southgate, staged an excellent group, to which a Silver Banksian Medal was awarded. Habenaria
carnea nivosa, a variety with beautiful white flowers, and Odontoglossum citrosmum sulphureum with light buff-yellow sepals and petals, each
received

an

Award

of

Merit.

Other interesting things were the true

Restrepia antennifera with striped flowers, Bifrenaria vitellina, Zygopetalum Gautieri, Microstylis Seoltii, Laelio-cattleya x Schilleriana, and other
Orchids.
Messrs.

Hugh Low and

Co.,

Upper Clapton,

sent an interesting group,

including four plants of Cypripedium Charlesworthii in flower, Paphinia rugosa, Laelio-cattleya x amanda, a plant of Trichopilia Gallottiana with

twelve flowers, Oncidium Lanceanum, Angrsecum articulatum, &c. Mr. H. A Tracey, Orchid Nursery, Twickenham, received an Award of Merit for a fine form of Cattleya Mendelii called H. A Tracey.

Williams and Son, Upper Holloway, sent Odontoglossum Schlieperianum and its pretty yellow variety flavidum, and the fine Oncidium crispum grandifiorum.
S.

Messrs. B.

The meeting

held on August 14th

was remarkable

for the

number

of

choice and interesting things exhibited, and especially for a splendid group of the new Cypripedium Charlesworthii exhibited by Messrs. Hugh Low and
Co.,

showing a considerable range of variation

Statter,

in

the colour of the dorsal

sepal.

T.

Esq.,

Stand

Hall,

Whitefield,

Manchester

(gr.

Mr.

R.

Johnson), exhibited a very fine group of cut spikes, to which a Silver Banksian Medal was awarded. It contained Cattleya Rex, C. Gaskelliana
alba, C. granulosa, Laelia crispa

and

its

variety superba, the beautiful Lseliovarieties excellens,

cattleya

Oweniana, Bluntii, splendidissima, and prasiata, and a hybrid Cypripedium raised from C. Fairieanum and C. callosum, evidently a form of C. X Juno, and resembling a light-coloured C. x vexillarium. From the same collection

x Amesiana,

L.-c.

x elegans and

came a

plant

of a very
<j>

Rothschildianum

which an Award of M. \\ ells, Esq., Broomfield, Sale, received a First-class Certificate

handsome hybrid Cypripedium raised from C. and C. x Harrisianum called C. x excelsior, to Merit was given.
for

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

Laslio-cattleya

287

x Ingrami

var. broomfieldensis, Its

perhaps the largest and best

form of his hybrid yet seen. pumila var. praestans.

parents are C. Dowiana chrysotoxa and L.

of Merit for a
in

Walter Cobb, Esq., Tunbridge Wells, received an Award

good dark variety of Laslio-cattleya x elegans called Dulcotensis, the front lobe of the lip is very short and broad.

which

Manchester, exhibited cut blooms of Laelia crispa, Odontoglossum crispum and several Cypripediums, together with a plant of the very fine hybrid Cypripedium x W. R. Lee, raised from
C. superbiens % and C. Elliottianum

W.

R.

Lee, Esq., Audenshaw,

to

which an Award

of Merit

was given.

House, Sefton Park, Liverpool, exhibited a Cypripedium called C. x Mabelianum, the recorded parentage being identical with the preceding, though not equal to it in point of merit. R. I. Measures, Esq., Cambridge Lodge, Camberwell (gr. Mr. Chapman),

W.

C. Clarke, Esq., Orleans

Cambridge Lodge variety, C. leucochilum aureum, and C. x tessellatum porphyreum, to each of which an Award of Merit was given. W. C. Walker, Esq., Percy Lodge, Winchmore Hill, exhibited cut spikes of Epidendrum Brassavolaa, E. radiatum, and Stanhopea inodora, each of

sent three good Cypripediums, C. Godefroyae

them receiving

a Botanical Certificate.

W.
H.

M. Appleton, Esq., Weston-super-mare, exhibited two good spikes of

Hollis, Esq., Beechcroft,

Exbaxton

(gr.

Mr. Swain), exhibited a very

exhibited

good form of Cattleya Warscewiczii.

The Grange, Carshalton (gr. Mr. Cummins), Oncidium macranthum Smeeanum, a light yellow form, and a
A. H. Smee, Esq.,

flower of

Stanhopea Bucephalus.
Royal Gardens, Kew, sent a plant of the pretty pink Disa nervosa, a native of Natal, and a group of seven of the fine Disa x

The

Director,

kewensis, marked as having been in flower for six weeks.

Messrs.

Hugh Low and

Co., Clapton, received a Silver Flora Medal for a

splendid group containing sixty plants in flower of the beautiful Cypripedium

Charlesworthii, a plant of Cattleya Rex, Laslio-cattleya x elegans, and two

or three

each of Vanda Sanderiana, the

its

pretty

Saccolabium

coeleste,

Miltonia Roezlii and

variety alba.

Messrs.

James
fine

Veitch

and

Sons,

Chelsea,

staged

Cypripedium

Morganiae langleyensis, the pretty Laelio-cattleya X

x Atlanta, a
Messrs.

and Cattleya hybrid derived from C. Leopoldi % and C. WarsceStella,

F. Sander and Co., St. Albans, staged an interesting group,

comprising several plants of the slender form of Oncidium Jonesianum, the

new Ccelogyne Swaniana, Rolfe, the interesting Galeanda lagoensis, Mormodes pardinum unicolor, Dendrobium Phalasnopsis and D. bigibbum,

288

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

pretty

the

Masdevallia

Physosiphon Umlauftianum, Calanthe Sanderiana, C. veratrifolia, and C. x Laucheana, said to be a hybrid between the two last named, C. veratrifolia being the
seed parent.
It
is

crispum,

Oncidium ornithorrhynchum album, Loddigesii, Cypripedium x Morganise, C x

Stella,

fairly intermediate

in

shape and colour.

pretty
C,

hybrid Cattleya

X Prince

of

was also Wales % and

included, called Mrs.

C.

M. Wells, derived from

Warned

which was described a century ago, species under another name, which must be suppressed. Messrs. W. L. Lewis and Co., Southgate, staged an interesting group, and received a Vote of Thanks. It contained a pan each of Habenaria carnea and its pretty variety nivosa, H. cinnabarina, Anguloa Ruckeri,

The Peruvian Bletia catenulata, received an Award of Merit as a new

$.

Bulbophyllum Lobbii, Oncidiums crispum, Gardnerianum, and micropogon, Cypripedium x Hobsoni, C. x Millmani, and others, Cattleya Gaskelliana and C. X Ashtoniana, which latter received an Award of Merit.
Messrs. Linden, L'Horticulture Internationale, Brussels, exhibited Cypripedium x Denisianum and two strong plants of Laelio-cattleya X elegans, one with a nine-flowered, the other with a seven-flowered raceme.

Messrs. B. S. Williams and Son,

group

containing

the

rare

Upper Holloway, staged an interesting Pachystoma Thomsoniana, Odontoglossum

xanthina agraphis, L. monophylla, Oncidium x litum, the fine Brassia brachiata, Cochlioda vulcanica, Laelio-cattleya X blesensis, Phaius Humblotii, and Cypripedium X Adonis.
Lselia

Kramerianum,

Messrs. Condor and Raphael, Hazelwood, King's Langley, Herts, sent a group of ten healthy and well-flowered Dendrobium formosum giganteum,
to

which a Cultural Commendation was given. Messrs. Heath and Son, Cheltenham, sent a spike moschifera, which received a Botanical Certificate.

of the rare

Arachnanthe

CORRESPONDENCE,
L

&c.
racemes of
Laelia crispa,

Young, Esq., Sefton Park, Liverpool, sends three

fine

each

lobes.
sr

has a short, rather broad front lobe with dark and less crisped than usual. No. 3 is very handsome with the deep purp
2

No.

de-lobes,

and the
lio
<

front lobe large,

-

much

crisped,

and beauti-

ein< d.
.

\
'

L.

H.

4 5 \\ artley.

No.

about
La.-lia

t;

pical

La

Stanhopea inodora.

attleya

elegans.

H.. Laiiforn:a.

Crawshayana has no connection with

L.

X Fim

keniana

.''
'

'
:'

Reg
.
,

-^.

..:.-

f<
ig

Other questions hereafter.

learn that copies of our July number failed to reach their destination, to the burning of a mail car of the California exDress. bv v.;

The Amateur Orchid

Cultivators Guide Book.
By
H. A.

BURBERRY,

F.R.H.S.

THIS

Book

contains sound practical information for Amateurs and

in

beginners

Orchid Culture.
;

In Cloth, price 2 6

post-free, 2 9.

CAN BE OBTAINED FROM THE 'ORCHID REVIEW OFFICE

ETHEL HOUSE,

KING'S HEATH, BIRMINGHAM;

BLAKE & MACKENZIE, School Lane, LIVERPOOL. JUST PUBLISHED.

A

NEW AND MUCH ENLARGED

EDITION OF

The Orchid Growers' Manual,

By BENJAMIN

SAMUEL WILLIAMS,

P.L.S., P.R.H.S.,

B. S.

WILLIAMS & SON,

N.

VICTORIA AND PARADISE NURSERIES,

UPPER HOLLOWAY, LONDON,

TO BUY AN ORCHID.

TO SELL AN ORCHID.

THE ORCHID EXCHANGE,

Of
Fine
late years

there has

been an

increasing necessity

among

Orchidists for

a recognised

medium through which Duplicates

of Seedling,
sold.

New, Rare, and

Varieties of Orchids

may

be either bought or

Acting

under
I

the

advice

and and
for

with

the

support
this

of

many prominent
as
a

Amateurs,

have

instituted

registered

Exchange
LiS

trading

A mate urs
particular

having
or

duplicates
variety to

Disposal
collection

Of

species

their

advantage ous method.

No

plant will be accepted for sale, or sold, without being true to name and description.

GUARANTEED

Silverhall Nursery, Isle worth.

FIRST LIST

NOW

READY, FREE FOR STAMP.

ORCMIDS
iplancheschn et 310 fig. Price: 30 francs. Gl (Belgium) Ad. Hoste, publisher
3

ORCHIDEES.

ORCHIDS
A SPECIALITY.
Messrs.

ORCHIDS!
ORCHIDS!!
ORCHIDS!!!
ESTABLISHED & IMPORTED.
IMPORTATIONS ARE BEING

Charlesworth,

CONSTANTLY RECEIVED.

Shuttleworth&Co.
Heaton,
Have
a large

INSPECTION CORDIALLY INVITED.

BRADFORD,
fine stock of establishec

and

HUGH LOWS Co.,

Upper Clapton,

and imported Orchids.

INSPECTION INVITED.

LONDON.

(V
fame's
Orchid
Protector.

ORCHID PEAT.

& CO., J, Clortiatititrctl iSiulfrcrs

Conway G. Warne, Limited,

WEEKS

WESTON-SUPER-MARE.

Patentees of the Duplex Upright Tabular Boilers.

ORCHID HOUSES
A SPECIALITY.

CATTLEYA HOUSE ERECTED NEAR BRISTOL.

FOR PRACTICE

HORTICULTURAL BUILDINGS

HEATING APPARATUS,
JAMES CRISPIN, F.R.H.S., k SONS, NELSON STREET, BRISTOL.
.rrvNi'.ri of

Mi

JAMES Crlsfix, F.R.H.S.. a

pra

"

extensive collection of Orchids gro wn by Mr.] a menear Bristol, may be inspected at any
. I

The

C R is pi N,

at Fishpond;

Vol.

II.]

OCTOBER.

1S94.

ORCHID REVIEW:
Hn
3Uu6tratcfc flDontblv Journal,

DEVOTED TO ORCHIDOLOGY.

Con
,. Notes Habenaria carnea and its v " The Stand Hail C .Ik-cti

A
203

group of Odontoglossums

3c

Cattleya

x Victoria-Regin

94 Fertilisation of Orchids in the Tropics 205 Cattleya Gaskelliana alba

Novelties

O. x Andersonianum var. (Fig. 30) 3c ... jc O. x A-superbum Fig j] }c O. x Horsmanii (Fig. 32)

Young's variety
Cattleya chocoensis at

}C

Dies Orchidiana? Cattleya Warscewiczii

home

3c

Cypripedium
at

Curtisii

3c 3c

Dendrobium Phalamopsis

Chelten-

Staurnpsis philippintnsis

ham
Odontoglossum Harryanui Cattleya Eldorado
.

300 3 co

Cypripedium x James H. Veitch.&c.

3c
3

>

Parysatis,

&c

...

Orchid Portraits

Nornenclatureof Hybrid Cv pripediums 303 Warscewiczella amazonica

.:

Society

3
.-

:.

ir..

3<H

rr

-^r

^vlence. ice

PRICE ONE SHILLING MONTHLY.

west, xeyvm;

ATTGN GARDEN, LONDON.

NOTICES.
published regularly on t nnual Subscription 12/-, payable in advance.
is

D REVIEW
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communications on interesting subjects (which should

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ide of
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Advertisements, Communications and Books for review, should

Editor of the Orchid Review, Lawn Crescent, Kew.

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Orders should be made payable to should be crossed " & Co.''

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Also

SCALE OF CHASGES FOR ADVERTISEMENTS. d.

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One column

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WEST, NEW MAN

<

54,

11

.
,

on,

EC

MANUAL OF ORCHIDACEOUS PLANTS,

CULTIVATED UNDER GLASS
IN

GREAT BRITAIN.

Part I. ODONTOGLOSSUM. Price, 7 s. Cd. by post, 7 s. Part II. CATTLEYA and LjELIA. Price, 10s. 6d. by p Part IIIDENDROBIUM. Price, 10s. 6d. by post, 10s. Part IV.CYPRIPEDIUM. Price, 10s. 6d. by post, 10s. Part V. MASDEVALLIA and allied genera. Price, 7 s. 6c Part VI. CG3LQGYNE, EPIDENDRUM, &c. Price, 10s. PHAL^NOPSIS, AERIDES, VANDA, &c. Pr IUM and MILTON I A. Pria Part IX. CYMBIDIUM, ZYGOPETALUM, LY
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THE ORCHID
NOTES.
Two

REVIEW.

meetings of the Royal Horticultural Society will be held Hall, James Street, Westminster, during October, on the

at

the Drill

respectively,

when

the Orchid

Committee

9 th and 23rd, will meet at the usual hour of ia

the former date a lecture will be given at 3 p.m., by Mr. Woodhall, entitled " How to Popularise Orchid Growing."
'

On

The

sale
is

of the

remaining portion of the

to

collection

announced

Mr. George Hardy's take place on October 16th, and following days.
late
is

flowering in the collection of R I Measures, Esq., Cambridge Lodge, Camberwell, bearing a raceme of five flowers. It is a newly-imported plant, and this may account
for its

plant of Cattleya Trianae

now

bloom-

plant of Cypripedium Fairieanum, -over three feet across," is men1 tioned in the Gardeners Chronicle for August 25th last (p. 221), as havinbeen cultivated at Kew during the time the late Mr. Gower was there. But can any one confirm the report ?

magnificent form of Cattleya Dowiana aurea has just flowered in the collection of Hamar Bass, Esq., Byrkley, Burton-on-Trent, of which we have received a flower from Mr. Hamilton. The lip is very richly coloured, being almost blackish crimson, veined with deep yellow, and the sepals and petals uniformly bright yellow, the latter being two and a quarter inches broad.
19

29 o

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

A
curious inflorescence of

Dendrobium X Ainsworthii has appeared in the establishment of Messrs. F. Sander and Co., St. Albans a sort of young growth and raceme combined. After producing a few leaves the young growth suddenly terminated in two flowers at the apex, the sepals and petals being elongated and narrow, and the lip also longer and narrower than
usual, the colour, however, being unaltered.

Professor A. Franchet in a recent

number

of the Journal de Botanique

has described six

new

species of Cypripedium from China, four belonging to

the section Foliosse, and two to Diphyllse, the two latter, with C. margari-

taceum, forming a curious

bract below the
flower.

little

group, characterised by the absence of a

oversight
C.

By an

Henryi (Rolfe) has been

redescribed as C. chinense.

The Journal
that the

of Botany, in discussing the indexing of periodicals,

remarks

Orchid Review
would
like to

gives an excellent index of species and subjects,

extending over seven pages, but entirely omits the names of contributors,

which

it

have seen included.

Cypripedium Charlesworthii has been sent by O. OIt is one of five flowers open, all on Wrigley, Esq., Bridge Hall, Bury. different plants, and well illustrates the beauty of the species, which has
fine flower

of

now

flowered in

many

other collections.

HABENARIA CARNEA AND

The
beautiful

ITS

VARIETY NIVOSA.

Habenaria carnea which appeared as a new plant such a few years ago, and to which a First-class Certificate has been awarded by
the Royal Horticultural Society, has

now become

quite
It

common, and has

to be a plant
is

been flowering in quantity

of very easy culture,

in

various collections.

seems
in

and when grown several together

its

pots or pans

extremely effective, on account of

pink flowers.

dwarf habit and large delicate

flesh-

The

leaves are also very beautiful, being spotted with white

on a ground colour of an almost indescribable shade of grey suffused with pinkish brown. A variety with white flowers has now made its appearance,

and

this too

is

in

several collections.

Messrs.
for
it

W.

L. Lewis and Co., of

Southgate, received an Award of Merit

Horticultural Society on Jul}- 24th
first

at a

meeting
to

of the

Royal
its

last,

and

this

seems

have been

Besides the differently coloured flowers, the leaves are also green and unspotted. It appears to be as easily grown and floriferous
as the type.
militaris,

appearance.

They are charming companions to which is now flowering freely in various

the beautiful Habenaria

collections.

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

2gi

THE STAND HALL COLLECTION.

For
a

number

of years past

celebrated for

its

Orchids.

Stand Hall, Whitefield, Manchester, has been The rich collection brought together by the late
;

Thomas
filled

Statter, Esq.,
is

was

sold at his death

but his son,

who

bears the

same name,

determined to uphold the tradition, and the houses are again

with a large number of choice things, so that the collection, which still remains under the care of the old chef, Mr. Robert Johnson, bids fair to rival its former magnificence. The Cattleya group and Cypripediums are

though many Dendrobiums and various cool Orchids are also cultivated, Odontoglossums naturally taking the lead
evidently
first

favourites,

among

the latter.

Some time ago we had

the pleasure of going through this

will

fine collection,

and the following notes

allies

doubtless prove

interesting

to our readers.

The Cattleyas and

and well-cultivated
lot

may

be mentioned

first,

and a particularly

fine

they are.

One

or two peculiarities about the house

be noted in passing, as they probably exert an influence on the wellbeing of the plants, and may be of service to others. Very little top air

may

admitted at any time, but the bottom ventilators are almost always open. The larger plants are grown on stone benches, in which a number of
is

Underneath are water tanks and the hot-water pipes, so that the air which is continually coming in becomes warm and moist before reaching the plants. This end may of course be attained by other means, but in conjunction with proper attention in the matter of
circular

holes are cut.

potting and watering cannot

fail

to

yield

successful

results, as

in

the

In addition to a good collection of the usual

commoner

species

may

be

mentioned many choice varieties and hybrids, as the rare Cattleya superba alba, a beautiful white form of C. Warscewiczii, the natural hybrid C. x
form of C. Leopoldi, the splendid Cattleya Dowiana Statteriana, and C. x Hardyana Statteriana, a marvellous form of that

Brymeriana, a

fine

fine natural hybrid

with white sepals and petals, which

is

probably unique.

fine

batch of ten plants of Cattleya Rex were

in sheath,

and have since

was recorded at p. apparently rather rash experiment was made with a Minucia, which we should hesitate to repeat, in spite
flowered in brilliant fashion, as

272.

curious and

plant of Cattleya
of

attended

it.

There were

five

pseudobulbs on the plant,

x the success which and each one was

Every one, however, produced a back growth, though some were very small at first, and now there are five plants instead of one, which says much for the constitution of the plant,
which,
it

separated by cutting through the rhizome.

may

be remembered,

is

a hybrid between C. Loddigesii and C.

Warscewiczii

$.

splendid plant of Lselia tenebrosa with thirty pseudobulbs

was pushing

292

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

Commendation from the
forms of Lselia purpu-

nine sheaths, and this has since received a Cultural

Royal Horticultural Society.

rata

Among

the

many

fine

was the

beautiful L. p. Russelliana, other species being of course welt

represented.

Among

the Laelio-cattleyas were

many

interesting plants, as

the splendid L.-c. callistoglossa, L.-c. x Nysa, L.-c. x exoniensis, L.-c. X

Hippolyta and x Phcebe, L.-c. x eximia, a splendid L.-c. Amesiana with thirty bulbs, and various others which might be enumerated, including a fine
series of Laelio-cattleya

X elegans.
extensively, and in this particular
for

Hybridisation

is

carried on rather

group we observed
C.

many promising
t,

crosses,

example, Laelio-cattleya
f*

elegans % x L.-c. x Nysa

Laelia tenebrosa $

X Cattleya Warscewiczii

Warscewiczii x C. Rex, and the reverse cross, C. Dowiana aurea ? x L. purpurata , L. pumila Dayana ? x Cattleya Dowiana aurea , of which
there are nice plants two years old, and various other interesting combinations. Mr. Statter has the pollen of many fine species sealed up in quills

and carefully
different

labelled,

so

as to be able to cross species

in

which flower
it

at

seasons of the year, and

connection with this

would be

know how long pollen may be kept before losing its vitality. The most remarkable cross we noticed was Epidendrum x O'Brienianum fertilised with the poilen of Dendrobium crystallinum Statterianum, and of
interesting to

were myriads of young seedlings germinating, though the seed was only sown in February. The cross was carefully made, and it will be
this there

curious to observe the result

when

the seedlings reach the flowering stage.

of plants in the

The Cypripediums are health, a large number of

a fine

lot hundreds

most robust

seedlings being included,

some representing new

crosses, while others have already flowered in other establishments.

The

most remarkable of all was one said to have been raised from Selenipedium X Sedeni crossed with the pollen of Cypripedium Stonei, of which scapes were pushing up. The plant bore much resemblance to the pollen parent,
though no trace of the other could be detected, which seems quite inexplicable,
if

the records are correct.

Among

interesting crosses

may

be mentioned

C. Rothschildianum ? x Lawrenceanum C. bellatulum $ x Rothschildianum $, C. Elliottianum $ x Spicerianum $, and many others, some of the young plants being well advanced. C. callosum x Fairieanum and the
reverse cross were germinating, the circumstances being particularly interesting. Of crosses which have already flowered elsewhere may be mentioned
C.

Lawrenceanum x

Curtisii,

and

C.

bud, C. Lowii

x Boxalii,

in

flower,

niveum x Lawrenceanum, both in and C. philippinense x venustum.

The

reversed cross of C. x Morganiae

may

also be mentioned,

though

it

is

not likely to differ

plants

much from

the original.

Among

particularly interesting

Cypripedium x Paris, C. x southgatense superbum, C. x Evenor, C. x Aylingii, C. x Statterianum, and a plant of the rare and beautiful Selenipedium x Saundersianum. The species and a

may

be

mentioned,

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

host of the
plants are

2 93

commoner hybrids need among them.

to other things,

not be enumerated, though

some

fine

Turning

D. nobile nobilius,

some sturdy plants of Dendrobium Phalsenopsis, D. Wardianum, and D. x splendidissimum grandiflorum

Devonianum. Noteworthy O. x mulus Statterianum and O.
I).

were pointed out, also D. x Rolfese and good

among Odontoglossums were the beautiful triumphans, with many others. A collection
of

of coloured paintings

(some

them by Mr. Macfarlane) revealed other beauties of the collection, a marvellous form of C. Warscewiczii, a large and very handsome form of C. Lueddemanniana, a very dark and somewhat flamed variety of Cattleya labiata, Laslio-cattleya x elegans blenheimensis, and many others, some of which have already been mentioned. The collection is a rich and growing one, as showy varieties and hybrids are continually being added, as well as
imported plants, so that
improve.
in a

few years time

it

will

probably far eclipse

it

its

present excellence, except in the matter of culture, on which

difficult to

would be

CATTLEYA
We
had occasion
to

VICTORIA-REGINA.

allude to this beautiful plant at page 7 of the

when we threw out a suggestion that it might be a natural hybrid between the Pernambuco variety of Cattleya Leopoldi and C. labiata, Having had the opportunity of seeing an in company with which it grows. authentic plant in the collection of W. J. Thompson, Esq., Walton Grange, Stone, Staffordshire, as mentioned at page 245, we have no longer any doubt
present volume,
in the

matter.

leaved, as in

This plant has eight pseudobulbs, two of which are oneC. labiata. and two others two-leaved, as in C. Leopoldi, the

four older ones having lost their leaves.

The

single leaves are erect,

and

much

like

those of C. labiata in shape, and the others, though more like

C. Leopoldi, are also modified in the

applies to their

same direction and Even the habit respective pseudobulbs.

;

a similar
is

remark
hardly

much dwarfed
It
is

and approaches C. labiata rather than the other parent.

of all hybrids

necessary to point out that similar characters are observed in the case

between diphyllous Cattleyas and monophyllous species of

x Victoria-Regina are equally intermediate there need remain no longer any doubt of its being a We should be glad to hear natural hybrid between the two species named.
either that genus or Laelia,

and as the flowers

of C.

of the existence of
it

any other genuine plant,

for

we have been

assured that

is

a myth, and

have again this autumn received flowers of Cattleya

Its rarity will

Leopoldi which was purchased as C. Victoria-Regina.

be easily understood.

now

THE ORCHID REVIEW

NOVELTIES.
Cattleva x Hardyana, var. Countess of Derby. This is the magnificent Cattleya which was exhibited by T. Statter, Esq., Stand Hall,
Whitefield, Manchester, at the meeting of the Royal Horticultural Society

on September nth

last,

as a supposed variety of C. Warscewiczii (gigas),

Certificate

and to which a First-class

was awarded.
it

It

has, however,

several of the unmistakable characters of the natural hybrid between that

species and C. Dowiana, and

in

fact

chiefly differs

from the original

C C

X Hardyana in having creamy-white sepals and petals. It differs from X Hardyana Statteriana in having the whole of the front lobe of the lip of an intense purple-crimson, instead of only half of it, and a corresponding smaller amount of yellow. In the amount of veining derived from C. Dowiana, as well as in the general shape of the flower, it is very similar to the original C. x Hardyana, of which we have now quite a number of
varieties.

The present one is a superb acquisition. Bulbophyllum Leysianum, Burbridge. A very

distinct species, dis-

covered by Mr. F.
ford
at

W.

Burbridge on trees overhanging the river near the

Sinaroup village, North-west Borneo.

The

flowers

are

large,

solitary,

and borne on scapes from

five
is

to

seven inches long,

little

exceeding the leaves.

The

dorsal sepal
of

yellow with purple veins, and

f.,

somewhat resembling that

Hon.
xvii.,

B. Dearei, Rchb.

and the
It is

lateral

sepals

connate, pinkish, and lined with purple at the base.

P.

named

after the

Leys, M.B., late Col. -Surgeon of

fig.

Labuan.Journ.

Hort.

Soc,
the

Proc, pp. 134, 135,

19.

Dendrobium M'Gregorii,
size of

F.

Muell.

&
The

Kranzl. A species

of

section Dendrocoryne, said to have

racemes of three or four flowers of the

sepals and petals are white,
lip

D. bigibbum or D. Phalsenopsis.
line,

the latter with a rose-purple

front lobe yellow with

the side lobes of the

veins.
It is
is

purple, and the

some purplish

not in cultivation, being

its

described from a dried specimen, and nothing Gard. Chron., Sept. 15th, p. 306.

stated as to

habitat.

Dendrobium Mettkeanum, Kranzl. Described

drobium, very near to Diplocaulobium group.
introduced by Messrs.
collector,

as
f.,

a peculiar Den-

D.

nitidissimum,
flowers are

Rchb.
pale

belonging

to
It

the

The
F.

rose-coloured.
St.

was

Sander and

Co., of
p.

Albans, through their

variety which

Micholitz. Gard. Chron., Sept. 15th,

306.

Catasetum macrocarpum Lindeni, O'Brien. A

was

imported by Messrs. Linden, L'Horticulture Internationale, Brussels, with

Catasetum Bungerothii. The inside of the lip is a little darker, and the mouth of the same a little more open than usual.Gard. Chron., Sept.
15th, p. 306.


THE ORCHID REVIEW.
295

NOTES ON THE FERTILISATION OF ORCHIDS

IN
Numerous
Costa Rica

THE
some

TROPICS.

observations respecting the fertilisation of Orchids, both in a

wild and cultivated state, have been recorded, and the following notes from

may

therefore be of
of

interest

The Orchids
air,

my

large collections, although cultivated in the open

all

and therefore exposed to

possible insect and other agencies of

in

fertili-

sation, in

most cases

fail to

produce seed pods, though

a few kinds they

do

it

exceptionally, but always in a

native homes.

much less For example, Cattleya Dowiana

;

degree than in their true

in its native habitat pro-

duces a seed pod almost out of every flower

fifty

here in San Jose

about
in

miles from

its

home

had

last April nearly four

hundred plants

them was humming with bees, they produced not one seed pod, except a few plants which I fertilised
perfect flower, but although the air above
artificially

with pollen of C. Mossise.

in the fertilisation of

Bees play a very insignificant part

I

Orchids here.

keep

in

my

nurseries an apiary averaging a hundred hives of Italian bees,

different kinds of native

together with a few colonies of

stingless bees.

The

hives are placed in long rows alongside an orchard of oranges and

other fruit trees, giving different grades of shade to the large collections of Now although native and foreign Orchids I am cultivating beneath them.
I

am

almost every day

among

the Orchids, and although daily perhaps a

all

million bees are flying straight across the Orchid garden, yet during

have seen scarcely a dozen bees alight on Orchid flowers, and among these few not one touched the pollen-masses, much less carrying them to the stigma. Yet I remember perfectly well that in European
these years
I

stoves
I

it

is

no rare occurrence
it

to

see

bees alighting on Orchid flowers.

I

myself have seen

if

several times, and although

at that

time took
it

little

care to see

fertilisation really

took place,

have

little

doubt that

did.

Most Orchids seem to have each species must in most cases be of a very restricted

its

own

fertilising insect,

which

local occurrence,

and without

which the respective Orchid, even under quite identical climatic conditions, may thrive and flower individually, but without propagating itself. And
explains at once the truly surprising local distribution of the majority this Orchids, and also the yet more surprising fact, that certain species are of

found

in very in

far distant localities.

in

Thus Oncidium Kramerianum

at

Guyaquil

Ecuador, and again

Port

Limon
not

in in

Costa Rica
Peru, &c.
theories

Cypripedium
sufficiently
I

caudatum in That the

proved by the

Chiriqui, Colombia,

and again
are

above

conclusions

mere

is

sterility of

my

cultivated Orchids, in proof of which

may

state the following observations, out of a good

many more which

could

give

296

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

Epidendrum Pseudepidendrum, an
extremely
less

rare

plant,

grows

at

Bugaba,

in Chiriqui,
it

occupying an area of

than two miles diameter,

found a single and unique specimen of it at Potrerillos, some fifteen miles from Bugaba, whose big dimensions and freedom of flowering showed that the climate of Potrerillos was even

and there

fruits regularly.

Once

more congenial
native bees.

to

it

than that

of

Bugaba

but the numerous flowers of

full

that specimen never

became
it

fertilised,

although the locality was

of

And
in

so

is

with the rare Odontoglossum

Krameri, which

grows
fifty

in a very restricted locality in

Chiriqui, and again one

or

hundred and

miles off
I

Costa Rica.
it

The two

three

unique and isolated

from their natural spots were always sterile. Such was also the case with Odontoglossum chiriq uense, Rchb. f., of which I discovered the first and quite isolated specimen ten miles away from its
specimens
found of
far off

very restricted natural habitat.

As
Rica,
it

to
I

which particular insects

fact,

fertilise
it is

the

con imoner Orchids

of Costa

can say very little in

;

much

m ore
I

difficult

matter than

looks

and while
of

doubt not that with time

it

perhaps

many

them, yet

can discover a few or will be a long and weary task, and I am no

almost constantly
personal explora-

longer a young man.

at

My

business obliges

my

nursery establishment,
(quite contrary to
I

me to r emain and on my now rather rare

tions

I feel

my

younger years) a.lways somewhat uncomI

fortable until

can return home, and, therefore,

am

not too anxious to

at

prolong

my
I is

journeys with scientific researches.

At

home

my

nurseries,
;

however,
the fact
as
is

spend

much more time and

England, and

care in such investigations

but

that the surroundings of our capital are as thickly populated

the

average of

remarkabl e wild growing Orchids

are near here nearly as scarce as they are ne; ir

London, and therefore

course

the chance of discovering the certainly very scarce and always local insects,
lat

do the work of

fertilisation in their respective districts, is of

;ry little.
I

trust that sooner or later both

myself and others

will

may

be able to
light

ommunicate some more observations, which

lis

throw further

on

interesting problem.

San Jose de Costa Rica.

Richard Pfau.

CATTLEYA GASKELLIANA ALBA.

This beautiful albino has recently flowered in several collections, and a charming and very fragrant Cattleya it is, as is well illustrated by a flower
sent from the collection of

W. Thompson,

Esq.,

Walton Grange, Stone,

Staffordshire, by Mr. Stevens.

remarked that

it

Reichenbach described it in 18S8, he might be distinguished from the variety albens by its

When

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

297

purity of colour, and the absence of any rosy flush in the flower, the only

cultivation

it

is

doubtful whether so sharp a line can be drawn between

them.
of

Albinos of this Cattleya appear to be rather more

of the labiata group.

common

than

some others

DIES ORCHIDIAN^.
nomenclature.

The

other day

picking

up

my

Lindcnia

observed

Cypripedium X villosum, which

different
this

Gibeziananum, a hybrid between C. venustum and C. Several other long known under another name. I have
think
is

instances could be pointed where the same hybrid has received two or more

names, and

it

quite time

some

effort

was made

to

check

unnecessary multiplication of names. A varietal name could easily be added to indicate any difference from the original type, but in several recent
instances where

new names have been imposed even

this addition

would

have been unnecessary, the plants possessing no appreciable difference from

older hybrids.

The

question
I

seedlings

see

we going everywhere a large number is Where

are
is
it is

Among

the

thousands of

are from identical crosses, and

it

unless great care

is

taken the confusion will become ten times worse than

already, and even now

its

bad enough.

hope the Orchid Review

will

exert

influence in checking this unnecessary increase of synonyms.

discussion has recently taken place as to whether Cattleya Trianae or A The is the correct spelling, both methods finding advocates. Trianai
of termination in latinising.

no change

The nominative
as

singular

is

Triana,

and the "a'" must be changed becomes Cattleya Triana. Strangely enough one writer 011 the Cattleya " Not all the customs of the English can make Trianaei question says, But why saddle the English with the error ? It was Reichenbach correct."
though there are some who still follow the error. who the Orchid Review has never adopted the erroneous method. way,
originated
it,

into "

" in the genitive thus Triana's

By

the

And now
which some
ends

am on

the subject

may mention

that there

is

one mistake
is,

of our Continental friends almost invariably

make, and that

single "i" in the genitive, whether the nominative in uniformly using a " us " or " ius." It is correct for all names which are latinised by in

29 3

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

s

the addition of "

h ch becomes "
<f

" in the genitn

incorrect for thos: ;'Ji ; in I

which in the gen "ii" ThiK T nn :inised Lowius, which becomes Lowiiin the genitive, et the Belgians habitually spell the word Lowi, which is just as incorrect s Skinnerii would be for a word which is latinised by the addition of " us."
ius,"

have no intention of writing a disquisition on Latin, but now that the uestion has turned up it is just as well to allude to it, because there seems

The Royal Horticultural Society have

" Exhibitors showing,
be required to furnish the

a rule which sets forth

that

for the first time, a plant

under a Latin name, should

described the plant."

name

of the botanist

who has

And another

The Orchid Committee should decline to recognise any unauthorised name." The other day I see that they gave an Award of Merit to a plant under the name of Bletia Watsoni, and a con-

to the effect that, "

temporary records it as a " Nov. sp." Your report, however, calls it Bletia catenulata, which was described a century ago, and if so, I want to know who is the botanist that described this old plant under a new name ? and I
sured tha
definite record I
if

ally the original species of the

genus.
]

The
I

<

can find

is

the one mentioned above, though

a safe one.

the obvious conclusion

is

Some time

previously

observed

Vanda Roeblingiana recorded as a " Nov. sp.," also without the name of the botanist who described it, though from the report of other contemporaries
it is

evident that Messrs.

Low

furnished the information.

light

This time, howis

ever,

they

fail

to

throw any

on the subject.

Perhaps the rule

widely

honoured in the breach.

had occasion to call attention to a magnified figure of a flower of Odontoglossum crispum apiatum which appeared in the Gardeners' Chronicle, and now another occurs under the name of O. c. mirabile. The
I

Some time ago

represented as four inches in diameter across the petals, which themselves are one and an eighth inches broad. Now this is the very O. X Coradinei mirabile of which a description appears at p. 198 of these pages, whence I learn that the flower measures three inches across the petals, which
is

flower

organs are two-thirds of an inch broad. Where tion ? I suppose the block will soon reappear

is

the need for this exaggeraI

elsewhere, for already

c.

see

two reproductions of the misleading figure of 0. side by side with correct figures of
insignificant in comparison.

apiatum and

in

one case

put people on their guard, and I think it is time to protest against this sort tmng, as exaggerated and misleading figures of Orchids are becoming far 5 too numerous.

other varieties, which look dwarfed and Of course there is no word of explanation to

Argus.

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

CATTLEYA WARSCEWICZII.
Several
varieties,
it,

h nquiries

have
it

r
i

eached us respectin g
s

this sple ndid Cat tlej

and

its

from which

evident that

and the refore the

folio wing

notes

muc may be
'

nty
acceptabl e.

exisi ts res pecting

It

w
:

iginally

discovered about the year 1848 or 1S49, by Warseewic z, in the prov ince of
Medellin,

New Granada

and

in

1854 wai s

fully

de scribed,
/

from
ii.
]

dried

specimens and drawings, as Cattleya Wars< ;ewiczii

being nami sd by Reichenbach in honour of
its

ionplandi a,

p.

"2

discov erer.

A mag nificent
1

four-flower ed raceme and coloured drawing a lso

came

nto the
it

Kinds of Dr.
his

Lindley.
Orchuiacca

Immediately afterwards Reicher ibach

(i.

figu red
t<

ir 1

Xenia
it

p. 78,

t.

31 ),
:h

but, unfortunately

,-,

in the

5Xt

he

c onfounded

with C.
belong.

species the

livii ig

plants mentioned ev idently

The greater p; art of Warscewicz' s collectio n was tmi\>rt anately lost, by tin 2 breaking dou n of the vessel in which it was bei ng ccnveyed down the iver Magdalen a, and the few plani :s that wei e saved subsequently
1

died.

Foral ong time after wards the species

sight
of,

s<

:ems
,

to h; ive

been almc )st

en

lost

bu tin 1868

it

was

re- discovered

by M,
1

GustavW
i.

mivelling
Bi russels.

from Meek :llin

vicinity of the

to Frontin 0,
its

and plants were sent to M. Linden,

p. 171). as in

Wallis records

habitat {Gard. Chron., 1675,

the immediate

little

4,000 feet elevation,

town of Frontino, in the state of Antioquia, at about grows in thick forests, and also in the tops of where it
time
in

plants being found in rather shady situations. high trees, the best-flowered
It flowered, doubtless for the first

ment

in 1S73,

and received the name

of

M. Linden's establishCattleya gigas, Linden {III. Hort.,

Europe,
in

a figure being subsequently published (I.e., xxi. p. 122, t. 178). xx. p. 70), Published statements with regard to the origin of C. gigas are conflicting.

Wallis,

who complained

that his merits

as discoverer

had

been

ignored, affirms that he sent plants from

Frontino to M. Linden, while

others say

that Roezl obtained

it

were obtained. in 1S71 Roezl was sent to collect plants on behalf point, for he states that that many of them were obtained at Amain (north of of M. Linden, and
original specimens

from Medellin, whence Warscewicz's Wallis himself throws some light on the

more than eighty miles from Frontino, on the other side of the Medellin), Cauca valley, where he himself had collected them, and that he was doubtful if they were the true C. gigas, as he considered them different from the Frontino plant. He further states that three times he sent plants to M.
Linden and Messrs. Veitch,
of Chelsea.

Frontino plant subsequently received the name of C. imperialis in The said to grow and flower very freely, while the Medellin gardens, and was
being so shy a bloomer that the locality had been one had the character of
all

but abandoned by collectors.

3
Still later
it

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

was discovered in a new locality, on the mountains to the the Magdalena River, by a collector of Messrs. F. Sander and Co.,

east of

of St. Albans,

and received the name of C. Sanderiana, plants being sold at Stevens's Rooms on June 15, 1S82. This also has the credit of being a
free bloomer.

Thus the

species exists on

all

three Cordilleras, the typical C.

Warthe

scewiczii occurring on the central one, from Amain southwards to Medellin, the variety imperialis on the western, near

beyond

Frontino, and

variety

Sanderiana on the eastern, from La Palma to beyond Flores.

These names are given in the sense in which they were applied, but it is doubtful if any distinguishing characters can be pointed out. In fact this Cattleya is much less variable that several others, and the character of being a shy bloomer is said not to be peculiar to plants from the central
Cordillera, but to

depend

to a great extent

on the conditions under which

is

it

grows.

In any case C. Warscewiczii includes the other forms, and far the older name of this magnificent Cattleya.

by

DENDROBIUM PHAL^NOPSIS AT CHELTENHAM.

Orchids are grown well at Cheltenham. On a recent visit I saw a sight at the Royal Exotic Nurseries worth going a long way to see. Mr. James Cypher has long been justly famed for excellence in Orchid culture, and,,
perhaps, so far as Dendrobiums are concerned, he has no equal. Amidst the verdure of one of the most fertile counties, and nicely sheltered by the surrounding hills, are Mr. Cypher's Orchid Houses, and there, indeed,

home. At this early date there are already nearly fifteen hundred blooms of the handsome Dendrobium Phalsenopsis fully expanded, which are all arranged in one house, and as the colours vary
at

Dendrobiums are

from the darkest forms to almost pure white, the effect can be better imagined than described. Beautiful as the varieties are, there are yet
those to

come

forth that will favourably

is

compare with some of the

powers of the
artist.

original

paintings, which, as

the case with

many another Orchid

painting, cast

just a faint suspicion of the exaggerative

_______
ODONTOGLOSSUM HARRYANUM.
A

A B
'

very fine form of this beautiful Odontoglossum comes from the collection of W. E. Ledger, Esq., Wilton Road, Wimbledon, in which the lip is fully one and a quarter inches in diameter, and the dorsal sepal well marked with deep yellow. It may be considered a well grown example of the typical
form.

petals of this fine species are so much incurved, front of the flower in a way which detracts

The

has been pointed out to

and stand forward considerably from its beauty, as us on various occasions. This arises from the fact

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

that the petals are very concave near the base.

301
fault

But the

may
petal

be very

easily remedied, by placing one finger at the back of the

and the

thumb

and carefully bending it, so as to make the concave surface convex, after which the beautiful veining is no longer hidden. There are two very distinct varieties of this fine Orchid flavescens (Rolfe in
at the front
;

Gard.

which the whole of the maroon-purple has vanished, leaving the flower a most beautiful yellow, and another in which
Citron., 1S89,
ii.

p. 38), in

the sepals are almost wholly suffused with blackish purple, an unusually

dark form to which the name of var. tenebrosum

is

specially applicable.

CATTLEYA ELDORADO.
Quite a number of flowers of this charming Cattleya have recently been
received,

with

inquiries

respecting

them,

and the following notes

first

will

doubtless prove
recorded.
It
is

interesting, especially as its

early history has not been

usually said to have been

it

introduced by M. Linden,

about the year 1866, but

before this.
It

really

appeared in cultivation thirteen years

flowered in the collection of Mr.

Hadwen,

of Liverpool, in

May, 1S53, when a flower was sent to Dr. Lindley, with the information This appears to that it had been obtained from " Barra do Rio Negro."
have been the original appearance of the species, though
its
it

did not receive

name

until

many

years

later.

M. Linden's plants were

the
at

collected

by Gustav Wallis, who,

in

1866,

explored the low-lying district where the waters of the Rio Negro pour into

Here he obtained the Cattleya, and sent plants to M. Linden, Brussels, which flowered during 1S67, and one of the first was exhibited

Amazon.

under the name of Cattleya Eldorado. It remained scarce until Some 1876, when M. Binot, a French collector, sent an importation home. varieties soon appeared, for in 1868 both C. E. rosea and C. E. splendens received First-class Certificates from the Royal Horticultural Society when
at Paris

more rosy hue than the type, and the latter, again, differed in having some deep rose-purple round the front of the lip. In 1S76 a white form appeared, which was called variety virginalis, and a very similar form received the name of Cattleya Wallisii in 18S2. A year later the variety ornata was described,
exhibited by

M. Linden.

The former had

flowers of a

its

chief peculiarity being the presence of a rose-purple blotch at the apex

of the sepals.

The one

called crocata appeared in 1806,

and

is

characterised

by having the disc of the deep orange, and prolonged in a line to the base More recently some other forms have received varietal names. of the lip.
In 1877 the
species

was again described by M. Barbosa Rodrigues as

in

C. trichopiliochila (as pointed out at p. 206),

allusion to a supposed

resemblance

in the lip to that of a Trichopilia.

It

usually flowers during

July and August.

3 o2

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

As regards its culture, it should be borne in mind that C. superba growsin the same region, which is low-lying, and the climate hotter and with a more decided alternation between the wet and dry seasons than where some of its allies grow. Consequently these two species succeed best under a little warmer treatment. It is also interesting to note that the natural hybrid C. X Brymeriana occurs where C. Eldorado and C. superba grow
together, these being
its

two parents, and the hybrid naturally requires the

CATTLEYA ELONGATA.
This, as pointed out at
p.

206,

is

an older name

for C. Alexandra?,

work published at Rio de Janeiro in 1877, though nothing was known about it in Europe until recently, and eight others described by the same author have proved synonymous with previously described species. C. elongata, however, must be recognised now that its identity is known. The species is now common in cultivation, and as it is becoming established should flower better this autumn. A
having been described
in

plant of the rose-coloured variety in the Orchid house at

Kew

is

bearing

a raceme of four flowers, and

is

very effective.

It

is

certainly a very

attractive Cattleya as seen in its best forms,

and the undulate petals give

will

produce racemes of ten flowers, as in the wild dried specimens,

it

be

worth seeing.

We

have not yet heard of one with anything

published figures are

like

this

number

of flowers, for, of course, the

made up with

the help of dried specimens.

SATYRIUM CANDIDUM.
A very
and
at

interesting and beautiful species of Satyrium has recently flowered,

J.

both in the collection of H.

Elwes, Esq., Andoversford, Gloucestershire,

{Bot. Reg.,
xxiv.,

Kew.

It

is

Satyrium candidum, Lindl.

Misc.,

p. 82).

The
Sir

species

was

originally described in 183S, from plants brought

home by
in

his

John Herschel, from the Cape of Good Hope, which flowered garden at Regent's Park during October of that year. It was grown together as to These characters apply

recorded as having pure white flowers, emitting a most delightful aromatic

fragrance, and the sheaths of the stems inflated and so

form a kind of cup, capable of holding water.

equally well at the present time.

Several other species of the genus are

now

cultivated in a few collections,

little

and

it

is

very interesting to find that these pretty

plants are again

receiving attention, for they are very attractive

when

in flower,

and succeed
group of

well in a greenhouse or cold frame.

Cape Orchids generally have received

interesting
little

more attention during recent years, and a very them could now be got together.


THE ORCHID REVIEW.
OBSERVE a note in the last number of which you lave suggested an alteration
I
1

3 oj

NOMENCLATURE OF HYBRID CYPRIPEDIUMS.

th
in
t

3
:

Review

(page 275),

in

of Mr. Starter's hybrid

Cypripediui n, from C.
there
is

X Excelsior
x

to C.
c

lens,
t

on the ground that

aheady

a C.

Excelsior in the

of

M. Jules Rye, with

parentage Druryi x Spicerianum.

several years under the

We
C.

have had

this latter cross here for

X Buchanianum. It was raised by Mr. Osborne in the collection of the late Mr. Buchan, of Southampton, "i saw a plant in flower that M. Jules Hye had over here, our plants being in flower at the same time, and I told him then that the two were identical. I quite
of

name

agree that

it is

very confusing to have two plants from different parents under

In the present case, however,
is

having the same parentage.

think you over-

synonymous with C. x Buchanianum, or you would not have suggested the change of name. It is surprising what a number of hybrid Cypripediums have received different names, where the same parents have been used, and unless very
great care
so

looked the fact that the earlier C. x Excelsior

many

taken in the future things will get more mixed than ever, with seedlings cropping up around us. There was an instance before
is

the Orchid Committee of the R. H. S. on August nth, where a plant shown

as Cypripedium X Meteor,
as C. x Charles

was determined
(C. bellatulum

to be a variety previously

shown

Richman

x
it

barbatum superbum), though

a First-class Certificate.

the superior merits of the latter gained for

There

are,

am

sorry to say, instances in which the Orchid

have given awards to

Committee plants which have previously been before them under

other names, and recognised under both, though the parentage has been the same. I quite agree with you that varietal distinction should be recognised
in the case of seedlings

which are

distinct or superior to the original form,

as in the case of C.

x Harrisianum

virescens, and others.

H. Chapman.

Cambridge Lodge, Camberwell.

[Mr.

Chapman

is

quite right in supposing that the facts he points out

were overlooked, or the change would not have been proposed.

clature of hybrids generally
last

The nomen340 of our

was considered

in

some

detail at p.

volume, and three other correspondents have written strengthening our

in

hands

this

matter.

The

case of Cypripedium

Charles

Richman

emphasises one of our suggestions.

the varietal

Had

it

been called C.

x Richmanii

any other) could have been added, if necessary. But some of the hybrids which have received different names are not worth distinguishing, even as varieties. Ed."
(or

name superbum


3 o4

THE ORCHID REVIEW

WARSCEWICZELLA AMAZONICA.
Another
of

Warscewicz's long-lost species has

It
is

come

to

light,

and a

very handsome one too.

the old Warscewiczella amazonica which

was described as long ago as 1854, from a specimen collected near the sources of the River Maranon on the Upper Amazon, by Warscewicz, in May, 1853. It was described as having flowers twice as large as those of W. discolor, and snow white with some red veins in the middle of the lip. Then comes a long blank of nearly forty years, during which period nothing In 1S92, however, a further seems to have come to light respecting it.
plant flowered with Messrs. Linden, ^Horticulture Internationale, Brussels,
to

which a First-class Certificate was awarded by the Royal Horticultural

Society under the

to

name

of

Warsewiczella Lindeni.
its

It is

hardly necessary

add that nothing was stated about

it

origin, either

then or afterwards

when

was

figured

in the Lindenia.

obtained by Mr. E. S. Rand, of

Now, however, plants have been Para, from the Upper Amazon, which are
of.

not only identical with the supposed novelty but with the old plant, which,
as already remarked, has been quite lost sight

must now be recognised.

remained unknown

It

is

Of course the old name marvellous that so fine a plant should have
long a period after
its

in cultivation for so

discovery.

With regard

Zygopetalum a word may be said. It was Reichenbach who reduced Warscewiczella and several other genera to Zygopetalum, and others have followed him without question, though
to calling the plant' a several other genera

might also be included on just as good grounds.

:

The

following are the references to descriptions and figures

Warscewiczella amazonica, Rchb.
f.

Zygopetalum amazonicum, Rchb.

Zygopetalum Lindeni, Rolfe

f.

and Warscew. in Bonflandia in Waip. Ann., vi. p. 655.

5,
t.

ii.

p. 97.

in Lindenia. viii. p.

yy

Card. Chron., 1893,

ii.

p.

4 93>

ReichenbachianJB. " Authors should do more than secure

selves the right of priority

to

them-

... by such incomplete

diagnoses.

Not only

should a careful description be taken, but great care should be taken to help posterity in discriminating the species. Therefore that specimen, or those specimens, which furnished the evidence for the establishment of the
species should be distinctly

marked
I

as

'

the type of

my

species.'

now

always do this in
science after

regard this as nfidei commisswn for my lifetime that will have to be distinctly kept within reach of the men of
collection.

my

my death." Reichenbach
man who

in Gard. Chron., 1879,

ii.

p.

718.

And

yet the

could write this has sealed up his herbarium for a

quarter of a century.

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

3o5

A GROUP OF ODONTOGLOSSOMS.
Our August number
some
varieties

contained a portrait of a group of four very handreceived

in

Odontoglossum, which were exhibited and awards at the last Temple Show, and we now have pleasure four other striking forms, which were also exhibited at the same
of

giving
the

tirrTe,

photograph, as before, being kindly taken for us by H. Little, Esq'., of The Barons, Twickenham. The flowers are represented two-thirds natural
O. crispum xanthotes (Fig. 29)
of the disc of the lip
is

a pure white form with the exception

which

is

deep yellow, while each sepal has usually a

few similar spots

variable,
petals,

in the middle.

This character, however,

is

somewhat

and

in the flower here represented,

two

of the sepals are, like the

come out dark in the photograph. The plant is in the rich collection of Baron Sir Henry Schroder, The Dell, Egham, and received a First-class Certificate at the Temple Show. It is
spots
figured at
t.

unspotted.

The yellow

312 of the Lindcnia.

(Fig. 30) is a very pretty

O.

X Andersonianum, Hazelbourne variety

3 o6

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

in

form with broad segments, which was included

the group exhibited by

Welbore

S. Ellis,

Esq., Hazelbourne, Dorking, at the

is

Temple Show.

The
is

arrangement of the blotches

very curious, as one side of the flower

is

nearly pure white, while the other

heavily blotched with reddish purple.

The

peculiarity extended to other flowers on the raceme,

and may perhaps

be constant.

O. x Andersonianum
a

superbum

(Fig. 31)

is

a variety with long and

rather narrow segments, from

First-class Certificate at
is

Baron Schroder's collection, which received the Temple Show. The ground colour of the
shape from the preceding, and thus the two

flower
purple.

white with a rosy flush on the sepals, and the blotches reddish
It

differs

much

in

figures serve to illustrate a little of the

wide range of variation seen

in this

remarkable natural hybrid,

account of which the reader is referred to pages 170-174 of our last volume. The present form approaches 0. gloriosum in shape, while the preceding is much nearer to O. crispum, yet both are natural hybrids from the two species in question.
for a full

was also included in Baron Schroder's splendid group at the Temple Show. It is the rare and beautiful natural hybrid from O. luteopurpureum and O. nobile (Pescatorei) which was
O,

Horsmanii

(Fig.

32)

considered in detail at pp. 139, 140 of the present volume.

are

The

flowers
quite

ivory white,

beautifully

spotted

with

cinnamon-brown, and
lip

intermediate in shape, and in the details of the

flower here figured measured
tip to tip of

and column.

The

exactly three and one-eighth

inches from

the petals.

ODONTOGLOSSUM
This
is

ANDERSONIANUM, YOUNG'S
VARIETY.
handsome
variety from the collection of

the very distinct and

C. Young, Esq.,

The Thorns, Sevenoaks

(gr.

Mr. Ryder), which received

an Award of Merit at the Temple Show.

been included in the above group.
colour.
petals,

flower sent to us
off,

nately received with one of the petals broken

It is

was unfortuotherwise it would have

very remarkable, both in shape and

The- flower measured two and three-quarter inches across the

which were three-quarters of an inch broad, and the sepals scarcely

narrower, the colour ivory white with both sepals and petals richly spotted with deep cinnamon-brown, the blotches being arranged in concentric zones

on their basal two-thirds.

The

lip

has one large blotch in front of the crest

and a few small ones at the sides. The lip, like the sepals and petals, is shorter and broader than in most forms of 0. x Andersonianum, though it otherwise agrees both in shape and in the details of the crest. The raceme
only bore five flowers, so that this remarkable variety will probably improve as it becomes stronger.

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

3o7

CATTLEYA CHOCOENSIS AT HOME.

The
habitat of this

handsome Cattleya

is

confined principally to a narrow

extending along the Rio Cauca, in the State of Cauca, Columbia, between the fourth and fifth degree northern latitude, and at an elevation of 3,000 feet above sea level. Here these Cattleyas grow in

strip of territory

on level land to a great extent marshy and at times inundated, consequently the moisture the plants receive throughout the
forests,

year

is

con-

siderable.

The evaporation
it

heat transforms
trees

of the stagnant water through the influence of the into a light mist, which finds its way upward among the

and branches on which Cattleya chocoensis grows. The trees in this region are of a short and stunty growth, and they are mostly covered with decayed matters and vegetation of every description. This Orchid luxuriates
this

oftentimes the trunks and the numerous literally covered with the plants in all imaginable positions.

in

locality;

branches are

The

spectacle

presented during the flowering season

is

indescribable.
is in

The
it

best season for collecting this Orchid

in flower,

August and September,

is,

being then
for
;

and consequently the bulbs are then

collecting of
it

tion

shipment.

The

this plant

good condihowever] somewhat

in

difficult

the localities in which

grows are often destitute of habitations,

in

or, at best,

they are far between, causing inconvenience

securing help,

provisions, and

means

of transportation, the latter being expensive.

The Cauca River

fluence with the

is

only navigable for a short distance above

its

con-

Rio Magdalena.

On account

of

these inconveniences,

Orchids collected higher up this river have to be carried across the hot Cauca valley and the Western Cordillera to the Pacific coast, whence they
are easily shipped to any part of the world.

In growing this Cattleya

its

fondness
its

borne in mind, particularly during

moisture at the roots should be growing season and when at rest the
for
;

atmosphere should be kept as damp as possible.Johx E. Lager, Florists' Exchange.

in

CYPRIPEDIUM CURTISII.
A
sta ttement

Leon Du ival,

appears in Le Jardin for August 5th last ; the it Cypripedi :um Cu irtisii has been artifi cially
1 :

71 ,bv
ised bv
i

M.
M.

Alfred Bleu, the

well-know a bybr idist of Paris, from Ceil

it t< 3

ire

and C.
species.

superbienis, thus proving

plant

be a latural hybrid between thes

:

wo

was exhibited by M. Bleu

"
not

in

1893,

when something
"Ah,
well

following dialogue took place.

What
?

a beautiful Cypripedium

like the " Curtisii

!

exclaimed M. Duval.
child, obtained

" Is

it

" replied

M. Bleu.

it

is

my

by crossing Cypripedium
!

biens."

" Impossible

with the pollen of C. super" ejaculated the former speaker. " But it is a fact,"
ciliolare

again replied the hybridist,

"and proves

that C. Curtisii

is

only a natural

38

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

M. Duval pointed out
in

hybrid."

as another objection that while C. ciliolare

was imported

quantity, and C. Curtisii in

superbiens had only appeared once, reply was ingenious, namely, that importers were not so simple as to import in quantity a plant which they can propagate by division and sell at a good price. Now we have one or two remarks to make. Cypripedium ciliolare is a Philippine species, C. superbiens is a little doubtful, though generally

numbers scarcely less, C. and then only one or two plants. The

supposed to be from Malacca.

put aside
all
is

Owing

to the

doubt about the latter we

will

ask

how
in

questions about the difficulty of transit of the pollen, but we it that the reputed hybrid comes to grow hundreds of miles

Sumatra ? The fact is some mistake has been made, though we cannot suggest what it is. Considering the amount of resemblance between the two reputed parents, the most plausible explanation is that the hybrid
has been mistaken for Curtisii, but others will readily suggest themselves. Will M. Bleu kindly send us his next flower of the hybrid ? The question should be cleared up. If some one were to suggest that C. superbiens was
*

away,

hybrid, the chief difficulty

would be

to

account for

its

parentage,

for the

STAUROPSIS PHILIPPINENSIS.
This very interesting Philippine species has at last appeared in cultivation, having flowered under the care of Mr. G. E. Day, Orchid Gardens, Hazelwood, King's Langley, Herts. It was found growing in
a

native

basket with Aerides quinquevulnera, some other Philippine species being received at the same time. It was originally collected by Cuming,

and was

described in 1845 by Lindley, in the Annals of Natural History (xv. p. 386) under the name of Trichglottis philippinensis. In 1S60 Reichenbach transferred it to a new genus under the name Stauropsis philippinensis (Hamb. Gartcng., xvi. p. 117), Trichoglottis pallens, Lindl., also being added at the same time, though this has since been transferred
to Phalsnopsis.

The

present species has an erect, climbing, leafy stem, which produces roots at intervals, the leaves being elliptical-oblong in shape and about one and a half inches long. The pedicelled flowers are solitary in the axils of the leaves, and rather smaller than those of Phalaenopsis violacea. The sepals and petals are d the h P PUrple n the sides the rest bein nearl >- whHt. >
'

f^Ztl?' T
tot

:entre of the fleshy lip. It is apparently now at all events in 1S72 Reichenbach spoke of seen by the recent Orchid-gathering tourists, who did the Philip,

LT f

enera

S^tStfLi^ m
species are

smokin S Manili * cigars "^.

1

at

home and commanding Orchids

About
"

now

included

knovv of no recent records the genus.

ei ^ ht

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

309

THE HYBRIDIST.
Cypripedium x James H. Veitch.
remarkable and distinct hybrid Cypripediums than those in whose parentage Cypripedium Stonei has participated can scarcely be found amidst the host of forms brought into existence by the industry of the hybridist.

More

Foremost among them is C. x Morganiae, raised from C. superbiens $ and C. Stonei $, and now to be seen in several varieties, all of which,
however,
are

surpassed,

from a

florist's

point

of

view,

by the variety

langleyense, in which C. Stonei platytasnium takes the place of the species

as pollen parent.

This was the

used, but

first

hybrid to flower in which that remarkstill

able " sport "

was

now another and

fertilised

more

striking one has

been obtained, from C. Curtisii

variety of C. Stonei, and

with the pollen of the same glorified

which received a First-class Certificate when submitted to the Orchid Committee of the Royal Horticultural Society on Tuesday, August 28th, under the name of C. x James H. Veitch. On superficial view the new hybrid has a considerable resemblance to C. x Morganiae, but
a
closer inspection reveals
sepal,
lip,

the

presence of characters, especially

evidently

in

the

upper

and

staminode,
it

derived

from

C.

Curtisii,
is

which clearly distinguish

from the older hybrid.

The

dorsal sepal

two and a half inches

long, elliptical-ovate, ciliolate, pale green passing into

is

white at the margin, folded at the mid-vein, where there

extending almost to the apex
;

a purple line

on each side of this are about six longer

purple lines, alternating with six shorter and thinner, symmetrically curved
ones.

The

petals are broadly ribbon-like, pendulous, four and a half to five

inches long, and about an inch broad, ciliate with dark red-brown hairs of
various lengths
;

light

yellow, and rather evenly spotted with dark red-

purple warts, except near the apex.

The

lip

is

two inches long, helmet-

and almost uniform red-crimson, with the The staminode is infolded side-lobes paler but dotted with darker warts. transversely oblong, pubescent, with two blunt cusps in front and a small
shaped, compressed
laterally,

rounded tooth between them

reticulations in the centre.

the colour pale yellow with

is

some green
fine

It

scarcely necessary to add that this

hybrid was raised by Mr. Seden in the Veitchian establishments at Langley,

near Slough.

A. H. K.

Cypripedium x
This
is

\V.

R. Lee.

a large and handsome hybrid from the collection of William R.

Lee, Esq., Beech Lawn, Audenshaw, Manchester, which received an Award Merit from the Royal Horticultural Society on August 14th last, of which of two-flowered raceme has been kindly sent by Mr. Lee. Its parents, as the already been pointed out, are C. superbiens ? and C. Elliottianum $ (the has
atter being only a form of C. Rothschildianum).
It

bears unmistakable

3i

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

its

evidence of
species.

The

descent, combining well the characters of the two parent dorsal sepal is broadly ovate, over two inches across, and the

ground colour very light with about twenty-five purple-brown stripes. The petals are spreading, three and three-quarter inches long by over threequarters of an inch broad, spotted almost to the apex with purple-brown on
a very light ground, and beautifully ciliate with long hairs. The lip is two and three-quarter inches long, by seven-eighths of an inch broad, and
suffused with purple-brown in front, while the staminode is nearly orbicular, with a pair of acute teeth at the apex, reticulated with green in the centre, on a very light ground, and very pubescent. The leaves show much of the influence of the pollen parent, from which also the longer two-flowered

scape,
It

longer more spreading petals, and more elongated lip are derived. has the vigorous habit of C. Rothschildianum, from which we anticipate

a series of brilliant hybrids in the near future.

The

present one

is

certainly

an extremely promising plant for the hybridist, being both free growing and very floriferous. At p. 144 we gave an account of a very handsome hybrid raised between it and C. Warscewiczii by Messrs. James Veitch and Sons, of Chelsea, and now another must be added to the list. In the present instance Laelia pumila
is

Cattleya Bowringiana

parent, and

its

influence
in

is

very marked.

the seed

was sown
is

iSSS, and the

first

The

was the pollen note from Mr. Seden says that flower was produced in 1893.

about six inches high, and has six pseudobulbs, four of which are diphyllous, like the Cattleya parent. The flowers are about intermediate in shape, the petals two inches long by one and a quarter broad, and the lip open, as in the Lselia parent, though it becomes more convolute as the flower becomes old, in which is seen the influence of the other
sepals and petals are of a beautiful bright rose-purple, and the front half of the lip deep magenta-purple, with a pale throat. It is a very charming little plant.
parent.

plant

The

this

is

the very pretty hybrid from the collection of R.

I.

Measures,

September nth. It was obtained from C. cailosum % and C. x Tautzianum $, and is fairly in eimediate m character. The dorsal sepal is two and a quarter inches broad by two inches long, and the disc veined with light green, which

Esq., Cambridge Lodge, Camberwell (gr. Mr. Chapman), which received an Award of Merit from the Royal Horticultural Society on

passes into feathered purple nerves before reaching the margin, which itself P talS ar tW and a half inches lon b >- th quarters of an & ! t nH k , the base broad, light green, the remainder suffused with light rosy


THE ORCHID REVIEW.
purple, and the whole covered with

311

many

small purple-brown dots.

front of the lip is bright red-purple, this organ being

two inches long.

The The
flat,

staminode

is

broadly rounded, with two cuspidate teeth in front, very

and with a zone of colour, formed of a suffusion of purple and green, between

Cypripedium x Janet Ross.

H. J. Ross, Esq., Poggio Gherardo, Florence, Italy, a hybrid Cypripedium bearing the above name. It was derived from C. x Swanianum % and C. x Harrisianum t, so that its parentage may be expressed thus: C barbatum , C. villosum \, C. Dayanum \. It is moist like C, x Swanianum in shape, the dorsal sepal being ovate and one and a half inches broad, with about nineteen green
lines

On two

occasions

we have

received from

on

white

ground,

slightly

suffused

with

very

light

purple,

except at the margin.

The spreading

petals are

two and three-quarter

inches long,

ciliate,

very light purple veined with light green.

The
;

lip

is

two and a quarter inches long, and of a dull light purple in front and the staminode nearly orbicular with blunt teeth, and reticulated with green on
a
light

ground.

The

leaf

is

light shining yellowish-green,

beautifully

reticulated with deep green.

The

characters of C. villosum are least appa-

ORCHID PORTRAITS.

Lindcnia,

t.

4;

of Hort., Sept.

Ccelogyxe speciosa, Lindl. Orchid Album, t. 494. Cymbidium ebdrneum, Lindl. Lindenia, t. 422. Cypripedium x Charles Rich man .Gard. Mag.,
with
fig.

Sept.

15,

p.

549,

Cypripedium x Chlonius.Gard. Mag., Sept. 8, p. 535> with fig. Cypripedium x Gibezianum, L. Lind. Lindenia, t. 425. Cypripedium x James H. Veitch.Journ. of Hort., Sept. 6, p.
fig.

227,

33

Gard. Chron., Sept.

8, p.

2S7,

fig.

40.

Cypripedium x Leysenianum.Rev. L'Hort.

coloured plate.

Bclgc, Aug., p. 169, with


3 i2

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

Cypripedium Stonei platyt.enium. Orchid Album, t. 496. Cypripedium superbiens. A flower with two lips. Gard. World, Sept.

15, p. 41, with

fig.

Disa nervosa.

Gard. Chron., Sept.

8, pp.

15, pp. 308, 309, fig. 41.

fig.

Habenaria Susanna. Joum.

Gard. Chron., Sept.
278, 279,

of Hort., Sept. 6, pp. 227, 228,

fig.

32

38.

L.elio-cattleya x broomfieldensis.Journ. of Hort., Aug. 23, pp. Gard. Chron., Aug. 25, p. 223, fig. 33 Gard. Mag., Sept. 170, 171, fig. 25
; ;

1, p.

519, with

fig.

L^elio-cattleya x Canhamiana alba.

507, with
fig.

Gard. Mag., Aug.

25, pp. 502,

LjELIO-CATTLEYA x Cauwenberghei, L. Lind. Lindenia,

is

t.

428.

This

a variety of L.-c. x elegans.

Masdevallia Davisii, Rchb. i. Lindenia, t. 427. Odontoglossum cirrhosum, Lindl., var. superbum, Hort.

Lindenia,

Odontoglossum crispum
248,
fig-

var.

maculatum.

Gard. Chron., Sept.

1,

p.

35-

Odontoglossum crispum var. mirabile. Gard

249,
fig.

Chron., Sept. i,pp. 248,

36.

This

is

O. x Coradinei mirabile.

Odontoglossum crispum Wrigleyanum. Orchid Album, Sobralia sessilis, Lindl. Bot Mag., t. 7376.
Trichopilia suavis, Lindl.
Lindenia,
of
t.

t.

493.

423.

The

eighth part of volume

iii.

Xenia Orchidacea has just appeared, and

contains ten partly coloured plates of fifteen species.

species described by Dr. Kranzlin

Three of the four

must take rank as synonyms, Lissochilus Graefei being identical with L. Krebsii, Rchb. f., Epidendrum Wendlandianum with E. venosum, Lindl., and Saccolabium Sanderianum with S. Mooreanum, Rolfe.

CALENDAR OF OPERATIONS FOR OCTOBER.

By H. A. Birberry, Highbury, Moor Green, Birmingham.

Temperatures. On
sun heat
in all

the figures quoted below allow a rise of 5 to io for

6o, night 55,

departments.
.

Fire heat during morning 50 the night will now again be frequently needed, and also during the daytime should the weather be very cold. It is best to have a gentle warmth in the
pipes,
if

The Cool House. Day

only for a few hours, so that the ventilation

in

may

not be discontinued.

Always bear

mind

that

when

the outside conditions are such as to

warrant the use will not stand it.

of fire-heat, that it is

not used in excess, for cool Orchids

be done twice a

Damping-down

in this

department

may now

day morning

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

and evening
for
it is
;

313
its

but the watering of the plants must, as the winter and

accompanying short and dark days approaches, be done with greater

dying.

care,

often then that cool Orchids are over- watered, the roots consequently

The watering-can must

be used with discretion, the operator takinginto

account the naturally damp, slow-drying, and unexciting winter atmosphere, and be guided also by the nature of the compost and the bulk thereof, the

mode

of potting, etc.

As

a general guide

may

say that the surface of the

compost should look white for a day or two at this season before water is applied, and as the days shorten a still longer interval should be allowed. The Intermediate, Cattleya, and Mexican Houses. Day 65 to
70
,

night

65

morning

6o.

Damp down

twice a

day, and

ventilate

systematically, avoiding cool draughts.

The East
day
for

Indian
are

House. Day
but

75, night 70

damping-down

will also be sufficient here.

morning 65 Twice a Always ventilate when

.

circumstances
ventilators.

favourable,

be cautious

about

opening the top

The time

is

wise necessary

now upon us when when watering all

how

careful thought and consideration

is like-

species of Orchids.

As a

rule the inex-

perienced are greatly bothered about the winter treatment of their plants

when

at rest, the question of

often to water frequently cropping up.

have sometimes noticed plants so shrivelled by excessive drought as to be beyond recovery, and I have also seen them suffering from the effects of too

much
here

wet.

It is

scarcely possible to write

down

hard-and-fast rules on the

;

subject, as conditions

and circumstances vary so much

the

but a few words

may

be serviceable.

Take the deciduous kinds, such as some of Catasetums and Mormodes, Barkerias, and others.
;

Dendrobiums, the
will,

Such kinds

when

matured, but not till then, require very little water during the properly probably once a fortnight, to keep them plump and healthy winter months
a
little

longer, or perhaps not quite so long.

Then come

the thick, leathery-leaved, evergreen species,

which are also

long droughts, such as the Cattleyas and Laslias, capable of withstanding some of the Oncidiums and Epidendrums. Sometimes I Brassavolas, and one or two weeks, and sometimes longer, without find these go well for
water, just in accordance with the weather. green species, too, require a good long rest
of the

Many
;

of the thin-leaved, ever-

for instance,

Ccelogynes and

Odontoglossums, as O. grande and O. citrosmum, Lycastes, some as O. trigrinum, O. varicosum, and others, and some of the Oncidiums, But there are many other species of of inactivity. having a decided period always growing, and never having what above genera which are almost the

and these must not be allowed to get very be termed a resting season, may watered very moderately during the winter, though they should be dry, then giving water. I refer to species like letting them get dry and simply

3 i4

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

purpurata

Lstlia

and

L.

crispa,

Cattleya
Miltonia

intermedia,
vexillaria,

crispum,

Oncidium

macranthum,

Odontoglossum Phaius, Zyogo-

Those withstanding the least drought of all during the winter are those having no pseudobulbs, such as Saccolabiums, Angrsecums, Masdevallias,

and Cypripediums. These should be kept moist, never allowing them to become dust-dry, nor, on the other hand, to be continually saturated. One word of advice avoid extremes, and rather
Sobralias, Bolleas, Phalsenopsis,
:

err

on the side of too

much water than

too

little,

the former being the

is

lesser of the

two

evils, for

should shrivelling occur a serious injury

in the late

done.

Newly imported Orchids arriving

so satisfactory as

autumn months are not nearly From the those coming during the spring and summer.
such times as
in their

time the plants are pulled from their native bowers until
they recommence forming either

new

roots or

new pseudobulbs

new homes, they slowly but

and weaker.

surely go backwards, gradually getting

weaker

In spring and

summer they

readily start to grow,

;

and gene-

rally get nicely established before winter sets in

but at this time of the

year they are slow to do sc, and even

growth.
Cattleyas and
Laslias arriving

then usually make thin spindly

now

should be carefully treated.

They should be

nicely potted up without delay, and taken to their proper

houses, but no attempt should be

strong-established
plants.

made

to further rest

them, as

is

done with

On

the contrary, the immediate surroundings

should be kept moist, and the compost should also be kept just moist, so
that their store of vitality

But should they to give them extra warmth and moisture, so as to encourage them. In the Calendar for April I appended a list of Cattleyas and Laslias that are better for a little more warmth than that afforded in the ordinary Cattleya House. This extra warmth is of much more importance during the winter, and they should then be kept fully I am desirous warmer. 5 also to once more draw attention to the habit of some of these species,
including Cattleya labiata, to rot

grow.

may not be uselessly expended before starting commence to form new pseudobulbs, it is best

to

when

it

generally occurs, and the

when the flowers are damage may be done

cut, as this is a

time

before

it is

observed,

the prevention of which will be found in the Calendar for August.

Now that the repotting is finished,

and the watering of the plants, damping-

the cleansing of the plants and houses, and this

to do.

it

becomes quite necessary

The

clean, is

next important thing to knowing that the plants should be to keep them so. A great deal of the Orchid grower's time is

necessarily taken up with this

work the

oftener the plants are looked over

and cleaned the better it is for their well-being. But it is work which must be done carefully, and herein is a difficulty, for many young men who are
entrusted with the work do not handle the plants in a careful or thoughtful

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

manner.
spared.

315

boon indeed

is

he

who can

be relied upon to clean a valuable

Orchid with the necessary care and

is

skill, for

then a deal of worry and vexation

Here are

a few of the results

and careless cleaners: ment. Dormant eyes bruised or damaged, ending in ultimate decay. The centre leaf of a new growth pulled out, or it may be the new growth itself missing altogether. Or a plant which has recently been repotted with great care, so as to leave it in perfect growing order, often rendered loose and

which occur with heavy-handed Cracked or broken leaves a permanent disfigure-

Such things are extremely annoying, and persons entrusted with such important work should remember that a new batch of
unstable in
its

pot.

Orchids cannot,

like florist's flowers, be raised the following year,

by sowing

a packet of seeds, or by the insertion of cuttings.

But, notwithstandii ig these dr

soon as the various
i

clean ing
pla .inly

mus

it

be done,

and as
pla

nfesting
1

parasites

ai e

vis ible.

The
ius

moreover, should

be

:leaned

at intervals, even

when no
1

lii ,-ing

crea ture

may

be seen upon the m, for

in: sect

from breeding; and

man y of the larger kinds life in s ome form or another

.

ire

tl

prevented
but

\\ ;

oftei 1 present,

only visible upon close examinatio n, not to menti on the d lust a nd dirt wl lich
collects

and chokes
notice.

u] 3

the pores

An

ins .tunc.

of this has) recently c<

under

my

On

looking over a collection, some plants of Lselia anceps

were noticed looking rather uncomfortable, the leaves showing a sickly yellow hue, and the cause was apparent on a peep through the magnifying glass. On the under surface of the leaves were quantities of red spider, Here are two good insecticides for cleaning apparently quite prosperous. For scale and mealy bug, which collect round the hard pseudopurposes
:

bulbs, and

in the axils

of the leaves of Cattleyas

is

and Laslias

in particular,

Murray's Electric Insecticide

good one.

To

one part of the compound

parts of water, and with a small brush rub over the infested parts, add five For the sponging of the leaves, and for general again. not rinsing it off
paint, glass, etc., " Killmright "is an excellent cleaning work, scrubbing the Half a pint is sufficient for three to four gallons of water. soapy mixture.

" Richardson's
so far as
too, is
it is

XL

All " insecticide

it,

metes out death to

that
is

thrips,
it.

and ^eems,

have

tried

to bear out

all

claimed

for

The vapouriser,

such a neat

little

invention, and with such plain printed instructions

impossible to go wrong.
roller blinds should be taken

The

down when dry and

stored

away

for the

wear out if exposed to the winter weather, though winter, as they speedily so that the blinds rest upon the glass, if the trellis-work be taken away,
winter covering for protection against cold. they are exceedingly useful as a the glass, and kept securely in their place if Garden mats may be laid on All permanent shading should now be rolled down over them. the blinds possible done to secure for the plants entirely removed, and everything be
the

maximum amount

of light.


3 i6

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

Writing on protection from
cold

reminds

me

of

the

double glazing

system which was at one period thought by some

to be the secret of success,

though
disease.

it

has long since been abandoned, owing to the extra pane of glass

excluding so

and thus the remedy was almost as bad as the The system, however, has its virtues, and those who have hitherto
light,
it.

much

been unsuccessful with Phalaenopsis might do worse than try

Masdevallias are better for a temperature averaging 3 to 5 warmer than the coolest house from now until spring, and this should be given them
if

possible.

They

like a

moist atmosphere, but should not be kept too wet

is

at the root, as

overwatering
section,

the chief cause of that familiar black spot.

little

The Chimaera
do best
in the

and that pretty

species,

M.

tovarensis, certainly

intermediate houses.

There are many other so-called cool

Orchids that are also better for this extra warmth during winter, such as

Vanda Kimballiana, Anguloas, Aerides japonicum, Dendrobium infundibulum, and D. Jamesianum, Maxillaria grandiiiora and M. venusta, Odontoglossum Londesboroughianum, Oncidium cheirophorum, O.tigrinum, and O. unguiculatum, Trichosma suavis and Sophronitis grandiflora. The
latter,

although growing well enough,

is

apt to get a

little

later

year by

year.

Two

species of recent introduction, Laelia crispilabia (Lawrenceana)

and Laslia Crashleyana

[What

is

this

Ed.],

seem

to require similar

treatment to the last named.

Cattleya dolosa and C. Walkeriana are best grown in baskets suspended
in the

Mexican house.

In a former Calendar

syringing overhead in this department, but this

or

damping

of the spikes

may

occur.

fresh

recommended occasional must now be discontinued, supply of new tree leaves

should

now

be placed under the stages in this, and also in the other depart-

Keep a sharp watch for any signs of the Shot-Borer {see February Calendar), which attacks the pseudobulbs of Dendrobiums. This is one of

Do

not

let

the plants become exhausted by allowing their flowers to

is

remain on too long, as this

ccerulea, for instance,
suffers

a prolific source of deterioration.

greatly.
is I

Vanda
that

am

inclined to think

the

departure of this beautiful Orchid

in winter.
It

further hastened by keeping

it

too cold

should then either have the warmest part of the Cattleya

suitable

or

Mexican

house, or be transferred to a

position

in

the

East

correspondent cannot grow Oncidium Lanceanum. " There are black spots on the leaves," which is due no doubt to a superabundance of moisture.

warm-house Orchid, but is generally grown in that house regardless of position. It should be remembered that it belongs to the stout-leaved section, and on that account can endure more drought than most other inmates of this house. The lightest and dryest place should be selected for
It
is

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

the winter, taking care not to over-water
it,

31 7

but in

summer grow

it

sus-

pended with the hot Dendrobiums.

goes, best suits

This treatment, so far as

my experience
register."
at,

Oncidium Jonesianum, another difficult species. Another would like to know " what the hygrometer should During the growing months saturation point should be aimed
it is

but of

course

almost impossible to maintain

In fact
it

it

during mid-day, with ventilation,

though that does not matter.

of dryness for an hour or

two at new growth becomes more and more matured the hygrometer should

always best to have a few degrees mid-day. As the winter advances and the
is

register

about 5 for a greater length of time, as will be the case if instructions in For such as Dendrobiums when resting the damping-down are followed.
saturation point should never be reached, the hygrometer then varying from
5
to ro.
I

am

pleased to see notes compared on the subject of potting materials

as
it

in

the

Orchid Review,
in the

is

very interesting and instructive.

took

the opportunity of advancing

my own
it,

views early

in the year,

which

will be

found

Calendar

for

February.

New
it

beginners should order the best

is

Orchid peat and see that they get

current season.

and no more than

fresh.

required for the

The

idea

is

to

have

ORCHIDS AT THE
1

ROYAL HORTICULTURAL
SOCIETY.

held at the Drill Hall, meeting of the Roya Horticultural At the Westminster, on August 28th the sh ow of Orchids was not James Street, extensive, as is usual a t this season of the ye :ar, though several fine very
,
'

things were staged,

and b ,vo sterling no\ cities

ippeared

for

the

first

The

President, Sir Trevor

Lawrence, Bart., Burford, Dorking

(gr.

Mr.

an Award of Merit for the pretty hybrid CypriW. H. White), received niveum and C. supersupposed to be a hybrid from pedium x The Pard,

biens,

though the point

is

not quite certain.

The

flower

is

white, the dorsal

with dotted purple lines and a green base, the petals densely spotted sepal The rare and pretty the lip rosy purple. with purple, and the front part of

Chondrorhyncha Chestertoni received a Botanical Certificate.

flowers with beautifully fringed petals

It

has yellow

and

lip.

Maxillaria fucata and

M.

Hubschii were also shown. G. D. Owen, Esq., Selwood, Rotherham

(gr.

Mr. Watt

received

Awards

Orchids, Cattleya x Hardyana, Selwood variety, of Merit for two handsome and Laelio-cattleya x Owenia?, a supposed natural a richly coloured form, and the tube of the lip white. Laelia with dark rose-coloured flowers hybrid

3 iS

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

A
fine

Perrinii has been suggested as one of the parents.

Cattleya Gaskel-

liana alba

was also shown.

(gr.

T. Statter, Esq., Stand Hall, Whitefield, Manchester

Mr. R. Johnson),

showed the beautiful Lselio-cattleya x callistoglossa and L.-c. X Nysa, a plant of the pretty little orange-scarlet Laelia monophylla with six flowers,
and Dendrobium aqueum (album), a Botanical Certificate being given
the latter fine old plant.
to

W. Thompson,
sent cut spikes of

Walton Grange, Stone, Staff, (gr. Mr. Stevens), Ladio-cattleya X elegans Cawenbergiana, a light rose form
Esq.,

with broad, rosy crimson front lobe to the

J.
S.

Moss, Esq., Winter's Hill,

a fine plant of Laalio-cattleya

and Cattleya Gaskelliana alba. Bishop's Waltham (gr. Mr. Bazeley),

lip,

showed

Messrs.

James Veitch

and

x elegans Mossiae. Sons, Royal Exotic Nursery, Chelsea,

exhibited a large and very beautiful hybrid Cypripedium, derived from C.

Curtisii %
cate.
It
is

and C. Stonei platytaenium

was

called C.

which received a First-class CertifiJ, James H. Veitch. The ground colour of the
colour, and the lip reddish purple.

flower

very light, the dorsal sepal striped with purple, the broad petals

regularly spotted with the

same

Messrs. F. Sander and Co., St. Albans, received a Silver Flora Medal for
a fine group.

Cattleya X Kienastiana, which received a First-class Certifi-

cate,

is

a beautiful hybrid raised from C.

Lueddemanniana % and C. Dowiana

a paler

aurea
rose,
tint.

$.

The
lip

flowers are large and handsome, the sepals white, flushed with
lilac,

and the petals rosy

somewhat mottled and veined with

lilac
is

The

is

rich

magenta-crimson edged with

in

in

front,

orange
to the

margined with white

find old

the middle, while the tube

veined with white

and the side lobes margined with rose.

similar

award was given

Habenaria Susannse, an Indian species with large white flowers and beautifully fringed lip, which is seldom seen in gardens. The group also

contained

many

of the

charming Habenaria carnea and

its

variety nivosa,

the brilliant H. militaris, Saccolabium cceleste, Cattleya

Dowiana aurea,
was
given.

Phalamopsis Sanderiana, Angraecum Chailluanum, and Laelio-cattleya x

elegans nobilis, a rosy crimson form to which an
Messrs.

Award

of Merit

Hugh Low and

Co., Clapton Nursery, also received a Silver

Flora Medal for a beautiful group, which included a large

of

number

of plants

Cypripedium Charlesworthii, one called van magnificum being very large and brilliantly coloured. Saccolabium cceleste superbum received an Award
of Merit.

Laelia tenebrosa, Cattleya Gaskelliana alba, C.

Eldorado Wallisii,

Laelio-cattleya

elegans,

Miltonia

Rcezlii

alba,

and others, were also

fine Miltonia

included in the group.

Messrs. Fred.

Horsman and

Co., Colchester,

showed the

x Bluntii Lubbersiana. Messrs. B. S. Williams and Son, Upper Holloway, exhibited the pretty little Lselio-cattleya x blesensis.

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

3ig

At the meeting held on September nth, Orchids were rather more numerous than at the previous one, and three First-class Certificates were awarded, one to an exceptionally brilliant Cattleya shown by Mr. Statter, and another, singularly enough, to the old Renanthera coccinea. T. Statter, Esq., Stand Hall, Whitefield, Manchester (gr. Mr. R.Johnson),
staged a choice group, to which a Silver Banksian Medal was awarded. gem of the collection was the superb Cattleya Warscewiczii,

The

Derby, which received a First-class Certificate. pure white, but the lip very brilliantly coloured.

Countess of The sepals and petals were

It is

a magnificent form.

The

splendid C. x

Hardyana Statteriana was

also exhibited, C.

Dowiana

aurea, C. Leopold!, C. Victoria-Regina, C. granulosa, x Minucia, which received an Award of Merit, Lselio-cattleya x elegans blenheimensis, Cypripedium x Numa, and C. x excellent, which was described at p. 275 of our

Lodge, Camberwell

(gr.

Mr.

Chapma

Banksian Medal for group, in which Cypripediums especially were well represented. The best of them was C. x Nandii, a beautiful hybrid derived from C. callosum ? and C. x Tautzianum , to which an Award of Merit was given. It most resembled the

named, the flower being white flushed and spotted with rose, with a little bright green at the base of the dorsal sepal. Cypripedium x Charles Canham with eight flowers, C. x Indr (callosum x villosum), C. x Eyermani and Diana, C. x Io grande, C. enfieldense Hebe (Volonteanum x Lawrenceanum). Laelia pumila delicata, with lavender-purple sepals and petals and a pale lip, also received an Award of Merit, and Pleurothallis
last

picta a Botanical Certificate.

The group
picta,

also included Cattleya

aurea, C. Aclandias, Saccolabium Blumei,

Vanda

tricolor,

Dowiana Masdevallia x
a Botanical

Measuresiana, and
Certificate.

Pleurothallis

which

last

received

Sir Trevor

Lawrence, Bart., Burford, Dorking

(gr.

Mr.

W. H. White^,
flowers tinted

exhibited the pretty Odontoglossum x aspersum roseum,

its

with purplish rose, and cut flowers of the fragrant Cattleya Gaskelliana
albens, each of which received an

Award

of Merit.

M.
for

Jules Hye-Leysen, Coupure, Gand, received a First-class Certificate

a beautiful hybrid Cypripedium obtained from C. barbatum $ and C. bellatulum Marie $, under the name of C. x Charles Richman.
J.

Gurney Fowler, Esq., Glebelands, South Woodford, Essex (gr. Mr. Davies), showed a very large-flowered Cypripedium Charlesworthii, a fine
specimen of Cattleya Loddigesii with over thirty flowers and buds, and flowers of Cattleya Dowiana aurea and C. Leopoldi.
F. Hardy, Esq., Tyntesfield, Ashton-on-Mersey
richly coloured Cattleya Trianas,
(gr.

Mr. Safford), sent a

and a form

of

Odontoglossum x Cora-

3 2o

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

C.

M. Ingram, Esq., Elstead House, Godalming (gr. Mr. Bond), showed a good Laelio-cattleya x elegans Houtteana. Sir Charles Pigott, Bart., Wexham Park, Slough (gr. Mr. Capp), showed
L.

a series of seven forms of Cattleya Gaskelliana.

W.

C.

Walker, Esq., Percy Lodge, Winchmore Hill

of the pretty Cattleya Leopoldi

(gr.

Mr. Cragg),

showed two forms

E.

and a

fine inflorescence

of Cattleya guttata phsenicoptera.

J.

Wickenden, Esq., Heathfield,

New

Southgate, showed the fine

Oncidium Forbesii grandiflorum. Messrs. F. Sander and Co., St. Albans, staged a group of rare Orchids, two of which received Botanical Certificates, namely Pleurothallis Laucheana
and the rare Ccelogyne Meyeriana.
yellow Laelia

The group
x

also

included the

pretty

Sanders, Cattleya

Kienastiana, C. Gaskelliana va-

ginalis, the rare

Miltonia Schrcederiana,

M.

spectabilis Moreliana, Sobralia

xantholeuca, Calanthe x Laucheana, Catasetum fimbriatum, Odontoglossum

bictoniense album, Angrsecum articulatum, and Cypripedium x Maynardii.

Messrs.
Silver

Hugh Low and

Co,, Clapton, staged a fine group, to

It

which a

Banksian Medal was awarded.

contained a fine series of the

Cypripedium Charlesworthii, Saccolabium cceleste, and others, also a plant of Spathoglottis pubescens, to which a Botanical Certificate
beautiful

Messrs.

W.

L.

Lewis and

Co., Southgate, also received a Silver

Banksian
C.

Medal
were

for a

good group, including

many

Cattleyas,

among which

Johnsonii (Harrisoniae x Warscewiczii), and C. Gaskelliana, "

noteworthy.

Habenaria carnea

and

var.

H. Allen," J. nivosa, Odontoglossum

grande, and various Cypripediums were also included. Messrs.

cattleya

James Veitch and Sons, Chelsea, again

sent their splendid Laelio-

x Nysa.

Messrs. Fred
Lselia tenebrosa

Horsman and
and a

Co., Colchester, sent a very fine dark form of

light Laelia purpurata,

Messrs. John Laing and Sons, Forest Hill, sent the

tigrina,

showy Stanhopea

and the rare

S. devoniensis.

CORRESPONDENCE,

&c.

C.
J.

W. Catasetum macrocarpum, which

is

a rathe.

H. A form of Cattleya Gaskelliana. E. i. Some of the forms can hardly be distinguished already. The range of colour in Dendrobium Phalamopsis is vei J- L<

The Amateur Orchid

Cultivators Guide Book.
By
H. A.

BURBERRY,

F.R.H.S.

THIS

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contains sound practical information for Amateurs and

in

beginners

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THE ORCHID EXCHANGE.Of

late years

there has

been an

increasing necessity

among

OrchiJists for

a recognised

medium through which Duplicates

of Seedling,
sold.

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Amateurs
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PROSPECTUS, with Manager

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may be had

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CONSTANTLY RECEIVED.

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Have
a large

INSPECTION CORDIALLY INVITED.

BRADFORD,
fine stock of established

and

HUGH LOW & Co.,

Upper Clapton,

and imported Orchids.

INSPECTION INVITED.

LONDON.
K

ORCHID PEAT.
il.Kl

\M>

<

V1IF.I.LIA FK.VT,

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HOUSES ORCHID
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and Orchid Grower.

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in

The

extensive collection of Orchids -row n by

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ristoUmay be inspected at any time by persons interested

Orchid Culture.

THE

ORCHID REVIEW
Hn
3llu6tratei>

GDontbty Journal,

DEVOTED TO ORCHIDOLOGY.

Vanda

x Charlesworthii

}22

Cattleya

x Brow

The Orchid Collection of C. G. Roebling.J ... 323 Esq.. Trenton, New Jersey 3^5 Pogonia speciosa
Cattleya x Victoria-Regina

Cvpripedium xce

Cvpripedium x
Cattleya

Mc

Cattleya Harrisonia

328

xHardvan
coi

328 Hybrid Odontoglossums Odontoglossum X Lindleyano trium528 hans Lindleyano tripuOdontoglossum x

Cvpripedium x

Culture of Bolleas

The Pickering Lod

Odontoglossum X Murrellianum Odontoglossum X Cookeanum
Notes on Orchids
in
... ...
...

32a

550
331

the Jungle

Orchid Portraits Calendar of Operat Orchids at the E

PRICE ONE SHILLING MONTHLY.

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CO.,

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THE ORCHID
Xnll-MIU-R,
iso 4
.

REVIEW.

Two

meetings of the Royal Horticultural Society will be held at the Drill Hall, James Street, Westminster, during November, on the 13th and 27th respectively, when the Orchid Committee will meet at the usual hour of 12

o'clock, noon.

On

these dates, and during the winter, the exhibits

may

be

removed

at

4 o'clock, p.m.

At the Trowbridge Horticultural Society's Show held on August 22nd, Mr. C. Richman, gardener to G. L. Palmer, Esq., obtained the first prize for a new or rare plant with Cypripedium Charlesworthii.

On

the occasion of the recent visit of their Royal Highnesses the

Duke

and Duchess of York to Leeds, a beautiful bouquet was presented by the Yorkshire College to H. R. H. the Duchess of York, consisting of Cattleya labiata, Dendrobium Phalsenopsis, Yanda ccerulea, and Odontoglossum
crispum, relieved by sprays of
lily

of the valley

and maidenhair

master-

piece of floral art, furnished by Mr. Featherstone of the Kirkstall Nurseries.

Mr.

R W.

Ashton, manager to Messrs.

W.

L.

Southgate, has been admitted as a partner in

carried on under the

Chase Side, the business, which will be

Co.,

Lewis and

same name

as before.
militaris, together

The number
the

brilliant scarlet-flowered

Habenaria

with a smaller

of

H. carnea and

its

variety nivosa, have

made

a brilliant display in
their beautifully

warm house
foliage

at Burford during the present

effect.

autumn,

marked

serving to enhance the

followed with so

much

success

was given

in

The method of culture detail by Mr. White at p. 83

of our last volume.

322

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

A
fine plant of
I.

collection of R.

seventeen

spikes,

Oncidium ornithorhynchum album now flowering in Measures, Esq., Cambridge Lodge, Camberwell, be most of them between two and three feet long,

averaging one hundred flowers on a spike.

The

effect is

very charmi

An

exceptionally fine form of Cattleya

Dowiana aurea comes from

collection of R. B.

White, Esq., Arddarroch, N.B., the petals being

lip

and a quarter inches broad and the

three inches, dark in colour, eve

veined with yellow, and the margins very

much

undulated.
I.

few duplicate plants from the collection of R.

Measures,

Cambridge Lodge, Camberwell, were sold the other day at Messrs. Prothe and Morris's rooms, when a small piece of Cypripedium Lawrencean Hyeanum fetched fifty guineas, and C. insigne Ernesti twenty guineas.

VANDA
A
I

CHARLESWORTHII.
in the collection of
in
it

very distinct

Vanda appeared
though
I

Messrs. Charleslast,

worth, Shuttleworth, and Co., Heaton, Bradford,

May

whose

origin

was unable
it

to account for,

suspected

to be a natural hybrid,

on account of resemblances

to

V. ccerulea and V. Bensoni, with the former of

which
has

appeared.

It

was therefore provisionally named as above. The plant

at p. 182.

was exhibited

at the

Manchester show, as recorded

Another plant

now

appeared, this time in the establishment of Messrs.

Hugh Low and

think there can

Co., of Clapton, also as a single specimen, in an importation of V. ccerulea,

from Burmah, and on further examination of the question

be no doubt of
It
is

its

being a natural hybrid between the two species named.

is

known

that they grow together, and the present plant

in

as inter-

mediate in habit and

are.

the size and shape of the flower, as hybrids generally

The

flowers are two and a half inches in diameter, the texture of the

sepals and petals being almost as in V. ccerulea, but beautifully veined and

suffused at the margin with light rosy purple instead of blue.

The

lip,
is

on

the contrary, has almost the texture of V. Bensoni, while the shape

about

intermediate between the two, while at the apex are two rounded auricles of
reddish purple, as in V. Bensoni, only smaller and rounder.
is

The

front lobe

shorter than in V. ccerulea, and constricted behind the auricles, which, by

the way, are absent in the species just named.

Between the side lobes are two yellow markings, also as in V. ccerulea. There is only one explanation of such an unmistakable combination of the characters of the two species,
and that
just
is

that V. x Charlesworthii

is

a natural hybrid

between the species

named. Another genus must therefore be added which natural hybrids are known.

to the list of those in

R. A. Rolfe.

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

323

THE ORCHID COLLECTION OF

ESQ.,
This
collection
is

C. G.

TRENTON,

NEW

ROEBLING,
It is

JERSEY.
situated at
is

one of the

finest in the

United States.

Trenton,

New

Jersey, about thirty miles from Philadelphia, and

under the

fostering care of Mr. H. T. Clinkaberry, a skilled and successful cultivator.

The Orchid range

The
first

consists of five houses of various dimensions, mostly

we entered during

a visit this

autumn comprised

principally

Odontoglossums and Masdevallias, embracing most

in excellent condition.

of the leading varieties,

Excepting a

fine plant of Miltonia vexillaria

in

superba
bloom,

Odontoglossum crispum, there was very little yet though many were finishing fine pseudobulbs and showing strong
and a few
of

for flower,

notwithstanding the severe hot season they had just passed through. A fine lot of Laelia harpophylla were finishing up very strong growths under the
cool treatment, and the tiny L,

monophylla seemed quite

built specially for

at

home

here.
It is

The house

is

model one,

Odontoglossums.
is

brick structure, partly sunk in the ground, and

a lean-to with northern

aspect, a high brick wall along the south side, aided by canvas shades raised

above the glass, serving

to protect the plants

first

from excessive summer heat.

thing to call our attention

On

entering the next department the

was

a well-flowered plant of Epidendrum Godsefnanum, with branched panicles five feet long carrying in all nearly ninety fully expanded, sweet-scented
flowers, with
lip.

dusky green sepals and petals, and a blue-purple striated white This house is used for Dendrobiums, Zygopetalums, and Cymbidiums.
latter

Of the
feet

we

noticed fine specimens of

eburneum, C. Lowianum, four

condition.

through, C. L. Mandaianum, two specimens, C. Devonianum, nearly

feet

two

through, and

many

others, in excellent

Zygopetalum

Mackayi was in fine flower, a large healthy specimen of Coelogyne Dayana grandis was maturing its long slender pseudobulbs, and quantities of Dendrobiums were finishing up good canes on every side. Among the fine specimens and rare varieties were noted the following D. Dalhousianum, D. Falconeri giganteum, D. Farmed, D. Griffithianum Guibertii, D. Richardii, D. ochreatum (Cambridgeanum), D. x Roeblingianum (Ruckeri X nobile), D. x Schneiderianum iFindlayanum X aureum) with growths
:

of over a foot long,

D. suavissimum, D. Huttonii, D. x splendidissimum

grandiflorum, D. nobile Cooksoni, D. veratrifolium, D.

Wardianum album,

with growths over two feet long, &c.

Adjoining this

is

another cooler house well stocked with finely grown

Lycastes, Dendrobium
four feet
varieties.

Wardianum, ripening up canes between

three and

long,

and a superb collection of Laelia autumnalis and L. anceps Among the latter were quantities of varieties alba (true), DawPercivaliana,

soni,

Hilliana,

Sanderiana

in

quantity,

Schrcederiana,

and

324

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

Crawshayana were
of Miltonia
fine

Williamsii, L. autumnalis alba, L. Gouldiana, and L. x

each represented by a

specimen,

in

spike.

fine plant

Schrcederiana was doing nicely suspended in a basket.

We were

next ushered into a

warmer department occupied

principally

by Vandas, a shelf forty feet long of Calanthes, with pseudobulbs often six
inches or more long, and the

warm growing
was
in

Cvpripedia, which embrace

in various stages

many hundred
ofC. x

plants, species,

and hybrids, with seedlings

of development.

C. Charlesworthii

flower in variety, a fine specimen

which we noted the following fine forms as we passed through : C. Chamberlainianum, in variety, C. Dayanum, C. Elliottianum, C. prsestans, C. Stonei, a specimen over three feet through, C, x Alice, C. x Allenianum, C. X Arthurianum pulchellum, C. x conco-Lawre, C. x De Witt Smith, C. x Hurrellianum (Curtisii x Argus), a very handsome hybrid with large drooping heavily
carried seven large spikes, besides

M organise

spotted petals, C. x

x Josephianum (Druryi x javanicosuperbiens), C. x Leeanum superbum in an eighteen inch pan, C. x microchilum, C. x macropterum, C. x Marshallianum, X Mrs. Warren Hooke, C. x Niobe in variety, C. x Robinsonianum, and many
imperiale, C.

others,
S.

Among

Selenipediums we observed S. reticulatum, a

its

fine

form of

X grande, and

variety macrochilum.
feet across,

Ccelogyne pandurata two

fine

and Bollea
in

ccelestis alba

were each
in flower.

specimens doing nicely, though not

bloom.

The Vandeae were

represented by

many well-grown

plants,

though very few were

Saccolabium cceleste carried two fine spikes of chaste blue and white flowers, a few Vanda tricolor were blooming to perfection, and suspended at the end of the. house was a fine basket of V. Sanderiana with four healthy
growths and as

many

fine spikes,
effect.

containing

in all forty

buds and expanded

blooms, producing a grand

The Cattleyas occupy a house sixty feet long, these are Mr. Roebling's pets, and neither money nor pains have been spared to make this a leading collection. It excels in albino forms, and among them we noticed Cattleya
Aclandise alba (a recent addition), C. choccensis alba, C. Eldorado virginalis,
C.

Gaskelliana alba, with four leads, C. intermedia alba, four leads, C.

alba, C. Mendelii Bluntii, C. Mossiae alba, four leads, C.

Lueddemanniana M. Reineckiana,

several plants, C.

Skinned

alba,

Trianse alba and C.

T. virginalis, a large plant with nine spathes, C. Schrcederse alba, five leads, Lselia Perhnii alba, L. purpurata Mandaiana, and many others.

Many fine many spikes,

sorts

were flowering.

C. Alexandras
three- to

often

two

feet

long and

was well represented by five-flowered, the waxy

cinnamon-coloured sepals and petals, and soft rose-lilac lip, giving them a pleasing combination. C. labiata was at its best, many dozen blooms being
fully

expanded, varying to some

well, in

extent

in

each

plant

represented.

Walkenana was showing

many

instances the plants were blooming

THE ORCHID RE VIEW.

from the leaf-growths.
surpassed

325

remarkable sight was a plant of C. x Hardyana with twelve fully expanded flowers, while C. x H. Roeblingiana, which
it

in

point of beaut}

was represented by a
fine

fine

specimen.

A
The

group of C. Bowringiana presented a

collection
is

sight in

its

many

varieties.

rich in forms of C. Rex, C.

;

x Hardyana, and C. Dowiana, and

best

many

are very striking

distinct, with

C.

Dowiana Roeblingiana being among the

and most

tawny crimson sepals and petals and an intense

maroon lip. C. Mossiae Hardyana superba, said to surpass the variety Massangeana; C. M. shorthillense, a rich dark form; C. Warscewiczii
Lageriana, in which the sepals and petals are dark rose, and the usual
yellow spots of the
lip

absent

C. velutina, C. Dormaniana, and

numerous
its

others added to the richness of the display.

Suspended
varieties

in

small

baskets were a fine

lot

of Laeiia

pumila and

Dayana and Roeblingiana,

was
also flowering well.
Laelio-cattleya

this latter very fine

and
tips

rich, the bright

rose-coloured flowers expanding five inches between

Perrinii

of

petals.

L.

x Novelty van Trentonense, a cross between Laeiia pumila and L.-c. x elegans Turned was very striking, also L.-c. X x e. Turner t, L.-c. x e. Greyana, with a bright orange throat, L.-c. Epidendrum myrianthum Phcebe, a fine plant, and L.-c. x Arnoldiana.

The new

album, two
spikes

fine plants,

a group of Coslogyne ocellata, with

in

many dozen
variety were

of their white

and yellow flowers, and Miltonias

noticed

among

the myriads of good things represented.

is

Part of a shelf in this house

also devoted to the cooler

Cypripediums

such as C. x
villosum,
C.

Harrisianum, numerous choice varieties of C. insigne, C.

Boxallii,

&c,

also

Selenipedium

leucorrhodum, S.

x
the

Schrcederae, and others of the S. X Sedeni group.

The house

is

equipped with top and bottom ventilators, the latter

in

shape of loopholes four inches square, through the brickwork over the pipes. These holes may be opened or closed at will by a lever a very useful appli;

which modifies the heat leaving the pipes, ensures a good circulation, ance and thus prevents a stagnant atmosphere. Open cloth shading elevated
above the glass
Orange, X.J.
is

used to break the solar rays and prevent scorching.

Robert M. Grey.

_____
POGONIA SPECIOSA.

very distinct and striking Orchid has appeared in the collection of F.

Hardy, Esq., Tyntesfield, Ashton-on-Mersey (gr. Mr. Safford). It is the old Cleistes speciosa, Gardner, a representative of a small American group which has been reduced to a section of Pogonia by Reichenbach. It
appeared
in

a large

imported clump of Laeiia purpurata, and has

now

326

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

first

flowered, perhaps for the

feet

time
the

in

Europe.

It

is

erect,

about four

high,

with

something

of

habit of an
leaves,

Epistephium,

and bears

alternate,

ovate-oblong, glaucous

and two or three large purple

flowers at the apex, which remain fresh for about five days.

They may

be compared with those of a large Bletia in general appearance, the sepals

and petals being two and three-quarter inches long. It is a native of Brazil, and was discovered by Gardner in moist, shady places near Natividade and Arrayas in the province of Goyaz, though it has also been met with in
the Organ Mountains and elsewhere.
this particular group, but the present
is

About

thirty species are

known

of

the only one in cultivation.

DIES ORCHIDIAN^.
being struck with their brilliancy, as compared with a few years ago, a
result

which

is

largely due to the introduction of

I

some two

or three

showy

species in quantity.
labiata and

naturally allude to those charming plants Cattleya

Dendrobium Phalaenopsis, and now Cypripedium Charlesworthii

little
its

appears, to add variety to the effect, though this evidently flowers a

earlier

than

two

brilliant

compeers, and perhaps

in this respect

may

be

classed with Cattleya. Rex, another

handsome acquisition which at present is far less common. And we have a number of beautiful hybrids which may be mentioned in this connection, which if not common individually are rapidly becoming so in the aggregate, and each season adds to. the number.
It is

evident that in a few years

we
"

shall have

a.

large accession of these

autumn-blooming forms, which

will

add

still

further to the attractiveness of

our collections at this dull season.

Triumphs of Mr. Dominy's misplaced ingenuity," my dear old friend Serapias called them in his Dies Orchidiance " Hybridise everything else, if you will, but spare oh of thirty years ago. spare the Orchids."
But

still

the hybridists pursued their relentless course, and our collections

to-day are the richer in consequence,. What the effect would be if all the hybrids were suddenly banished is something too awful to contemplate.

And

development within the next few years, especially in such a genus as Cypripedium. Some of these have already such complex parentage, and the blood of the various species is becoming so mixed by intercrossing, that new variations are sure to appear, and this,
together with the increased opportunity of eliminating undesirable qualities by selection, is sure to yield some important results. Cypripedium X cenanthum, x Pollettianum, and x Moensii furnish indications of what may be

I,

for one, anticipate a great

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

anticipated during the next few years,
if

3^7

our hybridists pursue their experiin the past, as they

ments with the same energy and perseverance as

every appearance of doing,

have

Cypripedium insigne is now beginning to flower for the season, and I wonder whether there are any more surprises in store. I make the remark
in allusion to the

developments of the

last
I

few years, since the introduction

hear some rumours of a white
for surprises,
still
it is
I

of

the

so-called

"montanum"
is

type.

variety,

and while one

to

some extent prepared

scarcely expect to see this particular variety just yet.

However,
past

not

safe to prophecy, especially after the experiences of the

few years,

when

good old autumn bloomer has suddenly developed an amount ot variation which was altogether unlooked for, but none the less welcome on
this

that account.

x\nd this leads

me

to

speak of the lecture on "

How

to

Popularise

Orchid Culture/' given by Mr. E. H. Woodall the other day. If we had a few more Orchids which would succeed as well in an ordinary greenhouse as

Cypripedium insigne, we should soon have a great accession to the ranks of Orchid growers. I known several whose sole claim to the title rests on the
possession of a plant
or

two of this good old species, which flower as

regularly as the season comes round.

Would

that

we had

a few

more

Here also I look to the hybridist Orchids with such good constitutions. for help, as it seems net improbable that the list of greenhouse Cypripediums might be increased
if

experiments were made in the right direction.

in

The

beautiful hybrid Disas

which have been so much

evidence of late
list

are also pre-eminently greenhouse Orchids, and a few additions to the

would,

think, materially hasten the realisation of Mr. Woodall's praise-

worthy desire to see their culture extended to those modest establishments where the accommodation does not extend beyond an ordinary greenhouse

and a cold frame.

Argus.

CATTLEYA

VICTORIA-REGINA.
in the stock of this beautiful Cattleya.
ser. 2,
ii.

We

may soon hope

to see

an increase

Messrs. Sander remark (Reichenbachia,

crossed C. labiata with C.

8g) " Last year (1893) we Leopoldi pernambucensis, and may soon prove
p.

the theory of C. Victoria-Regina being a natural hybrid or not.

We
is

cannot

agree with the idea at present, as according to our views there

either in flower, bulb, leaf, growth, or season of

nothing

blooming

to

show us that
its

our new Cattleya

is

a hybrid."

We

are glad to learn that

supposed


328

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

though we fear that the above remarks
based upon evidence which has proved unreliable.

origin has thus been put to the test, are

The published

figures are

and thus are incorrect so far as habit is concerned, while the original flowering in May, 1892, was certainly abnormal delayed through importation for two authentic plants already mentioned in these pages have both flowered in the autumn. Our

made up with the help

of C. Leopoldi,

page 293 afford conclusive evidence that the plant does possess precisely that combination of characters which it ought to have if our

remarks

at

theory of

its

origin

is

correct.

HYBRID ODONTOGLOSSUMS.
[Continued from page 201.)

Odontoglossum
hybrid which
of a plant
I

Lindleyano-triumphans. The
is

first

trace

of

this

have discovered

the account published by Reichenbach

which flowered in the establishment of Mr. W. Bull, of Chelsea, in 1888, to which the name of O. x dicranophorum was given. It was described as a highly interesting Odontoglossum, conjecturally a hybrid, " and one cannot help thinking of Odontoglossum triumphans, notwithstanding the narrow floral envelopes, and in order to lessen ones perplexity

one

may

think of O. Lindleyanum.

,!

The

sepals are light yellow, with

two

large

brown areas, and the petals similar, but with one brown area in the middle and some brown spots at the base. The lip is adnate to the column
at the base, light

supposed

yellow with a brown area in the middle, The crest is to resemble " an old-fashioned two-pronged fork," whence the
are square
I

name.
think

The column wings

it

and toothletted, and the plant

like a

well-developed O. Pescatorei.

have not seen an authentic specimen, but

must belong here. The same year a plant appeared with Messrs. James Veitch and Sons, of Chelsea, which was supposed to be a form of O. triumphans with narrow segments. The characters of O. Lindleyanum, however, may be very clearly
In 1891 a plant appeared with Messrs. F. Sander and Co., St. Albans,

which

described as a natural hybrid between these two species, under the

name
0.
to

of

O. X Godseffianum.

It is precisely

intermediate between them in

It is

every respect, and a decidedly

handsome form.

darker in colour than

x dicranophorum, to judge by the be forms of the same hybrid. The following are the references
:

description of that, yet both appear

to

published

descriptions

of

this

hybrid

Card. CJiron., 1888,

i.

pp. \\o, 360.


THE ORCHID REVIEW.
interesting

3*9

Odontoglossum, which made

of

its

appearance

in

1S87,

in

the
to

establishment

the

New

Bulb Company, Colchester, and was sent

Reichenbach by Dr. Alexander Wallace, who believed it to be a hybrid between O. Lindleyanum and O. tripudians. It was described under the

name

of O.

X Staurastrum.
lip

It

was compared

to

0. Lindleyanum with
I

broader segments, light yellowish green in colour, blotched with brown

and the stalked

crest,

with a three-lobed blade, sepia-brown

leaves, while

in
;

front of the

and some mauve stripes and spots between the low keels
the
like those of O. tripudians.
its
I

the column

nearly that of O. Lindleyanum, also the

pseudobulbs
in

were round,
In

have not seen the individual

the

question, but believe

parentage

is

correctly described.

May,

1889,

plant

flowered

with

Liverpool

Horticultural
a

Company, Garston, near Liverpool, which Lindleyanum in the shape and colour of the
colour of the
lip,

closely

resembled

dark O.

sepals and petals, though the

all
its

and

details of the crest

and column wings,

showed the
origin

same approach
parentage.

to

O. tripudians, which clearly indicates

and

In June, 1890, another form appeared in the collection of M. A.

Van

Imschoot, of Mont St. Amand, Gand, which

with this parentage, under the
overlooking
its

described as a natural hybrid

name

of O.

x Imschootianum, completely
It
is

earlier

name

of

O. X Staurastrum.

lighter in colour

than the preceding, though clearly a form of the same hybrid. In October, 1891, another form appeared in the establishment of Messrs.
F. Sander and Co., St. Albans, in which the shape and colour of the
lip,

and

the fimbriate column wings

all

have more of the character of O. tripudians,

though the narrow sepals and petals and some other details all show the same unmistakable evidence of O. Lindleyanum, which was evidently the
other parent.

The
hybrid
:

following

are

references

to

the

published

descriptions

of

this

There are two other Odontoglossums from the same region whose hybrid origin is almost beyond doubt, though, unfortunately, the same
cannot be said respecting their parentage.

These may now be considered.

Odontoglossum x Murrellianum. This originally appeared in the collection of W. Burnley Hume, Esq., at Winterton, Norfolk, in 1S75, in a lot of imported O. Pescatorei, and was named after that gentleman's
was described by Reichenbach as a natural hybrid between O. nobile (Pescatorei) and O. nsevium. The influence of the former is undoubted, but the latter grows far away, in the Santa Martha
gardener,

Mr.

Murrell.

It

33

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

it

Mountains, where
sight
of,

was

collected by Schlim, though the fact has been lost

of
this species with

owing
is

to the confusion

0. gloriosum.

O.

naevium

therefore quite out of

the question, and the only alternative

seems

suggest O. gloriosum as possibly the other parent, for that species grows in the same district, and would account for the peculiarities
of the hybrid quite as well as

to be to

O. naevium.

The
having

fact is

it

resembles O.
all

nobile so

much

in its

more

essential features that

It differs in

it is

not at

easy to

fix

the other parent with certainty.

much

narrower, rather

longer segments, and a less pandurate

crest
tips

lip,

with the front portion of the

approaching the structure of O. gloriosum and its allies, while the of the column wings are also slightly prolonged, showing the same
the collection of

influence.

few years later a second plant appeared Bockett, Esq., of Stamford Hill, chiefly differing
the
lip

in
in

J.

S.

having the front lobe of

more elongated and acute, and the sepals and petals slightly margined with a light purplish tint, whence it was called variety cinctum.
Should other plants appear hereafter they may show more character of the second parent, and thus clear up its origin.
of

the

The
this

following are references to published descriptions and a figure of

hybrid:
i.

Odontoglossum X Murrellianum, Rchb. in (/'-v. Man. Orch, \. p. 7S Gartenflora, xxxi. p. 3 53, t noi.

r.Y

-;.

>

,';:-.

/'.//,

Odontoglossum x Cookeanum. This

in the collection of

is

a single plant which appeared

Malcolm C. Cooke, Esq.,

of Kingston Hill, in

November,

1S91, and received an

It

Award

of Merit

from the Royal Horticultural Society.

of the parents, as

was

received with O. blandum,

which was probably one

lip,

the shape of the flower, particularly of the

are in close agreement.

and spotting of the segments

have come from O.

On

the other hand, the ground colour of the sepals

and petals

is

bright

yellow,

which

think must
lip

triumphans, to which the crest of the

bears a decided approach, which

would further account for the flower being enlarged to the size of O. Lindleyanum, or rather more, and the elongated column. The lip, however, is free at the base, and the wings of the column are much more like the other supposed parent. I cannot find any other combination which
accounts so well for the characters of the plant, and the two supposed parents both occur near Ocana, though I have not found any record o 1 their growing intermixed, which is not surprising, considering how little
information of this kind
is

on record.

The following

is

the original reference

in

:
C/iron., 1891.
ii.

Odontoglossum X Cookeanum, Rolfe

Card.

p.

6q6.


THE ORCHID REVIEW.

NOTES ON ORCHIDS

IN

THE JUNGLE.

used to be the
small range of

home
hills

of Calanthe rosea (Limatodes rosea, Lindl.).

This

used to be covered with thousands of these plants, and

On my
carted

last

trip

down

the

Amherst road

found the road lined with

houses and

fruit

gardens, and the limestone hills were being broken up and

away

for the

purpose of making lime, so that not a trace of the

hills

former beauties of these

aroids, were quite

remained, and the rocks, which used to be

rare

covered with Orchids, and

many

and choice begonias, balsams, and

denuded of plants, and the whole character of the place

to find the

was completely altered. It was here that I used

charming Dendrobium cuspidatum,

I

which, with the exception of a few plants that

brought home myself,

have never seen in England, and these have since died. This Dendrobium It blooms in the middle of is one of the few that flower on the new growth.
the rainy season, and all the

new green

leafy

growths are covered with

numerous white flowers tinged with light green, and seen in a mass it is In Moulmein it is often cultivated on the oval husk a very pretty Orchid. of a cocoanut, and hung up in the verandah, when it presents quite a ball of
flowers.

The

old locality of Calanthe rosea not affording any plants,

proceeded up

stone hills in that district, and was soon delighted to find

my

old friend

growing luxuriantly, and the rocks covered with many other beautiful things, notably balsams and some very charming begonias, with leaves like
the collectors in
;

If

Moulmein would only go out themselves what treasures

would they find but they confine themselves, as a rule, to sitting in Moulmein, and sending the natives out to collect already well-known plants. In this district also grows Habenaria Susanna. It seems an extraordinary
thing that this fine old Habenaria should only recently ^August 2S, 1S94;

have been brought before the Orchid Committee

Society for a Certificate.
I

of the

Royal Horticultural
in flower in

have seen whole beds of

difficulty of
It is best

it

Moul-

mein, and
collectors

can only suppose that

it

transport prevented the

from bringing
description
it

home
it

before.

known

in

England from
orientalis,

Wight's
no
the

of

in

his

Icorns plantarum India

flowered
in

but

doubt

has

before

this

been
is

some of our botanical

gardens.
plant

This

supposition
in

correct.

Ed.]

Blume

also

mentions

as being found

the

Indian Archipelago,

and Mr. Sander

3$2

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

me
to

informs
still

that his collectors have recently found

the plant in islands

more

the westward, so that the plant must be

I

much more widely

it

distributed than has hitherto been supposed.

have met with

both

in

was always a great delight to come across a group of it. It is found in very warm, sheltered, moist places. It is too soft and succulent a plant to grow under any other conditions, and should do well in a shady corner in the stove. The flowers are not always pure
it

India

and Burmah, and

white,

have found spikes of

it

with a dash of green, but

all

the varieties

are beautiful.

Beyond Trenkla, on the opposite side of the river, Dendrobium luteolum abounds I generally found it growing on the bushes within easy reach. In
;

its

native habitat the plant

is

of rather a straggling nature, in

consequence

of its

throwing out numerous side shoots. It grows on the top of the bushes, freely exposed to light and air, and spreading itself out by its atrial roots until it forms quite a mass. In this locality, even during the short dry season, the fogs along the delta of the river are dense, so that, however much the sun

may

affect the plant

during the day,

found this plant far from the river, heat and moisture. This gives us a hint as to the best mode of cultivating it in England. The country on either side of the river is a very hot district.

plumps up again at night. I never and it is clearly a plant that likes both
it

which ripens the summer growth, causing the stems to lose their foliage, at the same time that the night dews keep the roots alive and the plants plump. It may here be remarked that I have never found epiphites in the low country in situations where the air was always dry day and night. Higher up a few hundred feet Orchids are found where the necessary condition of
is

There

a short dry season during the winter

humidity

is

absent, but in such cases the night temperature

is

very low, not

high, as in the low-lying plains.

Although limestone
varieties of

abound in the neighbourhood of Moulmein, the Orchids growing on them are not very numerous. Calanthe
hills

vestita in its

many

varieties

is

found

in

various places

in

abundance, and

occasionally a seedling of exceptional beauty turns up among them. A few botanical curiosities are found on the stunted bushes, but few Orchids grow on the rocks themselves, which are more generally found covered with

numerous bright balsams and begonias. I must not pass the district of Trenkla over without mentioning, for the benefit of future collectors, a beautiful Renanthera which I found there a remarkable plant with long banging leafy stems many feet long, producing
;

very long drooping spikes of yellow flowers barred with chocolate. It was a nice thing, but I failed to get the plant home alive. The flowers were sent to the late Professor Reichenbach, but he did not determine it.
a mistake to suppose that Moulmein is worked out. best man we ever had there, but even he collected very
It is

Parish

is

the

few of the ground

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

Orchids,

333

many

of

which are very

is

beautiful.

No

doubt the reason

why

these

have been neglected

that they flower at the beginning of the rains, and

it is

are therefore difficult to collect, as

I

not then very easy to get about

in

but

hope that some day we may get another enthusiast resident like Parish, who will work up the many beautiful plants still
visited

Moulmein
I

left.

only
the

Moulmein occasionally when

could get short

leave.
full

To do

Orchids of this place really well would involve at least a

residence there.

twelve-months

When

speaking of Amherst,
I

should have mentioned that when

first

went there

found Dendrobium Palpebral growing on the trees overhanging

the river in enormous masses.

On my

last visit not a trace of this

plant

remained, civilisation having quite denuded the

district

of

wild

plants.

Growing as this plant did when I saw heat and moisture to succeed well.

it, it

must be

a variety requiring

much

THE HYBRIDIST.
SOPHRO-CATTLEYA X EXIMIA.

A fourth member
appeared,

of

the interesting

little

group Sophro-cattleya has

It

and, as before,

Mr. Seden

is

the raiser.

was obtained by

crossing Cattleya Bowringiana with the pollen of Sophronitis grandiflora,

and received a First-class Certificate at the' Royal Horticultural Society's meeting at Chiswick on September 25th last. It closely resembles the pollen parent in habit, except that the pseudobulbs are ovoid in shape and
rather stout.
flower
is

The

leaves are solitary and under three inches long.

The
lip
is

very large, and fairly intermediate in shape, though the

much
plant

larger than in the pollen parent.

lip

The

sepals and petals are bright

purplish rose, and the

is

much darker with

is

a light yellow throat.

it

The whole

but a few inches high, and

its full

very beautiful, though

has evidently

not yet reached

development, as only a single flower was produced.

The

influence of the Cattleya parent, which has

many

flowers,

may

be more

apparent as the hybrid becomes stronger.

SOPHRO-L^LIA X

L.ETA.

A new
now be
been used

combination with the charming

little

Sophronitis grandiflora must

recorded, as the result of Mr. Seden's energy, that species having

in a cross

with Lselia pumila Dayana, the last-named being the

is

seed parent.

The

result

a very pretty

little

hybrid,

which was exhibited

by Messrs. Veitch at the meeting of the Royal Horticultural Society on October 9th, under the name of Sophro-cattleya x latta. We, however,
prefer to register
it

under the name which indicates

its

exact parentage, as

334
in

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

Although obviously undeveloped
promise, as from the nature of
it

the case of other generic crosses.

is

at
its

present, the hybrid

a plant of
it

much

parents

we

anticipate that

It is fairly

intermediate in

becomes stronger. character, the sepals and petals somewhat resemwill

improve considerably as

bling the Sophronitis parent in shape, but the colour a pleasing shade of
light-red pink, while the lip rather inclines to the

form of the La?lia parent,

the colour being

much deeper

rosy purple with a light yellow throat.

The

colour

is

very attractive, and decidedly

uncommon.

This

is

a very pretty hybrid, derived from Cattleya Harrisoniana % and

St.

C. Bowringiana $, for which Messrs. F. Sander and Co.,

gth

Albans, received

an Award of Merit at the Royal Horticultural Society's meeting on October

last.

The

sepals and petals are broad and of a very pleasing shade of

lip entire,

rosy purple, and the

yellowish-white on the disc but suffused with

All the parts are so broad as to

rosy purple near the margin.

flower quite round, and

make
in

the

when
is

the plant becomes stronger

it

will doubtless

produce several flowers,

1890, so that the plant the wife of D. S.

like the

two parents.
St.

The seed was sown

It is

June,

but

little

over four years old.

dedicated to

Brown, Esq.,

Louis, Missouri, U.S.A.

is

By

a slip
is

it

has been recorded as C. x Brownii, which

species to which this

inadmissible, as there

name has been

applied

(sec p. 170).

Cypripedium X cenanthum has just flowered in the collection of H. Little, Esq., The Barons, East Twickenham. It was obtained by crossing C. x Harrisianum nigrum with the pollen of C.
distinct variety of

Avery

insigne punctato-vioiaceum.

It

differs

from C. X cenanthum superbum

in

having the lower half of the dorsal sepal light green, distinctly spotted with purple-brown, the spots being arranged along the nerves, and thus somewhat in lines. The white margin is also broader, owing to the purple being
lighter

than usual and almost confined to the nerves, instead of being

suffused.

insigne
It is

Thus are more

it

is

a light coloured variety, in which the spots of C.

distinct than usual,

owing

to the smaller

amount

of purple.

very distinct and pretty.

able to record the appearance of another hybrid from L anceps, the plant having been exhibited at the Drill Hall, Westminstei

We

are

now

October 9 th, by C. Ingram, Esq., Elstead House, Godalming.

:

The

was L.
nbling those of the

small, the pseudobulbs

Dme

of

them bear two


THE ORCHID REVIEW.
leaves.

335

The

flower

is

three inches in diameter with rosy purple spreading

sepals and petals, and the lip

and striped with purple.

much like Though most

L.

purriila,

but the side lobes white

like L.

pumila generally, there are

It is

many

characters which

show

the influence of L. anceps.

very inte-

resting,

and promises

to be a

good thing when the plant becomes stronger.

CYPRIPEDIUM
A

MOEN
me

plant of this beautiful hybrid Cypripedium,

exhibited at the Royal Horticultural Society's

T. Statter, Esq., Stand Hall, Whitefield, Manchestei

of Merit.
J.

It

may

be

remembered
at

that
t.

it

is

the pla

Moens,

of Lede,

and figured

361 of the Lind

at

C. x

memoria Moensii
It is

a name which
to

pasre q&
for

proposed sho uld be simplified as above,

repeated here
.

reason s which
i
,

need not be
:areful exa mi-

known
t

have been a seedling from C, Spiceriam im,

,

but the othei r paren

was, ur ifortur lately, not recorded.

A
r.

nation of the plant, however, shows so

many
;

points of

nblance to C.
little doi
:!)

x cenanthum superb urn, both 1:: whence the pollen w as derived

.

the leaf and flower, as to lea ve

It
1

is

one of the brig litest

:

col

oured hybrids

yet obtained,

its

brig ht purple dorsa .1 sepal with darl

me diai n band/be:tag

particularly b rilliant.

CATTLEYA HARRISONIANA.
An
from
exceptionally fine variety of Cattleya

Harrisonian

in the collection of

R.

le

Dou
its

whom we

have received a flower, measuring four inches across

It is

broadest diameter and the petals over an inch broad.

flowering for

the second time after importation and carries nine spikes with over forty
flowers.

The

sepals and petals are deep rose-purple and the

lip

very ample,

with the very characteristic shape and

characterises this species.
cultivated under the
It is

ridges on the yellow disc

which
and
is

much

the finest form

we have

seen,

name

of Marlfield variety.

The

history of this

Cattleya has been very

much

confused.
(xxii.,

It
t.

was

originally described in the Botanical Register for 1836

sub.

1919),

by Dr. Lindley, as Cattleya Harrisoniana, being dedicated to Mr. Harrison.

It

was

said to be very near to C. Loddigesii, but to have the lip verrucose.

it

Two

years later

was

figured in Paxton's Magazine of Botany

iv.

p. 247,

with plate), the name being changed to C. Harmonise, with the remark. " know nothing of the history of this plant, any further than that it has

We

33$

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

in

been several years

place,
it

many orchideous
it

collections,

and originated

in the first

may

be presumed, in that of the late Mrs. Harrison."

There can

be

little

doubt, however, that

was one

of the plants sent

home by Mr.

William Harrison, a merchant residing

for

some time

at

Rio de Janeiro,

who

sent large quantities of Orchids to his brother and sister, Mr. Richard
at Liverpool

and Mrs. Arnold Harrison, whose collections

this period.

were famous about

is

said to

The plant alluded to was evidently a fine specimen, for it have made "this season no less than twelve good shoots, nine
upwards
183);
of

of

these have flowered, mostly with five good blossoms, which remained
or less perfect for
in

more

two months."
1844

Shortly afterwards

it

appeared
(Florist's

an enumeration of species by Mr. P. N. Don, as C. Harrisonii

1840,
(t.

Journal,

p.

while in

it

was
in

figured in

the

Botanical

Magazine
In

40S5) as C. intermedia var. variegata, from a plant sent from

Brazil by Gardner, which flowered at

Kew

May

of the previous year.

1845
i.

it

was
57,
of
t.

also figured under the

5)

name

of C. Papeinsiana (Ann. de
in the collection of

Gand,

p.

from a plant which flowered

Dr.

Van Aken, On the

Gand, Belgium.
it

other hand,

has been variously confused with C. Loddigesii,

lip

which, however, has more reflexed sepals and petals, which are usually of a
lighter colour,

and a broader
its

with smooth

disc.

In

fact,

the texture of

the flower, as well as

lobes of the
lip,

general appearance and the disposition of the side

are quite distinct, while the peculiarities are constant in

It is
it

a native of the
in

on trees growing
a:

Organ Mountain district, in Brazil, as Gardner found marshes at the foot of these mountains, in 1841, while
iected

Burchell,

good dried specimei

head of

the

region.

Thus

it

appear:

ely local species.

CATTLEYA
We

HARDYANA, COUNTESS OF DERBY.

have now received a flower of the magnificent Cattleya x Hardyana, Countess of Derby, described at p. 294. The front of the lip, including the

two yellow blotches

aurea.

at the side are

is

almost exactly as

in C.

Warscewiczii,

but behind this, on the side lobes,

the unmistakable veining of C.

Dowiana

The

petals also are short

fully establish its hybrid origin.

it

and broad, as in the latter, and these facts Although creamy-white when first opening,
is

soon becomes pure white, and this

as well as of

ters,

most remarkable characC. x Hardyana Statteriana, whose lip is so different from

its

one of

that of the present one.

Albinos of the parent species are excessively rare, which only increases the difficulty of accounting for their appearance as
hybrids, unless, indeed,
colours,
it

results from

some

peculiar blending of the two

which seems not improbable.

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

CYPRIPEDIUM
This
distinct

CONCO-LAWRE.

and very pretty hybrid has been mentioned in our pages o several occasions, and now we are able to present our readers with it portrait, taken from a flower kindly sent by Sir Trevor Lawrence, Bart i, whose collection at Burford, Dorking, it was raised by Mr. W. H. White who has long managed the Orchids there with so much success. It receivec an Award of Merit from the Royal Horticultural Society on February 14 1893, on the occasion of its flowering for the first time.

i
As
will be observed, the flower
is

most resembles the seed parent, though "its

is

whole shape

modified, and the dorsal sepal

of C.

veined with purple, in

which the influence

in habit,

Lawrenceanum

is

seen, as well as in the

markings

on other parts of the flower, and the shape of the staminode.

It is

dwarf

and the leaves are longer and broader than

in C. concolor,

and

Thus the The photoinfluence of C. Lawrenceanum is more apparent in the foliage. graph here reproduced was kindly taken by H. Little, Esq., The Barons,
beautifully marbled with dark green on a yellow-green ground.

ikenham.


333

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

NOTES ON THE FERTILISATION OF ORCHIDS

IN
At page

THE

TROPICS.
subject were given by Mr.

295 some interesting notes on this

Richard Pfau, of Costa Rica, though the results were somewhat negative,
so far as insects are concerned.

Others, however, have been more fortunate,

as will be seen by the following notes on that remarkable genus Coryanthes,

which supplement those recorded

article entitled

at

page 264 of our

in

last

volume.

In an

"The

Struggle for Life

the Forest," published in Timehri,

Mr. James Raodwy, F.L.S., has recorded some very interesting observations

made
"

in British

Guiana, from which we extract the following

Hanging from a creeper or branch," he remarks, " may be seen here and there an oval bag-like mass of aerial roots, something like one of the nests of
the troupials so

common on

the silk cotton-tree, above which are the pseudoAfter throwing

bulbs and leaves of that wonderful Orchid the Coryanthes.

out two or three roots to attach itself to

lacing network
sight
it

its

support,

it

develops an inter-

all

round, in a
to say

way almost

peculiar to the genus.

At

first

would be hard

trivance, but strike or

less

what purpose could be served by such a conshake the plant, and it will be seen that it is nothing

than a veritable ants' nest.

The Orchid

is,

like other plants, subject to

larvae,

the attacks of
ticularly fond

many
of the

foes,

such as cockroaches and

roots.

which are parthese,

aerial

To

protect

itself

against

the

Coryanthes has chosen to provide a comfortable nest, wherein a garrison

of carnivorous ants find shelter
;

they, in return for the accommodation,

being ready to
"

come out and

fight at the first

alarm of an enemy.

Having provided a guard against crawling vermin, the Coryanthes proceeds to develop a most wonderful flower, in which every part is obviously formed to attract a particular insect.
catch, without hurting
it,

...

It

has laid

itself

out to

a beautiful metallic-green bee (Euglossa aurata).

its

From

the base of one of

pseudobulbs, a long flower- stem

is

produced,

which pushes
cesses in

itself straight

beautiful cups, into each of

downwards. Upon this it hangs a number of which a liquid drips from two horn-like pro-

upper part of the flower. Take a china teacup with a spreading mouth, hang some little flags over the handle, and stick a model
the

of the figure-head of a Polynesian canoe opposite,

like

and you have something

one of them, as

it

opens

itself in

the early morning from a bud resembling

the swathing of a Chinese lady's foot.

The

species vary in colour and

markings, being generally whitish or yellow, blotched and spotted with crimson. Their odour, as judged by our standard, is not pleasant, but
nevertheless
it

is

very attractive to the bees, which immediately

swarm
wings,

round in great numbers.

the bee
is

Flying towards the flower, as a moth to a candle,

its

falls into

the liquid which covers the bottom, and wetting

unable to use them.

Look

into the cup,

and you

will see a

dozen bees


THE ORCHID REVIEW.
swimming round and round,
if it

339

or vainly trying to climb the slippery sides; and,

be the second day after opening, one or two

may be

seen drowned.

It

was

never the intention of the flower, however, that their lives should be sacrificed but, on the contrary, that they should escape, and in doing so perform the office for which the whole contrivance has been arranged.
;

Under the
the cup,
is

flags,

where the column comes near but does not actually touch narrow opening, through which the bee can push its way out.
it

In doing this

has to use sufficient force to widen the gap (which opens

out like a spring door),

ruptures
fly,
it,

when

and carries

off

comes in contact with the pollen-case, the male organ on its back. Not being able to
it

nothing to be done but to crawl over the flower-spike, where, heedless of its former trouble, it soon finds itself inside another flower. In
there
is

making
ovary

its

way

out, the pollen

after

fertilised,

which

it

masses are rubbed on the stigma, and the may carry out the pollen masses of this
Timchri, 1891, pp. 27-29.

flower in turn to fertilise another."

About two years

later the
:

author was able to supplement his former

observations by a further note

"another good opportunity of observing the wonderful contrivances by which the flowers of this Orchid are fertilised. At seven o'clock in the morning the buds were a trifle loose,
have
lately

"We

had," he observes,

and they must have opened about an hour later. seen round the fully-opened flowers, and an hour had been carried away.

At 8.30 the bees were

later every pollen
six to eight bees

mass
were

At the latter period from

continually hovering round, crawling under the dome-like appendage above and dropping into the trap below. Their green and gold bodies the cup
flashed
in the light as

they buzzed round; on one of them a pair of pollen

masses between the shoulders showed conspicuously against the metallic One that we watched go into the cup turned itself round and green back.
few seconds, and then, apparently seeing the light shining round for a where the column approaches the lip, commenced to drag through the gap The bottom of the cup was evidently spring-like opening. itself through the
slippery, and the insect
fell

back several times.

However,

at last

it

put

through and grasped the under lip, as we may call it, where both forelegs on either side of a single tooth. By holding thus it was there are two gaps push its head through, but the body still remained inside. About enabled to passed before it could get through entirely, and during that time it a minute
muscle, turning a little to this side and then to that, was straining every hold with one of its forelegs, and looking thoroughly taking a fresh Altogether it took about two minutes to it got through. exhausted when

had rubbed and broken the pollen masses on come out, and The pieces remained on the stigmatic surface. the ragged its back so that us most is how these bees, which we never see at problem which puzzles There was a perfume, but the flowers were open. other times, discovered
in its exertions

340
this

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

was not very strong.

No

bees

came

in the aft

L.c, 1893, pp. 169, 170. These remarks recall the observa
previously in Trinidad.

Speaking of
all

Coryanthes macrantha, Stanhopea grandiflora, and Gloxinia maculata, three having the same perfume, he remarks :

"... Some
in the

cellular tissue
lip of

hypochil of the

which these humble-bees gnaw off exists also Coryanthes macrantha. They are seen in great
for a place

numbers disputing with each other

on the edge of the hypochil.

Partly by this contest, partly perhaps, intoxicated by the matter they are indulging in, they tumble down into the bucket,' half-full of a fluid secreted by organs situated at the base of the column. They then crawl along in the
'

water towards the anterior side of the bucket, where there is a passage for them between the opening of this and the column. If one is early on the
look-out, as these

Hymenoptera
is

are early risers, one can see in every flower

how
its

fecundation

performed.

The humble-bee,
itself
fit

in

forcing

its

involuntary bath, has to exert

considerably, as the

way mouth

out of
of the

epichil
elastic.

and the face of the column

together exactly, and are very

stiff

and

The

first

bee, then,

which

is

immersed

will

have the gland of the

mass glued to its back. The insect then generally gets through the passage, and comes out with this peculiar appendage, to return nearly
pollen

immediately

generally precipitated a second time into the bucket, passing out through the same opening, and so inserting the pollen masses into the stigma while it forces its way out, and thereby impregnating either the same or some other flower. I have often seen this and sometimes there are so many of these humble-bees assembled that there
it

to its feast,

when

is

is

a^continual procession of

them through the passage specified." Crueger

widely diffused in tropical America, and as the

The genus Coryanthes

is

flowers are incapable of self-fertilisation we can easily see how important are the visits of the bees which we have just considered. In fact, the whole structure of these remarkable flowers is evidently arranged so as to secure the visits of the insects, and the consequent fertilisation of the flowers in the
particular

way

pointed out, and the fact should increase our interest in these

singular plants, which are too seldom seen in our collections.

CULTURE OF BOLLEAS AND PESCATOREAS.

note on the culture of these interesting plants, to which we called :ion at pages 14 and 277, appears in a recent number of the Reichent,

from which we condense the following remarks

THE ORCHID KEVIEU

no doubt that when the cul their allies is better understood they wil favourites, and that that day is not far di
is

There

of Pescatoreas, Bolieas, and

,

deemed

among

the greatest

the success which attends the efforts of n the conditions under which they occur in

lay safely be prophesied by

gn >wers who
-ild
ie

ca .refully follow

state.

on the trunks of trees, nea the ground, which is covered with decay*
other

perfect shade,

The 3
.-

base, generally not far from

>s,

and where mosses and

i

moisture-loving

plants

grow.

Ti

very equable
"i" ^hTsTshelte

throughout the year, and the daily varia; much less than in more exposed places. shady house, of a fairly even temperature,

'

Vs\ lould be giw vn in a moist ing from about ( >o to 700 the
iXVV Qg o\v. n

whole year round, and in hot weather a ligl ing and evening is beneficial. They may b

with the

s yringe

morn-

in pots or baskets in a

compost
they
will

of quite half living

sphagnum

th<

rest fibrous peat.

Both

bright sunlight and cold currents of air are

riou is,
\

succeed where Phalsenopsis do

and genera Lily spea kinn the Royal Gardens at

Herrenhausen, Hanover, they are hung up and have succeeded admirably for some fiftt

th< :

path of the Palm Stove, rs under the :are of Herr

(

Wendland.

HOW
The
being "

TO POPULARISE ORCHID-GROWING.

afternoon lecture at the Royal Horticultural Society's meeting on October gth was given by Mr. E. H. Woodall, of Scarborough, the subject

How

to Popularise Orchid-growing," the chair being taken by

Mr.

Douglas.
the
first

The

lecturer introduced

things required to

remarking that one of ensure success was observation, a few days of

his subject by
treat-

which would enable a gardener to see whether a certain position or ment given to a plant was suitable or otherwise. If Orchids were

to be

grown by the million, including those with only meagre house accommodation, a more thorough knowledge of the essential requirements of the plants was necessary. He had proved in his own garden that it was possible to grow a good number of Orchids with only one house and a frame, and to derive much pleasure from them. It was desirable that collectors should
describe the habitats of the plants they send home, giving particulars as to
climate, temperature, elevation, humidity,

&c, which would enable

at present occurs

culti-

vators to provide similar treatment to that which the different species enjoy
naturally, and prevent

much

of the

waste that

by tearing

these jewels from their native

homes and bringing them

here,

where

at

present so

many

die.

Cool Orchids have been so successfully grown by large growers, and long

houses are so frequently devoted

to

them, that the impression prevailed that

342

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

Many of them, however,
who had only one ordinary greenhouse commenced growing Orchids in a rather

without such houses success could not be attained.

could be grown well by amateurs

and a cold frame.

close

The

lecturer

and

stuffy fernery facing north, but

were adverse to their well-being.

covered with water.

He

soon found that such conditions then excavated to a depth of about

eighteen inches under a north wall, and concreted the bottom, which he

Over

this he placed a frame, standing the plants

on

inverted pots over the water.

Many
there

of the cool equatorial Orchids

little

from close

damp woods where

off entirely

was but

winter or

came summer, as we

know
lights

these seasons, and to imitate these conditions as far as possible the

during wet or dewy days and nights, but during dry days they were closed. The plants were put into this frame in

were taken

the late days of spring, and removed again at the end of September,
it

when

was found that they had recovered themselves greatly and made abundance

of roots.

an eastern aspect in the greenhouse, and each stood over a saucer of water, where they fared well until March, when canvas screens were required to protect them from the sun, then

They were then placed

in

beginning to obtain power.

plants grew

Afterwards,

when again put

into the frame, the

most of

away at once, and in September were remarkable specimens, them having healthy flower-spikes in their strong new growths.

The system proved remarkably successful, with the exception of the hot, dry season of 1893, when the absence of rain during the hottest period of the year made it extremely difficult to keep the plants cool and moist. The idea was to keep them as cool and moist as possible during our summer, when they were better able to stand the winter, neither extremes occurring
in their native

homes, where they were always cool and moist. Some of the species he found amenable to this treatment were Odontoglossums crispum,
Pescatorei triumphans, Rossii, also O.

x hebraicum and

others, while those

which enjoyed the summer treatment, but required a slightly warmer place than the cold greenhouse during winter were Odontoglossum grande and Epidendrum vitellinum. Certain modifications in the treatment had been
found necessary for other species, though for the most part such special
treatment was only required during part of the season.
doubtless appear in
cultivation of these

For these

details

our readers are referred to the Society's Journal, where the

full.

paper will

We

welcome any means

of

popularising the

charming

plants.

THE PICKERING LODGE ORCHID

The remaining
portion of the celebrated Pickering
sold by auction on October 16, 17,

SALE.
Lodge co
were

and

iS,

by Messrs. Protheroe
realised

when a

large

company was

present,

and the prices


THE ORCHID REVIEW.
343

exceptional, the different lots averaging between 3 and 4 each. The first two days' sale realised over 2,500, among the principal buyers being Mr.

F. Hardy, Mr. T. Statter, Mr. E. Ashworth, Mr. G. Ball, Messrs. Veitch, and other nurserymen. The best price realised was for Cypripedium insigne Sanderae (figured at page 41). It was a small healthy plant in a four-inch
pot,

which was purchased from Messrs. Sander by the

late

Mr. Hardy, a

fortnight before his death, for the

sum

of 100 guineas.

The bidding com-

menced
which
L.-c.

at

this particular figure

it

price

and ultimately reached 260 guineas, at was knocked down to Mr. F. Hardy. A fine plant of Laelioand a smaller one 7$ guineas, while

cattleya

bella fetched 150 guineas,

x callistoglossa went for 50 guineas. Cattleya Schrcederae alba was knocked down at 160 guineas, C. Mossiae Reineckiana (said to be the original X Hardyana in indifferent health at 70 guineas, while its variety Massaiana realised 100 guineas. A white Sobralia fetched 50 guineas, Laelia x Tresederiana superba 22 guineas, while other
choice things also fetched good prices.
of the collection,

plant) at 75 guineas, a plant of C.

These

facts indicate the character

;

ing

demand

for

and also the growchoice varieties among the rapidly increasing band of Orchid
indifferent things

which contained few

amateurs.

ORCHID PORTRAITS.
Aerides Savageaxum, Sander. Reichenbachia, t. 81. Angrjecum sesquipedale. Gard. World, Sept. 29, p. Anguloa x Madouxiana, L. Lind. Lindenia, t. 434.
7$, with
fig.

Arachxaxthe moschifera, Blume. Gard.

fig 55-

Chron.,

Oct. 13,

p.

435,

Broughtoxia saxguixea, R. Br.Orchid Album, t. 499. Cattleya labiata Foleyaxa. Orchid Album, t. 497. Cattleya Mossi.e var. Wambekeana.Lindcma, t. 433. Cattleya X Victoria-Regina, O'Brien.Reichenbachia, t. 85. Cycxoches Loddigesii, Lmdl. Lindenia, t. 436. Cypripedium x Adonis. Orchid Album, t. 500. Cypripedium Godefroy.e leucochilum.Lindenia, t. 431. Cypripedium x Lawrebel.Orchid Album, t. 498. Dendrobium Johxsoxle, F. Muell Gard. Chron., Sept. 22,
fig.

p.

339,

46.

Epidendrum (Diacrium) bicornutum. Gard.

337,
fig-

Chron., Sept. 22, pp. 336,

45t.

LiELiA autumxalis alba. Reichenbachia,

87.
t.

LiELIA PURPURATA

VAR.

COMTE DE MoSTEBELLO. Lindenia,

t.

435.

Miltoxia spectabilis Moreluna. Reichenbachia,

83.


344

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

MlLTOXIA SPECTABILIS MORELIANA ATROPURPUREA. Gard. Mag., Oct.
with
fig.

13, p. 617,

ODONTOGLOSSUM CORDATUM AUREYM.LillJcuia, t. 430. Odoxtoglossum CRISPUM var. Capartiaxum. Le Jardin, Aug.
175,
fig-

5,

p.

3-

Oxcidium Kramerianum, Rchb. i.Reichenbachia, t. 84. Odoxtoglossum Pescatorei var. Chaberle. Liudcnia, Scuticaria Keyssxeriaxa. >n*. of Hart., Aug. 3 o,
fig.

t.

432.

pp. 194, IQ5>

28.

This

is

the old S. Steelii.

SOPHRO-CATTLEYA X EXIMIA. Joum. of Hort., Oct. 4, p. 321, fig. 48. Sophro-cattleya x l.eta. Gard. Chron., Oct. 20, pp. 476, 477, fig. 63 (the figure misnamed S. X Batemaniana). Spathoglottis Kimballiana, Sander.RekJienbachia, t. 88. Trichocexteum tigrixum, Lind. and Rchb. LBot. Mag., t. 73S0. Zygopetallm (Pescatorea) Klap.ochorum, Rchb. 1RciJicnbdcliuu

CALENDAR OF OPERATIONS FOR NOVEMBER.

Temperatures. These should now vary from two
those given for last month.
to five degrees

below

The mention

of

November

is

not calculated to inspire Orchid growers

with hilarity, especially this season,

when comparatively dark and sunless weather has been already too common and now that we enter November our hopes that the autumn may compensate to some extent for the summer must die. Of course I refer to local conditions, which possibly may have been better elsewhere if not, the year 1894, now rapidly approaching its
;

end, must,
far as

think, be generally considered to have been unsatisiactory so

is
it

Orchid culture

concerned.

Bad, however, as no
ill

has been, there

is

one redeeming feature.

I

It

has had

effects

on cool-house Orchids, which,

am

pleased to observe, seem to

have been quite contented with existing conditions, and have put on strong healthy growth, and we may hope to get a gay show of flowers in due time. Odontoglossums in this house are sometimes attacked during the winter

months by spots

of mildew,
first,

which appear on the under surface

of the leaves.

They
away,

are small at
if

mould, which
leave

but soon spread, and become circular patches of allowed to remain for only a short time before being cleaned
spots
of a yellowish
is

behind them irremovable

of this pest indicates that

hue.

The

appearance

something

wrong with the atmoit

spherical conditions of the house, and although sponging removes

for the

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

time,
it

34

soon reappears

if

the conditions remain unchanged.

This spot

is

during the autumn, and sometimes even

in

winter, periods of exceedingly

occur, and at such times

damp, and,
if

at the

same time, very mild weather

the doors and ventilators, both top and bottom, should be opened wide, and the side lights directly opposite the plants are constructed so as to admit
it,

of

they should be partly opened too.

is

This

the time for foggy weather.

The pure

fogs of the country are in

no way injurious, but those in the neighbourhood of large towns are so charged with smoke and various chemical fumes, which are unable to pass away, that vegetation is seriously handicapped. Under these circumstances it is not at all surprising that when this modern giant swoops down upon
our plants, the flowers and flower-spikes are stricken, and even the foliage of some species is likewise affected, more especially if very dry at the root,
or the atmosphere of the house very
plants which are moist
at the

much
I

parched.

My

experience

is

that

time of a heavy fog do not suffer so

much

as

those that are very dry, and therefore

should be guarded against at

sufficient

would recommend that drought such times, that the ventilators be closed, and
to

warmth maintained
it is

mitting,
soft

Time percause a genial temperature. plan to sponge the leaves of Orchids with clear an excellent

water when the fog has passed away. all departments will now require to be done once or twice Damping-down in outside conditions. Should the weather be damp a day, in accordance with the but should the that during the morning and mild, once will suffice, and a good amount of flre heat, twice a day weather be such as to necessitate though here again we must be guided by not be too much
;

will

probably

preference to closed

have previously recommended circulate up between the plants, in houses, so that the air can freely Orchid moisture-retaining material, such as shingle, stages with
I

ordinary open greenhouse stage for the

former case damping between or shell-gravel placed on them, though Then again the in the latter. the pots is more frequently needed than hard material, such as concrete, floor of one house may be composed of some in the nature of ordinary soil. in another it may be ashes, or something generally than the former, as latter kind of floor in my opinion is better The
in the

the moisture arising therefrom

is

more

regular and better for the plants.

been the most affected by the Cattleyas and Dendrobiums have perhaps Cattleyas are late, some in the formaamount of sunshine this year. small flowering, and all require more pseudobulbs and others in
tion
of

their

artificial

warmth than
in

is

usual at this season.

artificial

This will assist them to

some extent

maturing:

can never quite make up for heat

deficiency of sun heat.

346

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

Dendrobiums undoubtedly flower much more freely when the newgrowth is completed early, so that there is still time, before the sun has lost its power, to thoroughly mature and ripen it, so that next year they will probably not be quite up to their usual standard of excellence, which is very unfortunate, though unavoidable. I am not an advocate under any circumstances of squeezing out of
flowers

Dendrobiums the greatest possible number of

It
is

by severe resting.
for
it

not altogether a system to be lightly

recommended,

frequently happens that

when

plants are so severely

in supporting so

rested, coupled with the great strain

upon the plants

many

flowers, reduces

them

to

several years of skilful

such a state of utter exhaustion as to necessitate culture to bring them back again to health and
it

vigour.

For instance,
last

is

quite possible by giving

rest, to

nobile class a very long

and excessively dry

Dendrobiums of the make them produce flowers

but not quite

from the

made pseudobulbs ; very

pretty, of course,

natural or reasonable, and as a consequence the piper has to be paid, sometimes, perhaps, very dearly.
is

When the

season of growth arrives the mischief

apparent, and one such short growing season as

we have

just passed

through does not by any means remedy the evil. I would therefore advise growers not to go to extremes in this respect, but rather to be content with
a moderately well-bloomed plant, for such moderation
satisfactory in
is

sure to prove

more

do not, however, depreciate the great value of sufficient rest and repose, which must be given in order to ensure
the

long run.

success, as in previous Calendars

to the

have mentioned

it

more
is in

fully in respect

requirements of the various species.

a
in

When
difficulty

new

species of Orchid

is

introduced there

most cases some

getting a clue as to
for

its

proper culture, and as a guide the

its

growers anxiously inquire

better

news concerning

natural habitat.

The
or,

persons most likely to be able to give that information are the importers,
still,

the collector, which latter should be in the best position to give

such details as could at once be turned to practical and profitable account.

Should the collector chance to be a really practical Orchid grower at home, well knowing the behaviour of some species under glass, he would be more
likely to furnish

such details as would render

artificial

culture less trouble-

some, than one knowing nothing of cultural matters.

collector

We

have already one

who

is

likewise a good grower, sending to the

Orchid Review

from time to time valuable information, principally on the habitats of

Dendrobiums, and
other species
intractable.
fail to

if

others could be induced to do likewise with respect to

yet conquer

we might

others which have hitherto proved

Observations taken on the spot where the plants grow could not
it

be most useful, but in most instances

of the district,

is

either not given at all or

only in the most meagre and indefinite fashion.

The
;

native country, the

;

name

and the number of

feet

above sea

level, is a great help

likewise any

news respecting the dry and rainy seasons

the average tempera-

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

ture
;

347

whether growing

in

shade or

in the
;

sun, on trees or rocks, on the

soil,

ground or by the sides of streamlets

information
to
is

the nature of the

is

&c.

Such

always instructive, and when forthcoming

I

of material aid
it

Orchid growers who stay at home, and

even

see no reason

why

should not

be given in detail.
districts,
in

Those who are acquainted with

will

hilly or

mountainous

England,

not have failed to observe the difference in

temperature of districts not far apart.

At some points the breeze seems

always fresh, at others a certain calmness prevails, although the wind

heard to roar
in the distance.

maybe

These

differences are caused by peculiarities

in the aspect or

surroundings of the locality, and are accompanied by certain

differences in the temperature.

Here
in a

a herb or shrub

grows luxuriantly,

while there
in the

it

looks starved and stunted, and no doubt the

same thing occurs

more marked degree. Some collectors affirm that frost actually occurs where some of our Vandas, Cattleyas, Leelias, and Odontoglossums grow; but from practical experience I have found it is not only best to keep away the frost, but still safer to keep them
case of Orchids

perhaps

30 above freezing point according to the species. Laelia majalis does not with me endure nearly such a low degree as L. autumnalis, though both should be wintered in the Mexican house, the
io, 20, or

former being suspended near the glass in the warmest part, and kept pretty Other Lselias like anceps and Gouldiana must not be kept too dry dry. Cattleya citrina is also best suspended at until after they have flowered.
the warmest
part, or
it

is

apt to spot

it

requires but

little

water during

Ccelogyne cristata

is

best for a cool and long rest in a dry atmosphere,

with the damping of the flower spikes will then occur as no difficulty

and P. maculata are now showing flower buds, which Pleione lagenaria Keep the compost slightly moist until the cool house. expand well in the after which give none, or the flowers will rapidly go flowers begin to open,
off.

root,

and C. x Veitchii should be kept just moist at the Calanthe vestita place in the warmest house until the flowers open. and given a light and water may be entirely withheld
for intervals

Thunias are now dying off, of a month. will be in bloom this month, including the Many beautiful Cypripediums Spicenanum, and their numerous hybrids; many varieties of C. insigne, Schlimii, and the hybrids arising from also Selenipedium longifolium, S. hybrids are often recommended for Many of the above species and them.

cool-house culture, but

all,

insigne and S. Schlimii are really including C.

better for intermediate temperatu

!

accustomed
for the

the last

named

in the cool

house

summer, but

this year

ha

kept

it

corner in the Mexican house, with better results. in a shady

Dendrobium Phalaenopsis, and its allies, v The value of a good batch of must be kept in a warm temperature, this month be appreciated; they

343

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

off

the flowers are apt to go

quickly, and the buds to open slowly, thus

also depends on the pureness of the

causing a poor display.

Much

atmo-

sphere, which should not be neglected, as they are lovely

when the whole

I

spike of bloom remains in perfection for a time.

Cattleya Bowringiana
think the truss
is

is

useful during this dull

month, though

often

not sufficiently large to compensate for the smallness of

the individual flowers.

trusses.

Plants grown near the glass produce the largest

as an

Though valuable

autumn bloomer,

it

has been somewhat

eclipsed by the re-introduction of the beautiful C. Iabiata, to

which we now

look for the chief display of the month.

Disas should
care to get

now

be removed from the cold frames and housed, taking

light in a

them near the

temperature ranging from 40 to 50

Satyriums also require the same treatment.

Laslia Crashleyana,

mentioned

in

last

month's Calendar, should reod

L. Lucasiana.

CONTINENTAL NOTES.
By Ch. DE Bosschere.

At
at

the recent meeting of the

Gand, M. Jules Hye

syndicate des horticultures beiges, series of very beautiful Orchids Cattleya exhibited a

Chambre

Schilleriana, C. Leopoldi pernambucensis, Lselio-cattleya exoniensis, Odontoglossum grande, and Cypripedium X Albertianum.
Iabiata, C.

The Orchideene,

of Brussels,

has recommenced

its

monthly meetings,
beautiful series of

after the recess, at the Horticulture Internationale.

Cattleya Iabiata and C.

Messrs. Linden
;

Dowiana was

exhibited by Dr. Capart and by

the latter also contributing a fine C.

Dowiana
;

Statteriana,

with a large amount of yellow on the sides of the

;

lip

a fine dark Cypri-

pedium Charlesworthii three fine examples of Catasetum Bungerothii, one raceme bearing as many as thirteen flowers Cattleya X Hardyana Lindeni, with very dark lip, marked with clear yellow at the sides; a fine C. maxima; and Ladio-cattleya x elegans Cauvvenbergiana. M. Van Wambeke exhibited M. Madoux Cattleya maxima, and a very large dark form of C. Aclandiae. a fine Cattleya gigas with marbled segments, a beautiful Odontoglossum
;

crispum, and a very pretty hybrid Cypripedium.

In the houses of M. A. A. Peeters, of Brussels, between three and four

hundred plants of Oncidium Forbesii are flowering in great beauty, and fifteen hundred of Cattleya Iabiata also a superb form of Cattleya x Hardyana, and a very large and brilliantly coloured C. Schilleriana.
;

In the establishment of

M. Charles Vuylsteke

is

flowering a very fine

form of Cypripedium X Bosscherianum.

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

349

ORCHIDS AT THE
A few

ROYAL HORTICULTURAL
SOCIETY.

choice Orchids were exhibited on the occasion of the Royal Horti-

Hardy Shrubs, held at Chiswick on September 24th, when the various Committees met as usual, though the work of the Orchid Committee was not heavy. Messrs. James Veitch and Sons, Royal Exotic Nursery, Chelsea, received
cultural Society's Conference on Trees and

a First-class Certificate for a very charming novelty

cattleya

in

the person of Sophro-

x eximia, a hybrid derived from Cattleya Bowringiana % and Sophronitis grandiflora $. Three beautiful forms of Laelio-cattleya x Nysa were also exhibited, each of which received an Award of Merit. These were L.-c. X Nysa picta, a lighter form L.-c. X Nysa superba, a very fine form with the tips of the petals and side lobes of the lip blotched with purple and L.-c. x Nysa purpurea, in which the yellow of the type was absent,
; ;

and the whole flower suffused with warm purple, the lip being very broad and handsome. The firm also exhibited Cypripedium x Astrea (C. Spiceri-

anum

? x philippinense

2).

Messrs. F. Sander and Co., St. Albans, exhibited several good things, and among them a handsome Cypripedium raised from C. bellatulum $ and C.

superciliare $, to
of C.

which a First-class

Certificate

was awarded under the

name

purple.

A
lip.

rather rare

creamy white thickly spotted with Botanical Certificate was given to Dendrobium cruentum, a species, having greenish white flowers marked with bright red

Arnoldise.

The

flowers are

on the

The group

also contained the natural hybrid Laelio-cattleya

and its variety rosea, a magnificent Cattleya dolosa, Laelia x albanensis Cycnoches chlorochilon, Cypripedium X Batalinii (C. purpuraOweniana, tum $ X C. Argus f), and Aerides Lawrences. Stand Halt, Whitefield, Manchester (gr. Mr. Johnson), T. Statter, Esq., Cattleyas, the distinct C. bicolor ccerulea, in which the sent some handsome
front lobe of the lip
ficate.
is

decided lilac-blue, receiving a First-class Certiof a

of C.

The

others were a fine form

Dowiana
(gr.

aurea, two good forms

of C. granulosa,

and

Leopoldi.

M. Wells, Esq., Broomfield House, Sale

Mr. Hind), received an

Award

hybrid Lselio-cattleya x Wellsi* (C. Iabiata ? of Merit for the fine

bearing a spike of four flowers. The sepals and x Laslia purpurata 1), the lip dark purple crimson passing petals were light pinkish blush, and
into rosy crimson at the edges.
It flowers later than L.-c.

x Canhamiana

and

its allies,

a character which may be traced

to its Cattleya parentage,

and adds to its value. Elstead House, Godalming (gr. Mr. Bond), exhibited a C. Ingram, Esq., x elegans, with white tube to the lip, and very fine spike of Laelio-cattleya

35 o

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

Also a hybrid Selenipedium allied to S.

broad deep purple front lobe. calurum.

Mr.
fine
J.

X
of

Prewett, Swiss Nursery,

Hammersmith, exhibited a group

tastefully arranged with

specimens of

DendroHum formosum,

maiden-

hair ferns and other plants, and received a

Vote of Thanks.

The next meeting was held at the Drill Hall, James Street, Westminster, on October 9th, when there was a fine display of Orchids, but owing to the dull and somewhat foggy weather, they were not seen to quite
the best advantage.

G. D. Owen, Esq., Selwood, Rotherham

(gr.

Mr. M. Watts), exhibited

two magnificent varieties of Cattleya labiata, each of which received a FirstC, labiata, Countess class Certificate, and a beautiful Lselia prsestans alba.
Fitzwilliam
lip
is

a beautiful white form with very pale yellow throat to the

of lilac-blush

and a trace

on the

disc.

C.

1.

Foleyana has blush-white

sepals and petals and an orange-coloured blotch in the throat with a smaller

crimson-purple one

in front of

it.

T. Statter, Esq., Stand Hall, Whitefield, Manchester

sent

(gr.

Mr. Johnson),

some splendid things, notably a four-flowered inflorescence of the magnificent Cattleya x Hardyana, Countess of Derby described on page And it may here be noted that the sepals and petals are pure white, 294.

The lip is remarkably though when just opening they are creamy-white. like that of C. Warscewiczii, but there is golden veining on the side lobes,
and the shorter petals, which show the influence of C. Dowiana aurea. A fine plant of Cypripedium x memoria-Moensii with three flowers received an Award of Merit. C. x gloriosa (C. insigne Chantini % x C. x Io
grande

and Cattleya x Minucia were also sent. Admiral Ralph P. Cator, Hazlewood, King's Langley, Herts
t)

(gr.

Mr. G.

E. Day), received an

Award

of Merit for

which was white with the exception of and a Botanical Certificate front of the lip
;

Dendrobium Phalaenopsis alba, some rose-purple veining on the

for Stauropsis philippinensis

{see p.

30S).

Dendrobium bigibbum was

also sent.

Walter Cobb, Esq., Dulcote, Tunbridge Wells, received an Award of Merit for Miltonia spectabilis atrorubens, a large form, and probably the
darkest yet known.
C. J.

Lucas, Esq.,

Warnham

Court,

Horsham

(gr.

Mr. Duncan), sent a

magnificent Cattleya x Hardyana marmorata, in which the colours of the

two parents were beautifully blended, and the general effect very charming. He also exhibited Cattleya bicolor Wrigleyana, Miltonia spectabilis Moreliana, Trichopiliafragrans, and Sarcanthus pugioniformis, the latter receiving
a Botanical Certificate.
J.

Foster Alcock,

Esq., Northchurch,

Berkhamstead, showed a good

nbriatum with twelve flowers.

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

Bradshaw, Esq., The Grange, Southgate (gr. Mr. Wiffen) sent a form of Masdevallia Chimera. De Barri Crawshay, Esq., Rosefield, Sevenoaks (gr. Mr.
J.

&

Cooke), ex

bited a tine spotted form of

Odontoglossum crispum.
(gr.

Hazelbourne, Dorking exhibited Odontoglossum crispum guttatum and a Oncidium from Columbia, without a name.

Welbore

S.

Ellis,

Esq.,

Mr.

Masterto

distil

The Hon.
bigibbum.

Mrs. Foley, Fordingbridge, Hants, sent a plant of Saccolabium

Mr. Bond), exhibited Lselia x amcena, a very distinct hybrid from L. pumila $ x L. anceps ?. R. I. Measures, Esq., Cambridge Lodge, Camberwell (gr. Mr.
(gr.

C. Ingram, Esq., Elstead House,

Godalming

sent a fine

Chapman), Cattleya granulosa Schofieldiana, and Cypripedium x Iucidum

with a three-flowered spike.

F. Wheatley, Esq., Ringmore, Teignmouth, sent cut flowers of Cattleya elongata (Alexandras) and Cattleya Dowiana aurea with nearly white sepals

and

petals.

A. Witt, Esq., Maida Vale, sent Cypripedium Charlesworthii and bellatulum.

Messrs. James Veitch and Sons, Chelsea, received an Award of Merit for the handsome Cattleya x Wendlandiana, described on page 144. They also exhibited C. x Chloris (C. Bowringiana $ x C. maxima th Lzelio-

x cattleya x
cattleya

Nysa superba, and

lasta.

a very pretty

little

hybrid called Sophro-

Messrs. F. Sander and Co., St. Albans, exhibited an effective group of good things, including a fine new hybrid Cattleya called C. x Brownia;, derived from C. Harrisoniana $ and C. Bowringiana which received an

Award
pretty

of Merit.

The other

plants

were Dendrobium veratrifolium, D.

the a
distinct

superbiens, the rare D. Palpebral,

Vanda Kimballiana,

and

Pescatorea Dayana, Cycnoches chlorochilon with

six-flowered

raceme, Comparettia macroplectron, the singular Warrea

tricolor,

Oncidium

superbiens, two plants of the remarkable Catasetum Christyanum, one with a spike of thirteen very large flowers, the fine Laelio-cattleya x Normanii,

Cattleya Loddigesii, and half-a-dozen fine plants of Cattleya labiata. Messrs. Charlesworth, Shuttleworth and Co., Heaton, Bradford, staged

an

effective

group of good things,

It

awarded.
worthii,

contained a series

which a Silver Banksian Medal was of twenty plants of Cypripedium Charlesto

showing a wide range of variation in colour, one light-coloured form having the dorsal sepal two and seven-eighth inches broad, and
another large plant bearing six flowers.

The charming

C.

x Charles

Richman was
C.

also

included,

and two plants of a hybrid derived from

Harrisianum ? and C. villosum aureum ?. The unique plant of Odontoglossum Hennisii was also included in the group, together with a

352

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

Miltonia Bluntii

very fine

Lubbersiana,

Dendrobium

ciliatum,

and

D.

Phalasnopsis.

Messrs. \V. L. Lewis and Co., Chase Side, Southgate, also received
Silver Banksian

a
oi

Medal

for a

good group, containing some

pumila, the pretty
little

tine

forms

Cattleya labiata, several

Laelia

Warscewiczella

Wailesiana, the rare Dendrobium Palpebral, which received an

Merit,

Award

oi

Cypripedium

X Bookeri,

a fine hybrid raised

by Mr. Ayling from

oi

C. ciliolare % and

C. Spicerianum $,

which also received an Award

Merit, C. Charlesworthii,

thum, Vanda
Mr. P.

ccerulea,

Oncidium Forbesii, O. incurvum, and O. macranMiltonia spectabilis Moreliana, and others.

Nurseries, Maida Vale, exhibited
It

Mc Arthur, The London

an

effective group,

and secured a Silver Banksian Medal.

Leelia

included several

good forms of Cattleya labiata, C. Dowiana aurea, C. Dormaniana, C.

granulosa
Schofieldiana,

tenebrosa,

L.

Perrinii,

Vanda
C.

tricolor,

Dendrobium
Messrs.
labiata,

formosum,

Cypripedium

Chamberlainianum,
two

insigne

Gortoni, and others.

Hugh Low and

fine

Co., Clapton, sent

fine plants of Cattleya

one raceme bearing as

many

as six flowers, a good C. maxima,

and three

forms of Cypripedium Charlesworthii.

Messrs. Cutbush and Son, Highgate, had seventeen

lagenaria, very well bloomed,
of

pans

of

Pleione

which were used as a margin

to a collection

ornamental foliage plants.

CORRESPONDENCE,
received, with thanks.

&c.
;

R.

I.

M., Cambenvell

\Y. S. E., Dorking.

Selenipedium longifolium. M. II. B.. Birmingham. Possibly Catasetum albovire :,-. but itei h irdly sufficient. mmumication? must be accompanied by the name and address of the sender. vn X ligulare. A flower received from Major-General E. S. Berkeley,
1

Mrs. M. C.

Lymm.

'.ranching.

)tter,

Esq., Park Hill Road, Croydon, also a flower of Aeranthes grandiflorus. Cattleya elongata. fine form with broad lip comes from W. M. Appleton, Esq., eston-super-mare, and other flowers from the collection of T.

bester.

Mr. J. Cypher, Cheltenham, sends a very fine, dark Dendrobium Phatenopsis Statte*&um, which forms a most effective contrast with the light forms mentioned at p. 300. bigibbum l> e ittleya maxima tnd D u nea, and other seasonable
(
<

We

have also received the Catalogue of the Leeds Orchid Company, Rcundhay, near

The Amateur Orchid

Cultivators Guide Book.
By
H. A.

BURBERRY,
practical

P.R.H.S.

THIS

Book contains sound

in

information for

\mateurs

ind

beginners

Orchid Culture.
;

In Cloth, price 2 6

post-free, 2 9.

CAN BE OBTAINED FROM THE "ORCHID REVIEW

OFFICE

ETHEL HOUSE,

KING'S HEATH,

BIRMINGHAM;

BLAKE & MACKENZIE, School Lane, LIVERPOOL. JUST PUBLISHED.

A

NEW AND MUCH ENLARGED

EDITION OF

The Orchid Growers' Manual,

By BENJAMIN SAMUEL WILLIAMS,
F.L.S., F.R.H.S.

S. S.

WILLIAMS

PUBLISHED BY

VICTORIA AND

&, PARADISE NURSERIES,

SON,
N.

UPPER HOLLOWAY, LONDON,

Orchids!

Orchids!!
Go.

JOHN COWAN AND

Tens
11

STOCK OF ORCHIDS,
of

Thousands

of

Healthy, "vigorous,

Well-grown

Plants,
of

l!

'

t:

^u-iet\

and additions are constantly being made bv the Purchasing

Private

C oliections

and otherwise

They earnestly

invite the inspection of intending purchasers.

of at

The Company are constantly receiving Importations of Orchids from the world, all of which they Offer for Sale by Private Treaty as they c<
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X. GENERAL

REVIEW

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Burses,

THE ORCHID

REVIEW.

lorticultural Society (the last of the year)

nth, when the Orchid Committee

will

meet

at

the usual hour of twelve o'clock, noon.

plants of Cattleya x Victoria-Regina previously mentioned in these pages (pp. 7, 293) are both in flower at the present time. Mr. Hamilton,

The two

Bass, Esq,, Byrkley, Burton-on-Trent, writes that their plant has two spikes of three flowers each, and that the pseudobulbs made

gardener to
this year

Hamar

have each two leaves, while

last

year they had but one.

of the

Mr.
last

Stevens, gardener to

W.
is

J.

Thompson,

Esq., writes respecting the

Walton

Grange month,

plant.

This

interesting confirmation

facts stated

at p. 327.

figure of

Cypripedium Charlesworthii

is

given in the last

number

of

Lmdcnia, but most unaccountably the name is treated as one which has become current in gardens without recognised authority, and the original
description in our pages
is

relegated to a subordinate position, while the

all.

coloured plate

is

not cited at
of

of

A splendid raceme W. J. Thompson,

It
is

Odontoglossum crispum comes from the collection Esq., Walton Grange, Stone, bearing seventeen fine
pink

flowers.

light

unspotted variety, and

affords

an excellent

example

of

good culture.
little

The

pretty

Cattleya x Marstersoniae has just flowered in the collec-

Chamberlain, Highbury, Moor Green, Birmingham, J. and a flower has been sent by Mr. Burberry. It is one of Mr. Seden's hybrids, raised from C. Loddigesii % and C. labiata $, and most resembles
tion of the Rt.

Hon.

the former, except in the

lip,

which

is

much

like that of C. labiata.

354

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

Respecting Cycnoches Loddigesii, of which the female flower was noted

at p. 277, Mr.

Lane, gardener to H.

J.

Elwes, Esq., writes that the plant

was brought from Demerara by a

friend of Mr.

Elwes

in

i$93j and in the

in July,

May

and June following

it

produced two female flowers, two males

and again two more

in October, while the plant

has increased in size and

last
later,

promises well for next year.

(p. 65),

The Kew
It is

plant,

which flowered

February
one with

has also produced two more racemes nine months

with two flowers.
is

five the other

evidently very floriferous.

Oncidium tigrinum
species,

one of the best and showiest autumn -flowering

are particularly welcome.

and

its

showy panicles

Some

fine flowers

of

it

have been sent from the collection of R. Brooman White, Esq., of Ard-

darroch, which illustrate this point.

The

lip is

very large, and clear yellow,

while the sepals and petals

are

broadly barred with

very dark

brown,

affording a very effective contrast.

A remarkable example

of Cattleya

Bowringiana comes from H.

J.

Esq., of Florence, in the shape of three flowers fused together.

The

three lips in front, five broad petals at the back, and around these

ordinary sepals.
perfect anthers.

In
It is

the cenl :re

is

a broad flattened

column with
standpoir

very int eresting, and from a

florist's

beautiful, being quite double.

The tendency of Selenipedii jra X Sedeni to produce abnormal flo\ The same thing is sometimes seen in S. X cardinale. well known.
flower at

A
is

Kew

has the staminode suppressed, while the dorsal sepal

divided and the two halves united to either side of the lower sepal.

The

two

petals are united into one,

and take the place of the dorsal sepal, while

the two ordinary stamens are wanting.

There

is

one perfect anther, which

it,

occupies the place of the staminode, and

as
if

may

represent

though

it

looks

the two lateral ones had

of place.

become

united, like the petals, and thus were

drawn out

we believe seldom troubles Orchid growers much, though its ravages among vines and other succulent plants are well known. A letter received from A. M. Holliday, Esq., of Alderley Edge, Cheshire, however, states that a plant of Vanda
small beetle
as Otiorhynchus

The

known

sulcatus

Kimballiana had been eaten night after night, in spite of cotton wool with snuff on it, and when the plant was stood in water, the only thing that came out was the above beetle (the specimen being enclosed for identification).

Flowers and spikes of Orchids had frequently been eaten, it was at first thought by slugs, but when searching for them with a candle his gardener had frequently found and caught the beetle, which is evidently the marauder. At present it has only been observed in the Cool House. Others may have

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

J5S

MILTONIA
Following

BLEUANA

NOBILIOR.
when we gave CharlesworthiC we

the precedent established in our first volume, a coloured plate of the new and beautiful Cypripedium

present our readers with a collotype reproduction of a photograph of the charming xMiltonia x Bleuana nobilior, from a plant grown by Messrs. F. Sander and Co., St. Albans. The photograph, which is an excellent one
in

now

every respect, was taken by Mr. H. Thomas, photographer, of St. Albans, and was kindly communicated by Messrs. Sander for this work.
Miltonia

Bleuana,

it

will

be

remembered,

is

hybrid which was

obtained by M. Alfred Bleu, of Paris, from M. vexillaria % and M. Roezlii T The cross was effected in June, 1883, the seed matured and was sown in the following April while in January, 1889, four of the plants
;

were

in

flower
later,

the plants then being four years and nine

months

old.

Two

years

plants of the

same

cross flowered

in

the establishment of Messrs.

James Yeitch and Sons, of Chelsea, from a cross effected by Mr. Seden, the seed having been sown in January, 1885. The offspring may be said briefly
have almost the vegetative characters of the mother plant, with the flowers as much resembling those of the other parent, especially in colour,
to

though the influence of M.

parison.

vexillaria

is

also apparent on

careful

com-

showed certain variations between themselves from the very outset; one which had the disc of the lip bright yellow being called variety aurea, and another with several radiating light brown lines on the same, var. splendens. The variety nobilior O'Brien in
different

The

seedlings

Gard. Chron., 1894,

366) has a large reddish-brown blotch on the disc, which in front extends into short radiating teeth, as shown in the illustration.
i.

p.

flowers are white, with the lower halves of the petals beautiful light rose-purple, and the base of the lip chrome yellow with some brown radiating

The

nerves.

We

believe that

it

was obtained from M. A.

A. Peeters, of Brussels,

and is one of M.^leu's original batch of seedlings. It is certainly a most charming plant, and the beautiful effect of its four racemes and fifteen flowers is well shown in our illustration.

CATASETUM
During
C.

SPLENDENS.
Catasetum has appeared
in four or

the last few

months

a curious

five different collections

having

much

of the general appearance of a yellow

macrocarpum but with a|much more expanded lip. obvious, yet the resemblance to C. macrocarpum was

The

difference
I

was
took

so great that

35 6

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

Then one
flowered with Messrs.

purchased as C. Bungerothii.

Hugh Low

and Co.,
flowering

at
it

Clapton, which had been obtained as C. Bungerothii, though on

presented two or three anomalous features, which led them to

it

suspect that

was a natural hybrid between that species and C. macrocarpum. Almost immediately afterwards came the remarkable group exhibited by
Messrs. Linden, L'Horticulture Internationale, Brussels, at the meeting of
the

Royal Horticultural Society, on November 13th, to which a Silver

Banksian Medal was awarded. Besides examples to the two species just named, it included a series of curiously intermediate forms, which are
evidently natural hybrids between the

two species named, which have long

been known to grow

tional

in the

same

district.

The new
I

material adds an addi-

chapter to the history of this remarkable genus.

believe
all,

The

plants were

exhibited under four different names, but

tioned above, have originated from the

including those men-

considered as varieties of one hybrid, for

same parentage, and thus may be which the name of C. X splendens,

it.

Cogn.,
C.

may

be retained, the others being placed as varieties of

x splendens has flowers approaching C. Bungerothii, both in form and colour, but a little smaller, the spur rather more conical, deep yellow inside, and a trace of the thick callus in front of the lip, which is so characteristic of C. macrocarpum. C. X s. viride has the flowers slightly C. X s. flushed with pale green, and the callus a little more developed.
regale
is

near the preceding, but has a trace of purple marbling at the base
of the lip
is

of the petals, while the inside

marbled and partially suffused

with red-purple.

C. x

s.

aurantiacum has deep yellow flowers, with a few

small purple spots on the sepals and petals, the structure being similar to
that of the typical form.

C.

s.

Luciani (exhibited as C. Luciani) has the

lip

much

like

C.

Bungerothii, but the sepals and petals approaching C. macrocarpum, both

in

shape and colour.

C. x
s.

and petals densely and beautifully spotted with red-purple, arranged somewhat in transverse lines, and a lip closely resembling C. Bungerothii. Thus it almost combines the lip of one parent with the sepals and petals of the
(exhibited as C. Lindeni) has the sepals
other.

maculatum

A
x

succeeding variety explains

why

the

name

is

changed.

O'Brienianum (exhibited as C. O'Brienianum) has the sepals and petals almost identical with C. x s. Luciani, and the lip ivory-white, but
C.
s.

mouth only an inch across, and with denticulate margin; thus approaching C. macrocarpum in shape. C. x s. Lindeni (C. macrocarpum var. Lindeni, O'Brien in Card. Chron.,
galeate, with the

1894,
t.

ii.

p.

306

Journ. dcs Orch.,

v. pp. 205, 206, fig.

76

Lindcnia, x.

p. 23,

442) has the sepals and petals of C. macrocarpum, but the lip intermediate in shape, one and a half inches broad, somewhat three-lobed, and with well

developed callus, the colour being yellow, with the basal half, and a forward.

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

r

357

either margin, rich purple-crimson, as in

some

of the

dark

forms of C. macrocarpum.
Lastly, comes a form with flowers almost like the preceding in shape, but

yellow in colour, which has flowered with H.

J.

Ross, Esq., of Florence;

at

W.

J.

Thompson,
It

Esq.,

Walton Grange, Stone, and

s.

one or two other

it

places.

may

be called C. X

flavescens.

had formerly thought

lip.

to

be an anomalous variety of C. macrocarpum with an open

Here we

find a

number

of very remarkable forms, representing almost a

distinct

transition series between

two common and very

is

Bpecies, with

which

they are found growing; and the conclusion

forced upon one that they

have arisen by intercrossing through insect agency.

The

peculiar

way

in

which the characters are combined, some forms approaching one

species,

some the
two,
is

other, while the remainder present curious combinations of the

only paralleled

among

hybrids.

Distinct as

some

of

them may

appear, they are evidently varieties of one, and should be treated as such.
I

know

of

no more instructive

series,

and
a

it

is

much

to

be hoped that their

appearance

may

help

to

popularise

very

remarkable

but

somewhat

neglected genus.

SOME CATTLEYA LABIATA VARIETIES.

Among
years, a

the large importations of Cattleya labiata

made during

the last few

number

of very beautiful varieties

have appeared.

Some have

already been mentioned in our pages, and

others,

now we have

received several

whose characters

it

is

desirable to record.

Besides those specially

mentioned are several others from different correspondents which may be considered as well developed examples of the typical form, of which there

comes from R. Brooman White, Esq., of Arddarroch, whose petals measure rather over three and three-quarter inches long, and the front lobe of the lip one and sevenSuch a form might well be called C. labiata superba. eighth inches broad.
are

many

in cultivation.

One

particularly fine one

There has been a fine display to this grand old plant in this collection during the present autumn, and indeed in many others which we could enumerate. C. 1. Hardyana is a brilliant flamed variety which has flowered in the establishment of Messrs. Hugh Low and Co., of Clapton. It approaches
C.
1.

Peetersii [supra, p. 78), but

is

not so heavily saturated with crimson,

which colour does not extend down the ovary, as in that one. The flower is well formed and of good size, the petals being beautifully flamed with broad crimson bands and blotches on the rosy lilac ground the sepals even more heavily marked, and the sides of the lip also marbled and streaked
;

with the

same

colour.

It

is

very bright and attractive, and

is

certainly a

great acquisition.

35
C.
1.

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

Sanderse, according to a flower from the collection of R.

Brooman

White, Esq., Arddarroch, Garelochead, Dumbartonshire (gr. Mr. Roberts), is a beautiful white form differing from C. 1. elegans {supra, I. p. 360) in having the crimson-purple, somewhat feathered blotch only half as broad as
the
lip,

thus leaving a very broad white margin, which

lilac,

is

slightly flushed

with pale rosy

colour.

The
I.

side lobes are also lightly veined with the

same

The one
tint,

called R.
it is.

Measures's variety
disc

is

nearly an albino, and a most

charming thing

The usual yellow

is

reduced to a pale primrose

and the front lobe of the lip beautifully veined with light pink on a white ground. A flower has been sent by Mr. H. Chapman, gr. to R. I. Measures, Esq., Cambridge Lodge, Camberwell. It is very distinct and
beautiful.

C.

1.

delicata

is

charming
is

light variety

from the collection of

W.

J.

Thompson, Esq., Walton Grange, Stone,

front

Staffs., sent

by Mr. Stevens.

The

lobe of the lip

beautifully reticulated with

slaty lilac nerves on

rest of the flower is

a lighter ground, and the disc very light yellow. nearly white, with just a tinge of pale lilac. It

The
is

well shaped, and alto-

gether a very distinct and attractive variety.

C.
1.

the

lip

a remarkable variety, in which the petals approach in shape, except that they are flat and recurved, and further, thev
is

Youngiana

have a smaller crimson-purple blotch at the apex. The dorsal sepal is similar in shape, over an inch and a half broad, with a rather smaller purple
blotch, while the peculiarity also extends to the lateral sepals in a

somewhat

smaller degree.

The

lip

and column are normal.

We

have received a

flower and photographs of this Sefton Park, Liverpool.

handsome form from Reginald Young, Esq.,

very remarkable pelioriate form has appeared with Messrs. Collins and

Collins,

Cumberland Park Nurseries, Willesden, and was exhibited

at the

Royal Horticultural Society's meeting on November ijth last. The raceme bore two quite different flowers. The first was a perfectly regular peloria,
having three rosy
lilac

petals,

quite

uniform

in

shape and colour, and

a straight triquetrous column, with three perfect anthers, but no stigma. The sepals were quite normal. The uppermost bloom had two lips, a little
shorter than usual, one quite perfect and the other nearly so, while the third inner segment was an ordinary petal in every respect, except that it was short and broad, and of the same dimensions as the two lips. The

column was shorter than

a
single

in the

other flower,

without anthers, but with

is

nearly terminal

stigma.

The example

very interesting and

lip is

instructive,

and helps to confirm the theory that the

developed at

the expense of the anthers. the outer staminal whorl.

The

three anthers developed were those of


THE ORCHID REVIEW.
359

NOVELTIES.
Pleurothallis pernambuoensis, Rolfe. A small species which appeared in a clump of Cattleya labiata, introduced from Pernambuco in the
establishment of Messrs.

June

last.

It

is

L. Lewis and Co., South-ate, Bowering in allied to the West Indian P. testsefolia, Lindl., of the

W.

section Apodse prorepentes, and has few-flowered racemes of pale yellowish

green flowers stained and speckled with light rosy purple.

1S94, p. 361.

Kew

Bulletin,

Dendrobium subclausum,
species,

Rolfe. A
It

brilliantly-coloured

Moluccan

which flowered
in

in the
last.

establishment of Messrs. James Veitch and

belongs to the section Pedilonum, and

Sons, of Chelsea,

July

has bright cinnabar-orange flowers three-quarters of an inch long, and a lip with infolded apex so as to nearly close the flower; in allusion to which
the name is given. Ken Bulletin, 1^94, p. 361. Megaclixium pusillum, Rolfe.An East Tropical
1

African species which

in

flowered at Glasnevin, under the care of Mr. F.

last.
It is allied to

W.

Moore, A.L.S.,

June

M. melanorachis, Rchb.

f.,

and has a

light green rachis

marbled with purple-brown, and rather

1894, p. 362-

darker flowers.

Kew

Bulletin,

Megaclixium triste, Rolfe. A remarkable

species

which flowered

at

Kew
is

in

August

last,

and

is

believed to have been sent with a few other

Its affinity

African Orchids by M. Godefroy Lebeuf, of Argenteuil, France.

with M. leucorachis, Rolfe, though both the flowers and rachis are dull
in colour,

blackish

and thus

it

is

a very distinct species.Kew Bulletin,

1894,

p.

362.
native of Mt. Kilimanjaro, East Africa,

Cyrtopera flexuosa, Rolfe. A

which flowered
leaves,
at

Kew

from
it

May

to

August

of the present year.

Instead

of subterranean rhizomes,

has aerial

pseudobulbs, evergreen grass-like

and flexuose scapes terminating in a short raceme of white flowers, with some purple spots and a light yellow discKew Bulletin, 1S94, p. 363. Stanhopea Raxdii, Rolfe. A distinct and remarkable species from the

in

Amazon
Brazil.

delta,
It
is

which flowered
allied to S.

the collection of E. S. Rand, Esq., of Para,

eburnea, Lindl., but has

much

smaller, ivory-

white, scented flowers, and the

mouth

of the hypochil reduced to a small

transverse

slit,

with an erect horn on either side.

The

cavity

is

crowded

with small papilla?, which are doubtless connected with the insect which Mr. Rand describes it as very beautifulKew Bulletin, fertilises it.
1S94, p. 363.

Stanhopea nigripes,

Rolfe.

very handsome species allied to

S.

Lodd. and S. Ruckeri, Lindl. It has large yellow flowers with Wardii, It ring-like purple spots, and the base of the hypochil deep purple-black. flowered at Kew in August, 1S93, and again a year later, having been


360

THE ORCHID REVIEW.
1892 without any note of
Kcxv Bulletin.

purchased

at a sale in

its origin.

1894, p. 364.

Catasetum punctatum,

Rolfe.

A
is

Brazilian species,

introduced

by

Messrs. Linden, L'Horticulture Internationale, Brussels, and flowered in

their establishment in July last.
It

allied to C.

albovirens, Rodr., and

has yellowish green aromatic flowers, which are spotted with brown on the
sepals and petals.

Kew

Bulletin, 1894, p. 364.

Polycycnis Lehmanni, Rolfe. A pretty

duced by Mr. F.
barbata, Rchb.
C.

New Granadan
last.

species, intro-

Lehmann, which flowered

Burford,
light

in the collection of Sir

It
is

Trevor
to

Lawrence, Bart,
f.,

Dorking, in August

allied

P.

and has

the

lip
p.

being lighter
365.

tawny-brown flowers spotted with purple, with darker spots, and the disc hairy. Keic Bulletin,

1894,

Vanda Roeblingiaxa, Rolfe. A remarkable species, introduced from the vicinity of Singapore by Messrs. Hugh Low and Co., of Clapton, with

whom

it

flowered in July last.

f.,

It

is

allied to

V. limbata, Blume, and

lip

V. brunnea, Rchb.

but differs from every other in having the narrow

dilated in front into a pair of large spreading halbert-shaped lobes.

The
at

flowers are deep brown, irregularly veined with yellowish green, except the

which are white, streaked with purple. A single plant only is present known, which produced eight spikes of flowers. It is dedicated
side lobes,

to

the Hon. C.
1894,
P-

G. Roebling,

Trenton,

New

Jersey,

U.S.A. Kew

Bulletin,

365.

GALEANDRA LAGOENSIS.
This
is

the latest addition to the cultivated species of Galeandra, having

first

flowered for the

time at St. Albans early

in

the present year, and again

some time

later, as

on July 24th,

it

received an

Award

of Merit

from the

Royal Horticultural Society. It was described, however, in 1881 (Rchb. f. and Warm, in Oiia Bot. Hamb., p. 88) from dried specimens collected at Lagoa Santa in the province of Minas Geraes, Brazil, by Dr. Eugene

Warming, and somewhat

Kjobenh., 1884-86, p. 87,

later a figure
t.

appeared (Warm,

in

Vidensk Mcdd.

As long previously as 1850 it was found near Santarem, on the Upper Amazon, by Spruce, though it does not appear to have been previously described. It was introduced to cultivation
6, fig. 61.

by Messrs. F. Sander and Co., of St. Albans, who obtained plants from the Rio San Francisco, Brazil. Thus it would appear to be rather widely diffused, for the specimens from these different localities are so much alike, and so different from any ether species of the genus, as to leave little doubt
of their specific identity.
It is

an interesting addition to the

list

of culti-

vated species.

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

CYPRIPEDIUM

J.

GURNEY FOWLER.
from C. Godefrcn
Nursery, durin

This pretty little Cypripedium is one which was raise and C. barbatum, the latter being the pollen parent.
Messrs.

Hugh Low and

it

Co., Clapton

also exhibited

at a

meeting of the Royal Horticultui iral Society on March

here reproduced

27th.

The photograph
G.
I'

w
tc

and kindly forwarded

nd shows
clear! v
its

by Mr.

Anson, of the same establi

It
is

general character.

obviously allied

hybrid
g.
1.

raised

by Messrs. V<
to

We

hope

be favour
briefly state

As regards _cojour, we ms
c

that

it

is

flushed with

nd spotted with dark purple

of

a light ground.
:d

It is

a pretty

little

dwarf habit, and

is

dedica

to J.

Gurney Fowler, Esq., Glebe-

South- Woodford, Essex.

GREENHOUSE ORCHIDS.
in last month's issue of The Orchid Your correspondent Review (p. 327), expresses a hope that more hardy Cypripediums of C. It is an interinsigne parentage may be raised for the cold greenhouse.

" Argus,"

362

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

I

esting fact that, so far as

have observed, Cypripedium x Leeanum does

much
all

better in the cold house, so that the

Spicerianum blood does not

at
I

interfere with its hardiness.

it

basket of

Vanda

ccerulea,

grown
is

as

tried to describe
in

the other day in

finer

my

lecture at the Drill

It

Hall,

now

bloom here, and

than usual.

has seven long spikes of huge

deeply coloured flowers, from thirteen to fourteen each, the blooms touching

some cases five inches across. I have never seen this Orchid good near any large town or in any smoky neighbourhood. I believe that position, treatment, and air, have more to do with the size and colour of this Orchid than variety, and I intend to get some so-called bad forms and see what happens, as I have never had possession of such as I see in some other Nothing grows gardens, where conditions may not be quite so favourable.
in

freer
for

than the old

Oncidium incurvum, which

may

say has gone on

It is a capital plant for the greenhouse. more than a generation. Oncidium crispum, however, is a plant which I find difficult to grow.

Edward
St.

H. Woodall.

Nicholas House, Scarborough.

should say that
o ut

[\* re

Va nda
a t p.

ccerulea

is

unquej ;t ion afeij

a cool

Orchid,

we pointed
.CSV e this
tie

in detail

306 of our
It

last volu ime,

and w e are glad to

1

co nlirm ation of the fact.

grows

ir

th<

Khas ,ia Hills at a

the refore
it

lower eh ivatio n
c liffere

than

Cypripedium insigne,

an. \

cannot

qu li- e a very

But there is a cert ain amour of variation both n size and colour, and some of the Burm ese forms are the correspondent dist inct impn jverae ;nt on th e Khasian ones 1. We si ispe le latter. Wit! i regard to culture, Dr. (now Si r Joseph) Hooker points
nt clima te.
s
'.

his
in

iblt: it

Hi malay an Jour nals, how tots illy at \ aria r.ce w ith its native the KhaM a Hills is the cultiva tion thought nc.es sary for it in
"
;

ngls ind.

Ti te
tin e

drj

grassy
are

hills

which

it
i

inhabitat

elev ated 3,000 to

ify,
s un,

ooo
te

feet

tree :s

si nail,

gnarled,

md

very spai

so that

V anda whi ch gi ows on ind There s no moss or

i
:

their limbs is fully ex] posed to

rain,

and

lichen on the branches wit!

oots sprawl over the rough bark.

ind extremely so during the rains
)f
;

The atmosphere
but there
is

is,

whose on the whole, humid,

.:

the Vanda,

no damp heat or

sta 'nation

the

air,
,

6o c and at the flowering season the temperature ranges betwt ten

is

md
lay.

So

there

much

sunshine, and both air and bark are dry duri ng the
is

In

July and August, during the rains, the temperature

it

a
.

little

higher than above, but in winter

an the ground."

falls

much

lower, and hoar frost

forms

Shan ment

Hills,
in

Somewhat similar conditions prevail where it grow; in the and those who do not succeed with it should modify thei r treatj

accordance with the above. Ed.;


THE ORCHID REVIEW.
363

ABNORMAL TEMPERATURES.
The changes
I I

of our climate are

most astonishing,
all

for a

day or two ago

instructed

my

gardener
in

to

remove

the blinds off

my

Orchid houses, as

thought that,

our smoky

district,

there would not be any possible need

for

them.

was mistaken,
viz.

for to-day,

November

4th,

we have had one

of

the most brilliantly sunny days of the season, and our various temperatures

have ruled very high,

East Indian House, South aspect, S3

Fahr.

Cypripedium House, warm, East,

yy.
.

Cypripedium House, warm, East and West, 70 Dendrobium House, East and West, 76
.

Cattleya House, South, 75.

Intermediate House, South, 77 Odontoglossum Houses, East and West, 65 and 63.
.

side

t-

^mperatl are in the

,

.hade

wa s

53,

and

ail

the

ikuoi> were
ill,

w ide

open.

0. 0.

Wri

Bt ay, Lan cashire.

L^ELIA BOOTHIANA
I

AND
to

L.

CRISPA.
Orchid Grower's

have a rather rare

its
is

Orchid which has been out a month, and has

maintained

delightful

perfume up

now.
it

In

the

Manual

it

called Cattleya lobata, but

also has the

names

of Laelia

It should flower in May, but one new bulb Boothiana and L. lobata. sent a spike of two flowers, while the two other new ones look as if has would flower later. I consider it a very beautiful thing, and think thev
it

pity that there should be so

much

difference of opinion about

it.

enclose a flower, from

which you

will see that there are eight pollen sacs,

and therefore the plant is a Laelia. A few months ago I flowered a "Cattleya sheaths dormant for eighteen months or two have come out. I was surprised to find it

crispa "

which had held

its

years, but this also had eight

summer they
pollen sacs,

should be sufficient to fix its position as a Laelia. I think here which interesting matter for an article in the Orchid Review. is sufficient
E.

Ashworth.

Harefield Hall, Wilmslow.

these plants are unquestionably Laelias, and such they ought to Both described as Cattleyas, before the limits of the be called, though originally the latter, indeed, before the genus properly understood two genera were
;


3^4
Laelia

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

was
it

established.

The former was introduced by Messrs. Loddiges,

it

of Hackney, with

whom

flowered

in

1847, and a year

later

Lindley
In

described

as Cattleya lobata, evidently without examining the pollen.

1855 Reichenbach described Laelia Boothiana, from a plant in the collection of Messrs. Booth, of Hamburg, where it had existed for many years without flowering, but it ultimately proved identical with Lindley's plant. The

former

name having proved

erroneous, the proper course would apparently

be to adopt the latter, and no necessity should exist for a third name. But continental botanists, following the zoological method, retain the oldestspecific

name under

all

circumstances, and

it

was

in

conformity with this

system that Messrs. Veitch, in their Manual f Orchidaceous Plants, gave the new name of Laelia lobata. Most English botanists adopt the oldest correct name, and this system is followed in the Index Kewensis-hence Lselia

Boothiana but whether

venture to prophecy.
It

this
is

system will ultimately prevail we do not

certainly a

handsome

species with

sweetly

scented flowers, and deserves to be better known. Mr. Ashworth's plant is flowering curiously out of season, though we cannot say why, and hope its behaviour will be noted next year. Ed.

THE HYBRIDIST.
Epil.elia x Hardyana.

This very remarkable generic hybrid was exhibited by Messrs. F. Sander and Co., St. Albans, at the Royal Horticultural Society's meeting on November 13th last, when it received an Award of Merit. It was derived irom Epidendrum ciliare and Laelia anceps, the former, according to a
from Mr. Sander, dated February 24, 1891, being the seed parent. Its history is thus further given. It is a cross made by Mr. Joly, gardener to Baron Nathaniel Rothschild, Vienna, and is now four years old, and
letter

flowering for the second time.

Thus

it

appears to have been raised in 1887.

We

do not

know whether
leaf,

the cross has been raised a second time, but the

like those of

pseudobulb,

and two-flowered raceme originally sent are

It is fairly

the plant exhibited.

are most like the
leaves, as in

intermediate in character.

The pseudobulbs

Epidendrum parent, except that the majority bear two the Laelia. The scape is rather short, and two-flowered, the

sepals and petals narrowly lanceolate-oblong, and the lip three-lobed, with a broadly elliptical or subcordate, undulate front lobe, separated by a short

isthmus from the semi-oblong infolded side lobes. The colour is very light blush pink, almost blush-white, except the front lobe of the lip and the tip
of the side lobes,

which are

rich crimson-purple.
in

The
is

only trace of the

a rather obscure

cihate

front

lobe of the

Epidendrum

the

hybrid
is

denticulation on the margin, though the undulation

probablv due to the

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

the whole, the hybrid inclines most to the Epidend parent in shape, with the exceptions pointed out, and to the Laslia in col
It is

same

influence.

On

a very graceful and pretty

little

hybrid, and particularly interesting

account of the distinctness of the two parents.

Though named long

we think

it

has not been previously recorded.

Masi.hvali.ia x Jbssib Winn.

This

The

hybrid raised in the collection of C. Winn, E Uplands, Selly Hill, Birmingham, from Masdevallia tovarensis %
is

a pretty

little

M. Davisii

which has much

),

of the general

shape of M. x Measuresi
is

x amabilis approaching creamy white.

(tovarensis $
It is,

though the colour

flower inclines to
is

very

light

yell
in
si

The

M. tovarensis
terete as in M.

rather than to the other parent, but the peduncle

Dav

however, smaller than either of them, which only proves that it is yet fully developed, which is almost invariably the case at the first tim The plant is quite small at present. There is a little trac flowering.
purple at the base of the perianth, as in the mother
interesting
little

plant.

It

is

plant,

which we hope

to see again.

Cypripedium insigne Chantini ? and C. x Io grande $, for which T. Statter Esq., Stand Hall, Whitefield, Manchester, received an Award of Merit from the R.H.S., on October 9th It has much of the general shape of C. x Arthurianum. last. The dorsal
sepal
is

An

attractive hybrid derived from

the

lip

with pale brown, and a broad white margin, and and petals suffused with very light purple. It is a delicately coloured
light green, lined

and very pretty hybrid.

a most interesting and beautiful hybrid raised by M. Georges Mantin, Chateau de Bel Air, Olivet, France, from Cattleya Bowringiana

This

is

and

Dowiana aurea

?.

The
first

cross

was made
were

in 1SS9, the seed

in

sown the
1894.

following year, and

the

flowers

produced

October,

Photographs received show two plants, one with a three-flowered raceme, The flowers are large, and approach those of the the other with two.

The sepals and petals are rose-purple, the front lobe of the lip being much darker and very richly coloured, and the disc The majority of the pseudobulbs traversed with some golden yellow lines.
pollen parent in shape.
are two-leaved, as in the

mother

plant, but

one of the plants has the two

It
is

oldest ones monophyllous, as in the pollen parent.

a very

handsome

thing, and has flowered at the comparatively early age of four years, so

366
that
it

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

will

probably improve considerably on attain

its

C.

Bowringiana, from

free

habit

and numer

promising parent, and

other crosses from
it.

it is

not improbable that

we

CALENDAR OF OPERATIONS FOR DECEMBER.

Temperatures
rise

for this

month should range

as follows, always alio

with sun heat.

Cool House. Day 55 night 50 INTERMEDIATE House. Day 6o

,

morning 45
,

to 65

night 55

to 6o,

morni

East Indian House. Day 65

to 6o.

to 70, night 6o to 65, morni

We
stances
to keep

the grov
all

good cultivators

will be contented, their sole

aim

this

month being

what growths the plants have already made

do not try to force

in a

sound and healthy

condition, rather than to increase the size of the plant.

tures steady

Keep the temperamatters by giving too much heat and

I I
it

moisture, but, on the other hand, avoid any excess of aridity, for such
believe
is

unnatural in their native habitats and

>

know

is

harmful under

cultivation.

We

must not

forget that although

may
It

not rain for

many

months during
necessary to

their dry season, the

heavy dews

at night serve to

water and

refresh vegetation, the air never

becoming parched.

will therefore be

damp down once

hygrometer

or twice a day as

may seem

necessary, and

this will cause the

to register about three

degrees below the

temperature.

Do
it

not hurry the winter and early spring flowering Dendrobiums.

It

is

quite possible to have

is

some

of

them

in flower

by the end of this month, but

much

too early, February or the beginning of

if

March being
I

much
forced

better time,

the health of the plants be considered.

nobile

refer to

such species

as D.
too

Wardianum, D.

and

others, the flowers of which,

when

much, are fewer in number and inferior in quality to those opening at a later date. As a useful and accommodating species there is no doubt that Dendrobium nobile takes the premier place for it is more amenable than any
;

other in the matter of being

early or late.
If
first,

many
and

brought into bloom at a given date, either plants are grown, those which have completed their

pseudobulbs

which the flower buds are consequently most advanced, should be selected and placed in the intermediate house, and
of

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

watered very sparingly, the warmth and moisture of this nous
that
is

required for a time.

first

If

Dendrohiums are given

loo

much warmth

and water at
nobile

the flower buds either turn to growths or become blind.

is difficult

to surpass,

and the hybrids from

it,

which are numerous,

less degree.

Prior to starting the plants, trim off aged and useless pseudolittle

bulbs, as after about the third year they are of

portion,

service to the leading

and

may

be removed.
in

If

desired to increase the stock, these old

laid

pseudobulbs should be cut

lengths of about three inches, and

on

damp sphagnum, when

The
month.

they propagate freely.

The remaining bulbs should

a

short bulbed Mexican Lrelias will

make

good show of bloom this

After blooming they enjoy a good rest, and in order that the air
freely

may

circulate
or two.

round them, they are best suspended,

if

only for a

month

The deciduous Calanthes

if

will also be at their best,

and the

flowers will last in better condition

the plants are placed in intermediate

temperature, and watered sparingly.

Phalamopsis amabilis

grandiflora*

and P. Aphrodite

will also contribute their share of

bloom, and are most

useful at this season.

Weakly

plants should not be allowed to flower, as

like all other Orchids, their sterling

beauty

is

never seen until they have

is

sufficient vigour to

produce strong spikes.

There

little

or

no fear of
the winter

getting the temperature too hot for Phalasnopsis, but the atmosphere should

be moist and well ventilated throughout the year.

Water during

with moderation.

Ahgi
flower spikes.

>

beautiful

and interesting, and

in a moist,

many are now pushing

atmosphere.
Cattleya

These also delight

is

warm
if

Percivaliana

now showing
fail to

for

flower,

and

subjected to a low temperature the buds

come

to maturity.

steady

warmth of about 6o is best. When Cattleyas them too dry, but water moderately. keep The pretty little Sophronitis grandiflora
coloured blossoms.
I

are pushing for flower do not

will

soon unfold

its

bright-

have previously advised a slightly warmer temperature

the coolest house for this, which
is

than that afforded

to root disturbance,

in

well suited in a

shady and very moist house.

The

species of Sophronitis do not take well

but repotting must occasionally be done.

Small pans
very
It

or baskets suspended are the best,

and repotting should take place as soon as

the flowers have faded.

variety

known

as S. grandiflora purpurea

is

beautiful, but the flowers are

differs also

much

shorter lived than the typical form.

from the

latter in

growth, chiefly by the pseudobulbs being

inclined to be flat and the leaves of greater substance besides,

and having

a more depressed

style of growth.

This variety
1

is

not nearly so hardy, and

ermediate

368

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

Pleiones should be repotted as soon as the flowers are past, as root action
at once.

commences

Well-drained

pans or baskets .should be used, and

liberal addition of coarse sand, is

chopped peat and sphagnum moss, with a

a capital compost.

The pseudobulbs,

after

having been freed from useless

about an inch apart.

matter, should be dibbled

in at a distance of

The

compost should be made moderately firm, and after being surfaced over with sphagnum moss between the bulbs the pans should be suspended in an airy cold house, such as where Dendrobiums are resting. Should any of the
bulbs become loose they must be promptly secured, so that the

new

roots

on pushing out
only.

may

take hold firmly.

Keep the compost

it

slightly moist

When
there are

newly imported Orchids are purchased

generally happens that

amongst them, and if potted up just as they are would make anything but handsome plants. An enormous quantity of that beautiful Dendrobium Phalsenopsis has recently gone under the hammer, or been otherwise distributed. The pseudobulbs are remarkable for stoutness and great length, otherwise the plant is a compact grower and
ill-shaped specimens
rarely require remodelling.
It

many

simply requires to be made secure

in

small

warmest house. It is an Orchid that delights in plenty of warmth at all times. Such plants, on the other hand, as Oncidium crispum, Cattleya Harrisoniana, and others having a more creeping rhizome, are sometimes imported in huge clumps, shaped like the tree or rock from which they were collected. The average inexperienced
in the

pans or baskets, and placed

grower
fixing

is

apt to be fearful to separate the mass, and selects a piece of

wood

on which he fastens the plant, afterwards either suspending the block or

it

upright in a pot.
it

This
is

is

very bad practice

for

although growth
plant
is

may

be free for a time

it

not for long, and

when afterwards the

is

repotted

rarely ever

grows well again, not nearly so well as those which

first

are re-modelled in the

instance, so that the compost

roots to enter direct.

well up to the

leading growths, for the

new

In remodelling a plant

the various portions should be placed together so as to form a well-shaped and pleasing specimen.

Habenaria
shelf, or

should

now occupy

a positu

be suspended in a warm house, where they will rest and the stem gradually die down. They must be kept moderately dry or the tubers will rot. On the other hand, if allowed to remain dust dry too long the tubers
will shrivel up,

and therefore enough water should be supplied to keep them plump. For the successful culture of these charming little Orchids we are greatly indebted to Mr. W. H. White, grower to Sir Trevor Lawrence, Bart.,

who placed before the readers of the Orchid Review, for the month of March of last year, a detailed article upon their culture (Vol. I. p. S3). In early spring activity again sets in, when the tubers should be repotted. It
seems probable that with Habenarias a
fertile field
is

open

to the hybridist.

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

H. militaris
is

369
in

certainly a most effective

Orchid when

flower,
if

and

if

crossed would most likely bring forth some good things. get some half hardy strain by fertilising
it

What

we could

with the pretty, white British

?

species figured in Nicholson's Dictionary of Crardcning

one great difficulty

latter in June.

in the

way, as the former blooms

I

in

There is, however, September and the

in these islands.

This hardy species

I

believe

is

not

common

growing naturally, and then I came upon a fine bed of probably three dozen plants, growing luxuriantly beneath the partial
seen
it

Once only have

shade of a large beech

Surrey, although
I

tree,

having an eastern aspect, on the chalky

hills of

am
I

intimately acquainted with

discreet.

many

of the Surrey Hills.

But unfortunately

was not

Being young and so delighted with

my

find, I

made no
lip,

secret of its whereabouts,

and there
its

is

no doubt

in

my
its

mind that by
pure white

this time

Habenaria chlorantha, with

slender spur and

its

has been completely exterminated from

habitat beneath

that particular beech tree.

Cypripedium Calceolus
very few plants are

is

said to be a native Orchid, though

fear that

now

to be found wild in

England.

utter absurdity of hastening with a trowel to

would point out the ruthlessly dig up these British

I

gems

the

moment

their bright flowers betray them.

If
it is

They cannot then

safely

be transplanted, and are almost sure to die.

desired to collect them,

the exact spot should be marked, so that the tuber or root can be found in

the winter

time to

when the stem has take them up.

withered.

About February would be

good

correspondent, who, by the way,

is

an amateur Orchid grower of

in a

many

years' standing, has just lost one of his best Cattleyas, and "is utterly at a
loss to account for
it,

and why one plant

is

others remain healthy, beats me," he writes.

and the " All the young growths are

die

hundred should

black and rotting," which

bad news, but

liable.

which

all

Orchid growers are

No

one of those occurrences to one can say how this disease can
it

is

be absolutely avoided, not even

favourable

the

most

means
in

be reduced to a
with
this

command. But I minimum, under the influence

at

and having the most do maintain that such mishaps mayskilful,

of good cultivation.

It

is

view that practical growers are for ever urging the true principles of culture, upon which depends so much the building up of
healthy constitutions in
their

plants.

The most important

;

points

are

warmth, moisture,

air, light,

shade, and rest

all

of

which are

essential, but

must be applied in accordance with the time of year and the condition of the plants. I have heard some growers ridicule such cultural directions as whimsical and over exact, but they are those who have started with strong,
newly imported plants, and found
to their surprise

how

easily they grew.

Time

alone has proved to

them the

difference between right

and wrong.

Orchids, like other plants and animals, are liable to disease, and attention to their requirements is the best means of keeping it in check, though it cannot


37 o

THE ORCHID REVIEW,

In the case of very rare

and valuable plants it is best to secure an off-set at the first opportunity, so that in case of a mishap Most Orchids propagate freely enough there is a spare string to the bow. from the old pseudobulbs when the connecting rhizome is severed between
be prevented altogether.
the back bulbs and the leading ones, of course leaving a reasonable
to support the leading

number

growth.

Another amateur, who is evidently a recruit to the ranks, has several Cattleya Gaskelliana " which have made their growths and formed their
sheaths, but

show no
"

sign of pushing spikes.

Should

rest

them

or keep

them growing?
will in

Generally speaking, a Cattleya having formed a sheath

its

due time push

flower

though sometimes

it

fails to

do so

and
the

occasionally they will push a spike without a sheath.

C. Trianse, C. Mendelii
if

and C. Mossiae often flower without the sheath, and on that account,
last

minus a sheath, care should be taken when cleaning not to touch the point from whence the spike would issue. But in the case of Cattleya Gaskelliana, with or without a sheath, if the flowers do not push

new bulb

is

directly the pseudobulbs are completed, there is

no hope that they

will

do so

afterwards, and the plants should be treated exactly like those which have
flowered.

Step by step the Orchidist finds for his plants places that are most
favourable to growth, and having done this
it is

well to be cautious before

removing them again, unless

able temperature
is is

for the

purpose of resting.

Of course
I

a suit-

the main thing, though a suitable position for a plant

is

far

more important than

if

generally thought, and

would recommend

new beginners
it

to be particularly observant in this

matter of positions, for

can soon be seen

a plant

is

" at

home

" or otherwise.

ORCHID PORTRAITS.
Catasetum macrocarpum var. Lindeni, O'Brien. Lindenia, t. 442. Cattleya Cupidon, Hort.Lindenia, t. 440. This is a form of
Mendelii.

C
not

Cattleya guttata. Lindenia,

Cattleya guttata, Lindl., but
variety pernambucensis.

t.

441.

The

plant here figured

is

C. Leopoldi, Versch., and

apparently the

Cattleya Mossle var. Treyeranje.Lindenia, t. 438. Cypripedium Charlesworthii, Rolfe. Lindenia, t. 443. Cypripedium x Denisianum.Lindenia, t. 437.

Dendrobium Ccelogyxe, Rchb. f.Gard. Mag., Nov. 3, p. 658, with fig. Dendrobium HARVEYANUM, Rchb. i.Gard. Chron., Nov. 17, p. 593
fig. 76.


THE ORCHID REVIEW.
Miltonia x Bleuana rosea. Gard. Mag., Oct.

Mormodes
467,
fig-

Cogniauxii, L. Lind.

Lindcnia,

t.

_u

71.

Odontoglossum Pescatorei
jq.

var.
f.

This

is

O. X excellens, Rchb.

ONCIDIUM ORNITHORHYNCHUM

ALB-l

Ornithochilus fuscus, Wall. Bot. Mag., t. 73S5. Stenoglottis fimbriata. Gard. Mag-, Oct. 27, p. 642, with fig. Stenoglottis longifolia, Hook. i.Gard. Citron., Nov. 10, p.

563,

CONTINENTAL NOTES.
By Ch. de Bosschere.

Chrysanthemum Show which closed the International Exhibition at Antwerp, M. Ch, Vuylsteke, of Loochristy, surrounded the statues of the King and Queen of the Belgians with a group of beautiful Orchids,

At

the

producing a very beautiful

beautiful

effect.

M. Jules Hye-Leysen

exhibited

the

Miltonia vexillaria Leopoldiana, Cattleya

Hardyana, Cypri-

pedium x Albertianum, and C. X Annie Measures. At Gand, also at the Chrysanthemum Show, there was a good number of Orchids, including an interesting group of Cattleya labiata from M. Metdepenningens, an excellent collection of Cypripediums from M. J. Moens, and a beautiful dark Vanda ccerulea and Laslio-cattleya X Gottoiana Hyeana, from M. Jules Hye-Leysen. The meeting of the Orchideene, of Brussels, was particularly interesting. Cattleya Warscewiczii Leopold II., from the Royal Gardens at Lacken,

was an

object of general admiration, and received a First-class

Diploma

of

Honour. The flowers are pure white, except the front part of the lip, which is deep velvety purple, and the two yellow eyes gradually passing into white, and encircled by a lilac border. About twenty supposed natural hybrids between Catasetum Bungerothii and C. macrocarpum were exhibited by Messrs. Linden. The forms were
very varied, and the colours ranged from white, yellow, and green, to rose.
C.

x Lindeni and C. x Luciani were among the most remarkable. A Diploma of Honour was awarded to the group and four others to special
In

the

establishment of M.

Peeters,

Brussels,

we observed

a very

beautiful white variety of Cattleya labiata.

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

ORCHIDS AT THE
At

ROYAL HORTICULTURAL
SOCIETY.
Hall,

the meeting held at the Drill

James

Street,

Westminster, on

October 24th, there was a very good display of Orchids, including some
interesting species

and hybrids.

Gurney Fowler, Esq., Glebelands, Woodford, Essex, exhibited a large J, and showy group, to which a Silver Flora Medal was awarded. It contained a number of well-grown and flowered forms of Cattleya labiata, a fine C.
Schilleriana, C. bicolor, forms of C. Bowringiana,

and Calanthe
(gr.

vestita.

R.

I.

Measures, Esq., Cambridge Lodge, Camberwell

Mr. Chapman),

staged a fine group, which received a Silver Banksian Medal.

The most

remarkable plant was Oncidium ornithorhynchum album, with seventeen

which both a First-class Certificate and a Cultural Commendation was awarded. Pleurothallis lepanthiformis, Masdevallia attennata and
panicles, to

M. Laucheana each received

Botanical Certificate.
fine

Other plants were

Odontoglossum Insleayi splendens, a

a

Lselia

tenebrosa,

some good
spikes,

Cattleya labiata, C. bicolor, Pleurothallis plumosa, with

many

and

number

of

Cypripediums.

Among

the latter were C.

x Arthurianum,
varieties

with nine flowers, C.

of C.

x Mrs. Canham, with eleven, some pretty

x Bellona, C. purpuratum, and C. insigne, Cambridge Lodge variety. M. Jules Hye-Leysen, Coupure, Gand, sent several fine things, including
It is a

Miltonia X Bleuana rosea, which received a First-class Certificate.

very handsome variety, with delicate blush-white flowers, the basal halves
of the

petals having

some rose-purple colouring and the

disc of the

lip

radiating purple lines.

The

other plants were Miltonia vexillaria Leopoldi

and the handsome Cypripedium x Albertianum.

J.

F. Alcock, Esq., Northchurch,

Berkhampsted, sent Cattleya

bicolor,

Brassia Lanceana, Lycaste cruenta, Pleione Reichenbachiana, Selenipedium

Schlimii, and

Odontoglossum grande, with abnormal flowers. Walter Cobb, Esq., Dulcote, Tunbridge Wells (gr. Mr. Howe), showed Odontoglossum x aspersum fulvidum, a handsome, buff-coloured form approaching O. x Humeanum. F. Hardy, Esq., Tyntesfield, Ashton-on-Mersey (gr. Mr. Safford), showed Cypripedium insigne Hardyanum, a beautiful clear yellow form.
C. J. Lucas, Esq., Warnham Court, Horsham (gr. Mr. Duncan), showed Cattleya elongata (Alexandra;) and Odontoglossum Wallisii.

G. Lutwyche, Esq., Eden Park, Beckenham, sent Miltonia Regnelli purpurea, and a hybrid Cypripedium, like a very light X Ashburtonia?.
S.

T. Statter, Esq., Stand Hall, Whitcfield, Manchester (gr. Mr. Johnson), sent Cattleya x Johnsoniana, C. x Dowiana splendens, Cypripedium Charlesworthii conchiferum, C. x Moensii, and C. x amabile.

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

R. Young, Esq., Sefton
Cattleya labiata,
Park, Liverpool
(gr.

373

Mr. Poyntz), exhibited

Young's variety, and

Cypripedium

Eyermanianum

Messrs.
three

James Veitch and Sons, Royal Exotic Nursery, Chelsea, showed handsome hybrids, one of them being new. This was Laslio-cattleya
% and Lslio-cattleya

x Chlonia, derived from Cattleya Warscewiczii

elegans Turneri
lobe of the lip
.
It
is
is

comparable with Cattleya Eldorado, but the front broad, circular, and undulated, and the colour rich purple-

crimson.

The

others were the

handsome Cattleya x Wendlandiana and

Ladio-cattleya Messrs.

Pallas.

W.

L. Lewis and Co., Chase Side, Southgate, received a Silver

for an effective group, including

Banksian Medal
C. Bowringiana,
vallia tovarensis,

some good Cattleya

labiata,

Vanda Sanderiana, Miltonia

spectabilis Moreliana,

Masdein

Cypripediums, Dendrohiums, &c.

Botanical Certificate

was given
Messrs.

to Sophronitis cernua, of

which several plants were included

the front of the group.

Hugh Low and

Co., Clapton, also received a Silver

Banksian

Medal for a fine group, including many Cattleya labiata and Miltonia Rcezlii, which were very effective. It also included the rare Paphinia rugosa and
the singular
Certificate.

Dendrobium Ccelogyne, the

latter

receiving

Botanical

Messrs. F. Sander and Co., St. Albans, also staged a beautiful group, to which a Silver Banksian Medal was given. It contained a series of the

charming Dendrobium Phalanopsis,

purple, the

of various shades of white, rose,

and

handsome Odontoglossum Wattianum superbum, which received an Award of Merit, forms of 0. crispum, 0. x mulus, Lselio-eattleya X txoniensis, Pescatorea Dayana, Cypripedium x Morganise burfordiense,
Cattleya labiata, C. O'Brieniana, &c.

Williams and Son, Upper Holloway, sent Dendrobium aqueum, D. superbiens, and D. Goldiei, also Ladia Perrinii nivea, and two
Messrs. B.
S.

plants of Cypripedium x Pitcherianum, Williams' van, one of a curious reversal of the upper and lower sepals.

them showing
and

Mr. R. Hinds,

gr. to

M. Wells, Esq., Broomfield,

Sale, sent a novel

very interesting exhibit, in the form of a series of dried flowers, pressed flat, and mounted in picture form. The colours were very well preserved and the effect very beautiful. The Committee awarded it a Silver Flora

Medal.

At the meeting held on November 13th, there was a large and brilliant display, to which Cattleya labiata and Cypripedium insigne contributed very largely, though many other interesting plants were shown, as will be
seen

by the following report.

R.
I.

Measures, Esq., Cambridge Lodge, Camberwell

of

(gr.

Mr. Chapman),
I.

sent a four-flowered inflorescence

the charming Cattleya labiata, R.

374

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

of

Measures' variety, and plants of Cypripedium insigne Ernesti, and the rare

and pretty Cymbidiurn cyperifolium, each

Merit.

them receiving an Award

(gr.

of

E. Ashworth, Esq., Harefield Hall,

Wilmslow

Mr. Holbrook), showed

a fine plant of the beautiful Cattleya labiata elegans, bearing four two-

flowered racemes, an

Award

of Merit being deservedly given.

He

also sent

flowers of other good forms of this species, a good C.

Dowiana, Cypri-

pedium x Ashworthiae and Selenipedium x John Ashworth, a rosy form said to have been derived from S. reticulatum and S. x Sedeni candidulum.

The
(gr.

Rt.

Hon.

J.

Chamberlain, M.P., Highbury, Moor Green, Birmingham

sent

Mr.

Burberry),

some very
is

beautiful

varieties

of

Dendrobium

Phalaenopsis.
received an

D. P. highburiense
of Merit;

fine

bright

purple form, which

Award

and D. P. Chamberlainianum a large white

lip.

form, Luffused with light purple, and a dark purple apex to the

third

form was white with

lilac tips to

the petals.
(gr.

N. C. Cookson, Esq., Oakwood, Wylam-on-Tyne

a richly spotted Cypripedium called C.
to

Mr. Murray), sent

x Cyris

(C. Boxallii %

X C. Argus

$),

which an Award

of Merit

was

given.

Ringmore,Teignmouth, sent the handsome Oncidium x Wheatleyaoum, which received an Award of Merit. T. Statter, Esq., Stand Hall, Whitefield, Manchester (gr. Mr. Johnson),
F. Wheatley, Esq.,

sent

some

fine

forms of Cattleya labiata, C. Dowiana aurea, C. D. magnifica,

C.

C.

Dendrobium Phalaenopsis, Cypripedium x Edwardii, C. x Ariadne, and C. X Roberti (C. hirsutissimum $

Bowringiana,

Johnsoniana,

x C. insigne Wallacei

$),

which

is

really a variety of C.

x Alcides.

The

group received a Vote of Thanks.

H. Grinling, Esq., Harrow Weald House, Stanmore (gr. Mr. Rapley), showed a fine plant of a Saccolabium, apparently S. calceolare, to which a
Botanical Certificate
J.

was awarded.

F.

Alcock, Esq., Northchurch, Berkhamsted, sent a good form of

Odontoglossum x Wilckeanum.
Sir
Laslia

Buchan - Hepburn, x Crawshayana leucoptera.

Archibald

Prestonkirk,

East

Lothian,

sent

Admiral Cator, Hazelwood, King's Langley (gr. Mr. Day), exhibited Catasetum Bungerothii with a single female flower, and Cypripedium
Victoria-Marise.

Earl
cattleya

Cowper,

Panshanger,

Herts

(gr.

Mr.

Fitt),

showed

Laelio-

Mauve Queen (Cattleya Warned ? x Ladia

crispa $) 9 like a

small rosy L.-c. x exoniensis, a splendid Calanthe x Florence with a tall spike of thirty deep rose-purple flowers, and some forms of Cypripedium
insigne.

Vote of Thanks was given.

Esq., Ampthill House, Ampthill,

W.

I.

Empson,

showed a good Cattleya

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

R. G. Fletcher, Esq., Withdean, Brighton, exhibited Lycaste

375

macro-

bulbon var. Youngianum.

Oak Lodge, Bishopstoke (gr. Mr. Cart), sent Odontoglossum crispum, Fair Oak var., a handsomely spotted form. M. Jules Hye-Leysen, Coupure, Gand, showed Lselio-cattleya X
A. Gillett, Esq., Fair

W.

Gottoiana Hyeana.

Temple, Esq., Leyswood, Groombridge, Tunbridge Wells (gr. Mr. Bristow), showed a pretty hybrid Cattleya x Miss Williams (C. HaniJ.

W.

soniana % x C. Gaskelliana $\ having the size and colour of the former with
a lip

much like the latter. W. J. Thompson, Esq., Walton Grange,

two
fine

Stone, Staff, (gr. Mr. Stevens),

sent

forms of Cattleya labiata, and a pretty light C. Gaskelliana.

Wigan, Clare Lawn, East Sheen (gr. Mr. Young), sent Lseliocattleya x elegans Cawenberghei, L.-c. x e. Turneri, Cattleya superba, and Cypripedium x Clarence (C. Spicerianum x unknown).
Sir F.

Messrs.

James Veitch and Sons, Royal Exotic Nursery, Chelsea, received

for Cattleya

an Award of Merit
labiata % and C.

Dowiana
on the

X Fabia, a beautiful hybrid derived from C. which had light rosy pink mottled segments,
in the throat

and a

lip

approaching the former, but with more yellow

disc.

and

some

light veining

The handsome

Lslio-cattleya

Statter-

iana and Cypripedium x Tityus were also sent.

Messrs. Collins and Collins, Cumberland Park Nurseries, Willesden,

staged an effective group, to which a Silver Banksian Medal was given.
included
It

many

plants of Cypripedium insigne, Oncidium varicosum, and

Cattleya labiata; also some good C.

Messrs.

maxima and Cypripedium callosum.

W.

L. Lewis and Co., Southgate, also received a Silver Banksian

Medal
five

for a fine group, including Cattleya labiata,

good

Bowringiana (one having spikes), Walkeriana, and Warscewiczii delicata, Masdevallia

tovarensis,

some
),

good

Oncidium

tigrinum,

O.

ornithorhynchum,
(C. insigne

and

several Cypripediums, including

x Robertsianum

Wallacei %

x callosum

a variety of C.

x Leonae.

Messrs. Linden, L'Horticulture Internationale, Brussels, exhibited a most

interesting group of Catasetums, including four varieties of C. Bungerothii,

two

macrocarpum, and several intermediate forms. C. Bungerothii aurantiacum, C. Lindeni, and C. O'Brienianum each received an Award of Merit, and C. macrocarpum chrysanthum a Botanical Certificate. Other
of C.
s.

forms were C. Luciani, C. splendens, C. s. regale and C. group was awarded a Silver Banksian Medal.

viride.

The
large

The group staged by Messrs. Hugh Low and

and showy, and received a Silver Banksian Medal.
of Cattleya labiata, three yards long
;

Co., Clapton,
It

was

contained a fine bank

lilac
;

a variety called lilacina having

segments and the front of the

superba,
C.

lip of

a peculiar dull blue-purple shade

C.

Bowringiana, Vanda ccerulea, V. Sanderiana, the singular Mormodes tigrinum, Ccelogyne barbata, and various Cypripediums.

376

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

Messrs. F. Sander and Co., St. Albans, staged a group of very interest-

ing things, including the remarkable generic cross Epilaelia

(Epidendrum ciliare % x Ladia anceps $), some good Dendrobium Phalamopsis, the singular D. platycaulon,
a Botanical Certificate

Hardyana which received an Award of Merit,

x
to

which

was given, Phaio-calanthe x Arnolds, Lselia tenebrosa, L. praestens Lueddemanniana, Calanthe x Sandhurstiana, C. X Victoria-Regina, the rare Stenia pallida, Catasetum Christyanum, Zygolast,

petalum rostratum, and

Messrs.

but not least, the three beautiful Pescatoreas,

Lehmanni, Klabochorum, and Dayana.

glossum
Vervaet and Co., Mont-St.-Amand, Gand, exhibited Odontocrispum Franz Masereel, a magnificent form, in which the

segments were regularly covered with large intense purple spots, to which a First-class Certificate was deservedly awarded. Messrs. B. S. Williams and Son, Upper Holloway, exhibited Phaiocalanthe X Sedeniana rosea. Mr. G. Young, St. Albans, showed Cypripedium insigne Youngianum and
C.
i.

suptrbum, two pretty yellow forms.

CORRESPONDENCE,
Photographs received, with B., Bielside. Laelia x Crawshayana R., Arddarroch. Odontoglossum
M., Olivet.
th

&c.

*
i

is

probably

r;:n
O. W., Bury.

Cypripedium insigne

six.ee,:,

varieties

TO OUR READERS.
number completes our second volume, and we again take the opportunity of thanking our numerous friends and subscribers for their support, which we hope will be continued in increased amount during the coming year. Many readers have written expressing
present
their satisfaction with

The

the

work has been conducted, and in some cases suggesting improvements, both of which we appreciate, as we welcome any means of increasing its usefulness. The success of a work of this kind depends largely upon the amount of support received, and our readers would
the

way

materially help us in introducing improvements, especially in the number of illustrations, by obtaining additional subscribers; and we would urge them
to accelerate its progress

by making

Orchid-growing
o

friends,
for

and

by

more widely kr.ovxn among communicating interesting facts

it

their

and

specimens suitable

our pages.

No

effort

on our rait

make the work

will be

wanting
Orchid

a complete

and impartial record

of events in the

world, and a trustworthy guide to the culture of these charming plants.

1;

Anguloas, culture
Anis, 251

of,

120

Calendar of Operations.
30,

23. 55, 86, 11S,

185, 215, 247, 279, 312, 344,

1
1

366

Antwerp Horticultural Exhibition, 66,

Apostasia, 71

83

Calopogon pulchellus,
Calypso americana, 76

45, 46, 47

Arachnanthe Cathcartii, 126; moschifera, 288 Arethusa bulbosa, 45, 46 Arpophyllum giganteum, 127, 128

Cambridge Lodge

Collection, 102

Ballif, Cypripedium list, 193 Hanks, Sir J., Basket culture, 133 Bees and Orchids, 295, 33S
Bifrenaria Charlesworthii, 199
Harrisoniae,

Catasetum Bungerothii female flower, 374 B. aurantiacum, VS Christyanum, 285 Darwinianum, 30 Finetianum, 75 Gno; 5

136; H. Buchaniana, 162;

H. pubigera,

tatum, 360 Rodigasianum tenebrosum. 186 X splendens, 355, 356

;

Brassavola cucullata, 47, 77 maculata, 76 Hras-ia anther tes. 31 Brasso-cattleya X Lindleyana, 285
:

194

Dowiana
elongata,
;

at
;

home, 295
;

Dowiana
Eldorado,
206;

aurea, 289, 322

sale of, 259 206,

301;

302;
;

eximia,

BroughtonLi sanguinea, 47 Bulbophyllum auncomum, 39 barbigerum, 222 Careyanum, 136 Hookerianum, 236;
;

Forbesii, 135

fragrans, 206
;

Gaskelliana,

370

Gaskelliana alba, 296

G. albens, 319

Leysianum, 294

saurocephalum, 159

217: granulosa superba, 284;

x Hardy-

ardyana Countess H. laversinensis, 28

50;

x H.Selwoodva

Corning, Hon. E.'s Orchids, 227 Correspondence, 32, 64, 96, 128, 160,
224, 256, 288, 320 352, 376

J<

Correvon, on hardy terrestrial Orchids, 13 Coryanthes, Fertilisation of, 338

Coryanthes

macrantha, 340

speciosa

Highbury, 204; Wolfii, 186 Costa Rica Orchids, 295

Crosses, abortive, 167, 168

Crueger, Fertilisation of Orchids, 340

Cryptarrhena lunata, 133

:

Culture, Early
133, 136
;

methods of, 45, 47, Belgian and English, 99

; ;

77,

',

Cycnoches, 268

Loddigesii, 65, 194, 35

L. female flower, 277

pentadactylon,

374
46,

77

lancifoliun
;

H. Measures, 224 x Mrs. M Wei 288; Papeinsiana, 33 6 X Prince Wales, 286; princeps, 206; purpurir 206; Rex, 175,226, 265, 272; Sanderiai 299 Trianae, 126, 289, 297 T. varieti<
; ; ; ;

48; sinense, 47, 77

Tracyanum,

31

Cymbidiums, culture
" Cypripedilum," 269

of, 151

Cypripedium crossed with Selenipedium,

167, 171, 258; floral structure, 71
;

66,

List of
;

species, varieties,

and hybrids, 193

;

No-

206; x triophthalma, 40

venosa, 13

menclature
sports,
20,

of,

269,

147

303; seedlings, 117; Williams' Memorial

22

Warscewiczii, 299
-94, 319;

W.

Countess of Derby,
II.,

album, 48

X Allanianum,

x Annie

W. Leopold

371

x WendRodrigues
;

Cattleyas at Stand
Brazilian, 206

Hall,

291;

Census Orchidearum, 98 Ceylon Orchids, 12

Charlesworth ShuttleworthandCo.'s Orchids,

C. Charlesworthii

Calceolus,
Cirrhaea viridi-purpurea,

callosum
189,

369; X calloso- Argus, 110; Rossianum, 64 c. Sanders,

;

Cirrhopetah;

197

c.
;

sublnsve,

Cleisostoma Wendlando

54

x Captain
;

Lendy, 93

caudatum, 295
;

lainianum, 35, 262 303, 319; Charlesworthii, 69,

ciliolare,

ChamberX Charles Richman,

212,
213.

307;

Clarence, 375

Cobbia-

INDEX.

5;
>3
;

33) 319

X
;

Excelsior,

.'.::
,'anianum,
lington.
2,

X Eyermanianum Hi urieanum. 289 X Fairie

143;

X
R.

Winifred
Lee,
287,

157

x W.

Godefroyaj crossed

morphism in progeny Lodge var., 287 G.

;

27

G. Cambridge

145

Godseffianur

num,

40,

98

i.

Ern
5

youngianum, Iogrande (Fig.

i.

X James H. Veitch, 309, 318 Ross, 311 X J. Gurney Fowler, x Josephi 34), 361
;
; ;

373;
;

60

Kaloe, 94

Laura?, 80

Law-

crassinodt

Leysenianum, 253 X Lobengula, 126 X Lucianianum. two-flowered, 155; X Mabelianum, 287 X Madame Jules Hye, X Mary Lee, 29 Mastersianum 92, 144 (Fig. 4), 17, 158, 160; X memoria-Moensii,
;

X Cybele, cuspidatum, 331; X 128; X dellense. 186; X Dido, 61 eburneum, Draconis, 234 Doris, 142 X Euryalus, X Edithae, 126 234
349;
;

335, 350;

Merops, 159;

X Meteor,
;

112;

Falconeri

for

the

greenhouse,
at

X Minos, 30 X modestum, 286 92 ; Moensii, 135 X Morganiae langleyense, X Mrs. Tautz, 44 X mulus, 112 63, 79

Findlayanum, 155
137
;

formosum
;

home,
;

f.

Berkeleyi, 138

f-

giganteum, 288

X N.
172
;

magnificum, 80; X N. oliganthum, X N. purpureum, 172 X N. Short

;

61

hedyosmum, 234; Hildebrandii,

;

158,
;

198

Imperatrix, 127
;

J*amesianuxn, 235

infundibulum, 235 Johannis, 158 Kingia;

32;

Pandora,

m
;
;

num
;

album, 125

lineale,

207

lingui-

parviflorum, 45;
Felias,

forme, 76;
;

longicornu,

235;

luteolum,
;

Patersonii, 255

X
;

144

Pluto,
;

29;

224 x pubescens, 45, 77 P- poisonous, 141 Rex, 124, 126; X Roberti, 93; X Robert;

Poyntzianum, 54; pnestans, Priorianum, 29 x Psyche, 262

X Lutwycheanum, 202 332 Mettekeanum, 13 rostachyum,

;

mac294
;

M'Gregorii, 294;
273
;

X Nestor
11),

(Fig.

28),

367; and varieties, 69; specimen plant, 219;

113,

nobile (Fig.

114, 366,

superbiens, 307

tessellatum porphy

dra Devoniana,
peciosum, 76, 93;

95

lagoensis, 285,

Scaphephorur, 233 272 pubesccus. ('oodyera discolor, 133

;
:

Gower, W. IL, death of, 258 Grammatophyllum, Guilelmi

II., 10;

picattleya

X guatemalens 'is,
a
;

196

Lptdendrum

atropurpureu
conopseui

Ellisii,

^
-

77

157,

198;

Hybrid
;

303 Hybridising, 51

Cypripediums, Nomenclature H. Odontoglossums, 139, 200, 328

I,

Hybrids, age of flowering, 116; at Albany, at Heaton, at Camberwell, 105 227

;
;

213
292

at Selly Hill, 261

at

at

Stand Hall,
197

Wilmslow Grange,

Eulophia

gracilis,
1

135

Hygrometer, 317
:

maculata,
Eulophiella

^4

Eluabcth.c

Imported

Orchids, Treatment

of,

368

Ionopsis utricularioides, 135 Ipsea speciosa, 12

Isochilus linearis, 47

Isosoma Orchidearum, 250

Lucianiar
:\v

collection in 1789, 45
alba, 64,

Hollidavana, 74
11
;

a.

Sanderiana (Fig.
var., <>3
;

31,9,

a.

Walton Grange

I.oothiana,

157,363; cinnabarina, 159; Crashleyana, 316, 348; X Crawshayana, 64; crispa,

288,

Manchester Manure. 15;

Masdevallia

363

Xelegans leucotata, 237

Eyer-

[73

X Corn el ir

M tMilana

Lawrenceana, 155

Lindenia;, 7
pusillui

Megaclinium

nummulana, 236

leucoglossa bella. 43

f.

purpurea, 349

N. superba, 349

leucotata,

237
;

Statteri; ma,

21;

89

v.

Daisy Haywood, 24
25!5;

Timora, 255

X tnopluha
Valvassorii, 2 21
J ;

Tydea, 95
sfce,

Well|

Monstrosities in Orchids,

349

Wellsiana, 224

Zephyra,

ode
33* 61

matic

11

Lath

roller blinds, 212

Moulmein Orchids,

136, 234,

Leaf structure,

101

Leptotes bicolor, 157

'idiids. 12

ilia,

45> 4

75
;

Lissochilus Graefei, 312

spe

Loddiges' collection, 77

Lobb, T ., Death Low, Hugh, and

of,

162

Co.'s, Orchi.

hid sale, 2:7

uperbuin

l-ig. 3')-

35- 36

INDEX.
:.

3 oT>

aspersum
200,

brachypterum,
201
;

140

x
;

Brandtii,
;

chiriquense at home, 296

citros-

incurvum,

362;

mum
222
;

sulphureum, 286

c.

Rosefield var.,

Kramerianum,

Jonesianum, 150, 28 Lucasianum. 295

; 1

x Cookeanum,
198,

mirabile,

298

330; x Coradinei crispum, 192 at

;

199; luridum, 135; Marshalhanum. 19 ornithorhynchum album, 372, fine spe

Temple Show,
125, 205,
c.

205, culture of,

;

218, fine,

men, 322

Papilio,
;

253, well flowered, 239

244,

298;
c.

c.

apiatum, 97, apiculatum, 186;

c.

refractum, 229

pumilum, 13 Sanderianum, 54 sessi

135
; ;

160; tigrinum, 352, 354; triquetrum, 4

aureum, 223;
;

Baroness Schroder,
c.

X Wheatleyanum, 374
6, fiftieth

210, 222

c.

Bonnyanum, 189;

Caparmeeting, 97
231

Orchid, basket, a primitive, 133, books, Cultivation, History of, 44, 75,

13;

Exchange,
222,
c.

P.

Weathers, 225; Hybridis

259
seeds, 83

298;

c.

Miss Florence Bovill, 222;

25), 241,
c.

Portraits

sale,

Rex, 187 (Fig.

31,

242

c.

Thomp;

sonia?,

34

Thompsoni, 244
;

c.

3?7, 341

Jungle,

xanthotes, 187 (Fig. 29), 305 c. Wolstenholmiae, 187 (Fig. 24), 241, 242; x
dellense, 201
;

Orchis

globosa,

47,
;

75;

mascn

deltoglossum, 32

d.

papilionacea, 46

spectabilis, 76

Stevensii, 115;

elegans
141
;

tius,

x dicranophorum, 328; Sander's var., 156; X eleganx eugenes, 201 x excellens,

;

Ornithocephalus

gladiatus,

136;

X
254

e.
;

Harvengtense, 112; Galeottianum,

gloriosum,
;

double,

238

X God;

seffianum, 32S

grande, twin, 32

Harry;

-<*)-:

anum,

300

x
; ;

Hennisii, 35 '
\

Fi S- 32) 36

X X

Harvengtense, 201 Horsmanii, ,39, .40,

Imperatice de Russie,

270

epidendricum,

Socco,

Paphiopedium, 268 Penzig, on Monstrosities, 258

Peruvian Orchids, 36 Pescatorea Klabochorum
excellens,

at

home, 296

352;

K. album, 34 x ligulare Lindleyano-nobile, 140; x Lin

; ; ;

Lehmanni,
Phaioiana
Phaiu's

14
..

dleyano-tripudians, 329

Lindleyano

248,

triumphans,

328; x luteopureo-nobile, 139; luteopurpureum sceptrum, 156 1. s. leopardinum, 253; X lyroglossum, 140
;

majesticum,

140

Murr
(39
i

grandifolius, 45, 46, Owenia?, 160 127

;

stauroides,

141

" Phajolimatopreptanthe," 267

stellimicans,

:oi

triumphans
a,

Lionel Crawshay,

Pickering Lodge Sale, 129, 161, 22^ Phaia-nopsis Aphrodite, 98; (Fig.

superbum, 373 (Fig. 27^. 2i ,.

Odontog

Ocana, 139;
'

A'alton

Grai
of,

Group
A-r

nyDrid, 139, 200, 328

-smum.


INDEX.
Phakenopsis
82
;

383
Aphrodite, 90; X Ashcallosum Sanders, 219; x
;

at

Albany, 228
Hall, 98
of,
;

at

Clapton,
of, 38,

'

Measures, 178
worthke, 123
;

at

Henham
;

culture

56, 100, 163

group

209

Calypso Oakwood
278;

var.,

17S

caudatum,
;

iformis, 255

Charles Richman, 311

;

Charles-

Pleione maculata alba, 16

Pleiones, culture
of, 26,

worthii, 370

368
;

Pleurothallis asterophora, 127

Barberiana,
lepanthi-

X Claudii, X Clotilde iMoens, 59; X conco59; Lawre, 153; X Dallemagnei, 219; X Denisianum, 370 X Fairieano-LawrenceChlonius, 311
;

linii,

285

Laucheana,
53;

320

formis, 372; maculata, 53;

pergracilis,

ornate, 158;

zianum, 311
;

pevnambucensis,

359;

3A1 122; insigne

Godefroyae Ieucochilum, 246, Xgrande atratum, 219 X Gravesiae,

; ;

illustre,

59;

i.

montanum,
Klotz-

scapha, 31; unistriata, 53

tlcarahis. [90

219;

X James H.

Veitch, 311;

olycycnis Lehmanni, 360

91

Roebelenii, 124
;

X Sedeni candidu;

olypodium
olystachya
loides,

fibre,

242, 283
53
;

lum, 91

selligerum majus, 91
;

Stonei

Buchanani,

bulbophylluteola,

platytaenium, 312

superbiens,
;

222;

Lawrenceana, 222;

X Weathersianum, 59 X lington, 153 Dendrobium

90,

312; Winifred Hol123,

atroviolaceum.

onera prolifera, 47
onthi(..-\a

glandulosa, 76
91
;

ORTRAITS Aerides Lawrences,

;

quin-

Savageanum, 343 quevulnerum, 311 Aganisia lepida, 60 Angraecum Four-

chrysanthum, 179; Ccelogyne, 270; X dellense, 179, 219; Devonianum, 123; xEuryalus, 179; glomeratum, 179;
278;
(

irii'rithianum Guiberti,

246

Harveyanum,

370; Johnsonia?, 343; nobile, 219; n. Hackbridgense, 246; n. Schroederianum,

Anguloa X Madouxiana,
nanthe
Clarkei,

60

Arach343 moschifera, 343

Sch-

219; Phalasnopsis Schroederianum, 122; speciosum Hillii, 219; sphegidoglossum,

Lindenise,

sanguinea,
roder,

343 Calanthe X Baron

278-Disa X
;

langleyensis, 246

60; Gnomus, 90 Imschootianum, 91 macrocarpum Lindeni, 311, 170; Kodigasianum

123

Catasetum
;

atratum,
;

drum bicornutum, 343

meirax, 24

Ellisii,

179 Eria
124;

Eulophia Warburgiana,

tenebrosum,
;

152 Cattleya

Aclandiae

Zeyheri,27 -Eulophiella Elisabeths, 179

maxima, 311 A. salmonea, 59; Cupidon, Eldorado Lindeni 219; E. Owenii, 370;
E. Treyeranae, 91 219 Countess of Derby, 311
;
;

Crammatophyllum Measuresianum, 278

Habenaria Susannae, 312 Hexisia biden-

yana, 343

X
alba, 123; Mossiae
;

246; Lueddemanniana M. Wambekeana, 343 Treyeranae, 370

;

iumnalis
stoglossa, 153
[53
:

alba,

Fincken-

Parthenia, 60; Rex, 178 partiana, 311 ; Triame Schroederae, 178;

Trianae Ca-

grandis tenebrosa, 123;

Larlio-cati

\'ictoria-Regina,

343',

Walkeriana

43

nobilior,

27 Chondrorhyncha Chestertoni,

2;

Canfaamtf tna alba,

;

246,

152-Chysis bractescens, 152; laevis, 91 Noetzliana, 246-Ccelogyne Cochlioda

152;
cristata

A-enberghei,' 3 12

elegans

Frederi ck Boyle, 220,

,

cristata,

Lemoniana,

153;

122,

123;

178;
gesii,

speciosa,

311 Cycnoches

Loddi;

343 Cymbidium eburneum, 311 x Winnianum, 123 Cypripedium X Adonis, X Annie X Adrastus, 91, 178 rn
;

tauldiana,
1

S3

124; Davisii, 312; gargantua, Geleniana, 24 ,a

1

Prize for t jest seedling Orchid,

I'romeiuu. 1 microptera, 222
Pterostyli
;

Mum k
220-

124 Maxillaria
279; striata,

longipes.

124: mirabiiis.

major, 76

obtusa,

59; venusta,
;

Mikonia

Pterygodii

X Bleuana

rosea, 371

Bleui splendens,

279; Phalasnopsis, 179; spectabilis, 220; i. Moieliana, 343 s. Moreliana atropur;

ReichenbE ichianrc, 304 r,76 Renanthei

238 maculata, 237 Rodrigues' Brazilian Cattleyas, 206
;

279

bum,
turn,

Rodway,
Rolfe,

J.,

on Coryanthes, 338
G.'s, Collection,

Ca7
;

Roebling, C.

323
53. l6f,

c.

New

Orchids described, 34.

Franz Masereel, 371

latum, 344
c.

Rex,

i79-Pholilallisgelida,
lyhria, 124
;

Scnphosepalum
dactylum, 53

Schomburgkia
,

ti

care

of,

84,

85

of Cat t leva

Cypripcdium, 117; pricking

loleuca,

59-Sophr
balliana,

344

fimbriata, 371

.
. .

..

im

Iiurt

6o;

Clini ti>m.

123;

imei

Sophro-cattleya
Sophro-laelia

eximia, 333. 349

beta, 333
;

Sophronitis cernua, 373 grandiflora, 367 Spathoglottis pubescens, 320

Spiranthes cernua, 47, 77 pudica, 135 Stand Hall Collection, 291

;

Stanhopea Calceolus, 208 grand itlora. 34* Haselowiana, 226 inodora, 287 nigripes,
;

Ventilators, 264

Randii, 359 Stauropsis philippinensis, 308, 350 Stelis micrantha, 76 ophioglossoides. 47 Styles, W. A., on Orchids, 66, 101

359

Walton- Grange

Collection, 243

Stenorhynchus^orchioides, 76, 78
46, 75, 77

speciosus,

Watt, T.
William..

R.,

Sale of Collection, 193

Weathers.

I'..

Orchid Exchange, 225

S..

H.

and Son's Orchids,

Tautz,

F. G.,

death

of,

66
I

Manual, 232
Woodford's, Mr., Collection, 77

Temperatures, abnormal, 363

Temple Show,
Thrips, 85, 89

129, 187, 205

xioides, 76

Xyleborus perforans, 57
169
;

Thunia

Brymeriana,

Veitchiana

Xyiobium squalens, 135

Zygopetalum
una on
.

superba, 255

on

304;

Lin,
\

Tobacco, 67 powder, 89, 149 Trentham, Orchids at, 246

;

m. Zygopetalum crossed with Odontoglos

rosti lunn,

304; Lindenia. 270

LIST OF ILU JSTRATIONS.

Cypripedium

X conco-Lawre
X X
Gravesiae

337
8i

La?lia

Gouldiana

Godefroyae leucochilum 145

Lycaste Skinneri armeniaca Miltonia X Bleuana nobilior

Frontisi

Odontoglossum X
Io grande

Andersonianum
Hazelbourne
var.

49

Dendrobium
sinodi-Wardianum

crispum Capartianum

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